CN114672686B - Preparation method of additional nano-particle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of additional nano-particle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material metallurgy and casting, and particularly discloses a preparation method of an additional nanoparticle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the nano ceramic particles and the pure lithium powder, pressing the mixed powder into a prefabricated block, carrying out vacuum induction melting on the prefabricated block, stirring after completely melting, and obtaining a nano particle/Li-based composite material thin strip by using a strip spinning method; preparing a cast aluminum lithium alloy melt by vacuum melting, and adding a covering agent on the surface layer of the melt; carrying out ultrasonic vibration on the melt, and adding a composite thin strip into the melt during the ultrasonic vibration to completely melt and uniformly disperse the thin strip to obtain aluminum-lithium alloy slurry; and (3) rapidly pouring the aluminum lithium alloy slurry into a die, and performing rheological extrusion casting or die-casting forming to obtain the nano-particle reinforced cast aluminum lithium alloy. The method can obviously improve the quality of the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt while smoothly adding the nano particles and ensuring the dispersibility of the nano particles, and has simple process, strong operability and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material metallurgy and casting, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an additional nanoparticle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy.
Background
In recent years, cast aluminum lithium alloys have been receiving attention from many researchers because of problems such as severe anisotropy, low Li content, and difficulty in molding complex parts. However, cast aluminum lithium alloys often have large and coarse grains, serious composition segregation, and many defects such as pores and inclusions, so that the performance of the cast aluminum lithium alloys is difficult to meet the requirements of structural members on materials, and the application of the cast aluminum lithium alloys is limited.
Currently, two common methods of improving the properties of cast aluminum alloys are microalloying and the addition of second phase ceramic particles. The microalloying is limited by the types and contents of alloy elements, and the improvement range of the alloy performance is limited. The addition of second phase ceramic particles is generally used to prepare particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites, and the content of reinforcing particles tends to be high. The particle addition in the traditional aluminum matrix composite material is generally in the form of particle-containing master alloy or directly added into alloy melt (namely an addition method), or directly generates particles in matrix alloy melt through a mixed salt method, an alloy reaction and the like (namely an in-situ method), but the preparation process flow is relatively complex, the smelting temperature is higher, and the heat preservation time is longer. For the aluminum lithium alloy, li element is very active, and over high melting temperature and over long melting time can not only cause gas absorption oxidation and serious lithium loss, but also cause the phenomenon of agglomeration, upward floating or sinking of second-phase ceramic particles to be serious, and particularly, the addition of nano particles into the aluminum lithium alloy is more difficult, so that the mechanical property of the aluminum lithium alloy can not achieve the expected ideal effect. Chinese patent CN108998699A discloses aluminum lithium based composite material powder and preparation method and application thereof, KBF is prepared by mixing 4 、K 2 TiF 6 Adding the powder into an aluminum melt to perform in-situ reaction to generate TiB 2 And (3) granules. Meanwhile, chinese patent CN108998700A discloses an ultra-light high-modulus high-strength cast aluminum-lithium alloy-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein TiB is prepared by utilizing in-situ self-generated reaction 2 The Al base alloy is smelted together with other raw materials at 750-760 ℃ and then is formed by gravity casting to obtain the aluminum-lithium based composite material. However, these two approaches introduce TiB into the aluminum lithium alloy 2 Particle, mixed salt method to produce TiB 2 The reaction temperature of the particles is too high (more than 800 ℃), the process is difficult to control, and TiB is usually used 2 The particles are in the micron order, which causes serious air suction and oxidation, and the particles are seriously agglomerated and mostly aggregated at grain boundaries, so that the best tensile strength and elongation of the composite material after T6 heat treatment are only 450MPa and 2.5 percent, and TiB is seriously weakened 2 Strengthening effect of the particles. For the above reasons, there is a need for a preparation method which has higher operability and can complete the addition of nanoparticles at a lower temperature, and simultaneously ensure the uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of an additional nanoparticle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy, and aims to solve the problems of high smelting temperature, long heat preservation time, serious phenomena of gas absorption oxidation and lithium loss, serious phenomena of agglomeration, floating or sinking of ceramic particles, serious component segregation and the like in the existing method for introducing second-phase ceramic particles into the aluminum-lithium alloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of an additional nanoparticle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip and casting an aluminum-lithium alloy melt;
the nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip is obtained by uniformly mixing nano-ceramic particles and pure lithium powder, pressing mixed powder into a precast block, then carrying out vacuum induction melting on the precast block, stirring after the precast block is completely melted, and then utilizing a strip spinning method;
the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt is prepared by vacuum melting, and a covering agent is added on the surface layer of the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt;
s2, carrying out ultrasonic vibration treatment on the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt, and adding the nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip into the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt during the ultrasonic vibration treatment so as to completely melt and uniformly disperse the nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip to obtain aluminum lithium alloy slurry containing nano-particles;
and S3, rapidly pouring the aluminum lithium alloy slurry containing the nano particles into a die, and carrying out rheological extrusion casting or die-casting forming to obtain the nano particle reinforced cast aluminum lithium alloy.
Preferably, in step S1, the nano ceramic particles are SiC, tiN, al 2 O 3 、Li 3 N, alN and TiB 2 The average particle size of the nano ceramic particles is 30nm to 100nm, and the average particle size of the lithium powder is 30 mu m to 100 mu m.
Preferably, in the step S1, the mass fraction of the nano ceramic particles in the mixed powder is less than or equal to 30%.
Preferably, in step S1, the precast block is formed by cold pressing, and the pressing pressure is 10MPa to 100MPa.
Preferably, in the step S1, the melting temperature of the precast block is 200 to 300 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S1, the rotating speed of the turntable during the tape throwing process is 600rpm to 2800rpm.
Preferably, in step S1, the composition of the cast aluminum-lithium alloy includes, by mass: 0.6-3.5% Li, 2-5% Cu, 0.3-0.9% Mg, 0.3-0.8% Mn, 0-0.15% Zr, 0-0.15% Ti, and the balance Al.
Preferably, in step S2, the addition amount of the nano ceramic particles in the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt is 0.1wt% to 0.5wt%.
Preferably, in step S2, the ultrasonic vibration processing is direct ultrasonic vibration combined with indirect ultrasonic vibration, where the direct ultrasonic vibration is processing by directly inserting an ultrasonic tool head into the cast aluminum-lithium alloy melt, and the indirect ultrasonic vibration is processing by applying the ultrasonic tool head to the outer wall of the container containing the cast aluminum-lithium alloy melt.
Preferably, the ultrasonic vibration treatment conditions are as follows: the ultrasonic vibration temperature is 660-720 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration time is 1-10 min, the indirect ultrasonic power is 2-3 kW, the direct ultrasonic power is 2-3 kW, and the ultrasonic vibration is carried out under the protection of inert gas.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a method for adding nanoparticles into an aluminum-lithium alloy through a low-melting-point nanoparticle/Li-based parent metal thin strip on the basis of ensuring the dispersibility of the nanoparticles. According to the method, an aluminum lithium matrix alloy melt is prepared through a vacuum melting method, ultrasonic treatment is carried out on the aluminum lithium alloy melt by means of ultrasonic action, a low-melting-point nanoparticle/Li-based parent metal thin strip is added into the melt, and ultrasonic vibration can promote uniform dispersion of nanoparticles and accelerate melting of the thin strip. Meanwhile, the method can effectively avoid the problems of high smelting temperature, long heat preservation time, serious phenomena of air suction oxidation and lithium loss, serious phenomena of agglomeration, upward floating or sinking of ceramic particles, serious component segregation and the like.
(2) According to the invention, the mechanical stirring function of the vacuum arc-induction integrated furnace is utilized, so that nanoparticles in the melt can be effectively dispersed, and the high cooling speed during the strip throwing process is also beneficial to the uniform distribution of the nanoparticles in the base metal thin strip, so that the good pre-dispersion effect on the particle distribution in the subsequent aluminum-lithium alloy melt is achieved.
(3) Compared with the existing preparation method of the composite material, the method has the advantages that the step of adding second-phase nanoparticles or generating second-phase nanoparticles in the alloy smelting process is replaced by introducing the nanoparticles in the ultrasonic pulping process, the problems of poor nanoparticle introduction effect and low efficiency are solved, and meanwhile, the aluminum-lithium matrix alloy can be ensured to obtain a higher-quality melt under the conditions of lower smelting temperature, vacuum and protective gas environment.
(4) The ultrasonic vibration technology combining direct ultrasonic and indirect ultrasonic can realize the uniform distribution of nano particles and elements, and can remove residual gas in alloy melt to play a role in ultrasonic degassing; meanwhile, the ultrasonic temperature is lower, the time is shorter, so that high-quality aluminum lithium alloy slurry containing nano particles can be obtained, the serious loss of an ultrasonic tool head is avoided, and the as-cast state and heat treatment state performances of the alloy material can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation of an additional nanoparticle reinforced cast aluminum lithium alloy in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic vibration device used in the embodiment of the present invention, in which: 1-holding furnace; 2-sample cup; 3-transparent heat preservation cover plate; 4-direct ultrasonic amplitude transformer; 5-an indirect ultrasonic amplitude transformer; 6-a thermocouple; 7-nanoparticle/Li-based composite ribbons.
FIG. 3 is a 0.5wt.% nano-TiB at different magnifications in example 2 of the invention 2 SEM image of particle distribution of/Al-2 Li-2Cu composite melt water quenching sample.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the additional nanoparticle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip and casting an aluminum-lithium alloy melt;
the nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip is obtained by uniformly mixing nano-ceramic particles and pure lithium powder, pressing mixed powder into a precast block, then carrying out vacuum induction melting on the precast block, stirring after the precast block is completely melted, and then utilizing a strip spinning method;
the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt is prepared by vacuum melting, and a covering agent is added on the surface layer of the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt;
s2, carrying out ultrasonic vibration treatment on the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt, and adding the nanoparticle/Li-based composite material thin strip into the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt during the ultrasonic vibration treatment so as to completely melt and uniformly disperse the nanoparticle/Li-based composite material thin strip to obtain aluminum lithium alloy slurry containing nanoparticles;
and S3, rapidly pouring the aluminum lithium alloy slurry containing the nano particles into a die, and carrying out rheological extrusion casting or die-casting forming to obtain the nano particle reinforced cast aluminum lithium alloy.
Specifically, in step S1, the nano-ceramic particles include, but are not limited to, siC, tiN, al 2 O 3 、Li 3 N, alN and TiB 2 Preferably, the average particle size of the nano ceramic particles is 30nm to 100nm, the average particle size of the lithium powder is 30 mu m to 100 mu m, and the mass fraction of the nano ceramic particles in the mixed powder is less than or equal to 30%. If the content of the nano ceramic particles is too high, the uniform distribution of the nano particles in the composite material thin belt is not facilitated.
In some embodiments, the nano ceramic particles and the lithium powder are mixed by using a low-speed mixer with the rotation speed of 50-100 rpm, and the danger of explosion of the lithium powder caused by severe collision is prevented without excessively high rotation speed.
Considering that the lithium powder has active chemical properties, the mixed powder is pressed into a precast block with the diameter of 30-60 mm and the height of 10-60 mm by a cold pressing device and a die under the pressure of 10-100 MPa.
And putting the precast block into a vacuum induction-arc melting integrated furnace for melting, wherein the temperature of the vacuum induction melting is 200-300 ℃. And after the precast block is completely melted, fully stirring the melt by utilizing the mechanical stirring function of the smelting furnace to promote the dispersion of the nano ceramic particles, wherein the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm.
The melt-spinning method has the typical characteristic of rapid solidification, and the nano ceramic particles can be added into the Li melt by the melt-spinning method, so that a nano enhanced phase segregation zone is not easily formed, the nano particles are uniformly distributed, and the particle distribution in subsequent slurry is well pre-dispersed. Specifically, a melt of the prefabricated block containing the nano particles is subjected to melt spinning by using a melt spinning machine and an inert gas through a nozzle, and the melt is subjected to melt spinning on a rotating copper roller and quenched to obtain a nano particle/Li-based composite material thin strip. The rotating speed of the copper roller is 600 rpm-2800 rpm in the strip throwing process, and the thickness of the obtained thin strip is 10 mu m-100 mu m.
The method for adding the nano particles into the cast aluminum-lithium alloy has no special limitation on the components of the cast aluminum-lithium alloy. In some embodiments, the elemental composition of the alloy comprises, in mass percent, 0.6% to 3.5% Li,2% to 5% Cu,0.3% to 0.9% Mg,0.3% to 0.8% Mn,0 to 0.15% Zr,0 to 0.15% Ti, and the balance Al. The operation of preparing the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt is as follows: preparing other alloy raw materials except the nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip according to the components of the cast aluminum-lithium alloy, wherein the alloy raw materials comprise Al-10Li, al-5Ti-B, al-10Mn, al-10Zr intermediate alloy blocks, pure Al, mg blocks, cu wires and the like, and placing the raw materials into a vacuum melting furnace for melting, wherein the melting temperature is 700-750 ℃, so as to form an Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Mn alloy melt. The covering agent is added on the surface of the melt, so that the air can be effectively isolated, the reaction with oxygen, water vapor and the like in the air is prevented, the hydrogen content in the aluminum-lithium alloy melt is effectively reduced, and the problem of oxidation slagging is solved. The covering agent used in the present invention may be a commercially available covering agent dedicated to aluminum lithium alloys, such as a mixed flux of LiCl and LiF.
Specifically, in step S2, the nanoparticles are added to the aluminum-lithium alloy by using ultrasonic vibration to assist the nanoparticles/Li-based composite material ribbon to be directly added to the cast aluminum-lithium alloy melt. When ultrasonic vibration is applied, ultrasonic treatment is carried out on the melt, and the nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin belt is added at the same time, so that uniform dispersion of nano-particles can be promoted, and melting of the thin belt is accelerated. In the embodiment, the ultrasonic vibration treatment is preferably combined action of direct ultrasonic vibration and indirect ultrasonic vibration, and the treatment effect is better. As shown in fig. 2, the ultrasonic vibration device includes a holding furnace 1, a sample cup 2 disposed in the holding furnace 1 and used for containing an aluminum-lithium alloy melt, a transparent heat-preserving cover plate 3 covering the sample cup 2, a direct ultrasonic amplitude transformer 4 penetrating through the transparent heat-preserving cover plate 3 and inserted into the sample cup 2, an indirect ultrasonic amplitude transformer 5 disposed outside the sample cup 2 and used for performing indirect ultrasonic vibration on the melt, and a thermocouple 6 disposed in the sample cup 2 and used for measuring the temperature of the melt, wherein an air inlet pipe is connected to the top of the sample cup 2 and used for introducing a protective gas into the sample cup, and the ultrasonic vibration device can promote accelerated melting of a nanoparticle/Li-based composite material thin strip 7. Preferably, the diameter of the indirect ultrasonic horn 5 is equal to the diameter of the bottom surface of the sample cup 2, which is beneficial to uniformly vibrate the whole melt in the sample cup 2.
In some embodiments, the ultrasonic vibration conditions are: the ultrasonic vibration temperature is 660-720 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration time is 1-10 min, the indirect ultrasonic power is 2-3 kW, the direct ultrasonic power is 2-3 kW, the whole ultrasonic vibration process is carried out under the protection of inert gas, and the inert gas is preferably high-purity argon gas.
In some embodiments, the amount of the nanoceramic particles added in the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt is between 0.1wt% and 0.5wt%.
The above technical solution is described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The cast aluminum-lithium alloy of the embodiment comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 0.6% Li, 5% cu,0.3% mg, 0.5% mn, 0.15% ti, balance Al, the particles in the nanoparticle/Li-based parent metal ribbon are added SiC particles, the nanoparticle content in the alloy is 0.1wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the proportion that the content of SiC particles is 20 percent, siC particles with the average particle size of 50nm and pure lithium powder with the average particle size of 30 mu m are weighed and evenly mixed by a mixer with the rotating speed of 80 rpm. And pressing the mixed powder into a plurality of prefabricated blocks with the diameter of 30mm and the height of 30mm by adopting a die and a cold pressing device, wherein the pressing pressure is 50MPa.
(2) And (3) putting the precast block into a vacuum induction-arc melting integrated furnace for melting, mechanically stirring and dispersing the nano particles, and then obtaining the SiC/Li thin band by a strip throwing method. Wherein the induction melting temperature is 250 ℃, the stirring speed is 150rpm, the turntable speed is 2500rpm in the strip throwing process, and the thickness of the thin strip is 30-40 mu m.
(3) Other alloy raw materials are placed in a vacuum well type furnace for melting, and the temperature is 700-750 ℃. And after the alloy is completely melted, adding dried covering agent sold in the market into the surface layer of the melt.
(4) And (3) utilizing the ultrasonic vibration device shown in FIG. 2 to assist the nano SiC/Li base material thin strip to be directly added into the melt to realize the addition of the nano SiC particles in the aluminum lithium alloy. And when ultrasonic vibration is applied to the melt, simultaneously adding the SiC/Li thin strip into the melt to completely melt and uniformly disperse the SiC/Li thin strip to obtain the aluminum-lithium alloy slurry containing the dispersed nano SiC particles. The ultrasonic treatment temperature is 680-700 ℃, the ultrasonic time is 3min, the indirect ultrasonic power is 2.5kW, the direct ultrasonic power is 2.5kW, and the whole ultrasonic process is carried out under the protection of argon.
(5) And rapidly pouring the SiC/Al-5Cu-0.6Li composite melt into a die, and performing rheological extrusion casting to prepare a cast aluminum-lithium alloy sample containing nano SiC particles.
Example 2
The cast aluminum-lithium alloy of the embodiment comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 2% Li,2% Cu, 0.8% Mg, 0.8% Mn, 0.15% Zr, the balance Al, the particles in the nanoparticle/Li-based matrix strip being additional TiB 2 Particles, the amount of nanoparticles in the alloy was 0.5wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Press TiB 2 The proportion of the particle content is 25 percent, and TiB with the average particle size of 50nm is weighed 2 The particles and pure lithium powder having an average particle size of 30 μm were mixed uniformly by a mixer at a rotation speed of 100 rpm. And pressing the mixed powder into a plurality of prefabricated blocks with the diameter of 30mm and the height of 30mm by adopting a die and a cold pressing device, wherein the pressing pressure is 50MPa.
(2) And (3) putting the precast block into a vacuum induction-arc melting integrated furnace for melting, mechanically stirring and dispersing the nano particles, and then obtaining the TiB2/Li thin strip by a strip throwing method. Wherein the induction melting temperature is 250 ℃, the stirring speed is 200rpm, the turntable speed is 2500rpm in the strip throwing process, and the thickness of the thin strip is 30-40 μm.
(3) Other alloy raw materials are placed in a vacuum well type furnace to be melted, and the temperature is 700-750 ℃. After the alloy is completely melted, adding dried covering agent sold in the market on the surface layer of the melt.
(4) The ultrasonic vibration device shown in FIG. 2 is used for assisting the nano TiB 2 Method for realizing nano TiB in aluminum-lithium alloy by directly adding Li parent metal thin strip into melt 2 And (4) adding particles. While applying ultrasonic vibration to the melt, adding TiB to the melt 2 Li ribbon is completely melted and uniformly dispersed to obtain the productDispersed nano TiB 2 A particulate aluminum lithium alloy slurry. The ultrasonic treatment temperature is 680-700 ℃, the ultrasonic time is 8min, the indirect ultrasonic power is 2.8kW, the direct ultrasonic power is 2.8kW, and the whole ultrasonic process is carried out under the protection of argon.
(5) Mixing TiB 2 the/Al-2 Li-2Cu composite melt is rapidly poured into a die and is subjected to rheological extrusion casting to prepare the nano TiB 2 Samples of cast aluminum lithium alloys of the particles. The microstructure of the alloy sample is shown in FIG. 3.
Example 3
The cast aluminum-lithium alloy of the embodiment comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 3.5% Li, 2.5% Cu, 0.9% Mg,0.3% by weight Mn, 0.15% Zr, the balance Al, the particles in the nanoparticle/Li-based base material thin strip are additional SiC + TiB 2 Particles, the amount of nanoparticles in the alloy was 0.3wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to SiC + TiB 2 The grain content is 30 percent, and SiC and TiB with the average grain diameter of 50nm are weighed 2 The particles and pure lithium powder having an average particle size of 30 μm were mixed uniformly by a mixer rotating at 100 rpm. And pressing the mixed powder into a plurality of prefabricated blocks with the diameter of 30mm and the height of 30mm by adopting a die and a cold pressing device, wherein the pressing pressure is 50MPa.
(2) Placing the precast block into a vacuum induction-arc melting integrated furnace for melting, mechanically stirring and dispersing nano particles, and then obtaining SiC + TiB by a melt-spun method 2 a/Li ribbon. Wherein the induction melting temperature is 250 ℃, the stirring speed is 200rpm, the rotating disc speed is 2500rpm in the melt spinning process, and the thickness of the thin strip is 30-40 μm.
(3) Other alloy raw materials are placed in a vacuum well type furnace to be melted, and the temperature is 700-750 ℃. After the alloy is completely melted, adding dried covering agent sold in the market on the surface layer of the melt.
(4) Nano SiC + TiB assisted by ultrasonic vibration device shown in figure 2 2 Method for directly adding Li parent metal thin strip into melt to realize nano SiC + TiB in aluminum lithium alloy 2 And (4) adding particles. While applying ultrasonic vibration to the melt, simultaneously adding SiC + TiB to the melt 2 Li ribbon to make it completely moltenDissolving and uniformly dispersing to obtain the dispersion-containing nano SiC + TiB 2 A slurry of particulate aluminum lithium alloy. The ultrasonic treatment temperature is 680-700 ℃, the ultrasonic time is 10min, the indirect ultrasonic power is 2.8kW, the direct ultrasonic power is 2.8kW, and the whole ultrasonic process is carried out under the protection of argon.
(5) Mixing SiC + TiB 2 The composite melt of Al-3.5Li-2.5Cu is poured into a die quickly and is subjected to die-casting forming to prepare the composite melt containing nano SiC and TiB 2 A cast aluminum lithium alloy part of the particle.
Table 1 shows the composition of the cast aluminum lithium alloy material prepared in different examples and the as-cast tensile mechanical properties and T6 heat-treated tensile mechanical properties (tensile strength, yield strength and elongation). The result shows that the cast aluminum-lithium alloy containing the nano particles has higher strength and good toughness, and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the as-cast state and the T6 state of the cast aluminum-lithium alloy are higher than those of the existing particle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy composite material.
TABLE 1 compositions of cast Al-Li alloy materials prepared in different examples and their mechanical property test results
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of an additional nanoparticle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip and casting an aluminum-lithium alloy melt;
wherein the nanoparticlesthe/Li-based composite material thin strip is obtained by uniformly mixing nano ceramic particles and pure lithium powder, pressing mixed powder into a precast block, then carrying out vacuum induction melting on the precast block, stirring after the precast block is completely melted, and then utilizing a strip spinning method; the nano ceramic particles are SiC, tiN and Al 2 O 3 、Li 3 N, alN and TiB 2 One or more particles of (a);
the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt is prepared by vacuum melting, and a covering agent is added on the surface layer of the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt; the cast aluminum lithium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.6-3.5% Li, 2-5% Cu, 0.3-0.9% Mg, 0.3-0.8% Mn, 0-0.15% Zr, 0-0.15% Ti, the balance being Al;
s2, carrying out ultrasonic vibration treatment on the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt, and adding the nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip into the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt during the ultrasonic vibration treatment so as to completely melt and uniformly disperse the nano-particle/Li-based composite material thin strip to obtain aluminum lithium alloy slurry containing nano-particles;
and S3, rapidly pouring the aluminum lithium alloy slurry containing the nano particles into a die, and carrying out rheological extrusion casting or die-casting forming to obtain the nano particle reinforced cast aluminum lithium alloy.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the additional nanoparticles are added to enhance the cast aluminum lithium alloy, and the method comprises the following steps: in step S1, the average particle size of the nano ceramic particles is 30 nm-100 nm, and the average particle size of the lithium powder is 30 μm-100 μm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the additional nanoparticles are added to enhance the cast aluminum lithium alloy, and the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the mass fraction of the nano ceramic particles in the mixed powder is less than or equal to 30%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the additional nanoparticles are added to enhance the cast aluminum lithium alloy, and the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the precast block is formed by cold pressing, and the pressing pressure is 10 MPa-100 MPa.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the additional nanoparticles are added to enhance the cast aluminum lithium alloy, and the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the smelting temperature of the precast block is 200-300 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the additional nanoparticles are added to enhance the cast aluminum lithium alloy, and the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the rotating speed of the rotating disc is 600 rpm-2800 rpm in the melt-spinning process.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the additional nanoparticles are added to enhance the cast aluminum lithium alloy, and the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the addition amount of the nano ceramic particles in the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt is 0.1wt% -0.5 wt%.
8. The method of making an additional nanoparticle reinforced cast aluminum lithium alloy as recited in any of claims 1-7, wherein: in the step S2, the ultrasonic vibration treatment is direct ultrasonic vibration combined with indirect ultrasonic vibration, the direct ultrasonic vibration is to directly insert an ultrasonic tool head into the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt for treatment, and the indirect ultrasonic vibration is to act the ultrasonic tool head on the outer wall of a container containing the cast aluminum lithium alloy melt for treatment.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the ultrasonic vibration treatment is performed under the following conditions: the ultrasonic vibration temperature is 660-720 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration time is 1-10 min, the indirect ultrasonic power is 2-3 kW, the direct ultrasonic power is 2-3 kW, and the ultrasonic vibration is carried out under the protection of inert gas.
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