CN114682776A - Forming method of rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger - Google Patents
Forming method of rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN114682776A CN114682776A CN202210331247.6A CN202210331247A CN114682776A CN 114682776 A CN114682776 A CN 114682776A CN 202210331247 A CN202210331247 A CN 202210331247A CN 114682776 A CN114682776 A CN 114682776A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009763 wire-cut EDM Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger, which belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, adopts a method for controlling the thickness of a forming layer by inputting different energy, forms a self-protection structure in the heat exchanger, solves the problems of poor forming quality and low structural strength caused by scraping of a scraper and a small-inclination-angle rod-shaped lattice after the rod-shaped lattice is formed due to stress deformation and warping, and simultaneously adopts a chemical polishing process to polish the formed lattice to improve the structural strength and the surface quality of the rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger forming method.
Background
The traditional heat exchange structure is generally of a tube plate structure, and is generally prepared by a machining and welding process method in the manufacturing process, so that the manufacturing process is long, the quality reliability is low, and the heat exchange efficiency is low. The lattice structure is formed by expanding the connection rods between the nodes according to the space period rule, has the characteristics of light weight, high specific strength, high specific rigidity, high toughness, high heat exchange area and the like when used for heat exchange, and is an ideal heat exchange structure.
The selective laser melting forming technology (SLM for short) is not influenced by the complexity of components and the difficult processing performance of materials, can directly prepare metal components with complex shapes, high dimensional precision, compact tissues and stable performance, and can realize the integral forming of heat exchangers with complex lattice structures.
However, the diameter of the connecting rod of the lattice structure is generally smaller than 2mm and has a certain inclination angle, and especially the small-inclination-angle lattice structure smaller than 50 degrees is scratched by a scraper after being warped due to stress deformation during forming, so that the forming quality of the lattice connecting rod is poor, and even the forming fails. On one hand, the surface roughness is high, so that the heat exchange area is difficult to control, and the high surface roughness influences the circulation of liquid and gas in the heat exchanger, and finally influences the heat exchange efficiency; on the other hand, the connecting rod has low strength, so that the stability of the lattice structure is reduced, and the connecting rod is easy to fall off under the impact of high-speed liquid and gas to form internal redundancy, thereby bringing use risks.
Therefore, a high-quality SLM forming method for the dot matrix heat exchanger is needed, which can effectively prevent the connecting rod from being scratched by a scraper after being subjected to stress deformation and warping.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides the rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger forming method, which realizes the high-quality forming of the rod-shaped lattice with small inclination angle and high reliability.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger comprises an outer wall, an inner wall and a rod-shaped lattice, wherein the rod-shaped lattice is positioned between the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, and the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a three-dimensional model of the dot matrix heat exchanger, separating a rod-shaped dot matrix in the three-dimensional model of the dot matrix heat exchanger from structures of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, and extending a connecting rod at the contact part of the rod-shaped dot matrix and the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger by a distance to obtain the rod-shaped dot matrix with allowance;
establishing a three-dimensional forming model of the lattice heat exchanger and adding supports at the bottom of the lattice heat exchanger by using the separated inner wall and outer wall of the heat exchanger and the rod-shaped lattice with the allowance, wherein the rod-shaped lattice is embedded into the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger to a certain depth in the three-dimensional forming model of the lattice heat exchanger;
the inner wall, the outer wall and the rod-shaped lattice of the heat exchanger in the three-dimensional forming model added with the supporting structure are divided by adopting different process parameters, and the three-dimensional forming process of the heat exchanger is determined, so that the forming total height of the rod-shaped lattice is always lower than that of the inner wall or the outer wall of the heat exchanger in the selective laser melting forming process, and the forming total heights of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are equal;
in an inert gas environment, according to the three-dimensional forming process of the heat exchanger, carrying out selective laser melting forming on a substrate to obtain a dot matrix heat exchanger blank with the substrate and a supporting structure;
and separating the substrate and the supporting structure at the bottom of the lattice heat exchanger blank, and finishing the surface of the lattice rod in the lattice heat exchanger blank to obtain the final lattice heat exchanger.
Preferably, the diameter of a connecting rod of the heat exchanger rod-shaped lattice is 1-2 mm, the included angle between the axis direction of the connecting rod and the horizontal plane is not more than 50 degrees, and the wall thickness of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger is more than 2 mm.
Preferably, in the three-dimensional forming model of the lattice heat exchanger, the depth of the rod-shaped lattice with the allowance embedded into the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger is 0.1 mm-0.15 mm.
Preferably, in the three-dimensional forming process of the heat exchanger, the process parameters of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are the same, and compared with the process parameters of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, the process parameters of the rod-shaped lattice have low laser power and high scanning speed, so that the laser energy density is reduced by 20-40%.
Preferably, in the selective laser melting and forming process, the rod-shaped dot matrix and the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are synchronously formed, and the height difference between the forming total height of the rod-shaped dot matrix and the forming total height of the inner wall or the outer wall of the heat exchanger is controlled to be 0.01-0.03 mm.
Preferably, the base plate at the bottom of the dot matrix heat exchanger blank is separated by wire electrical discharge machining.
Preferably, the wire cutting is reciprocating wire-cut electrical discharge machining, the pulse width of the electrical discharge machining is set to be 8-28 mu s, the pulse interval is 112-170 mu s, and the waveform is rectangular pulse.
Preferably, most of supports at the bottom of the dot matrix heat exchanger blank and the allowance at the top are separated by adopting a machining method, and finally, the residual supports are removed by adopting a manual polishing method.
Preferably, the lattice rod surface inside the lattice heat exchanger blank is finished by adopting a chemical polishing method.
Preferably, the chemical polishing solution is a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and the specific formula of the chemical polishing solution is as follows: mass fraction HF solution: 5 percent; HCl solution: 13 percent; HNO3Solution: 16 percent of water and the balance of water, the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the polishing solution uniformly flows in the heat exchanger rod-shaped lattice under the rated pressure of 0.3MPa, and the polishing time is 2-3 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, through the differentiated design of process parameters, the forming height of the outer wall of the heat exchanger is skillfully higher than the forming total height of the rod-shaped dot matrix all the time, so that the rod-shaped dot matrix is self-protected in the forming process of the heat exchanger, the connecting rod in the rod-shaped dot matrix is prevented from being scratched by a scraper after being deformed and warped by stress, and the high-quality forming of the dot matrix heat exchanger is ensured;
(2) the invention adopts a chemical polishing method to polish the rod-shaped dot matrix, thereby ensuring that the surface roughness meets the design index on one hand, solving the problem that the powder in the inner cavity of the complex heat exchange channel is difficult to remove on the other hand, and ensuring the reliability of the dot matrix heat exchanger.
(3) Compared with the traditional welding process after machining, the invention adopts an integral forming method, the number of parts is from dozens to 1, the machining procedures are reduced, and the production period is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the formation of the lattice heat exchange of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the lattice structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1 is the outer wall of the heat exchanger, 2 is a rod-shaped lattice, 3 is the inner wall of the heat exchanger, and 4 is a substrate.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention and its advantages when taken in conjunction with the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. However, the specific embodiments and examples described below are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-quality forming method of a small-inclination-angle rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger. As shown in figures 1 and 2, the small-inclination-angle rod-shaped lattice structure comprises a heat exchanger outer wall 1, a rod-shaped lattice 2 and a heat exchanger inner wall 3, wherein the rod-shaped lattice is located between the heat exchanger inner wall and the heat exchanger outer wall and fixedly connected with the heat exchanger inner wall and the heat exchanger outer wall to jointly form a lattice heat exchanger, the diameter of a connecting rod of the heat exchanger rod-shaped lattice is 1-2 mm, the included angle between the axis direction of the connecting rod of the lattice and the horizontal plane is not more than 50 degrees, the wall thickness of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger is more than 2mm, the small-inclination-angle rod-shaped lattice increases the heat exchange area, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) establishing a three-dimensional model of the dot matrix heat exchanger in three-dimensional modeling software, separating a rod-shaped dot matrix in the three-dimensional model of the dot matrix heat exchanger, the inner wall of the heat exchanger and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, and extending a connecting rod at the contact part of the rod-shaped dot matrix and the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger for a certain distance to obtain a rod-shaped dot matrix with allowance;
in a specific embodiment of the invention, a three-dimensional model of the lattice heat exchanger is established by using modeling software UG based on design optimization of an additive manufacturing technology, wherein the outer wall 1 of the heat exchanger is of a cylindrical structure, the outer diameter is 140mm, and the wall thickness is 3 mm; the heat exchange dot matrix 2 adopts an octahedral structure, the length of a dot matrix unit is 4mm, the connecting rod is cylindrical, the diameter of the connecting rod is 1mm, and the minimum included angle between the axis direction of the connecting rod and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees; the outer wall 3 of the heat exchanger is of a cylindrical structure, the inner diameter is 60mm, and the wall thickness is 2mm, as shown in figure 2.
In this embodiment, the rod-shaped lattice is cut at the intersection with the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger by UG modeling software, and is separated into three independent parts.
(2) Guiding the separated inner wall and outer wall of the heat exchanger and the rod-shaped dot matrix with the allowance into laser selective melting forming design software, establishing a three-dimensional forming model of the dot matrix heat exchanger, adding supports at the bottom of the dot matrix heat exchanger, and embedding the rod-shaped dot matrix into the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger to a certain depth in the three-dimensional forming model of the dot matrix heat exchanger;
in order to lead the separated inner wall and outer wall of the heat exchanger and the rod-shaped lattice with allowance into the selective laser melting forming design software, the three parts can be respectively led out to be in an STL format, and the leading-out precision is not lower than 0.0025 mm.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the rod-shaped dot matrix, the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are led into magics software, and the three components are assembled in an alignment mode, so that a three-dimensional forming model of the dot matrix heat exchanger is established, and in the three-dimensional forming model of the dot matrix heat exchanger, the rod-shaped dot matrix is extended by a connecting rod at a contact part of the rod-shaped dot matrix and the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, so that the dot matrix is embedded into the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger to a certain depth, wherein the depth is 0.1mm in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1.
(3) The inner wall, the outer wall and the rod-shaped lattice of the heat exchanger in the three-dimensional forming model added with the supporting structure are divided by adopting different process parameters, and the three-dimensional forming process of the heat exchanger is determined, so that the forming total height of the rod-shaped lattice is always lower than the forming total height of the inner wall or the outer wall of the heat exchanger in selective laser melting forming, and the forming total heights of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are equal;
in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are the same, specifically: the laser power is 280W, the scanning speed is 800mm/s, the line spacing is 0.10mm, the spot diameter is 90 μm, the powder layer thickness is 0.04, and the phase angle is 67 degrees; in the three-dimensional forming process of the heat exchanger, the technological parameters of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are the same, and compared with the technological parameters of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, the technological parameters of the rod-shaped lattice are low in laser power and high in scanning speed, so that the laser energy density is reduced by 20% -40%, and finally, in the selective laser melting forming process, the forming total height of the rod-shaped lattice is always lower than that of the outer wall, specifically: the laser power is 240W, the scanning speed is 1000mm/s, the line spacing is 0.10mm, the spot diameter is 90 μm, the powder spreading layer thickness is 0.04, the phase angle is 67 degrees, and the energy density is reduced by 32 percent.
(4) In an inert gas environment, according to the three-dimensional forming process of the heat exchanger, carrying out selective laser melting forming on the substrate 4 to obtain a dot matrix heat exchanger blank with a substrate and a supporting structure;
and in the selective laser melting forming process, the rod-shaped lattice and the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are synchronously formed, the forming total height h2 of the rod-shaped lattice in the forming process is smaller than the forming total height h1 of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, and finally the height difference between the forming total height h of the rod-shaped lattice and the forming total height h of the inner wall and the outer wall is controlled to be 0.01-0.03 mm. The height difference is the machining allowance of the rod-shaped lattice.
(5) And separating the substrate and the supporting structure at the bottom of the dot matrix heat exchanger blank, and finishing the surface of the dot matrix rod in the dot matrix heat exchanger blank to obtain the final dot matrix heat exchanger.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the base plate at the bottom of the blank of the dot matrix heat exchanger is separated by wire cut electrical discharge machining. The wire cutting is high-speed reciprocating wire-cut electric spark wire cutting, the pulse width is set to be 8-28 mu s, the pulse interval is 112-170 mu s, and the waveform is rectangular pulse.
And separating most of supports at the bottom of the dot matrix heat exchanger blank from the allowance at the top by adopting a machining method, and finally removing the residual supports by adopting a manual polishing method. The mechanical processing method is to process the component end face support and allowance by adopting a milling machine.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the surface of the lattice rod in the lattice heat exchanger blank is finished by adopting a chemical polishing method, so that the finish degree meets the requirement, and the final lattice heat exchange part is obtained. The specific formula of the chemical polishing solution is as follows: mass fraction HF solution: 5 percent; HCl solution: 13 percent; HNO3Solution: 16 percent of water and the balance of water, the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the polishing solution uniformly flows in the dot matrix of the heat exchanger under the rated pressure of 0.3MPa, the polishing time is 2.5min, the roughness of the polished dot matrix connecting rod reaches Ra6.3um, and the use requirement is met.
The invention adopts a method of controlling the thickness of the forming layer by different energy input, forms a self-protection structure in the heat exchanger, eliminates the problems of poor forming quality and low structural strength caused by scraping between the small-inclination-angle rod-shaped lattice and a scraper after the small-inclination-angle rod-shaped lattice is formed and warped due to stress deformation, and simultaneously adopts a chemical polishing process to polish the formed lattice, thereby improving the structural strength and the surface quality of the small-inclination-angle rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (10)
1. A method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger is characterized in that the heat exchanger comprises an outer wall, an inner wall and a rod-shaped lattice, the rod-shaped lattice is positioned between the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, and the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a three-dimensional model of the dot matrix heat exchanger, separating a rod-shaped dot matrix in the three-dimensional model of the dot matrix heat exchanger from structures of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, and extending a connecting rod at the contact part of the rod-shaped dot matrix and the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger by a distance to obtain the rod-shaped dot matrix with allowance;
establishing a three-dimensional forming model of the dot matrix heat exchanger and adding supports at the bottom of the dot matrix heat exchanger by using the separated inner wall and outer wall of the heat exchanger and the rod-shaped dot matrix with the allowance, wherein the rod-shaped dot matrix is embedded into the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger to a certain depth in the three-dimensional forming model of the dot matrix heat exchanger;
the inner wall, the outer wall and the rod-shaped dot matrix of the heat exchanger in the lattice heat exchanger three-dimensional forming model added with the supporting structure are subdivided by adopting different process parameters, and the heat exchanger three-dimensional forming process is determined, so that the forming total height of the rod-shaped dot matrix is always lower than that of the inner wall or the outer wall of the heat exchanger in the selective laser melting forming process, and the forming total heights of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are equal;
in an inert gas environment, according to the three-dimensional forming process of the heat exchanger, carrying out selective laser melting forming on a substrate to obtain a dot matrix heat exchanger blank with the substrate and a supporting structure;
and separating the substrate and the supporting structure at the bottom of the lattice heat exchanger blank, and finishing the surface of the lattice rod in the lattice heat exchanger blank to obtain the final lattice heat exchanger.
2. The method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the connecting rod of the heat exchanger rod-shaped lattice is 1-2 mm, the included angle between the axis direction of the connecting rod and the horizontal plane is not more than 50 degrees, and the wall thickness of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger is more than 2 mm.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger is formed by embedding the rod-shaped lattice with the allowance into the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger to a depth of 0.1mm to 0.15mm in a three-dimensional forming model of the lattice heat exchanger.
4. The method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: in the three-dimensional forming process of the heat exchanger, the technological parameters of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are the same, and compared with the technological parameters of the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger, the technological parameters of the rod-shaped lattice are low in laser power and high in scanning speed, so that the laser energy density is reduced by 20% -40%.
5. The method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: in the selective laser melting and forming process, the rod-shaped dot matrix and the inner wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger are synchronously formed, and the height difference between the forming total height of the rod-shaped dot matrix and the forming total height of the inner wall or the outer wall of the heat exchanger is controlled to be 0.01-0.03 mm.
6. The method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: and cutting and separating the base plate at the bottom of the dot matrix heat exchanger blank by adopting an electric spark wire.
7. The method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein: the wire cutting is reciprocating wire-moving electric spark wire cutting, the pulse width of an electric spark is set to be 8-28 mu s, the pulse interval is 112-170 mu s, and the waveform is rectangular pulse.
8. The method for forming the rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the bottom support and the top allowance of the lattice heat exchanger blank are separated by a machining method, and finally, the residual support is removed by a manual grinding method.
9. The method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein: and finishing the surface of the lattice rod in the lattice heat exchanger blank by adopting a chemical polishing method.
10. The method for forming a rod-shaped lattice heat exchanger according to claim 9, wherein: the chemical polishing solution is a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and the specific formula of the chemical polishing solution is as follows: mass fraction HF solution: 5 percent; HCl solution：13％；HNO3Solution: 16 percent of water and the balance of water, the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the polishing solution uniformly flows in the heat exchanger rod-shaped lattice under the rated pressure of 0.3MPa, and the polishing time is 2-3 min.
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