CN114673559A - Real-time accurate monitoring method and system for mine permeable catastrophe information - Google Patents
Real-time accurate monitoring method and system for mine permeable catastrophe information Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/324—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Raman scattering
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- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
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- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of underground water permeability monitoring, and provides a method and a system for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeability, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a light transmission wave signal, and acquiring Raman scattering light frequency shift quantity and Raman scattering light flux at ambient temperature according to the light transmission wave signal; according to the frequency shift quantity of Raman scattering light and the Raman scattering light flux at the ambient temperature, eliminating the error of the light frequency shift quantity, and calculating to obtain the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber; obtaining the temperature variation of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber according to the temperature of the unsubmerged part of the sensing optical fiber and the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber; acquiring the strain variation and the length of the part of the sensing optical fiber submerged by water; and determining the water permeable position according to the temperature variation, the strain variation and the length. This application can confirm the position of permeating water through sensing optical fiber by the temperature variation of submerged part, strain variation, length, realizes the real-time accurate monitoring whether the mine permeates water.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of underground water permeation monitoring, in particular to a method and a system for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeation.
Background
Mine water permeability refers to a flood accident that surface water and underground water of a mine flow into a working face of the mine through various channels such as cracks, faults, subsidence areas and the like without control due to the fact that water prevention and control measures of the mine are not in place in the process of construction and production, and casualties or property loss of operation personnel are caused.
Mine water permeation is one of the common main disasters of a mine, and after the water permeation occurs, normal production of the mine can be influenced, and a large amount of personnel can be easily trapped or casualties can be caused. Therefore, the monitoring and acquisition work of the water permeability catastrophe information is made in the early stage of the water permeability of the mine, and the method is not only crucial, but also has important guiding significance for disaster grade assessment and post-disaster emergency rescue.
However, the prior art means is difficult to monitor the mine water permeability in real time, and the main problem is that the electric short circuit of the excavation working face is easily caused in the early stage of the water permeability, so that the power failure and power outage in a local range are caused, and therefore most types of power sensors cannot be normally used after the mine water permeability occurs. Even if various power sensors are subjected to waterproof treatment, the power sensors subjected to waterproof treatment may have a risk of electric leakage. That is, the waterproof treatment cannot guarantee the long-term safe use of the power sensor under water, and the long-distance large-area arrangement of the power sensor also brings about an excessively high economic cost and a failure rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a real-time accurate monitoring method and a real-time accurate monitoring system for mine permeable catastrophe information, which can realize real-time monitoring and determine a permeable position according to the state of a submerged part of a sensing optical fiber and the length of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for accurately monitoring disaster information of mine water permeability in real time, where the method includes:
acquiring a light wave signal transmitted to a master control machine by a sensing optical fiber, wherein the sensing optical fiber is arranged in a roadway;
acquiring Raman scattering light frequency shift quantity and Raman scattering light flux at ambient temperature according to the lightwave signal;
calculating the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber by water according to the Raman scattering light frequency shift quantity, the Raman scattering light flux at the environment temperature and the Raman scattering light flux at the pre-acquired calibration temperature;
obtaining the temperature variation of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber according to the temperature of the unsubmerged part of the sensing optical fiber and the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber;
acquiring the strain variation of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber;
acquiring the length of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber;
and determining the permeable position according to the temperature variation, the strain variation and the length of the sensing optical fiber submerged by water.
According to the scheme, the permeable position can be determined through the temperature variation amount of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber, the strain variation amount and the length of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber, so that whether the mine is permeable or not is accurately monitored in real time, necessary decision information is provided for permeable emergency rescue of the mine, and the permeable emergency rescue system has high practicability.
In the method for accurately monitoring the permeable catastrophe information of the mine in real time provided by the embodiment of the application, the acquiring of the strain variation of the part of the sensing optical fiber submerged by water comprises the following steps:
according to the pre-acquired strain value of the sensing optical fiber at the calibration temperature and the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber, eliminating the optical frequency shift error, and calculating to obtain the strain of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber;
and obtaining the strain variation of the sensing optical fiber according to the strain of the unsubmerged part of the sensing optical fiber and the strain of the drowned part of the sensing optical fiber.
In the method for accurately monitoring the permeable catastrophe information of the mine in real time provided by the embodiment of the application, the acquiring of the length of the sensing optical fiber submerged by water includes:
acquiring a start point and a stop point of the sensing optical fiber which are submerged;
acquiring a first distance between the starting point and an interface of a sensing optical fiber;
acquiring a second distance between the termination point and an interface of the sensing optical fiber;
and calculating the difference value of the first distance and the second distance to obtain the length of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber.
According to the method for accurately monitoring the permeable catastrophe information of the mine in real time, the strain fluctuation propagation direction on the sensing optical fiber is obtained, and the water flow direction is determined according to the strain fluctuation propagation direction;
acquiring the average flow rate of water flow in a roadway;
and displaying water permeating catastrophe information according to the water permeating position, the water flow direction and the water flow average flow.
In the method for accurately monitoring the permeable catastrophe information of the mine in real time provided by the embodiment of the application, the determining of the current water flow direction according to the strain fluctuation propagation direction includes:
and if the strain is gradually increased from the tail end of the sensing optical fiber and is gradually transmitted to the sensing optical fiber interface, judging that the water flow direction is opposite to the laser light wave incidence direction.
In the method for accurately monitoring the permeable catastrophe information of the mine in real time provided by the embodiment of the application, the determining of the current water flow direction according to the strain fluctuation propagation direction includes:
if the strain starts to be gradually reduced from the tail end of the sensing optical fiber and is gradually transmitted along the direction far away from the sensing optical fiber interface, the water flow direction is the same as the laser light wave incidence direction.
In the method for accurately monitoring the permeable catastrophe information of the mine in real time provided by the embodiment of the application, the acquiring of the average flow of water flow in a roadway comprises the following steps:
acquiring the elevation of a roadway inlet, the elevation of a roadway head and the average sectional area of the roadway to determine the volume of effluent;
and calculating the ratio of the volume of the effluent to the sine value of the inclination angle of the roadway, and dividing the ratio by the time period of the water flow from the first preset flow to the second position to obtain the average flow.
In the method for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeability provided by the embodiment of the application, the displaying of the disaster information of water permeability comprises the following steps:
and integrating the water position, the water flow direction and the water flow average flow with an underground three-dimensional map to display the permeable catastrophe information.
In the method for accurately monitoring the permeable catastrophe information of the mine in real time provided by the embodiment of the application, the calculating to obtain the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber comprises the following steps:
the temperature T of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber is calculated by the following formula:
wherein h is Planck constant,. DELTA.v is Raman scattering light frequency shift amount, k is Boltzmann constant, and T is0For calibrating temperature constants, phi AS (T0) For calibrating the Raman scattered light flux at temperature, [ phi ] AS (T) is the Raman scattered light flux at ambient temperature.
In a second aspect, the application further provides a system for real-time and accurate monitoring of the mine water-permeable catastrophe information, which comprises a main control computer and a sensing optical fiber connected with the main control computer, wherein the main control computer is used for executing any one of the above methods for real-time and accurate monitoring of the mine water-permeable catastrophe information.
Compared with the prior art, in the real-time accurate monitoring method for the mine water permeation catastrophe information, the water permeation position can be determined through the temperature variation amount and the strain variation amount of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber and the length of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber, so that whether the mine permeates water or not is accurately monitored in real time, necessary decision information is provided for mine water permeation emergency rescue, and the method has high practicability.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for accurately monitoring disaster information of mine water permeability in real time according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a step of acquiring a length of a sensing optical fiber submerged by water according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another method for accurately monitoring disaster information of mine water permeability in real time according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a sensing optical fiber and a main controller according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the spreading of water flowing to two sides in the mine water permeability catastrophe information real-time accurate monitoring method provided by the application embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for implementing the method for accurately monitoring disaster information of mine water permeability in real time according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the main elements and symbols:
101. a main control machine; 102. a sensing optical fiber; 103. and (5) laneways.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be understood that, for the convenience of clearly describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second", and the like are used in the embodiments of the present application to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and actions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," etc. do not denote any order or quantity, nor do the terms "first," "second," etc. denote any order or importance.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and includes such combinations.
The inventor of the application discovers that when the mine permeates water and takes place, it takes place electrical short circuit to cause the working face of digging easily, arouses the outage of having a power failure in the local scope, therefore most types of power sensor all can't normal use after the mine permeates water and takes place, even carry out water repellent to it, also can not guarantee the permanent safe handling under water to long distance large tracts of land arranges power sensor, still can bring too high economic cost and fault rate incidence.
In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for accurately monitoring disaster information of mine water permeability in real time, referring to fig. 1 and 4, fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the method for accurately monitoring disaster information of mine water permeability in real time provided by the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 4 is a schematic connection structure diagram of a sensing optical fiber 102 and a master control machine 101 provided by the embodiment of the present application. The method comprises steps S100-S300.
S100, obtaining the current state information of the sensing optical fiber 102, wherein the sensing optical fiber 102 can be placed on the ground of the roadway 103.
Before acquiring the current state information of the optical fiber, an operator can access one end of the sensing optical fiber 102 to an interface of the main control computer 101, and the rest part of the sensing optical fiber 102 is arranged on a main roadway 103 and a mining working face of a mine. Light waves with different frequencies are used as signal transmission media to monitor the water permeability of the underground workplace.
Regarding the specific position of the main control machine 101, the operator can place the main control machine 101 in an air intake roadway or chamber with a higher mine mining level to ensure that the main control machine 101 is not submerged by water flow in the early stage of mine water permeation.
In addition, a pulse laser, a semiconductor refrigeration chip, a cooling fan, a wavelength division multiplexer, a laser demodulator, a photoelectric detector and a data acquisition card are integrated in the main control machine 101.
The pulse laser can be connected with the wavelength division multiplexer through an internal optical cable, the semiconductor refrigeration piece can be adhered to two sides of the pulse laser through heat-conducting silicone grease, and at least one cooling fan can be arranged at the tail plate of the pulse laser. The distance between the peripheral side surface of the pulse laser and the inner surface of the shell of the main control computer 101 can be 10-15 cm, so that a ventilation space of 10-15 cm is formed, and sufficient heat exchange airflow is ensured.
The wavelength division multiplexer is provided with an access end and two output ends, wherein the access end is connected with the pulse laser, one side of one output end is connected with an interface of the main control machine 101 and is directly connected with the sensing optical fiber 102, and the other output end is connected with the laser demodulator; the laser demodulator, the photoelectric detector and the data acquisition card are connected in a one-way mode through a radio frequency cable.
An operator can use a pulse laser to generate laser light waves with the peak power of 11-14W and the pulse width of 1400-1650 ns; and then, coupling laser light waves with different wavelengths into the same sensing fiber 102 by using a wavelength division multiplexer for transmission. In the process, the semiconductor refrigeration piece can control the pulse laser at constant temperature, so that the influence on the service life of the main control machine 101 due to overhigh temperature caused by long-time work of the pulse laser is avoided.
Preferably, the power of the pulse laser can be between 15 and 20W, the pulse frequency can be between 20 and 30kHz, and the diameter of an output light spot can be between 6 and 8 mm.
To ensure that the sensing fiber 102 can be used for a long time, the sensing fiber 102 may include a core of the sensing fiber 102 and an outer waterproof jacket, which may wrap the core of the sensing fiber 102. Compared with a power sensor which is subjected to waterproof treatment, the sensing optical fiber 102 basically has no possibility of electric leakage, is higher in safety, is convenient to arrange and is higher in economic benefit.
Preferably, the core diameter of the sensing fiber 102 may be 120-150 μm, and the core material may include 70% silica and 30% germanium dioxide.
As a preference, the photodetector may employ an avalanche photodiode as the photoelectric conversion module.
In the embodiment of the present application, one end of the sensing fiber 102 may be connected to an output port of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the rest is disposed in the main roadway 103 and the working face of the mine. When water penetration occurs in a certain section of the tunnel 103, the sensing optical fiber 102 is submerged after the accumulated water is gradually increased. When the sensing fiber 102 is submerged, the status information of the sensing fiber 102 changes. In the sensing optical fiber 102, laser light waves with different frequencies are used as signal transmission media and can be transmitted to the main control machine 101, so as to obtain state information of the sensing optical fiber 102, that is, information of related physical parameters of the sensing optical fiber 102.
Further, the status information may include the current temperature change of the sensing fiber 102 and the strain change of the sensing fiber 102.
At this time, when the current state information of the sensing optical fiber 102 needs to be acquired, the pulse laser emits laser light waves, and the laser light waves are injected into the wavelength division multiplexer, and the wavelength division multiplexer combines the laser light waves together and then transmits the laser light waves into the sensing optical fiber 102; after the sensing optical fiber 102 is submerged by water, strain and temperature change can be generated, laser light waves in the optical fiber are scattered, the laser light waves (namely, backscattered light) at the moment are returned to the main control computer 101 in a form of backscattered light, and then the backscattered light with various wavelengths is separated out through a wavelength division multiplexer; and then analyzing the intensity and frequency change of the back scattering light by a laser demodulator, converting the light wave signal into an electric signal by using a photoelectric detector, and then automatically collecting the signal by using a data acquisition card. After the main control machine 101 obtains the electrical signal, the electrical signal is analyzed, so as to obtain the temperature variation of the optical fiber sensing and the strain variation of the sensing optical fiber 102.
In order to monitor the change of the water permeability in the mine in real time, the temperature change of the sensing optical fiber 102 and the strain change of the sensing optical fiber 102 may be obtained at preset time intervals. For example, the temperature change amount and the strain change amount of the sensing fiber 102 may be acquired once every thirty seconds, one minute, or the like.
Specifically, in step S100, steps S101-S102 may be included.
S101, the main control computer 101 can acquire a light wave signal transmitted from the sensing optical fiber 102 to the main control computer 101, and acquire Raman scattering optical flux at an ambient temperature and a Raman scattering optical frequency shift amount according to the light wave signal;
and calculating the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber 102 according to the frequency shift quantity of the Raman scattering light, the Raman scattering light flux at the ambient temperature and the Raman scattering light flux at the pre-acquired calibration temperature.
It should be understood that the raman scattered light flux at the calibration temperature can be calculated manually under the temperature conditions set in the laboratory. The depths of different mines are possibly different, and the temperature in the roadway is also possibly different, so in the scheme of the embodiment of the application, the temperature value of the laboratory can be set to be the same value as the temperature in the roadway. Typically, the temperature in the tunnel is substantially the same, and the raman scattered light flux is the same under the condition that the laboratory is set to the same temperature as the tunnel. Therefore, the raman scattered light flux at the calibration temperature can be regarded as a fixed quantity.
After the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing fiber 102 is known, the temperature variation of the sensing fiber 102 can be obtained according to the temperature of the unsubmerged part of the sensing fiber 102 obtained by pre-calculation.
Specifically, in step S101, the temperature T of the submerged portion of the sensing fiber 102 can be calculated by formula (1):
wherein h is Planck constant, Δ v is Raman scattering light frequency shift amount, k is Boltzmann constant, and T0For calibrating temperature constants, phi AS (To) is the Raman scattered light flux at the calibration temperature, [ phi ] AS (T) is the Raman scattered light flux at ambient temperature.
The formula (1) adopts Raman scattering light flux and Raman scattering light frequency shift quantity as main detection variables, can accurately measure the surface temperature variation of the sensing optical fiber 102 caused by mine water permeation, and can avoid measurement errors caused by signal attenuation caused by the abrasion of the sensing optical fiber 102 under the complex working condition environment of a mine. And the raman scattered light flux and the raman scattered light frequency shift amount can be acquired based on the laser light wave.
S102, eliminating optical frequency shift error according to a pre-acquired strain value of the sensing optical fiber at a calibration temperature and the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber 102, and calculating to obtain the strain of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber 102;
the strain variation of the sensing fiber 102 is obtained according to the strain of the unsubmerged part of the sensing fiber 102 and the strain of the submerged part of the sensing fiber 102, which are obtained in advance.
Wherein, the strain of the submerged part of the sensing fiber 102 in a certain section can be calculated by formula (2)
；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the amount of frequency shift of the brillouin light,
is the temperature coefficient of the brillouin frequency shift change,
is the strain coefficient of the brillouin frequency shift change,
the strain value of the sensing optical fiber at the calibration temperature is obtained. The value of the strain at the calibration temperature can be determined by calculation in advance, Cv，T（T-T0) Indicating the amount of optical frequency shift error caused by temperature change.
When the strain value of the sensing optical fiber is calculated according to the formula (2), the influence of temperature change on Brillouin scattering optical frequency shift is fully considered, optical frequency shift error caused by temperature change is eliminated, and the calculation result of the strain value is more accurate.
In conclusion, compared with the traditional measuring method, the temperature value and the strain value calculated by the method are more accurate.
S200, acquiring the length of the sensing optical fiber 102 submerged by water;
in general, the downhole environment is complex, and there may be other conditions that cause changes in the temperature and strain of the sensing fiber 102 (which may occur with relatively low probability). Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, the length of the sensing optical fiber 102 submerged by water can be obtained, and the permeable position can be accurately determined by combining the temperature change and the strain change area.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a step of acquiring a length of the sensing optical fiber 102 submerged by water according to the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of water flow direction spreading to two sides in the method for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeation according to the embodiment of the present application. Step S200 may include:
s201, acquiring a start point and a termination point of the sensing optical fiber 102 which are submerged.
It should be noted that, in general, after the mine is permeated with water, the water flow submerges the optical fiber sensor and then spreads to both ends. The two ends of the submerged part of the sensing fiber 102 can be respectively the starting point and the ending point. There are of course also situations where the water current spreads only to one end, but this situation is less likely and the flooded portion of the sensing fiber 102 still has a starting point and an ending point.
Referring to fig. 5, after the emergency penetration of water in the mine occurs, the generated water flows down to a certain point of the sensing optical fiber 102 and then spreads to the left and right sides. The leftmost side of the submerged portion may be used as a starting point and the rightmost side of the submerged portion as an ending point at this time. Of course, the left side may be the end point and the right side may be the start point.
It is understood that the temperature and strain of the part of the optical fiber which is not submerged by water are different from the temperature and strain of the part of the optical fiber which is submerged by water. Where there is a large change in strain, temperature, etc. in the sensing fiber 102, it is typically either an end point or a starting point.
S202, acquiring a first distance between the starting point and the interface of the sensing optical fiber 102, and acquiring a second distance between the ending point and the interface of the sensing optical fiber 102.
Wherein the first distance or the second distance may be calculated by equation (3):
wherein d is the first distance or the second distance, c is the propagation speed of the light wave in the optical fiber, τ is the pulse width of the light wave, and n is the refractive index of the fiber core of the optical fiber.
S203, calculating the difference value of the first distance and the second distance to obtain the length of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber 102.
It will be appreciated that the length of the portion is related to the period over which the status information is collected, i.e. to a predetermined time period.
In the case of a preset time period of one minute, assuming that the master control machine 101 collects the temperature and the strain information of the sensing fiber 102 at eight o' clock and one time clock, neither the temperature nor the strain information changes, or no obvious change occurs. While water permeation occurs at the time of eight points, zero one minute and thirty seconds, water flow gradually submerges the sensing optical fiber 102, and the main control machine 101 does not acquire temperature and strain information of the sensing optical fiber 102 at the time. After the interval is 30 seconds, that is, when the time is eight o' clock, the main control computer 101 collects the temperature and the strain information of the sensing optical fiber 102 again, and finds that the temperature and the strain of the sensing optical fiber 102 are changed obviously, which indicates that the water flow falls to the sensing optical fiber 102 and spreads, and the time for spreading the water flow is 30 seconds.
Similarly, if the preset time period is two minutes, and the time period is eight o' clock, zero one clock, the main control machine 101 acquires the temperature and the strain information of the sensing optical fiber 102, and at this time, neither the temperature nor the strain information changes, or the temperature and the strain information changes more obviously. While water permeation occurs at the time of eight points, zero one minute and thirty seconds, water flow gradually submerges the sensing optical fiber 102, and the main control machine 101 does not acquire temperature and strain information of the sensing optical fiber 102 at the time. After the interval is equal to one half, that is, when the interval is equal to eight-point and three-time, the main control computer 101 collects the temperature and the strain information of the sensing optical fiber 102 again, and finds that the temperature and the strain of the sensing optical fiber 102 at this time have obvious changes, which indicates that the water flow falls to the sensing optical fiber 102 and spreads at this time, and the time for spreading the water flow is one half.
Therefore, when the preset time period is longer, the length of the portion of the sensing fiber 102 submerged in water is longer.
The shorter the preset time period is, the shorter the length of the submerged part of the sensing fiber 102 is, and in this case, the more accurate the subsequent determination of the permeable position is.
S300, determining the permeable position according to the state information and the length of the sensing optical fiber 102 submerged by water.
The water permeable position can be determined by determining the temperature and strain information of the sensing optical fiber 102 and the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber 102.
And the mine is permeable, and the emergency permeable and the chronic permeable are generally included. In general, chronic water permeability is less harmful, the period is longer, and the operator can find the phenomenon of chronic water permeability in time. Of course, the chronic water penetration location can also be determined by the above scheme.
When emergency water penetration occurs in a mine, the sensing fibers 102 disposed at the mining face are essentially quickly flooded with water, resulting in significant changes in temperature and strain on the sensing fibers 102 over time.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, it is possible to determine whether or not the position of the sensing fiber 102 has the emergency water penetration according to the formula (4).
In the formula, Δ t is the time that the temperature and strain of the sensing fiber 102 change, and the part of the time can be recorded by the main control machine 101.
Δ d is the length of the submerged portion of the sensing fiber 102, and Δ T is the temperature variation of the submerged portion of the sensing fiber 102.
Δ ε is the amount of change in strain in the submerged portion of sensing fiber 102,
the average amount of strain in air is measured for the portion of the sensing fiber 102 that is not submerged in water.
In summary, if the length of the submerged portion of the sensing optical fiber 102 exceeds 1 meter, and the temperature variation of the submerged portion of the sensing optical fiber 102 exceeds 0.25 times of the average air temperature within 3 minutes, and the strain variation of the submerged portion of the sensing optical fiber 102 exceeds 2 times of the average air strain, it is determined that the section of optical fiber is located at the position where emergency water permeation has occurred, and if one of the conditions is not satisfied, it is determined that the section of optical fiber is located at the position where emergency water permeation has not occurred.
The emergency water penetration judgment condition defined by the formula (4) is that under the complex mine hydrogeological condition, the water inrush quantity and the water inrush speed are higher (more than 600 m)3H) the determined early warning threshold. Whether the emergency water permeation occurs is judged through the formula (4), and the judgment result is more accurate.
In addition, for convenience of operators to more intuitively and clearly check the situation of mine water permeability, refer to fig. 3, where fig. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of another method for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeability provided by the embodiment of the present application. After the water permeable position is determined, the method for real-time and accurate monitoring of the disaster information of the mine water permeability in the embodiment of the application can further comprise the steps of S400-S600.
S400, acquiring a strain fluctuation propagation direction on the sensing optical fiber 102, and determining the current water flow direction according to the strain fluctuation propagation direction;
wherein, according to the strain wave propagation direction, determining the current water flow direction may include:
if the strain of the sensing fiber 102 gradually increases from the tail end of the sensing fiber 102 and gradually propagates along the direction toward the interface of the sensing fiber 102, it is determined that the water flow direction is opposite to the laser light wave incident direction.
On the contrary, the water flow direction is the same as the laser light wave incident direction; that is: if the strain of the sensing fiber 102 is reduced from the tail end of the sensing fiber 102 and gradually propagates along the direction away from the interface of the sensing fiber 102, it is determined that the water flow direction is the same as the laser light wave incident direction.
S500, acquiring the average flow of water flow in the roadway 103.
Specifically, step S500 may include:
acquiring the elevation of the entrance of the roadway 103, the elevation of the head of the roadway 103, the average sectional area of the roadway 103, the elevation of the entrance of the roadway 103, the elevation of the head of the roadway 103 and the average sectional area of the roadway 103 to obtain the volume of effluent;
the ratio of the volume of the water to the sine value of the inclination angle of the roadway 103 is calculated, and the average flow rate is obtained by dividing the ratio by the time period in which the water flows from the first position to the second position.
That is, when the water flows from the first position to the second position, the average flow rate Q of the water flow in the lane 103 can be determined by the formula (5);
wherein h2 is the elevation of the entrance of the tunnel 103, h1 is the elevation of the head of the tunnel 103, s is the average cross-sectional area of the tunnel 103, θ is the inclination angle of the tunnel 103, t1 is the time point when the water flows over the sensing optical fiber 102 at the head of the tunnel 103, and t2 is the time point when the water flows over the sensing optical fiber 102 at the entrance of the tunnel 103.
Taking the case that the water permeation occurs in the tunneling roadway as an example: the water flow gradually spreads from the heading of the excavation roadway to the entry of the excavation roadway, at this time, the time point when the water flow overflows the sensing optical fiber 102 positioned at the heading of the excavation roadway is t1, the time point when the water flow overflows the sensing optical fiber 102 positioned at the entry of the excavation roadway is t2, the water flow is the elevation h2 of the entry of the excavation roadway and is the elevation h1 of the heading of the entry of the excavation roadway, and then the average flow rate of the water flow of the excavation roadway can be calculated through the formula (5).
S600, displaying water permeating catastrophe information according to the water permeating position, the water flowing direction and the water flowing average flow.
In step S600, the optical fiber sensor may transmit the permeable position, the water flow direction, and the water flow average flow rate to the main control computer 101 in the form of an optical signal, perform signal modulation and conversion in the main control computer 101, and then transmit the signals to the ground data center in real time through the coal mine downhole ring network, integrate the information into the downhole three-dimensional map, and visually display the mine permeable catastrophe information.
In summary, the method for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeation provided by the embodiment of the application can utilize an optical fiber sensing technology to acquire early disaster information of mine water permeation, adopts light waves with different frequencies as signal transmission carriers, and has the advantages of large communication capacity, long transmission distance, strong waterproof capability, easiness in laying and the like. And can effectively avoid the mine to permeate water and take place the back to the damage that causes power sensor, solve the difficult problem that the information of permeating water can't in time be surveyed and transmitted after the face electric power in pit breaks.
In addition, the monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the application can realize real-time monitoring of information such as the water permeating position, the water flow direction, the water flow rate and the like through calculation and processing of the optical wave signals. Compared with the temperature and the strain of the sensing optical fiber 102 calculated by the embodiment of the application in the prior art, the temperature and the strain of the sensing optical fiber 102 can be more accurate; the method has important significance for evaluating the cataclysm range and disaster grade of mine water permeation, improving the emergency rescue efficiency after disaster, and reducing casualties and economic loss of accidents.
The inventor also finds that when the roadway 103 is permeable to water, the generated accumulated water can easily cause the power supply failure of the power supply equipment of the main control machine 101. In view of this, the embodiment of the present application may further include a standby power supply connected to the master controller 101.
The standby power supply can be placed in an air inlet main roadway or an underground chamber with a high mine mining level, so that the critical equipment cannot be submerged by water flow in the early stage of mine water permeation. The standby power supply consists of a storage battery, a control relay and a waterproof shell. The storage battery is connected with the main control machine 101 through a control relay, and the storage battery and the control relay are arranged inside the waterproof shell.
When the power supply equipment of the main control machine 101 is powered off due to water permeation, the control relay can switch the power interface of the main control machine 101 to the storage battery, so that the storage battery can supply power to the main control machine 101 in an emergency.
The embodiment of the application further provides a system for accurately monitoring the mine water permeability catastrophe information in real time, which comprises a main control computer 101 and a sensing optical fiber 102 connected with the main control computer 101, wherein the main control computer 101 is used for executing the method for accurately monitoring the mine water permeability catastrophe information in real time.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, see fig. 6, where fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for implementing the method for accurately monitoring disaster information of mine water permeability in real time according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic apparatus 50 includes a processor (CPU, GPU, FPGA, etc.) 501, which can perform part or all of the processing in the embodiment shown in the above-described drawings according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 502 or a program loaded from a storage section 508 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 503. In the RAM503, various programs and data necessary for system operation are also stored. The processor 501, the ROM502, and the RAM503 are connected to each other by a bus 504. An input/output (I/O) interface 505 is also connected to bus 504.
The following components are connected to the I/O interface 505: an input portion 506 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output portion 507 including a display such as a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, and a speaker; a storage portion 508 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. The driver 510 is also connected to the I/O interface 505 as necessary. A removable medium 511 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on the drive 510 as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is mounted into the storage section 508 as necessary.
In particular, according to embodiments of the present application, the method described above with reference to the figures may be implemented as a computer software program. For example, embodiments of the present application include a computer program product comprising a computer program tangibly embodied on a medium readable thereby, the computer program comprising program code for performing the methods of the figures. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network through the communication section 509, and/or installed from the removable medium 511.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams may represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The units or modules described in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by software or hardware. The units or modules described may also be provided in a processor, and the names of the units or modules do not in some cases constitute a limitation of the units or modules themselves.
As another aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a computer-readable storage medium included in the system for real-time and accurate monitoring of mine water permeability catastrophe information in the above embodiment; or it may be a separate computer readable storage medium not incorporated into the device. The computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs for use by one or more processors in performing the method for real-time accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeability described in the present application.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The real-time accurate monitoring method for the mine water permeability catastrophe information is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a light wave signal transmitted to a master control machine by a sensing optical fiber, wherein the sensing optical fiber is arranged in a roadway;
acquiring Raman scattering light frequency shift quantity and Raman scattering light flux at ambient temperature according to the lightwave signal;
calculating the temperature of the part of the sensing optical fiber submerged by water according to the Raman scattering light frequency shift quantity, the Raman scattering light flux at the environment temperature and the Raman scattering light flux at the pre-acquired calibration temperature;
obtaining the temperature variation of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber according to the temperature of the unsubmerged part of the sensing optical fiber and the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber;
acquiring the strain variation of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber;
acquiring the length of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber;
and determining the permeable position according to the temperature variation, the strain variation and the length of the sensing optical fiber submerged by water.
2. The method for accurately monitoring the disaster information of the permeable mine in real time according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring the strain variation of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber comprises:
according to the pre-acquired strain value of the sensing optical fiber at the calibration temperature and the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber, eliminating the optical frequency shift error, and calculating to obtain the strain of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber;
and obtaining the strain variation of the sensing optical fiber according to the strain of the unsubmerged part of the sensing optical fiber and the strain of the drowned part of the sensing optical fiber.
3. The method for accurately monitoring the disaster information of the permeable mine in real time according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the length of the sensing optical fiber submerged by water comprises:
acquiring a start point and a stop point of the sensing optical fiber which are submerged;
acquiring a first distance between the starting point and an interface of a sensing optical fiber;
acquiring a second distance between the termination point and an interface of the sensing optical fiber;
and calculating the difference value of the first distance and the second distance to obtain the length of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber.
4. The method for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeability according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:
acquiring the strain fluctuation propagation direction on the sensing optical fiber, and determining the water flow direction according to the strain fluctuation propagation direction;
acquiring the average flow rate of water flow in a roadway;
and displaying water permeating catastrophe information according to the water permeating position, the water flow direction and the water flow average flow.
5. The method for accurately monitoring the disaster information of the permeable mines in real time according to claim 4, wherein the determining the current water flow direction according to the strain fluctuation propagation direction comprises:
and if the strain is gradually increased from the tail end of the sensing optical fiber and is gradually transmitted to the sensing optical fiber interface, judging that the water flow direction is opposite to the laser light wave incidence direction.
6. The method for accurately monitoring the disaster information of the permeable mines in real time according to claim 4, wherein the determining the current water flow direction according to the strain fluctuation propagation direction comprises:
if the strain is gradually reduced from the tail end of the sensing optical fiber and is gradually transmitted along the direction far away from the sensing optical fiber interface, the water flow direction is the same as the laser light wave incidence direction.
7. The method for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeability according to claim 4, wherein the obtaining of average flow rate of water flow in a roadway comprises:
acquiring the elevation of a roadway inlet, the elevation of a roadway head and the average sectional area of the roadway to determine the volume of effluent;
and calculating the ratio of the volume of the effluent to the sine value of the inclination angle of the roadway, and dividing the ratio by the time period of the water flow flowing from the head of the roadway to the inlet of the roadway to obtain the average flow.
8. The method for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeability according to claim 4, wherein the displaying of disaster information of water permeability comprises:
and integrating the water position, the water flow direction and the water flow average flow with an underground three-dimensional map to display the permeable catastrophe information.
9. The method for real-time and accurate monitoring of disaster information of mine water permeability according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the temperature of the submerged part of the sensing fiber comprises:
the temperature T of the submerged part of the sensing optical fiber is calculated by the following formula:
wherein h is Planck constant,. DELTA.v is Raman scattering light frequency shift amount, k is Boltzmann constant, and T is0For calibrating temperature constants, phi AS (T0) For calibrating the Raman scattered light flux at temperature, [ phi ] AS (T) is the Raman scattered light flux at ambient temperature.
10. The real-time accurate monitoring system for the mine water permeability catastrophe information is characterized by comprising a main control computer and a sensing optical fiber connected with the main control computer, wherein the main control computer is used for executing the real-time accurate monitoring method for the mine water permeability catastrophe information according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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