CN114665258A - Positioning antenna resisting multipath interference - Google Patents
Positioning antenna resisting multipath interference Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114665258A CN114665258A CN202210355467.2A CN202210355467A CN114665258A CN 114665258 A CN114665258 A CN 114665258A CN 202210355467 A CN202210355467 A CN 202210355467A CN 114665258 A CN114665258 A CN 114665258A
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- antenna
- choke
- positioning antenna
- interference
- frequency
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/526—Electromagnetic shields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses an anti-multipath interference positioning antenna, which comprises a GNSS antenna, a choke structure, a low-noise amplifier and a shielding box, wherein the GNSS antenna, the choke structure, the low-noise amplifier and the shielding box are sequentially connected; the choke structure comprises an annular substrate and metal layers covering two surfaces and the central side surface of the substrate; the width of the metal layer in the radial direction is 0.25 lambda, and lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna. This anti multipath interference's location antenna sets up choke structure level, through establishing the printed metal layer at the base plate, forms the metal slot of side open-ended, can restrain the interference of the multipath signal behind the reflection of GNSS antenna dead astern/side rear/refraction, and thickness that can greatly reduced this location antenna conveniently installs it in narrow and small space. For the positioning antenna with the multi-frequency signal receiving capability, a plurality of choke structures can be arranged along the thickness direction and/or the width direction, so that the reflection/refraction signals in each frequency band can be suppressed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a positioning antenna capable of resisting multipath interference.
Background
At present, more and more automobiles have an automatic driving or driving assisting function, a navigation positioning system is used as a part of the automatic driving system, great demands are made on a high-precision positioning antenna, a carrier phase differential positioning technology is generally used for high-precision positioning, and the high requirements on multipath interference resisting signals of the antenna are met. It is common practice to use a choke Ring (Chock Ring) technique to make a set of concentric metal slots with the size of 1/4 wavelength depth around the navigation positioning antenna, so as to cancel out the multipath (reflection and refraction) signals of the same satellite by anti-phase. This kind of location antenna who sets up choke on the vertical direction thickness is greater than the 1/4 wavelength of operating band, and its appearance size is great, uses on the car to influence the appearance design of car and occupy the great equipment space of car, and the weight of this kind of antenna is big in addition, material cost is high, the processing degree of difficulty is great.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is made to solve the above technical problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a positioning antenna with a small size and easy manufacturing.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anti-multipath-interference positioning antenna, which comprises a GNSS antenna, a choke structure, a low noise amplifier and a shielding box, which are connected in sequence; the choke structure comprises an annular substrate and metal layers covering two surfaces and the central side surface of the substrate; the width of the metal layer in the radial direction is 0.25 lambda, and lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna.
Preferably, n adjacent choke structures are arranged along the thickness direction for suppressing the interference signals of the electromagnetic waves of n frequency bands, wherein the width of the metal layer in the ith choke structure along the radial direction is 0.25 lambdai，λiIs the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave in the ith frequency band, n is a natural number greater than 1, and i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
Preferably, m concentric holes are provided in the width directionThe choke structure is used for suppressing interference signals of electromagnetic waves of m frequency bands, wherein the width of the metal layer in the jth choke structure along the radial direction is 0.25 lambdaj，λjIs the wavelength corresponding to the electromagnetic wave center frequency of the jth frequency band, m is a natural number larger than 1, and j is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to m.
Preferably, the choke structure is a printed circuit board, and the metal layers are printed on both surfaces and a central side surface of the substrate.
Preferably, the low noise amplifier is a printed circuit board structure, and a signal amplifying circuit is printed on the surface of the low noise amplifier.
Preferably, the substrate is made of FR4 or F4B or ceramic.
According to the above description and practice, the choke structure is horizontally arranged, the metal groove with the opening on the side is formed by arranging the printed metal layer on the substrate, so that the interference of multipath signals reflected/refracted right behind/behind the GNSS antenna can be inhibited, and meanwhile, the thickness of the positioning antenna can be greatly reduced due to the adoption of the horizontal plate-type structure, so that the positioning antenna is convenient to mount in a narrow space. For the positioning antenna with the multi-frequency signal receiving capability, a plurality of choke structures can be arranged along the thickness direction and/or the width direction, so that the reflection/refraction signals in each frequency band can be inhibited, the signals received by the GNSS antenna and formed by superposing direct waves and reflection/refraction waves have small amplitude and phase changes, and the multipath effect error is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a positioning antenna resistant to multipath interference according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a positioning antenna resistant to multipath interference according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a positioning antenna resistant to multipath interference in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a positioning antenna resistant to multipath interference in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1. GNSS antenna 2, choke structure 3, low noise amplifier
4. Shield case 5, substrate 6, metal layer
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments, however, may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. In the present disclosure, the terms "include", "arrange", "disposed" and "disposed" are used to mean open-ended inclusion, and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. in addition to the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely as labels, and are not limiting as to the number or order of their objects; the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the embodiment, a positioning antenna for resisting multipath interference is disclosed, fig. 1 shows an exploded structure of the positioning antenna for resisting multipath interference, and fig. 2 shows a sectional structure of the positioning antenna for resisting multipath interference.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the positioning antenna for resisting multipath interference includes a GNSS antenna 1, a choke structure 2, a low noise amplifier 3 and a shielding box 4, which are connected in sequence, and the four are fixedly connected to form the antenna. The GNSS antenna 1 is configured to receive a satellite signal, amplify the satellite signal by the low noise amplifier 3, and transmit the amplified signal to a signal processing system. The shielding box 4 is used for shielding interference signals, especially mutual interference signals with other equipment in a use environment, so that the GNSS antenna 1, the choke structure 2 and the low noise amplifier 3 can stably operate. The choke structure 2 is used to suppress multipath signals reflected or refracted from the same satellite directly behind and laterally behind the GNSS antenna 1. Specifically, part of the signals emitted by the satellites are directly radiated to the surface of the GNSS antenna 1, and then the signals are received and processed by the GNSS antenna 1, and part of the signals are reflected by metal behind the GNSS antenna 1 or refracted by metal on the side of the GNSS antenna 1 and then radiated to the GNSS antenna 1 again, so as to interfere with the signals received by the GNSS antenna 1, and the choke structure 2 is used for suppressing the interference signals.
The choke structure 2 includes an annular substrate 5 and metal layers 6 covering both surfaces and a central side surface of the substrate 5, wherein a width of the metal layers 6 in a radial direction is 0.25 λ, and λ is a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency of an electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna 1. When the GNSS antenna 1 operates, the frequency of the received electromagnetic wave may be a fixed value, or a certain frequency band, or multiple fixed values/frequency bands. When the frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna 1 is a fixed frequency, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the frequency; when the frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna 1 is within a frequency band range, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the central frequency of the frequency band; when the frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna 1 is in a plurality of fixed frequency/frequency band ranges, a plurality of choke structures 2 are required to be disposed at this time, and respectively suppress the interference signals of the electromagnetic wave of corresponding frequency/frequency band, and accordingly, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the center frequency of each frequency or frequency band.
The metal layers 6 on the two surfaces and the central side of the substrate 5 may form a metal slot with an opening facing the periphery, and may divide the multi-path signals reflected/refracted right behind/side behind the GNSS antenna 1 into two components with equal amplitudes: the secondary wave path passes through the metal groove with the length of 0.25 lambda, and is 0.5 lambda more than the primary wave path (namely, the phase change is 180 degrees), the secondary wave path and the primary wave path are in opposite phase at the notch of the metal groove, and the secondary wave path and the primary wave path can be mutually offset after superposition, so that the interference of multipath signals after reflection/refraction right behind/behind the GNSS antenna 1 can be eliminated.
Taking the frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna 1 as a fixed frequency, the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the frequency is λ0In this case, the width of the metal layers 6 on both surfaces of the substrate 5 in the radial direction is 0.25 λ0In use, the electromagnetic wave directly incident on the GNSS antenna 1 can be received and processed, and the multi-path electromagnetic wave reflected/refracted from the front/back of the GNSS antenna 1 is divided into two components with equal amplitudes: primary and secondary waves, wherein the path of the secondary wave has a length of 0.25 lambda0Metal channel of 0.5 lambda more than primary wave0(namely, the phase is changed by 180 degrees), the two phases are opposite at the notch of the metal groove, and the two phases can be mutually offset after being superposed, so that the interference of multi-path signals after reflection/refraction right behind/side behind the GNSS antenna 1 is eliminated.
Accordingly, when the frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna 1 is within a frequency band range, λ may be the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the center frequency of the frequency band when calculating the width of the metal layers 6 on the two surfaces of the substrate 5 in the radial direction. At this time, in the frequency band range, the multipath signals reflected/refracted right behind/side behind the GNSS antenna 1 can be cancelled to the greatest extent, so that the GNSS antenna 1 is in the optimal working state.
The choke structure 2 may be a printed circuit board, for example, with metal layers 6 printed on both surfaces and the central side of the substrate 5. As a mature prior art, the printed circuit board can reduce the manufacturing cost of the choke structure 2, and can also reduce the thickness of the anti-multipath-interference positioning antenna, thereby facilitating the installation thereof in a narrow space. In addition, the low-noise amplifier 3 also adopts a printed circuit board structure, and a signal amplifying circuit is printed on the surface of the low-noise amplifier, so that the thickness of the positioning antenna for resisting multipath interference can be further reduced. In addition, the choke structure 2 and the substrate 5 of the low noise amplifier 3 may be made of FR4 or F4B or ceramic, which has low cost, is convenient for circuit printing, and can improve the manufacturing efficiency while reducing the cost.
When the frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna 1 is within N fixed frequency/frequency band ranges, N choke structures 2 are required to be disposed at this time to suppress the interference signals of the electromagnetic wave of the corresponding frequency/frequency band, and accordingly, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the center frequency of each frequency or frequency band. Taking the frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna 1 as N frequency band ranges as an example, at this time, N adjacent choke structures 2 may be disposed along the thickness direction to suppress the interference signal of the electromagnetic wave of the N frequency bands, wherein the width of the metal layer 6 in the i-th choke structure 2 along the radial direction is 0.25 λi，λiThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave in the ith frequency band is N and N are natural numbers which are larger than 1, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and N is equal to N. Alternatively, m concentric choke structures 2 may be disposed along the width direction to suppress the interference signals of the electromagnetic waves of N frequency bands, wherein the width of the metal layer 6 in the jth choke structure 2 along the radial direction is 0.25 λj，λiThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave in the jth frequency band is m, which is a natural number greater than 1, j is greater than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to m, and m is equal to N. Alternatively, N adjacent choke structures 2 may be provided in the thickness direction, and m concentric choke structures 2 may be provided in the width direction to suppress the interference signals of the electromagnetic waves in N frequency bands, each choke structure 2 corresponds to one frequency band, and the width of the metal layer 6 thereon is one quarter of the wavelength of the central frequency electromagnetic wave in the frequency band, where m + N is N.
Fig. 3 and 4 show, in cross-section, a positioning antenna with two choke structures 2, respectively, for the case of a GNSS antenna 1 that can receive signals in two frequency bands. In fig. 3, two choke structures 2 are arranged along the thickness direction of the positioning antenna, and since the choke structures 2 adopt a printed circuit board, the total thickness of the positioning antenna is greatly reduced compared with the conventional positioning antenna. In fig. 4, two choke structures 2 are arranged along the width direction of the positioning antenna, because the choke structures 2 adopt the printed circuit board, the total thickness of the positioning antenna is greatly reduced compared with the traditional positioning antenna, and in addition, because the two choke structures 2 are concentric circular ring structures, the width of the positioning antenna in the horizontal direction is not too large, so that the positioning antenna is convenient to mount.
Above-mentioned anti multipath interference's location antenna sets up choke structure 2 level, through establishing printed metal layer 6 at base plate 5, forms the metal slot of side open-ended, can restrain the interference of the multipath signal after the reflection of GNSS antenna 1 dead astern/side rear/refraction, simultaneously owing to adopted horizontal plate structure, can greatly reduced this location antenna's thickness, conveniently install it in narrow and small space. For the positioning antenna with the multi-frequency signal receiving capability, a plurality of choke structures 2 can be arranged along the thickness direction and/or the width direction, so that the reflection/refraction signals in each frequency band can be inhibited, and the GNSS antenna 1 can accurately and stably operate.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (6)
1. A positioning antenna resisting multipath interference is characterized by comprising a GNSS antenna, a choke structure, a low-noise amplifier and a shielding box which are connected in sequence;
the choke structure comprises an annular substrate and metal layers covering two surfaces and the central side surface of the substrate; the width of the metal layer in the radial direction is 0.25 lambda, and lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave received by the GNSS antenna.
2. The positioning antenna resistant to multipath interference of claim 1,
n adjacent choke structures are arranged along the thickness direction for suppressing interference signals of electromagnetic waves of n frequency bands, wherein the width of the metal layer in the ith choke structure along the radial direction is 0.25 lambdai，λiIs the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave in the ith frequency band, n is a natural number greater than 1, and i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
3. The multi-path interference resistant positioning antenna according to claim 1 or 2,
m concentric choke structures are arranged along the width direction and used for suppressing interference signals of electromagnetic waves of m frequency bands, wherein the width of the metal layer in the jth choke structure along the radial direction is 0.25 lambdaj，λjIs the wavelength corresponding to the electromagnetic wave center frequency of the jth frequency band, m is a natural number larger than 1, and j is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to m.
4. The multi-path interference resilient positioning antenna of claim 1,
the choke structure is a printed circuit board, and the metal layers are printed on two surfaces and a central side surface of the substrate.
5. The multi-path interference resilient positioning antenna of claim 1,
the low noise amplifier is of a printed circuit board structure, and a signal amplifying circuit is printed on the surface of the low noise amplifier.
6. The multi-path interference resilient positioning antenna of claim 1,
the substrate is made of FR4 or F4B or ceramic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210355467.2A CN114665258B (en) | 2022-04-06 | Positioning antenna for resisting multipath interference |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210355467.2A CN114665258B (en) | 2022-04-06 | Positioning antenna for resisting multipath interference |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114665258A true CN114665258A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| CN114665258B CN114665258B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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