CN114671532B - Preparation method of high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film for aquaculture water treatment - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film for aquaculture water treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114671532B CN114671532B CN202210381316.4A CN202210381316A CN114671532B CN 114671532 B CN114671532 B CN 114671532B CN 202210381316 A CN202210381316 A CN 202210381316A CN 114671532 B CN114671532 B CN 114671532B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/166—Nitrites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
A preparation method of a high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film for aquaculture water treatment comprises the following steps: (1) adding sea sand to aquaculture pond water; (2) adding a nutrient solution; (3) aerating to control the concentration of dissolved oxygen; (4) adding ferric hydroxide solution; (5) The ammonia nitrogen concentration is always kept at 2-20 mg/L, and the pH value is always kept at 7-9; (6) Adding a suspension carrier according to the concentration of suspended matters except sea sand in the mixed solution; (7) adjusting the concentration of dissolved oxygen; (8) Stopping aeration when more than 20% of the suspended carriers are changed into rolling states along with water flow, and taking out the sea sand; (9) opening aeration and maintaining dissolved oxygen concentration; and (10) when ammonia nitrogen cannot be detected, the preparation of the biological film is completed. The invention improves the fixing speed of the nitrifying bacteria biological film, and the nitrifying bacteria biological film has high-efficiency nitrifying reaction activity and can rapidly remove ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film for treating aquaculture water, belonging to the technical field of nitrifying bacteria biological film preparation.
Background
In the aquaculture process, aquatic organism feces, residual baits and the like generate ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, which threatens the health of aquatic organisms. The microbiological method is an economically feasible, environment-friendly and efficient method for removing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in water.
The microbial method is to remove ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in water by nitrifying bacteria under the aerobic condition, and the nitrifying bacteria are used as autotrophic bacteria, have long generation cycle and need harsh growth environment, so that the nitrifying bacteria cannot obtain advantages in competition with heterotrophic microorganisms. Therefore, when the ammonia nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen content in the aquaculture water is high, a method of adding nitrifying bacteria liquid into the aquaculture water is often adopted. However, the method for adding the nitrifying bacteria bacterial liquid cannot avoid the loss of nitrifying bacteria in the water changing process, and the nitrifying bacteria bacterial liquid needs to be added periodically.
In order to avoid the loss of nitrifying bacteria, the aquaculture wastewater can be treated by adopting a biomembrane method, pollutants in the water are removed by utilizing the biomembrane attached to and growing on the filler, and the moving bed biomembrane also avoids the defects of easy blockage, difficult maintenance and the like of the fixed bed biomembrane method, thereby being suitable for aquaculture wastewater treatment.
However, the aquaculture wastewater belongs to slightly polluted water, and the natural method is adopted to enrich nitrifying bacteria biological membranes at a very low speed and has low nitrifying activity.
Chinese patent document CN104961229A discloses a nitrifying bacteria microbial film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nitrifying bacteria microbial film is formed by inoculating activated sludge on the surface of a porous medium carrier, and performing enrichment culture on nitrifying bacteria by adopting a continuous circulation supply nitrifying bacteria enrichment culture solution method, so that the high-activity nitrifying bacteria film loaded on the surface of the porous medium carrier is finally formed. The nitrifying bacteria microbial membrane is complex in preparation process, takes a porous medium as a carrier, and is not suitable for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture water.
The Chinese patent document CN101240253A discloses a method for enriching high-efficiency nitrifying bacteria in activated sludge, which adopts an intermittent activated sludge method, and enriches the nitrifying bacteria by gradually increasing the ammonia nitrogen concentration of a culture solution, wherein the main components of the enrichment culture solution comprise inorganic salts including trace elements Fe, mg, na, K and buffer solution, the initial concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 100 mg/L-200 mg/L, and the final concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 500 mg/L-1200 mg/L; COD is less than or equal to 200mg/L. The method can inhibit the growth of carbonized bacteria and other miscellaneous bacteria in the sludge so as to facilitate nitrifying bacteria to become dominant bacteria. The method is favorable for enriching the high-efficiency nitrifying bacteria, but is based on the activated sludge, and cannot efficiently generate a biological film and efficiently remove ammonia nitrogen in the aquaculture water body.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and the like in an aquaculture pond are difficult to remove and the defects of the existing nitrifying bacteria microbial film preparation technology, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film for aquaculture water treatment, which is capable of promoting growth of biological film nitrifying bacteria, is high in preparation speed and high in nitrifying activity, so that the problem of low ammonia nitrogen removal rate of aquaculture water is solved.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film for aquaculture water treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding sea sand (sea side fine sand) into water of an aquaculture pond to form a mixture, wherein the sea sand volume is not more than 1/3 of the total volume of the mixture;
(2) Adding 1-2% of nutrient solution into the mixture according to the volume ratio to form a mixed solution;
the preparation process of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: 300-500 mg of MgSO is added into every 1000mL of distilled water 4 ·H 2 O, 20-50 mg CaCl 2 ·H 2 O, 0.2-2.0 mg MnCl 2 ·H 2 O, na 0.1-0.2 mg 2 MoO 4 ·H 2 O, 0.1-0.2 mg CoCl 2 ·H 2 O, 0.1-0.2 mg ZnSO 4 ·H 2 O and 80-500 mg of K 2 HPO 4 And (5) uniformly mixing.
(3) Aerating the mixed solution, and controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be more than 6 mg/L;
(4) Adding ferric hydroxide solution with the addition amount of 20-40 mg Fe 3+ /L。
The ferric hydroxide solution is added immediately after the preparation, and the preparation process is to add sodium hydroxide solution into ferric trichloride solution with the mass concentration of 15% and continuously stir, and stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution until the pH value is 7-8, and continuously stir and add the sodium hydroxide solution into the mixed solution.
(5) The ammonia nitrogen concentration and the pH value of the mixed solution are monitored regularly, so that the ammonia nitrogen concentration is always kept at 2-20 mg/L, and the pH value is always kept at 7-9;
the ammonia nitrogen concentration is maintained at 2-20 mg/L by adding ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride.
The pH is maintained at 7-9 by adding sodium bicarbonate.
(6) Monitoring the concentration of suspended matters except the sea sand (without the sea sand) in the mixed solution every day, and adding a suspension carrier when the concentration of the suspended matters is increased by 30% or more than that of the suspended matters in the previous day;
the addition density of the suspension carrier is 0.94-0.97 g/cm 3 ；
(7) Reducing aeration quantity to make dissolved oxygen concentration be 2.5-4.5 mg/L;
(8) Observing the state of the suspended carrier regularly, stopping aeration when more than 20% of the suspended carriers which are originally in a floating state are changed from the floating state to a rolling state along with water flow, and taking out the sea sand;
(9) Starting aeration, maintaining the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be 2.5-4.5 mg/L, and regulating the concentration of ammonia nitrogen to be 20mg/L (adding supplementary ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride), wherein the ammonia nitrogen is not supplemented any more;
(10) And when ammonia nitrogen cannot be detected, the preparation of the biological film is completed.
The invention takes the suspended carrier as the microbial carrier, improves the nitrifying reaction activity of nitrifying bacteria through the iron-loaded biological film, can be suitable for a wide range of temperature conditions of 5-35 ℃, is suitable for mariculture and freshwater culture, greatly improves the fixing speed of the nitrifying bacteria biological film, has high-efficiency nitrifying reaction activity, and can rapidly remove ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in water. Has the following characteristics:
1. the microbial strain attached to the fine sand at the sea is used as a strain, has the characteristics of low temperature resistance and salt resistance, and can be suitable for large-range temperature conditions of 5-35 ℃, and can be suitable for mariculture and freshwater culture;
2. the addition of iron ions has been proved to promote the growth of nitrifying bacteria and improve the nitrifying activity of nitrifying bacteria, but the addition amount and the addition mode aiming at different processes are different, and the invention provides the addition amount and the addition mode which are applicable to the aquaculture wastewater treatment and are fixed on a suspension carrier and can promote the growth of biomembrane nitrifying bacteria and improve the nitrifying activity;
3. the pond water is used as a main culture medium, so that nitrifying bacteria biological films adapting to the water body can be attached and enriched, and the method is applicable to mariculture and freshwater culture. Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of pond water, the invention supplements microelement nutrient solution suitable for the growth of nitrifying bacteria, and the preparation speed of the high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film is faster.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a suspended carrier prior to biofilm preparation.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a suspended carrier after preparing a high activity nitrifying bacteria biofilm by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of 100mL of the suspension carrier prepared by the invention on removing ammonia nitrogen from aquaculture pond water by using high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological membranes.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film for aquaculture water treatment, which achieves the purposes of promoting growth of the nitrifying bacteria of the biological film, accelerating preparation speed of the biological film of the high-activity nitrifying bacteria and improving nitrifying activity, and solves the problem of low ammonia nitrogen removal rate of aquaculture water. The method takes the suspended carrier as the microbial carrier, improves the nitrification activity of nitrifying bacteria through the iron loaded biological film, can be suitable for a wide range of temperature conditions of 5-35 ℃, can be suitable for mariculture and freshwater culture, can greatly improve the fixing speed of the nitrifying bacteria biological film, has high-efficiency nitrification activity, and can rapidly remove ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in water.
The preparation method of the nitrifying bacteria biological membrane comprises the following steps.
(1) The reactor is filled with a mixture of fine sand at sea and water from the aquaculture pond, the sea sand volume being 1/3 of the reactor volume (mixture).
(2) 300-500 mg of MgSO is added into every 1000mL of distilled water 4 ·H 2 O, 20-50 mg CaCl 2 ·H 2 O, 0.2-2.0 mg MnCl 2 ·H 2 O, na 0.1-0.2 mg 2 MoO 4 ·H 2 O, 0.1-0.2 mg CoCl 2 ·H 2 O, 0.1-0.2 mg ZnSO 4 ·H 2 O and 80-500 mg of K 2 HPO 4 Mixing uniformly to prepare the nutrient solution.
1 to 2 percent of nutrient solution is added into the reactor mixture to form mixed solution together with the mixture.
Mg, ca, mn, na, co, zn and K, especially Mn, co and Zn, are essential trace elements for some highly effective nitrifying bacterial species, avoiding the disadvantage of competing for the lack of these trace elements.
(3) Aerating the mixed solution of the reactor, and controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be more than 6 mg/L;
(4) Adding ferric hydroxide solution into the mixed solution of the reactor, wherein the adding amount is 20-40 mg Fe 3+ /L。
The ferric hydroxide solution is added immediately after the preparation is finished, and the preparation method comprises the steps of adding the sodium hydroxide solution into 15% ferric trichloride solution, continuously stirring, simultaneously measuring the pH value of the mixed solution, stopping adding the sodium hydroxide solution until the pH value is 7-8, and continuously stirring and adding the mixed solution into a reactor.
(5) The ammonia nitrogen concentration of the mixed solution in the reactor is monitored periodically, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is always maintained at 2-20 mg/L by adding ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride.
(6) The pH of the mixture in the reactor was periodically monitored and maintained at a pH of 7 to 9 by the addition of sodium bicarbonate.
(7) The concentration of suspended matter other than sea sand in the mixed liquid in the reactor was monitored every day, and when the concentration of suspended matter was increased by 30% or more than the previous day, the suspension vehicle was added. The suspension carriers available in the market are mainly those having a density close to that of water, i.e. a density of 0.94 to 0.97g/cm 3 。
(8) The aeration quantity is regulated to ensure that the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is 2.5-4.5 mg/L.
(9) And (3) observing the state of the suspended carrier regularly, stopping aeration when more than 20% of the suspended carrier which is originally in a floating state changes from the floating state to a rolling state along with water flow, taking out the sea sand, and continuously keeping the supernatant and the suspended carrier in the reactor.
(10) Aeration is started, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is maintained to be 2.5-4.5 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration is supplemented to be 20mg/L by adding ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride, and then ammonia nitrogen is not supplemented.
(11) And when ammonia nitrogen cannot be detected, the preparation of the biological film is completed.
Examples are given below.
The preparation process of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: 400mg of MgSO was added to every 1000mL of distilled water 4 ·H 2 O, 35mg CaCl 2 ·H 2 O, 1.0mg MnCl 2 ·H 2 O, 0.15mg Na 2 MoO 4 ·H 2 O, 0.15mg CoCl 2 ·H 2 O, 0.15mg ZnSO 4 ·H 2 O and 300mg of K 2 HPO 4 Stirring and mixing uniformly.
The suspension vehicle used is shown in figure 1.
(1) And filling sea fine sand and aquaculture pond water into the reactor, wherein the sea sand volume is 1/3 of the reactor volume.
(2) 1.5% nutrient solution was added to the reactor.
(3) Aerating the mixed solution in the reactor, and controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be between 6mg/L and 8 mg/L;
(4) Adding ferric hydroxide solution into the mixed solution of the reactor, wherein the adding amount is 30mg of Fe 3+ and/L. Specifically to 15% ferric trichloride solutionAdding sodium hydroxide solution into the reactor, stirring continuously until the pH value of the mixed solution is 7-8, and adding the mixed solution into the reactor while stirring.
(5) The ammonia nitrogen concentration of the mixed solution in the reactor is monitored periodically, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is always maintained at 12mg/L by adding ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride.
(6) The pH of the mixture in the reactor was periodically monitored and maintained at a pH of 7 to 9 by the addition of sodium bicarbonate.
(7) Monitoring the concentration of suspended matters except sea sand in the mixed solution in the reactor every day, and adding the suspended matters with the density of 0.95g/cm when the concentration of the suspended matters is increased by 30% or more than the previous day 3 Is a suspension carrier of (a).
(8) The aeration quantity is regulated to ensure that the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is 2.5-4.5 mg/L.
(9) And (3) observing the state of the suspended carrier regularly, stopping aeration when more than 20% of the suspended carrier which is originally in a floating state changes from the floating state to a rolling state along with water flow, taking out the sea sand, and continuously keeping the supernatant and the suspended carrier in the reactor.
(10) Aeration is started, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is maintained to be 3.5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration is supplemented to be 20mg/L by adding ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride, and then ammonia nitrogen is not supplemented.
(11) And when ammonia nitrogen cannot be detected, the preparation of the biological film is completed.
The high activity nitrifying bacteria biological film (suspension carrier) prepared by the above process is shown in figure 2. The effect of the prepared 100mL of high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film with suspended carrier on removing ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture pond water is shown in figure 3, and the more suspended carriers, the more ammonia nitrogen is removed.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the high-activity nitrifying bacteria biological film for aquaculture water treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Adding sea sand into water of an aquaculture pond to form a mixture, wherein the volume of the sea sand is not more than 1/3 of the total volume of the mixture;
(2) Adding 1-2% of nutrient solution into the mixture according to the volume ratio to form a mixed solution;
(3) Aerating the mixed solution, and controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be more than 6 mg/L;
(4) Adding ferric hydroxide solution with the addition amount of 20-40 mg Fe 3+ /L；
(5) The ammonia nitrogen concentration and the pH value of the mixed solution are monitored regularly, so that the ammonia nitrogen concentration is always kept at 2-20 mg/L, and the pH value is always kept at 7-9;
(6) Monitoring the concentration of suspended matters except sea sand in the mixed solution every day, and adding a suspension carrier when the concentration of the suspended matters is increased by 30% or more than that of the suspended matters in the previous day;
(7) Reducing aeration quantity to make dissolved oxygen concentration be 2.5-4.5 mg/L;
(8) Observing the state of the suspended carrier regularly, stopping aeration when more than 20% of the suspended carriers which are originally in a floating state are changed from the floating state to a rolling state along with water flow, and taking out the sea sand;
(9) Starting aeration, maintaining the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be 2.5-4.5 mg/L, adjusting the concentration of ammonia nitrogen to be 20mg/L, and then not supplementing ammonia nitrogen;
(10) When ammonia nitrogen cannot be detected, the preparation of the biological film is completed;
the preparation process of the nutrient solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps: 300-500 mg of MgSO is added into every 1000mL of distilled water 4 ·H 2 O, 20-50 mg CaCl 2 ·H 2 O, 0.2-2.0 mg MnCl 2 ·H 2 O, na 0.1-0.2 mg 2 MoO 4 ·H 2 O, 0.1-0.2 mg CoCl 2 ·H 2 O, 0.1-0.2 mg ZnSO 4 ·H 2 O and 80-500 mg of K 2 HPO 4 Uniformly mixing;
in the step (5), the pH is maintained at 7-9 by adding sodium bicarbonate;
the suspension carrier in the step (6) has the addition density of 0.94-0.97 g/cm 3 。
2. The method for preparing a high-activity nitrifying bacteria biofilm for aquaculture water treatment according to claim 1, wherein the ferric hydroxide solution in the step (4) is added immediately after the preparation is completed, and the preparation process is to add sodium hydroxide solution to the ferric trichloride solution with the mass concentration of 15% and continuously stir until the pH value is 7-8, and then to stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution while continuing stirring.
3. The method for producing a highly active nitrifying bacterial biofilm for aquaculture water treatment according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the step (5) is maintained at 2 to 20mg/L by adding ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride.
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| CN102502949B (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-06-12 | 青岛理工大学 | Method for improving activity of nitrification function microbiology in activated sludge through feeding iron hydroxide during in situ preparation |
| CN104973679A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-14 | 通威股份有限公司 | Quick start method of biofilter in low temperature environment |
| CN110803766B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-11 | 大连理工大学 | Synchronous nitrification and denitrification process combining nitrification functional type and denitrification functional type suspension carrier |
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