CN108998700A - Ultralight high-module high-strength casts aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultralight high-module high-strength casts aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108998700A CN108998700A CN201810854570.5A CN201810854570A CN108998700A CN 108998700 A CN108998700 A CN 108998700A CN 201810854570 A CN201810854570 A CN 201810854570A CN 108998700 A CN108998700 A CN 108998700A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0073—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only borides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof, and the aluminium lithium based composites include matrix alloy and reinforced phase；Described matrix alloy includes each element of following mass percentage content: Li 2.5~3.5%, Cu 1~2.5%, Mg 0.4~0.5%, Sc 0.15~0.2%, Zr 0.15~0.2%, Cd 0~0.2%, impurity element total content are less than 0.2% and surplus is Al；The reinforced phase is TiB2.The preparation method includes: to react preparation TiB using in-situ authigenic2/ Al base material alloy；Then by TiB2The intermediate alloys melting such as/Al base material alloy, fine aluminium and Al-Cu, Al-Li obtains composite material, then through specific solid solution, ageing treatment to get.Composite material of the present invention has higher intensity and elasticity modulus and lower density, while cost is less expensive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to class of metal materials and field of metallurgy, and in particular, to a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium
Based composites and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
The rapid development of aerospace field proposes higher want to the specific strength, specific stiffness and damage tolerance of material
It asks, further mitigates Aerospace Products architecture quality, improves the key subjects that its comprehensive mechanical property has become the field.
One of ideal material is are as follows: aluminium lithium alloy.The lithium metallic element most light as nature, density only have 0.53g/cm3,
Only the 1/5 of aluminium；Therefore elemental lithium also becomes the metallic element for realizing that aluminium alloy element loss of weight is maximally efficient.Studies have shown that
The lithium of every addition 1%wt.%, can make alloy density reduce about 3% in aluminium alloy, and elasticity modulus improves about 6%, and alloy
It works well in solid solution and timeliness after-hardening.Wherein, deformation aluminium lithium alloy intensity with higher and plasticity are widely used in
Aerospace field, however since there are inevitable short slabs for deformable material: anisotropy is serious, and Li content is lower, cannot
The loss of weight effect of Li is given full play to, and is limited by part shape, the method that certain complex components can only use casting and forming
Production, therefore, in recent years gradually rises the research of Casting Al-Li Alloy.Currently, it is relevant to Casting Al-Li Alloy research compared with
It is few.Shanghai Communications University's Chen An great waves et al. have studied influence of the alloying element to Casting Al-Li Alloy performance, and have developed one
The more excellent Al-3Li-2Cu-0.3Mn-0.2Zr-0.2Sc alloy of kind performance, but its yield strength is only 300Mpa, seriously
Constrain the further genralrlization application of Casting Al-Li Alloy.
The another kind of material for obtaining extensive concern in aerospace field is ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material, this kind of
It is swollen that material shows low-density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, high elastic modulus, good abrasion resistance, high heat conductance and low heat
The excellent properties such as swollen coefficient.In conjunction with the two kinds of approach (addition Li element and ceramic particle) for improving material property, closed by aluminium lithium
Gold is reinforced with the mutual supplement with each other's advantages of aluminum matrix composite, advantage, it has been developed that ceramic particle enhances aluminium lithium based composites.But
It is that in traditional composite material, reinforcement often prepares before composite material is cast, therefore traditional composite material can be described as
Ex situ (ex situ) composite material.Thus the size of reinforced phase and pattern depend on initial powder in ex situ composite material
State, the scale of the partial size of these powder is usually several microns to tens microns, nanoscale seldom occurs.Furthermore, it is necessary to gram
The major defect of clothes further includes, interfacial reaction between particle and matrix and because additional particle surface contamination caused by particle with
Wetability difference between matrix etc..It needs to overcome the problems, such as in ex situ production method at present many.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, used herein in order to overcome the problems in ex situ production method
Aluminium lithium based composites mainly by in-situ authigenic (in situ) method produce, compared with traditional ex situ production method
Compared with the composite material exhibits of in-situ authigenic method preparation go out following advantage, and (a) in-situ authigenic enhances particle, and thermodynamics is steady in the base
It is qualitative good, slow down degeneration of material during high-temperature service；(b) contact interface of reinforcement and matrix is neatly clean, makes
Interface cohesion is more stable；(c) in-situ authigenic can prepare micro/nano-scale particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material and particle in the base
Distribution it is more uniform, obtain the comprehensive performance of composite material more preferably.Secondly, TiB2With high rigidity, high-modulus, chemical stabilization
The advantages that；The ceramic particle in aluminum matrix composite for using in-situ authigenic method to prepare is submicron order, shape rounding, with boundary
Face is well combined.Therefore, the fabricated in situ nano-ceramic particle in aluminium lithium alloy, elasticity modulus, yield strength and compression are micro-
The mechanical properties such as creep resistance are expected to be largely increased on the basis of aluminium lithium alloy.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.It is logical
Addition alloy element (Li, Cu, Mg, Sc, Zr, Cd) and subsequent fixation rates are crossed, excellent in mechanical performance is obtained
Casting aluminium lithium based composites, which has elasticity modulus more higher than matrix aluminium lithium alloy and higher intensity,
Technological operation is simple, at low cost, suitable for mass production.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites, the aluminium lithium base is multiple
Condensation material includes matrix alloy and the reinforced phase that is distributed in described matrix alloy；To account for the gross weight of the aluminium lithium based composites
Meter, described matrix alloy include each element of following mass percentage content: Li 2.5~3.5%, Cu 1~2.5%, Mg
0.4~0.5%, Sc 0.15~0.2%, Zr 0.15~0.2%, Cd 0~0.2%, impurity element total content are less than 0.2%
And surplus is Al；The reinforced phase is TiB2。
Preferably, to account for the total weight of the aluminium lithium based composites, described matrix alloy includes following quality percentage
Than each element of content: Li 2.5~3.5%, Cu 1~2%, Mg 0.4~0.5%, Sc 0.15~0.2%, Zr 0.15~
0.2%, Cd 0.1~0.2%, impurity element total content are less than 0.2% and surplus is Al.
Li is the minimum metal of nature density, and selecting Li is the density that the purpose of main alloying element is reduction material
And the rigidity of material is improved, while ag(e)ing process plays the role of precipitation strength；Cu element is main Precipitation hardening constituent T1
(Al2CuLi)、θ(Al2Cu component).Microelement Sc, Zr, Cd is added, main function is refinement crystal grain, improves material
Plasticity, can also be in Stages of Aging and Al3Li forms Al3(Scx, Zry, Li1-x-y) compound particle, improve the mechanical property of material
Energy.In addition, although Mn is a kind of potential element that can improve aluminium lithium alloy plasticity, Al-Li-Cu alloy homogenization is precipitated
Al20Cu2Mn3 disperse phase inevitably consumes the Cu element in aluminum substrate, reduce alloy aging hardening constituent T1-Al2CuLi and
The precipitation of θ-Al2Cu, to reduce alloy strength.Furthermore just stiff crisp after Mn constituent content is more than certain value
Al20Cu2Mn3 can be formed in crystal boundary intersection, seriously damage alloy mechanical property.
Preferably, the impurity element includes one of Fe, Si, K and Na or a variety of.
Preferably, the TiB2Content in aluminium lithium based composites is 1~15wt% (relative to aluminium lithium base composite wood
For material).If content is too low (being lower than 1wt%), it is difficult to play effective Strengthening and Toughening effect；If too high levels (are higher than
15wt%), then alloy plasticity can be seriously damaged, and increases difficulty to preparation process.
Second aspect, the present invention provide a kind of preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites, packet
Include following steps:
S1, preparation TiB is reacted by in-situ authigenic2/ Al base material alloy, as raw material for standby；
S2, proportionally (according to the composition and each stoichiometric ratio that forms of aluminium lithium based composites) Al-Cu is weighed
Intermediate alloy, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-Li intermediate alloy, Al-Sc intermediate alloy, Al-Zr intermediate alloy, the centre Al-Cd are closed
Gold, TiB2/ Al base material alloy and fine aluminium；
S3, by the TiB2/ Al base material alloy and fine aluminium, which are put into crucible, to be melted, under the conditions of 750~760 DEG C (if
Temperature is lower, then will lead to intermediate alloy fusing it is insufficient, primary phase is coarse；If temperature is excessively high, scaling loss can be aggravated, to rear
Continuous melting casting brings difficulty), sequentially add Al-Cu intermediate alloy, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-Zr intermediate alloy, in Al-Sc
Between alloy, Al-Cd intermediate alloy, fusing completely after, stir evenly and be uniformly sprinkled into coverture in bath surface；
S4, Al-Li intermediate alloy is added under protective atmosphere in the melt obtained after step S3 processing, to completely molten
After change, takes surface scum off and be sprinkled into coverture, stir evenly；
S5, gained melt it will be refined, be stood after step S4 processing, and be then cast in mold and obtain casting.
Preferably, the preparation method further includes carrying out double_stage guide processing to the resulting casting of step S5.
Preferably, the double_stage guide processing includes first carrying out first order solution treatment, then carries out second level solid solution again
Processing；Wherein, first order solution treatment is 460~500 DEG C of solution treatment 32h, and second level solution treatment is 520~540 DEG C solid
It is molten for 24 hours.460~500 DEG C of solution treatment 32h are (main in order to eliminate the second coarse phase being precipitated in nonequilibrium solidification process
For Al2Cu and Al2CuLi), if temperature is lower than the temperature range, not only extend solution time and cannot get preferable solid solution effect；
If temperature is higher than the temperature range, burn-off phenomenon will lead to, greatly damage the performance of material.Based on the material have compared with
High content of solute, in order to improve the degree of supersaturation of solid solution to the maximum extent, the present invention selects 520~540 DEG C of solid solutions
It is used as second level solution treatment for 24 hours, likewise, temperature cannot obtain higher degree of supersaturation lower than the temperature range, temperature is high
It then will lead to burning in the temperature range.
Preferably, the preparation method further includes carrying out single-stage after carrying out double_stage guide processing to the resulting casting of step S5
Ageing treatment.
Preferably, the condition of the single-stage aging processing is that 24~32h is handled at 170~190 DEG C.Aluminium lithium based composites
It is ageing strengthening type, mechanical property is affected by aging technique.When aging temp is lower, reach identical mechanical property when
Between it is long many under higher temperatures, increase time and economic cost, when aging temp is higher, nanometer precipitated phase is unevenly distributed, and pole
Easily roughening, damages the plasticity of material.And long-time timeliness at a temperature of 170~190 DEG C, not only increase time and economic cost, and
And promote the appearance of precipitate free zone, lead to the premature failure of material.
Preferably, in step S3, the Al-Cu intermediate alloy amount containing Cu is 49~50wt%, the Al-Li intermediate alloy
Amount containing Li is 9~11wt%, and the Al-Mg intermediate alloy amount containing Mg is 8.9~10.6wt%, and the Al-Zr intermediate alloy contains
Zr amount is 4~5wt%, and containing the Sc amount of Al-Sc intermediate alloy is 2~3wt%, the Al-Cd intermediate alloy amount containing Cd for 9~
10wt%.
Preferably, in step S3 and step S4, the coverture includes the LiCl and LiF that mass ratio is 3:1.Aluminium lithium alloy
Use coverture for the mixture of LiCl and LiF, in fusion process, coverture is melted in bath surface, and the coverture of fusing exists
Bath surface formed layer protecting film, by melt in air oxygen and aqueous vapor separate, to prevent melt and oxygen and water
The reaction of gas.
Preferably, in step S4, the protective atmosphere is argon gas.
Preferably, in step S5, the refining includes not powering off to use C2Cl6Or argon gas refines 5~8 minutes；The standing
Time is 3~5 minutes；The casting is previously heated to 180~200 DEG C using steel die.The casting process uses argon gas
Protection.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) present invention has been effectively combined melt-growth in situ and has prepared micro-nano particle reinforced and lightweight
The advantage of high-module high-strength aluminium lithium alloy.The aluminum-base composite material of micro-nano granules enhancing is prepared by the method for melt-growth in situ
The advantages of material base material further prepares aluminium lithium based composites, and resulting materials have both the two.
(2) be added microelement Sc, Zr, Cd, main function be refinement crystal grain, improve the plasticity of material, can also when
Effect stage and Al3Li forms Al3(Scx, Zry, Li1-x-y) compound particle, improve the mechanical property of material.
(3) component for optimizing material, by adjusting the mass fraction of enhancing particle and to Li, Cu, Mg, Sc, Zr, Cd
The research of the equal various different component proportions of alloying elements obtains preferred embodiment.
(4) melting uses the duplicate protection of flux and argon gas, and casting process is protected using argon gas, greatly reduces material
Suction hydrogen and oxidation, improve the mechanical property of material.
(5) in the present invention, micro-nano ceramics enhancing particle is introduced into aluminium lithium alloy, can also play the work of refinement crystal grain
With the thinning effect of more traditional fining agent becomes apparent, and plays the role of refined crystalline strengthening, and reduce costs.
(6) solid solution to material under different temperatures and time and ag(e)ing behavio(u)r have carried out systematic research, have obtained excellent
The solution treatment and ageing treatment scheme of choosing, obtain maximum solution strengthening and ageing strengthening effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the micrograph that Ultralight high-module high-strength casts aluminium lithium based composites in embodiment 1；Wherein, Fig. 1 a is
The microscopic metallographic structure photo of lithium based composites, amplification factor 200x；Fig. 1 b is the microcosmic scanning of aluminium lithium based composites
Electron microscope；The upper right illustration of Fig. 1 b is that nanoscale ceramics enhance particle microscopic appearance figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several changes and improvements can also be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is related to a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation
Method specifically:
It is reacted first by in-situ authigenic fused salt and TiB is made2/ Al base material, the specific steps are as follows: fine aluminium is as matrix material
Material, NaBF4And Na2TiF6As reaction salt-mixture, and it is aided with Na3AlF6、LiF3、LiCl3Make reaction promoter, proportion is 2:1:
1, total amount is react salt-mixture 10%, and reaction promoter is added 760 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 30min；Rotary blowing argon gas imposes
Stirring, rotor speed 300r/min, argon flow 10L/min；Pulsed magnetic field intensity is controlled in 1.5T, high-energy ultrasonic field intensity control
System is in 200W/m2, it is prepared into TiB2In-sltu reinforcement fine aluminium composite material.
Then, by base material, fine aluminium, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-Cu intermediate alloy, 200 DEG C or so are preheating to, then will
TiB2/ Al base material and fine aluminium, which are put into molybdenum crucible, to be melted.After aluminum ingot melting, in 750~760 DEG C of addition Al-Cu intermediate alloys, etc.
After temperature of aluminum liquid is raised to 750~760 DEG C again, Al-Mg intermediate alloy is added in molten aluminum, is kept the temperature after temperature is stablized
5min.After heat preservation, Al-Zr intermediate alloy and Al-Sc intermediate alloy are sequentially added at 750~760 DEG C, is melted completely to it
After stir evenly and be sprinkled into coverture (3:1=LiCl:LiF) to bath surface.Then, by Al-Li under argon gas protection environment
Melt is added in intermediate alloy, stirs evenly until completely melted, takes surface scum off and be sprinkled into coverture.Temperature reduction fusion
To after 730~740 DEG C, under protection of argon gas in two times by C2Cl6Refining agent refines melt, refines 5~8 minutes, refining
After take off removing dross and be sprinkled into coverture, cool to 710~720 DEG C, stand 5min.Bath surface is removed after standing to cover
Melt is cast in the mold for be preheated to 200 DEG C obtains casting under protection of argon gas by lid agent.
To composite castings carry out solution treatment, the solid solution treatment process be 460 DEG C/32h+520 DEG C/for 24 hours, last water
It quenches to obtain obtaining solid solution state material.It is (wt%) through chemical analysis material composition:
| Li | Cu | Mg | Sc | Zr | Cd | Ti | B | Al |
| 3.02 | 1.47 | 0.46 | 0.16 | 0.18 | — | 4.23 | 1.98 | Surplus |
Wherein, TiB2Content in aluminium lithium based composites is 6.14wt%.
The casting aluminium lithium based composites are dissolved state room-temperature mechanical property, elasticity modulus and density are as follows:
Tensile strength: 332Mpa, yield strength: 191Mpa, elongation percentage: 8%；
Elasticity modulus: 91.2Gpa, density: 2.59g/cm3。
It is 87% that Li, which obtains recovery rate,.
Fig. 1 is the micrograph that the present embodiment Ultralight high-module high-strength casts aluminium lithium based composites, can be with from Fig. 1 a
Find out the basic nodularization of Al-Cu-Li-x alloy substrate α-Al dendrite；In addition, part is solidified forward position repulsion to dendrite gap
TiB2Particle, which can grow up to matrix grain, plays inhibition, therefore can refine matrix to a certain extent, average crystalline substance
Particle size is 45 μm or so.Fig. 1 b shows the spatial distribution and typical case's pattern of enhancing particle, and most of particle aggregation is in crystal boundary
Place, particle size are differed from several nanometers to hundreds of nanometers, and shape is mostly four directions and isometric hexagon.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation
Method specifically:
It is reacted first by in-situ authigenic fused salt and TiB is made2/ Al base material, by base material, fine aluminium, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-
Cu intermediate alloy is preheating to 200 DEG C or so, then by TiB2/ Al base material and fine aluminium, which are put into molybdenum crucible, to be melted.Aluminum ingot melting
Afterwards, in 750~760 DEG C of addition Al-Cu intermediate alloys, after waiting temperature of aluminum liquid to be raised to 750~760 DEG C again, among Al-Mg
Alloy is added in molten aluminum, keeps the temperature 5min after temperature is stablized.After heat preservation, sequentially added at 750~760 DEG C Al-Zr,
Al-Sc, Al-Cd intermediate alloy, after its completely melt after stir evenly and to bath surface be sprinkled into coverture (3:1=LiCl:
LiF).Then, melt is added in Al-Li intermediate alloy under argon gas protection environment, stirs evenly until completely melted, takes table off
Face dross is simultaneously sprinkled into coverture.Temperature reduction fusion is to after 730~740 DEG C, under protection of argon gas in two times by C2Cl6Refining
Agent refines melt, refines 5~8 minutes, removing dross is taken off after refining and is sprinkled into coverture, cools to 710~720
DEG C, stand 5min.Bath surface coverture is removed after standing, melt is cast to is preheated to 200 DEG C under protection of argon gas
Mold obtain casting.
To composite castings carry out solution treatment, the solid solution treatment process be 480 DEG C/32h+535 DEG C/for 24 hours, last water
It quenches to obtain obtaining solid solution state material.It is (wt%) through chemical analysis material composition:
| Li | Cu | Mg | Sc | Zr | Cd | Ti | B | Al |
| 3.08 | 1.54 | 0.46 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 4.34 | 2.01 | Surplus |
Wherein, TiB2Content in aluminium lithium based composites is 6.3wt%.
The casting aluminium lithium based composites are dissolved state room-temperature mechanical property, elasticity modulus and density are as follows:
Tensile strength: 357Mpa, yield strength: 235Mpa, elongation percentage: 7.2%；
Elasticity modulus: 90.8Gpa, density: 2.63g/cm3。
It is 83% that Li, which obtains recovery rate,.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation
Method specifically:
It is reacted first by in-situ authigenic fused salt and TiB is made2/ Al base material, by base material, fine aluminium, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-
Cu intermediate alloy is preheating to 200 DEG C or so, then by TiB2/ Al base material and fine aluminium, which are put into molybdenum crucible, to be melted.Aluminum ingot melting
Afterwards, in 750~760 DEG C of addition Al-Cu intermediate alloys, after waiting temperature of aluminum liquid to be raised to 750~760 DEG C again, among Al-Mg
Alloy is added in molten aluminum, keeps the temperature 5min after temperature is stablized.After heat preservation, sequentially added at 750~760 DEG C Al-Zr,
Al-Sc, Al-Cd intermediate alloy, after its completely melt after stir evenly and to bath surface be sprinkled into coverture (3:1=LiCl:
LiF).Then, melt is added in Al-Li intermediate alloy under argon gas protection environment, stirs evenly until completely melted, takes table off
Face dross is simultaneously sprinkled into coverture.Temperature reduction fusion is to after 730~740 DEG C, under protection of argon gas in two times by C2Cl6Refining
Agent refines melt, refines 5~8 minutes, removing dross is taken off after refining and is sprinkled into coverture, cools to 710~720
DEG C, stand 5min.Bath surface coverture is removed after standing, melt is cast to is preheated to 200 DEG C under protection of argon gas
Mold in.
The composite material obtain solid solution treatment process be 460 DEG C/32h+520 DEG C/for 24 hours, in 175 DEG C of timeliness 30h after water quenching.Through
Chemical analysis material composition is (wt%):
| Li | Cu | Mg | Sc | Zr | Cd | Ti | B | Al |
| 2.97 | 1.46 | 0.44 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 4.12 | 1.96 | Surplus |
Wherein, TiB2Content in aluminium lithium based composites is 5.98wt%.
The casting aluminium lithium based composites are dissolved state room-temperature mechanical property, elasticity modulus and density are as follows:
Tensile strength: 430Mpa, yield strength: 345Mpa, elongation percentage: 2.1%；
Elasticity modulus: 91.4Gpa, density: 2.61g/cm3。
It is 88% that Li, which obtains recovery rate,.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is related to a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation
Method specifically:
It is reacted first by in-situ authigenic fused salt and TiB is made2/ Al base material, by base material, fine aluminium, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-
Cu intermediate alloy is preheating to 200 DEG C or so, then by TiB2/ Al base material and fine aluminium, which are put into molybdenum crucible, to be melted.Aluminum ingot melting
Afterwards, in 750~760 DEG C of addition Al-Cu intermediate alloys, after waiting temperature of aluminum liquid to be raised to 750~760 DEG C again, among Al-Mg
Alloy is added in molten aluminum, keeps the temperature 5min after temperature is stablized.After heat preservation, sequentially added at 750~760 DEG C Al-Zr,
Al-Sc, Al-Cd intermediate alloy, after its completely melt after stir evenly and to bath surface be sprinkled into coverture (3:1=LiCl:
LiF).Then, melt is added in Al-Li intermediate alloy under argon gas protection environment, stirs evenly until completely melted, takes table off
Face dross is simultaneously sprinkled into coverture.Temperature reduction fusion is to after 730~740 DEG C, under protection of argon gas in two times by C2Cl6Refining
Agent refines melt, refines 5~8 minutes, removing dross is taken off after refining and is sprinkled into coverture, cools to 710~720
DEG C, stand 5min.Bath surface coverture is removed after standing, melt is cast to is preheated to 200 DEG C under protection of argon gas
In mold.
The composite material obtain solid solution treatment process be 460 DEG C/32h+520 DEG C/for 24 hours, in 175 DEG C of timeliness 32h after water quenching.Through
Chemical analysis material composition is (wt%):
| Li | Cu | Mg | Sc | Zr | Cd | Ti | B | Al |
| 3.01 | 1.55 | 0.48 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 4.21 | 1.97 | Surplus |
Wherein, TiB2Content in aluminium lithium based composites is 6.11wt%.
The casting aluminium lithium based composites are dissolved state room-temperature mechanical property, elasticity modulus and density are as follows:
Tensile strength: 439Mpa, yield strength: 372Mpa, elongation percentage: 1.2%；
Elasticity modulus: 90.9Gpa, density: 2.60g/cm3。
It is 86% that Li, which obtains recovery rate,.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is related to a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation
Method specifically:
It is reacted first by in-situ authigenic fused salt and TiB is made2/ Al base material, by base material, fine aluminium, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-
Cu intermediate alloy is preheating to 200 DEG C or so, then by TiB2/ Al base material and fine aluminium, which are put into molybdenum crucible, to be melted.Aluminum ingot melting
Afterwards, in 750~760 DEG C of addition Al-Cu intermediate alloys, after waiting temperature of aluminum liquid to be raised to 750~760 DEG C again, among Al-Mg
Alloy is added in molten aluminum, keeps the temperature 5min after temperature is stablized.After heat preservation, sequentially added at 750~760 DEG C Al-Zr,
Al-Sc, Al-Cd intermediate alloy, after its completely melt after stir evenly and to bath surface be sprinkled into coverture (3:1=LiCl:
LiF).Then, melt is added in Al-Li intermediate alloy under argon gas protection environment, stirs evenly until completely melted, takes table off
Face dross is simultaneously sprinkled into coverture.Temperature reduction fusion is to after 730~740 DEG C, under protection of argon gas in two times by C2Cl6Refining
Agent refines melt, refines 5~8 minutes, removing dross is taken off after refining and is sprinkled into coverture, cools to 710~720
DEG C, stand 5min.Bath surface coverture is removed after standing, melt is cast to is preheated to 200 DEG C under protection of argon gas
In mold.
The composite material obtain solid solution treatment process be 460 DEG C/32h+520 DEG C/for 24 hours, in 175 DEG C of timeliness 32h after water quenching.Through
Chemical analysis material composition is (wt%):
| Li | Cu | Mg | Sc | Zr | Cd | Ti | B | Al |
| 2.56 | 2.49 | 0.46 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 4.27 | 1.93 | Surplus |
Wherein, TiB2Content in aluminium lithium based composites is 6.2wt%.
The casting aluminium lithium based composites are dissolved state room-temperature mechanical property, elasticity modulus and density are as follows:
Tensile strength: 447Mpa, yield strength: 388Mpa, elongation percentage: 2.1%；
Elasticity modulus: 90.2Gpa, density: 2.66g/cm3。
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is related to a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation
Method and embodiment 5 are almost the same, the difference is that only: being 500 DEG C/32h+540 by the technique that casting carries out solution treatment
DEG C/for 24 hours, after water quenching for 24 hours in 190 DEG C of timeliness.
The casting aluminium lithium based composites are dissolved state room-temperature mechanical property, elasticity modulus and density are as follows:
Tensile strength: 426Mpa, yield strength: 394Mpa, elongation percentage: 1.1%；
Elasticity modulus: 90.2Gpa, density: 2.66g/cm3。
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is related to a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation
Method and embodiment 5 are almost the same, the difference is that only: being 480 DEG C/32h+530 by the technique that casting carries out solution treatment
DEG C/for 24 hours, in 180 DEG C of timeliness 28h after water quenching.
The casting aluminium lithium based composites are dissolved state room-temperature mechanical property, elasticity modulus and density are as follows:
Tensile strength: 445Mpa, yield strength: 379Mpa, elongation percentage: 1.6%；
Elasticity modulus: 90.2Gpa, density: 2.66g/cm3。
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation method and embodiment 3
Almost the same, the difference is that only: in this comparative example, the content of Sc is 0.1% in the ingredient of aluminium lithium based composites.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation method and embodiment 3
Almost the same, the difference is that only: in this comparative example, the content of Zr is 0.13% in the ingredient of aluminium lithium based composites.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a kind of casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation method and embodiment 3
Almost the same, the difference is that only: in this comparative example, the content of Cd is 0.22% in the ingredient of aluminium lithium based composites.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a kind of casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation method and embodiment 3
It is almost the same, it the difference is that only: in this comparative example, to casting without solution treatment and ageing treatment.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a kind of casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation method and embodiment 3
It is almost the same, it the difference is that only: in this comparative example, to casting without solution treatment, directly progress ageing treatment.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides a kind of casting aluminium lithium based composites and preparation method thereof.The preparation method and embodiment 3
Almost the same, the difference is that only: in this comparative example, solid solution treatment process is 460 DEG C/32h, is then carried out at timeliness
Reason.
The performance test results
The performance test results of 1 comparative example 1-6 of table
According in upper table 1 as a result, compare comparative example 1 and embodiment 3 it is found that in the aluminium lithium based composites microelement Sc
Content it is too low when, will lead to the degradation of tensile strength and plasticity；Compare comparative example 2 and embodiment 3 it is found that when aluminium lithium base
When the content of Trace Zr is too low in composite material, the decline of intensity and plasticity will lead to；Compare comparative example 3 and embodiment 3
It is found that will lead to the decline of intensity when the too high levels of microelement Cd in aluminium lithium based composites；Compare 4 He of comparative example
Embodiment 3 will lead to intensity and plasticity seriously not it is found that when aluminium lithium based composites are without solution treatment and ageing treatment
Foot；Compare comparative example 5 and embodiment 3 it is found that when aluminium lithium based composites are without solution treatment, directly progress ageing treatment
When, it will lead to intensity and plasticity wretched insufficiency；Compare comparative example 6 and embodiment 3 it is found that when aluminium lithium based composites only carry out one
When grade solution treatment, the promotion that will lead to intensity and plasticity is lower.
In addition, though embodiment 1-2 only passes through solution treatment, without Wetted constructures, but the aluminium lithium of embodiment 1-2 preparation
The comprehensive performance of based composites is substantially better than comparative example 4-6.Meanwhile the aluminium lithium based composites of embodiment 3-7 preparation is comprehensive
It closes performance and is substantially better than comparative example 1-6.
Composite material prepared by the present invention is by nanoscale TiB2Li, Cu of ceramic particle and extra fine quality degree,
Mg, Sc, Zr, Cd, impurity element and surplus Al composition.It is characterized in that being prepared first with in-situ authigenic reaction
TiB2/ Al base material alloy；Then female with Al-Cu, Al-Li, Al-Mg, Al-Sc, Al-Zr, Al-Cd intermediate alloy, TiB2/Al
Composite material is obtained after material, fine aluminium melting, is handled using specific double_stage guide, after Water Quenching, is carried out at single-stage aging
Reason obtains the Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites.Nano particle aluminum lithium base composite wood prepared by the present invention
Material compares traditional aluminium lithium alloy and composite material, with higher intensity and elasticity modulus and lower density, while at
This is cheap, has huge application prospect in aerospace field.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Ultralight high-module high-strength casts aluminium lithium based composites, which is characterized in that the aluminium lithium based composites include
Matrix alloy and the reinforced phase being distributed in described matrix alloy；
To account for the total weight of the aluminium lithium based composites, described matrix alloy includes each member of following mass percentage content
Element: Li 2.5~3.5%, Cu 1~2.5%, Mg 0.4~0.5%, Sc 0.15~0.2%, Zr 0.15~0.2%, Cd 0
~0.2%, impurity element total content is less than 0.2% and surplus is Al；The reinforced phase is TiB2。
2. Ultralight high-module high-strength according to claim 1 casts aluminium lithium based composites, which is characterized in that the TiB2
Content in aluminium lithium based composites is 1~15wt%.
3. a kind of preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites according to claim 1, special
Sign is, includes the following steps:
S1, preparation TiB is reacted by in-situ authigenic2/ Al base material alloy, as raw material for standby；
S2, proportionally weigh Al-Cu intermediate alloy, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-Li intermediate alloy, Al-Sc intermediate alloy,
Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Cd intermediate alloy, TiB2/ Al base material alloy and fine aluminium；
S3, by the TiB2/ Al base material alloy and fine aluminium, which are put into crucible, to be melted, and under the conditions of 750~760 DEG C, is sequentially added
Al-Cu intermediate alloy, Al-Mg intermediate alloy, Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sc intermediate alloy, Al-Cd intermediate alloy, have melted
Quan Hou is stirred evenly and is uniformly sprinkled into coverture in bath surface；
S4, Al-Li intermediate alloy is added under protective atmosphere in the melt obtained after step S3 processing, wait be completely melt
Afterwards, it takes surface scum off and is sprinkled into coverture, stir evenly；
S5, gained melt it will be refined, be stood after step S4 processing, and be then cast in mold and obtain casting.
4. the preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites according to claim 3, feature exist
In the preparation method further includes carrying out double_stage guide processing to the resulting casting of step S5.
5. the preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites according to claim 4, feature exist
In the double_stage guide processing includes first carrying out first order solution treatment, then carries out second level solution treatment again；Wherein,
Level-one solution treatment is 460~500 DEG C of solution treatment 32h, and second level solution treatment is 520~540 DEG C and is dissolved for 24 hours.
6. the preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites according to claim 3 or 4, feature
It is, the preparation method further includes carrying out single-stage aging processing after carrying out double_stage guide processing to the resulting casting of step S5.
7. the preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites according to claim 6, feature exist
In the condition of the single-stage aging processing is to handle 24~32h at 170~190 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites according to claim 3, feature exist
In, in step S3, the Al-Cu intermediate alloy amount containing Cu is 49~50wt%, the Al-Li intermediate alloy amount containing Li for 9~
11wt%, the Al-Mg intermediate alloy amount containing Mg are 8.9~10.6wt%, the Al-Zr intermediate alloy amount containing Zr for 4~
5wt%, the Al-Sc intermediate alloy amount containing Sc are 2~3wt%, and the Al-Cd intermediate alloy amount containing Cd is 9~10wt%.
9. the preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites according to claim 3, feature exist
In in step S3 and step S4, the coverture includes the LiCl and LiF that mass ratio is 3:1.
10. the preparation method of Ultralight high-module high-strength casting aluminium lithium based composites according to claim 3, feature exist
In in step S5, the refining includes not powering off to use C2Cl6Or argon gas refines 5~8 minutes；The time of the standing is 3~5 points
Clock；The casting is previously heated to 180~200 DEG C using steel die.
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| CN114672686B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-10-28 | 华中科技大学 | Preparation method of additional nano-particle reinforced cast aluminum-lithium alloy |
| CN115652149A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-31 | 上海交通大学 | Light high-strength TiB-containing 2 Reinforced phase particle aluminum lithium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115652149B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-01-12 | 上海交通大学 | Light high-strength TiB-containing material 2 Reinforced phase particle aluminum lithium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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