CN114669178A - Tunnel construction dust and harmful gas's absorption clean system - Google Patents
Tunnel construction dust and harmful gas's absorption clean system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114669178A CN114669178A CN202210269815.4A CN202210269815A CN114669178A CN 114669178 A CN114669178 A CN 114669178A CN 202210269815 A CN202210269815 A CN 202210269815A CN 114669178 A CN114669178 A CN 114669178A
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- tunnel construction
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- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/28—Selection of materials for use as drying agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8643—Removing mixtures of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8646—Simultaneous elimination of the components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
- B03C3/743—Cleaning the electrodes by using friction, e.g. by brushes or sliding elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
- B03C3/76—Cleaning the electrodes by using a mechanical vibrator, e.g. rapping gear ; by using impact
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an absorption and purification system for tunnel construction dust and harmful gas, which comprises a dust collecting box, wherein an electric power equipment box, a catalyst box, an alkaline reagent box, a drying agent box and a gas collecting box are sequentially and adjacently arranged on the outer side of the dust collecting box, an air inlet hopper is communicated and arranged on the side surface of the dust collecting box, a plurality of layers of vertical electrostatic dust collection grids are arranged in the dust collecting box at intervals, an exhaust fan is arranged at the top of the electric power equipment box, the exhaust fan and the electrostatic dust collection grids are electrically connected with the electric power equipment box, the air inlet of the exhaust fan is communicated with the dust collecting box, and the air outlet of the exhaust fan is respectively connected with the catalyst box, the catalyst box and the alkaline reagent box, the alkaline reagent box and the drying agent box, and the drying agent box and the gas collecting box through gas guide pipes. The purification system provided by the invention can adsorb and remove small particles such as dust and the like, purify and absorb harmful gas, and overcome the defect of limited action of the tunnel construction environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a dust and harmful gas absorption and purification system for tunnel construction.
Background
The generation of dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction mainly has two aspects, on one hand, the harmful gases CO, CO2, Nitrogen Oxide (NOX), sulfide, dust and the like can be generated in the blasting process of the tunnel; on the other hand, the harmful gases such as CO, CO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (CH) and sulfides are emitted by internal combustion engines of excavators and large slag trucks. Due to the semi-closed structure of the tunnel, dust and harmful gas generated in continuous construction are increased continuously, and the life health and safety of construction site personnel are seriously influenced.
The small solid particles such as dust and the like have strong adsorption capacity, can enter the lung of a human body along with the breathing of people, and are retained at different parts of a respiratory tract in collision, diffusion, deposition and other modes to cause respiratory system diseases. People inhale dust for a long time, which causes diseases mainly caused by lung tissue fibrosis, such as silicosis, coal dust, graphite dust, asbestos dust, and the like. In addition, dust exposed to the air can also come into direct contact with the eyes and skin of a person, blocking the hair follicles and sweat glands of the skin, causing dermatitis and conjunctivitis.
CO enters blood circulation through a respiratory tract and is easily combined with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, so that the hemoglobin loses the oxygen carrying capacity and function, tissues are suffocated, a light person harms a central nervous system, and a heavy person can die; nitrogen Oxides (NOX) can cause serious damage to the respiratory system of a person and can cause the respiratory system of the person to be dysfunctional after being exposed in air with the nitrogen dioxide concentration of 9.4 mg/cubic meter for 10 minutes. The hydrocarbon (CH) is likely to induce distortion and canceration of the human body at a high concentration in the atmosphere, and causes serious damage to the human body. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in sulfide is an acute toxicity, and inhalation of small amounts of high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide can be fatal in a short time. Low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide have an effect on the eye, respiratory system and central nervous system. The concentration of sulfur dioxide (S02) in the atmosphere is more than 0.5ppm, which has potential influence on human body; 1-3 ppm, most people begin to feel stimulation; at 400-500 ppm, people can suffer from ulcer and pulmonary edema until death by asphyxia.
With the vigorous development of energy development projects, national defense projects, hydraulic engineering and national basic constructions in China, such as in the projects of railways, hydropower, traffic, mines, municipal works and the like, the demand of underground tunnel construction is increasing day by day, and more long tunnels need to be constructed. However, in the existing long and large tunnel, fresh air is sent into a tunneling working face through a ventilation pipe, and diluted toxic gas brings harmful gas out of the tunnel through wind pressure provided by a fan, so that the ventilation time is too long, the efficiency is low, higher and higher requirements are provided for the construction environment and the air quality, and the existing ventilation method cannot meet the construction requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction. Especially, the defects of long ventilation time, low efficiency and overhigh cost of the long and large tunnel are overcome, so that the life health safety of field tunnel constructors is effectively ensured.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
The absorption and purification system for tunnel construction dust and harmful gas comprises a dust collecting box, wherein an electric power equipment box, a catalyst box, an alkaline reagent box, a drying agent box and a gas collecting box are sequentially and adjacently arranged on the outer side of the dust collecting box, and an air inlet hopper is communicated and arranged on the side surface of the dust collecting box.
Preferably, the dust collection box is internally provided with multiple layers of vertical electrostatic dust collection grids at intervals, the top of the electric power equipment box is provided with an exhaust fan, and the exhaust fan and the electrostatic dust collection grids are electrically connected with the electric power equipment box.
Preferably, the inner walls of the front side surface and the rear side surface of the dust collecting box are symmetrically provided with limit grooves respectively, the front ends and the rear ends of the two electrostatic dust collection grids are in abutting connection with the inner walls of the limit grooves respectively, the front sides and the rear sides of the outer side surfaces of the two electrostatic dust collection grids are provided with a plurality of groups of recovery springs, and the movable ends of the recovery springs are connected with the inner walls of the limit grooves respectively.
Preferably, a motor is arranged at the top of the dust collection box, an output shaft of the motor is connected with a connecting rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod penetrates through the side wall of the top of the dust collection box and extends into the dust collection box, an eccentric wheel is fixedly sleeved on the connecting rod, and the outer edge of the eccentric wheel is abutted to the inner side surfaces of the two electrostatic dust removal grids.
Preferably, be provided with the driving gear on the output shaft of motor, the top of dust collecting box is rotated and is provided with vertical dwang, is provided with driven gear on the dwang, and driving gear and driven gear pass through driving belt and connect, are provided with first gear on the dwang, and the top of dust collecting box is provided with the screw rod, is provided with the second gear on the screw rod, second gear and first gear engagement, and the top lateral wall of dust collecting box is run through and extends to the inside of dust collecting box in the bottom of screw rod, and the inside of dust collecting box is provided with vertical shielding plate, the bottom of screw rod and the inside threaded connection of shielding plate.
Preferably, the bottom of the right side face of the shielding plate is vertically provided with a telescopic mechanism, the right end of the telescopic mechanism is provided with a dust removal brush body, and the dust removal brush body is provided with a plurality of bristles.
Preferably, telescopic machanism contains sleeve, telescopic link and reset spring, telescopic left end is connected with the bottom of shielding plate right flank, and the left end of telescopic link extends to telescopic inside, and the left end of telescopic link passes through reset spring and telescopic bobbin base inner wall connection, and the right-hand member of telescopic link is connected with the left surface of the dust removal brush body.
Preferably, the air inlet of the exhaust fan is communicated with the dust collecting box, and the air outlet of the exhaust fan is respectively connected with the catalyst box, the catalyst box and the alkaline reagent box, the alkaline reagent box and the drying agent box, and the drying agent box and the gas collecting box through gas conduits.
Preferably, a ceramic honeycomb body is arranged in the catalyst box, an alumina coating is loaded on the outer surface of the ceramic honeycomb body, and the alumina coating is impregnated with the catalyst.
Preferably, the inside of the alkaline reagent box is provided with NaOH solution, and the concentration of the NaOH solution is 20-30%.
Preferably, the desiccant tank contains anhydrous calcium chloride powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the absorption and purification system for tunnel construction dust and harmful gas provided by the invention can adsorb and remove dust and other small particles, purify and absorb harmful gas, improve tunnel construction environment and ensure life health and safety of field tunnel construction personnel;
(2) according to the invention, through the design of the eccentric wheel, the restoring spring, the motor, the connecting rod and the limiting groove, the two electrostatic dust collection grids can be intermittently and alternately pushed through the eccentric wheel, so that dust loaded on the electrostatic dust collection grids is vibrated in the moving process of the electrostatic dust collection grids and can fall into the dust collection box, and the dust can be prevented from being accumulated on the surfaces of the electrostatic dust collection grids for a long time to influence the dust collection effect;
(3) according to the invention, through the design of the driving gear, the driven gear, the rotating rod, the screw rod, the first gear, the second gear and the baffle plate, the baffle plate can move downwards while the eccentric wheel pushes the electrostatic dust collection grid, so that the opening of the air inlet hopper can be closed, and secondary pollution to the environment caused by the escaping of shaken dust through the opening of the air inlet hopper is avoided;
(4) According to the invention, through the design of the dust removal brush body, the eccentric wheel can push the electrostatic dust removal grid and the shielding plate to move downwards, and meanwhile, the left electrostatic dust removal grid with serious dust accumulation can be further cleaned by utilizing a plurality of brush hairs, so that the dust removal effect of the electrostatic dust removal grid is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gases in tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the dust collection box in the embodiment of the present invention in a state where the shielding plate is closed;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the dust collection box in the embodiment of the present invention in a state where the shielding plate is opened;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the connection between the retractable mechanism and the dust removing brush body in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal mechanism of the telescopic mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the connection of the first gear and the second gear in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the eccentric and two electrostatic precipitator grids in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the operation of the dust and harmful gas absorption and purification system for tunnel construction according to the embodiment of the present invention;
In the figure: 1-an air inlet hopper; 2-electrostatic dust removal grating; 3-dust collection box; 4-an exhaust fan; 5-an electrical equipment box; 6-catalyst box; 7-an alkaline reagent tank; 8-a desiccant tank; 9-a gas collection box; 10-a gas conduit; 11. a box door; 12. a limiting groove; 13. a restoring spring; 14. a motor; 15. a connecting rod; 16. an eccentric wheel; 17. a driving gear; 18. rotating the rod; 19. a driven gear; 20. a drive belt; 21. a first gear; 22. a screw; 23. a shielding plate; 24. a telescoping mechanism; 25. a dust removal brush body; 26. brushing; 27. a sleeve; 28. a telescopic rod; 29. a return spring; 30. a collection box; 31. a fixing plate; 32. a threaded hole; 33. a second gear; 34. a slip ring; 35. a limit ring.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a dust collection box 3, the dust collection box 3 is used for collecting dust falling down by deposition, an electric power equipment box 5, a catalyst box 6, an alkaline reagent box 7, a desiccant box 8 and a gas collection box 9 are sequentially and adjacently arranged on the outer side of the dust collection box 3, and an air inlet hopper 1 is communicated with the side surface of the dust collection box 3.
The inside interval of dust collecting box 3 is provided with the vertical electrostatic precipitator grid 2 of multilayer, and the top of electric power equipment case 5 is provided with air exhauster 4, and air exhauster 4 and electrostatic precipitator grid 2 all with electric power equipment case 5 electric connection, and electric power equipment case 5 provides electric power guarantee for air exhauster 4 and electrostatic precipitator grid 2. The dust collecting box 30 is placed at the bottom inside the dust collecting box 3, and after dust collection is finished, the collecting box 30 is convenient to take out by opening the box door 11 on the dust collecting box 3, so that collected dust is cleaned.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the two electrostatic dust collection grids 2 enable the dust charges in the airflow to be separated from the airflow under the action of the electric field, so that the dust can be deposited and fall into the dust collection box 3, and the airflow can smoothly enter a subsequent device.
The working principle of the electrostatic dust removal grid 2 in the embodiment of the invention is that a high-voltage electric field is utilized to ionize smoke, and dust charges in airflow are separated from the airflow under the action of the electric field. Mainly comprises four interrelated physical processes: (1) ionization of the gas; (2) charging of dust; (3) the charged dust moves to the electrode; (4) and (4) trapping charged dust. The specific process is as follows:
on two metal anodes and cathodes with larger curvature radius difference, an electric field enough for gas ionization is maintained by high-voltage direct current, and electrons generated after gas ionization are as follows: anions and cations, which adsorb on the dust passing through the electric field, charge the dust. Under the action of electric field force, the dust with different charged polarities moves to electrodes with different polarities respectively and deposits on the electrodes, so that the purpose of separating dust from gas is achieved.
Spacing groove 12 has been seted up to the symmetry respectively on the inner wall of the leading flank of dust collecting box 3 and trailing flank, and the front end and the rear end of two electrostatic precipitator grids 2 are contradicted with the inner wall of spacing groove 12 respectively and are connected, and the front side and the rear side of the lateral surface of two electrostatic precipitator grids 2 all are provided with multiunit recovery spring 13, and the expansion end of recovery spring 13 is connected with the inner wall of spacing groove 12 respectively. Two electrostatic precipitator grids 2 support and spacing through spacing groove 12, and two electrostatic precipitator grids 2 can move about in spacing groove 12, and during the concrete design, multiunit recovery spring 13 is along the direction of height interval distribution of electrostatic precipitator grid 2.
The top of the dust collection box 3 is provided with a motor 14, an output shaft of the motor 14 is connected with a connecting rod 15, the bottom end of the connecting rod 15 penetrates through the side wall of the top of the dust collection box 3 and extends into the dust collection box 3, an eccentric wheel 16 is fixedly sleeved on the connecting rod 15, and the outer edge of the eccentric wheel 16 is abutted to the inner side surfaces of the two electrostatic dust collection gratings 2. Connecting rod 15 specifically is connected with the top lateral wall of dust collecting box 3 through the bearing, when work a period of time need clear away the dust of load on two electrostatic precipitator grids 2, through starter motor 14, drive connecting rod 15 and eccentric wheel 16 and rotate, and then intermittent type nature is in turn carried out the outside to two electrostatic precipitator grids 2 and is promoted, and then make the recovery spring 13 that links to each other with it carry out intermittent type nature alternative compression, along with eccentric wheel 16 is constantly rotatory, recovery spring 13 constantly compresses and resets, thereby make electrostatic precipitator grid 2 under the driving force of eccentric wheel 16 and the effect of the recovery force of recovery spring 13, constantly remove about, thereby can make the dust of load on electrostatic precipitator grid 2 can drop to collecting box 30 under the vibrating force effect gradually.
Be provided with driving gear 17 on the output shaft of motor 14, the top of dust collection box 3 is rotated and is provided with vertical dwang 18, be provided with driven gear 19 on the dwang 18, driving gear 17 and driven gear 19 pass through drive belt 20 and connect, be provided with first gear 21 on the dwang 18, the top of dust collection box 3 is provided with screw rod 22, be provided with second gear 33 on the screw rod 22, second gear 33 and first gear 21 mesh, the top lateral wall that the dust collection box 3 was run through to the bottom of screw rod 22 and extend to the inside of dust collection box 3, the inside of dust collection box 3 is provided with vertical shielding plate 23, the inside threaded connection of bottom and shielding plate 23 of screw rod 22. The top of dust collecting box 3 is provided with fixed plate 31 of "L" type structure, and the top of screw rod 22 is passed through the bearing and is connected with the top internal surface rotation of fixed plate 31, and threaded hole 32 has been seted up at the top of shielding plate 23, and threaded hole 32 and shielding plate 23 threaded connection are passed through to the bottom of screw rod 22, and the leading flank and the trailing flank of shielding plate 23 all contact with dust collecting box 3 inner wall. When dust loaded on the two electrostatic dust collection grids 2 is removed, the motor 14 is started, the driving gear 17 is driven to rotate, the driving belt 20 drives the driven gear 19 to rotate, the rotating rod 18 and the first gear 21 are driven to rotate, the second gear 33 and the screw rod 22 are driven to rotate under the action of the meshing force of the first gear 21 and the second gear 33, the shielding plate 23 cannot rotate due to the fact that the shielding plate 23 is in contact with the inner wall of the dust collection box 3, the shielding plate 23 can only be gradually moved downwards, the opening of the air inlet hopper 1 can be sealed, the phenomenon that shaken dust escapes through the opening of the air inlet hopper 1 to cause secondary pollution to the environment is avoided, in the practical design, when the shielding plate 23 moves downwards to completely seal the opening of the air inlet hopper 1, the shielding plate 23 moves to the position without threads on the screw rod 22 and continues to rotate along with the screw rod 22, the shielding plate 23 does not move downwards any more, after cleaning is completed, the motor 14 is started to rotate reversely, the shielding plate 23 moves upwards to open the opening of the air inlet hopper 1, then the motor 14 is turned off, and then dust adsorption treatment is continued.
The bottom of the right side face of the shielding plate 23 is vertically provided with a telescopic mechanism 24, the right end of the telescopic mechanism 24 is provided with a dust removing brush body 25, and the dust removing brush body 25 is provided with a plurality of bristles 26. The telescopic mechanism 24 comprises a sleeve 27, a telescopic rod 28 and a return spring 29, the left end of the sleeve 27 is connected with the bottom of the right side face of the shielding plate 23, the left end of the telescopic rod 28 extends to the inside of the sleeve 27, the left end of the telescopic rod 28 is connected with the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve 27 through the return spring 29, and the right end of the telescopic rod 28 is connected with the left side face of the dust removing brush body 25. Be provided with the closed sliding ring 34 of round on the lateral surface of the left end of telescopic link 28, be provided with the closed spacing ring 35 of round on the right-hand member inner wall of sleeve 27, sliding ring 34 and spacing ring 35 phase-match can avoid telescopic link 28 roll-off sleeve 27.
Because the dust is firstly adsorbed by the left electrostatic dust removal grid 2 and then adsorbed by the right electrostatic dust removal grid 2, more dust is deposited on the left electrostatic dust removal grid 2, the left electrostatic dust removal grid 2 needs to be further processed, when the dust loaded on the two electrostatic dust removal grids 2 is removed by the eccentric wheel 16, the left electrostatic dust removal grid 2 is cleaned from top to bottom along with the gradual downward movement of the shielding plate 23, the deep cleaning of the left electrostatic dust removal grid 2 is realized, the cleaning effect is improved, and the subsequent adsorption and purification of the dust are facilitated.
An air inlet of the exhaust fan 4 is communicated with the dust collection box 3, and an air outlet of the exhaust fan 4 is respectively connected with the catalyst box 6, the catalyst box 6 and the alkaline reagent box 7, the alkaline reagent box 7 and the drying agent box 8, and the drying agent box 8 and the gas collection box 9 through gas conduits 10. The exhaust fan 4 is specifically one of a box fan, a pipeline fan, a centrifugal fan and an axial flow fan.
The air inlet hopper 1 is of an inverted cone structure. Such design can be convenient for the dust and the harmful gas that produce in the work progress get into dust collecting box 3 more, has improved the work efficiency of device.
And a side surface of the dust collection box 3 and a side surface of the electric power equipment box 5 are respectively provided with a box door 11 which is opened in half. The oppositely opened box door on the dust collecting box 3 is used for opening the dust collecting box 3, and removing the small dust particles collected in the dust collecting box 3 in time, so that the device is prevented from stopping working due to accumulation of dust. The half-open door of the power equipment box 5 is used to open the power equipment box 5 and to inspect the power equipment loaded in the power equipment box 5.
The inside of the catalyst case 6 is provided with a ceramic honeycomb body, the outer surface of which is loaded with an alumina coating layer, and the alumina coating layer is impregnated with a catalyst. The catalyst is a three-way catalyst TWC. Three-way catalyst TWC (three-way catalyst) oxidizes harmful CO and HC to CO 2And H2O, reduction of harmful NOx to N2The reaction is as follows:
2CO+O2=2CO2
4HC+5O2=4CO2+2H2O
2xCO+2NOx=N2+2xCO2CH2
2xCH2+6NOx=3N2+2xCO2+2xH2O
2NOx+2xH2=N2+2xH2O
the inside of the alkaline reagent box 7 is provided with NaOH solution, and the concentration of the solution is 20-30 percent. The concentration of the solution in the present embodiment is preferably 25%. Use of NaOH solution for absorbing CO2And SO2And the like, which react as follows:
CO2+2NaOH=Na2CO3+H2O
SO2+2NaOH=Na2SO3+H2O
the desiccant tank 8 is filled with anhydrous calcium chloride powder. The anhydrous calcium chloride powder dries the gas entering the desiccant tank 8.
As shown in fig. 9, the application method of the system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the purification device provided by the embodiment of the invention is placed on a tunnel construction site or can be transferred to a working vehicle, a power supply is switched on, the exhaust fan 4 is started, and small particles such as dust and harmful gas generated on the tunnel construction site are sucked into the collection box 30 of the dust collection box 3 through the air inlet hopper;
step two: small particles such as dust and harmful gas pass through the electrostatic dust removal grating 2 in the dust collection box 3, the airflow is ionized under the action of a high-voltage electric field, and dust charges in the airflow are separated from the airflow under the action of the electric field and are deposited in the collection box 30.
Step three: harmful gases enter the catalyst box 6, the alkaline reagent box 7 and the drying agent box 8 in sequence through the gas conduit 10 under the action of the exhaust fan 4, and are subjected to chemical reaction and drying, and then the dried harmless gases are discharged into the gas collection box 9 for collection;
Step four: starting the motor 14 to drive the connecting rod 15 and the eccentric wheel 16 to rotate, and then intermittently and alternately pushing the two electrostatic dust collection grids 2 to the outside, and further intermittently and alternately compressing the restoring spring 13 connected with the motor, and as the eccentric wheel 16 continuously rotates, the restoring spring 13 continuously compresses and resets, so that the electrostatic dust collection grids 2 continuously move left and right under the action of the pushing force of the eccentric wheel 16 and the restoring force of the restoring spring 13, thereby enabling the dust loaded on the electrostatic dust collection grids 2 to gradually drop into the collection box 30 under the action of the vibration force, when the motor 14 is started, the driving gear 17 is driven to rotate, then the driving belt 20 drives the driven gear 19 to rotate, and further drives the rotating rod 18 and the first gear 21 to rotate, and drives the second gear 33 and the screw rod 22 to rotate under the action of the meshing force of the first gear 21 and the second gear 33, the shielding plate 23 gradually moves downwards to seal the opening of the air inlet hopper 1, and the plurality of bristles 26 clean the left electrostatic dust removal grid 2 from top to bottom along with the gradual downward movement of the shielding plate 23, so that the deep cleaning of the left electrostatic dust removal grid 2 is realized.
In summary, the system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction provided by the embodiment of the invention can absorb and remove dust and other small particles, purify and absorb harmful gas, and overcome the defect of limited movement of the tunnel construction environment; the invention has the advantages of good dust removal effect, stable performance, simple operation, convenient installation and effective absorption and removal of harmful gas in the tunnel, and can directly reduce the construction cost, reduce the ventilation operation cost, quickly and effectively improve the tunnel construction environment and ensure the life health and safety of field tunnel constructors.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The absorption and purification system for tunnel construction dust and harmful gas is characterized by comprising a dust collection box (3), wherein an electric power equipment box (5), a catalyst box (6), an alkaline reagent box (7), a drying agent box (8) and a gas collection box (9) are sequentially and adjacently arranged on the outer side of the dust collection box (3), and an air inlet hopper (1) is communicated and arranged on the side surface of the dust collection box (3).
2. The system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein two vertical electrostatic dust collection grids (2) are arranged at intervals inside the dust collection box (3), the top of the electric equipment box (5) is provided with an exhaust fan (4), and the exhaust fan (4) and the electrostatic dust collection grids (2) are electrically connected with the electric equipment box (5).
3. The system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein the inner walls of the front side and the rear side of the dust collection box (3) are symmetrically provided with a spacing groove (12), the front end and the rear end of the two electrostatic dust collection grids (2) are respectively connected with the inner walls of the spacing groove (12) in an abutting manner, the front side and the rear side of the outer side of the two electrostatic dust collection grids (2) are respectively provided with a plurality of groups of restoring springs (13), and the movable ends of the restoring springs (13) are respectively connected with the inner walls of the spacing groove (12).
4. An absorption and purification system for dust and harmful gases in tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that a motor (14) is provided at the top of the dust collection box (3), an output shaft of the motor (14) is connected with a connecting rod (15), the bottom end of the connecting rod (15) penetrates through the top side wall of the dust collection box (3) and extends to the inside of the dust collection box (3), an eccentric wheel (16) is fixedly sleeved on the connecting rod (15), and the outer edge of the eccentric wheel (16) is in contact with the inner side surfaces of the two electrostatic dust collection grids (2).
5. An absorption and purification system for tunnel construction dust and harmful gas according to claim 4, characterized in that a driving gear (17) is provided on the output shaft of the motor (14), a vertical rotating rod (18) is rotatably provided on the top of the dust collection box (3), a driven gear (19) is provided on the rotating rod (18), the driving gear (17) and the driven gear (19) are connected through a transmission belt (20), a first gear (21) is provided on the rotating rod (18), a screw rod (22) is provided above the dust collection box (3), a second gear (33) is provided on the screw rod (22), the second gear (33) is engaged with the first gear (21), the bottom of the screw rod (22) penetrates through the top side wall of the dust collection box (3) and extends to the inside of the dust collection box (3), a vertical shielding plate (23) is provided inside the dust collection box (3), the bottom of the screw rod (22) is connected with the inner thread of the baffle plate (23).
6. An absorption and purification system for tunnel construction dust and harmful gases according to claim 5, characterized in that the bottom of the right side of the shielding plate (23) is vertically provided with a telescopic mechanism (24), the right end of the telescopic mechanism (24) is provided with a dust removal brush body (25), and the dust removal brush body (25) is provided with a plurality of bristles (26).
7. The dust and harmful gas absorption and purification system for tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein the telescopic mechanism (24) comprises a sleeve (27), a telescopic rod (28) and a return spring (29), the left end of the sleeve (27) is connected with the bottom of the right side of the shielding plate (23), the left end of the telescopic rod (28) extends into the sleeve (27), the left end of the telescopic rod (28) is connected with the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve (27) through the return spring (29), and the right end of the telescopic rod (28) is connected with the left side of the dust removing brush body (25).
8. The system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein the air inlet of the exhaust fan (4) is communicated with the dust collection box (3), and the air outlet of the exhaust fan (4) is connected with the catalyst box (6), the catalyst box (6) and the alkaline reagent box (7), the alkaline reagent box (7) and the desiccant box (8), and the desiccant box (8) and the gas collection box (9) through gas conduits (10).
9. The system for absorbing and purifying tunnel construction dust and harmful gas according to claim 1, wherein a ceramic honeycomb body is provided inside the catalyst box (6), an alumina coating layer is attached to an outer surface of the ceramic honeycomb body, and a catalyst is impregnated in the alumina coating layer.
10. The system for absorbing and purifying dust and harmful gas in tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline reagent tank (7) is filled with NaOH solution with a concentration of 20% -30%, and the desiccant tank (8) is filled with anhydrous calcium chloride powder.
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ZA2022/10286A ZA202210286B (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-09-16 | Absorption and purification system for dust and harmful gas of tunnel construction |
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CN115254434A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electrostatic dust removal system and control method |
CN117244394A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-12-19 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Tunnel construction flue gas treatment system and treatment method |
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