CN114914716A - Beidou all-through integrated antenna - Google Patents
Beidou all-through integrated antenna Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/525—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between emitting and receiving antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave array antennas and discloses a Beidou all-in-one integrated antenna which comprises a microstrip antenna unit, wherein the microstrip antenna unit comprises 1 Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit, 1-8 Beidou short message receiving antenna units, 1-8 Beidou B3 antenna units, 1 or 2 Beidou B1 antenna units and 4-16 all-in-one receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units, and the distances from the Beidou short message receiving antenna unit, the Beidou B3 antenna unit, the Beidou B1 antenna unit and the all-in-one receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit to the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit are sequentially increased. The invention solves the problems that the Beidou antenna through hole diameter comprehensive design in the prior art is low in integration level, high performance and high antenna hole diameter utilization rate are difficult to simultaneously consider, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave array antennas, in particular to a Beidou space-through integrated antenna.
Background
Conventional radio frequency devices typically only perform a single combat task, with the corresponding antennas performing independent radio frequency functions. With the increasingly complex modern electromagnetic environment, the electronic information devices used by electronic platforms, such as communication, radar detection, navigation, and the like, are greatly increased, so that the types and the number of antennas are continuously increased, and thus, a plurality of problems are brought about: firstly, various antennas are densely distributed, and excessive independent antenna apertures are not beneficial to top layer design and optimization of electromagnetic compatibility; secondly, modern electronic platforms have higher and higher requirements for the integration level of radio equipment, and the space available for antennas on the platform is continuously compressed, so that antennas with various independent functions need to be effectively integrated under the condition of limited antenna aperture. Therefore, based on the new generation of electronic platform integration requirements, the aperture integrated design must be performed on the antennas with different functions, and the antenna apertures as few as possible are adopted to meet the multifunctional requirements.
The foreign mobile communication satellite system mainly comprises a maritime satellite (international maritime organization), an European Star (academicia) and an Iridium (American) mobile communication system, which all work in an L frequency band. The maritime satellite system mainly provides maritime communication service and has public service property and commercial property of safe communication in marine distress; the European-Star system only covers Asia European and Nos Australia and does not provide global services; the iridium satellite system adopts low orbit (other adopt geosynchronous orbit), the number of satellites is up to 66, the maintenance and operation cost is high, and the ground mobile communication is rapidly developed, so that the civil customers are few, the main customers are America military, the wartime communication is provided for the America military, and simultaneously, the GPS performance is enhanced and the wartime GPS capability backup is provided by integrating with the GPS.
The Tiantong number one system (synchronous orbit, S frequency band) is a satellite mobile communication system in China, is not limited by geographical environment, and can provide voice, short message and data services for users; the Beidou satellite navigation system can provide positioning, navigation and time service for users and short message communication characteristic service. A satellite terminal of a high-flux communication satellite system (frequency bands Ka and above) adopts a directional antenna, and in order to ensure broadband communication capacity, the array scale and the aperture are large, and the space utilization rate and the structure reuse degree cannot be effectively improved by aperture synthesis with a Beidou antenna. The space-through and Beidou systems both support omnidirectional antenna receiving, the wave beam coverage space of the application terminal antenna is consistent, the working frequency ranges are relatively close, the functions are complementary, the array apertures are close, the aperture comprehensive design is suitable for being carried out, the aperture utilization rate of the Beidou space-through integrated antenna is high, and the active module is easy to be integrated and designed. However, in the existing electronic platform, the big dipper and the antenna are mostly independent in aperture, and a high-performance big dipper antenna aperture integrated antenna with a low profile and a small aperture is urgently needed to be designed.
At present, the research on the Beidou skynet integrated antenna is less, and certain defects exist. The communication and navigation integrated antenna in the patent application with the application publication number of CN110401034A and the name of 'a communication and navigation integrated antenna' is composed of 24 array elements, and comprises 1 Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit, 1 Beidou short message receiving antenna unit, 4 Beidou B3 antenna units, 2 Beidou B1 direction-finding antenna units, 8 skynet receiving antenna units and 8 skynet transmitting antenna units, wherein the skynet transmitting and receiving units are not arranged in a laminated common caliber manner, but are arranged in parallel, and the skynet transmitting and receiving circular ring array has no effective gap for arranging two Beidou B1 direction-finding antennas, so that the baseline distance is limited, and the direction-finding precision is low; meanwhile, the antenna does not support the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving function. In addition, the satellite-navigation integrated antenna in the patent with the authorization publication number of CN209766655U and the name of "a novel satellite array antenna based on a planar phased array" is composed of 13 array elements, and comprises 1 big dipper short message transmitting antenna unit, 4 big dipper short message receiving antenna units, 4 big dipper B3 antenna units (two B3 units are compatible with 2 big dipper B1 direction-finding antenna units through a laminated design) and 4 satellite-navigation receiving and transmitting antenna units, wherein the antenna satellite-navigation receiving and transmitting array is a square array, the number of the elements is 4, and the array gain is low; meanwhile, the Beidou B1 direction-finding antenna units are not independently arranged, the baseline distance of the Beidou B1 direction-finding antenna units is limited by the layout of the Beidou B3 navigation anti-interference array, and the direction-finding precision is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a Beidou space-through integrated antenna, and solves the problems that the Beidou space through aperture is low in comprehensive design integration level, high performance and high antenna aperture utilization rate are difficult to consider simultaneously and the like in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a big dipper sky leads to integration antenna, including microstrip antenna unit, microstrip antenna unit includes 1 big dipper short message transmitting antenna unit, 1 ~ 8 big dipper short message receiving antenna unit, 1 ~ 8 big dipper B3 antenna unit, 1 or 2 big dipper B1 antenna unit, 4 ~ 16 sky leads to receiving and dispatching stromatolite antenna unit, big dipper short message receiving antenna unit, big dipper B3 antenna unit, big dipper B1 antenna unit, the distance that sky leads to receiving and dispatching stromatolite antenna unit to big dipper short message transmitting antenna unit increases in proper order.
As a preferred technical scheme, the big dipper short message receiving antenna units are distributed on the same circle with the big dipper short message transmitting antenna units as the circle center, the big dipper B3 antenna units are distributed on the same circle with the big dipper short message transmitting antenna units as the circle center, the big dipper B1 antenna units are distributed on the same circle with the big dipper short message transmitting antenna units as the circle center, and the skynet transmitting-receiving laminated antenna units are distributed on the same circle with the big dipper short message transmitting antenna units as the circle center.
As a preferred technical scheme, the Beidou short message receiving antenna units are uniformly distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna units as the circle center, the Beidou B3 antenna units are uniformly distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna units as the circle center, the Beidou B1 antenna units are uniformly distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna units as the circle center, and the skynet receiving and stacking antenna units are uniformly distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna units as the circle center.
As an optimal technical scheme, the number of the Beidou short message receiving antenna units is 4, the number of the Beidou B3 antenna units is 4, the number of the Beidou B1 antenna units is 2, and the number of the antenna receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units is 8.
As a preferred technical scheme, the distance between adjacent Beidou short message receiving antenna units is 48.2 mm-72.2 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme, the distance between adjacent Beidou B3 antenna units is 94.6-141.9 mm.
As a preferable technical solution, the antenna laminated transmitting and receiving antenna unit includes an antenna receiving antenna and an antenna transmitting antenna having a common aperture.
As a preferable technical scheme, the skynet transmitting-receiving laminated antenna units are rotationally arranged in a circular array form, and the diameter of the circle is 227.3 mm-257.6 mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the distance between the adjacent antenna stacked transmitting and receiving antenna units is 75.8 mm-106.1 mm.
As an optimal technical scheme, the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit, the Beidou short message receiving antenna unit, the Beidou B3 antenna unit and the Beidou B1 antenna unit all adopt antenna units of a double-feed antenna structure, and the space-through receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit all adopts antenna units of a laminated single-feed antenna structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the Beidou antenna through hole diameter integrated antenna realizes the common-caliber integration of a Beidou short message anti-interference receiving antenna, a Beidou short message transmitting antenna, a Beidou navigation anti-interference antenna, a direction-finding antenna and an antenna transceiving phased array antenna through the high-isolation design of an antenna unit, the integrated design of the antenna unit and a feed network thereof and the array manifold design;
(2) in the array, the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit 2 realizes good out-of-roundness characteristic of the azimuth plane through 45-degree rotation of an array element; the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving arrays and the Beidou B3 anti-interference arrays are arranged in a staggered mode, the requirement of array element spacing of half wavelength is met, and the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving arrays and the Beidou B3 anti-interference arrays have good three-interference resistance characteristics; the antenna receiving and transmitting array realizes common caliber through the laminated design of the units, the uniform circular array improves the array axial ratio performance through rotary arrangement, and in the design of the antenna receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit 6, the feed structure is optimally designed by utilizing a microstrip antenna central zero field intensity channel, so that the high isolation of the receiving and transmitting antenna with similar frequency is realized;
(3) the Beidou B1 dual-antenna unit is designed into a 12-edge structure in an anisotropic mode, so that the Beidou B1 dual-antenna unit is effectively embedded into an skynet receiving and transmitting array, the maximization of the distance between the dual antennas is realized, and the direction finding precision is improved;
(4) according to the designed Beidou antenna integrated antenna with the through aperture, the Beidou antenna supports the functions of Beidou anti-interference navigation positioning, short message communication and north finding and direction finding, meanwhile, based on the Beidou positioning and the double-antenna north finding and direction finding, the skynet array antenna can support communication in motion, and a communication satellite is tracked and aligned in real time through autonomous satellite finding;
(5) this design is according to function and application demand, carries out the design of isomerism to the unit, has realized that the unit is miniaturized and high isolation characteristic between the array element, and in addition, make full use of space and polarization are kept apart and are carried out array manifold design, have realized that multi-functional, multi-mode big dipper sky leads to antenna aperture integrated design in the L, S wave bands.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of coordinate system definition according to the present invention; t system
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the antenna feed network structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a skynet transceiver laminate unit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of the main structure dimensions of the antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing simulation results of the transmit-receive isolation of 8 antenna elements of the antenna of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings: 1-antenna housing, 2-big dipper short message transmitting antenna unit, 3-big dipper short message receiving antenna unit, 4-big dipper B3 antenna unit, 5-big dipper B1 antenna unit, 6-skyward transmitting-receiving laminated antenna unit, 7-metal base plate, 8-M2.5 x 10mm countersunk screw, 9-M2.5 x 6mm countersunk screw, 10-M2.5 x 5mm countersunk screw, 11-double probe, 12-single probe, 13-skyward receiving antenna, 14-skyward transmitting antenna, 15-cubic gap, 16-resistance, 17-RDSS L frequency band Wilkinson power divider, 18-RDSS frequency band Wilkinson power divider, 19-RNSS B3 frequency band Wilkinson divider, 20-RNSS B1 frequency band Wilkinson power divider, 21-metallized through hole, 22-SMP connector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the invention provides a low-profile and small-caliber high-performance Beidou antenna integrated antenna with a simple structure, which is clear in antenna principle and easy for engineering realization, aiming at the defects of the prior Beidou antenna integrated antenna technology. Spatial multiplexing and multifunctional effective integration are realized through unit lamination design and array manifold design.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: big dipper day aperture synthesizes integration antenna includes: antenna cover 1, antenna array face and metal substrate 7, the antenna array face contains 19 microstrip antenna unit, by interior to arranging 1 big dipper short message transmitting antenna unit 2, 4 big dipper short message receiving antenna unit 3, 4 big dipper B3 antenna unit 4, 2 big dipper B1 antenna unit 5 and 8 day logical receiving and dispatching laminated antenna unit 6 outward in proper order, the array is arranged and is had the structure symmetry characteristic. In order to realize good circular polarization characteristics, all Beidou microstrip antenna units are designed into a two-layer structure, the upper layer is a radiation patch dielectric substrate, the lower layer is a radio frequency feed network dielectric substrate, firstly, double probes 11 are adopted to realize the double polarization characteristics for square radiation patch feeding, and then amplitude-phase characteristics (equal amplitude and 90-degree phase difference) required by two feed points of the antenna are provided through a Wilkinson power divider (strip line type), so that the circular polarization radiation characteristics are realized; meanwhile, in order to realize miniaturization and high isolation characteristic, the antenna-pass receiving and transmitting laminated microstrip antenna adopts a single probe 12 to feed so as to realize circular polarization performance. In the aspect of unit design: firstly, reducing the size of each unit through an anisotropic design; secondly, designing parameters of the radiation patch dielectric substrate plate to enable the radiation patch dielectric substrate plate to resonate in a working frequency band, and quickly attenuating outside the band to inhibit mutual interference among units; meanwhile, the feed structure of the antenna element 6 is optimally designed by using the central zero-field-intensity channel of the microstrip antenna, so that the high isolation of the receiving and transmitting antenna with similar frequency is realized. Array manifold design aspect: firstly, in order to realize the good out-of-roundness characteristic of the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit 2, the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit is arranged at the center of an array and is rotated for 45 degrees (taking a Z axis as reference) so as to effectively reduce the mutual coupling between the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit and other units in the array; secondly, the number of array elements of the square array of the Beidou short message receiving antenna and the Beidou navigation B3 antenna is 4, the array element interval is designed to be about half wavelength, the typical application requirement of three-interference resistance is met, and meanwhile, the two arrays are arranged in a staggered mode to reduce unit coupling; in addition, aperture synthesis of an antenna receiving array antenna and an antenna transmitting array antenna is achieved based on the laminated design of the antenna receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit 6, meanwhile, in order to integrate a plurality of Beidou and antenna units in a small aperture as much as possible and improve aperture utilization rate, the antenna receiving and transmitting array antenna array is designed into a uniform circular array and is rotationally distributed at the edge position of a floor, meanwhile, the antenna cover 1 and the metal bottom plate 7 are designed into a circular shape so as to be beneficial to the uniformity of gain of the antenna receiving and transmitting array antenna in azimuth scanning, the number of S satellite communication array elements is 8, and the requirement of 384Kb/S universal communication rate is met; and finally, the space-through array gap is fully utilized, the double antennas are arranged in the space-through array gap through the dissimilarity design of the Beidou B1 antenna unit 5, the relative maximization of the baseline distance is realized, and meanwhile, the characteristics that two frequency bands of RNSS B1 and GPS L1 are close are utilized, the working frequency band of the GPS L1 can be compatible through the spread bandwidth on the basis of the B1 antenna, so that the Beidou/GPS double-frequency double-antenna direction-finding function is supported. It should be noted that, the polarization isolation among the antennas is fully utilized in the array manifold design, the same polarized antennas are designed to have larger spacing, and different polarized antennas can be designed to have smaller spacing, because the polarization rotation directions (left-hand circular polarization) of the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit 2 and the skyton receiving and transmitting array antenna are opposite to the polarization rotation directions (right-hand circular polarization) of the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving array, the Beidou navigation B3 anti-interference array and the Beidou B1 double-antenna array, the increase of mutual coupling caused by the close arrangement of the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit and the skyton receiving array antenna can be effectively reduced by utilizing the polarization isolation. The antenna is characterized in that: all Beidou microstrip antenna units adopt a double-fed antenna mode, and all antenna-pass microstrip antenna units adopt a laminated double-frequency antenna mode; the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit 2 is positioned in the center of the array and rotates by 45 degrees (taking the Z axis as reference); the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving array consists of 4 units and is arranged on an X axis and a Y axis in a square array mode; the Beidou B3 anti-interference array consists of 4 units and is arranged on an XOY face angular axis in a square array form; the skynet receiving and transmitting array realizes common caliber through the laminated design of the transmitting and receiving units, the skynet transmitting and receiving array consists of 8 laminated units, and is rotationally arranged on phi 22.5 degrees, 67.5 degrees, and 337.5 degrees (at an interval of 45 degrees) in an annular array form; the antenna-through receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit 6 utilizes a central zero field intensity channel of the microstrip antenna to optimize a feed structure, so that high isolation of receiving and transmitting close frequency is realized; the Beidou B1 direction-finding array (compatible with the GPS L1 frequency band) is arranged on the Y axis in a double-antenna mode, and is arranged in the space of the sky-through receiving and transmitting array in a size reduced through an anisotropic design.
The utility model provides a big dipper sky aperture synthesizes integration antenna, includes three: the first part is a honeycomb sandwich structure antenna housing 1; the second part is an antenna array surface and comprises 19 microstrip antenna units, and 1 Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit 2, 4 Beidou short message receiving antenna units 3, 4 Beidou B3 antenna units 4, 2 Beidou B1 antenna units 5 and 8 skynet receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units 6 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the third part is a metal bottom plate 7, the radome 1 and the antenna array surface are mounted on the metal bottom plate 7 through countersunk screws, and meanwhile, the SMP connector 22 is embedded into the metal bottom plate 7, and the antenna unit is fed in a back feeding mode.
Preferably, the following components: all big dipper microstrip antenna unit all adopt double-fed antenna form, and all sky lead to microstrip antenna unit all adopt stromatolite list to feed the antenna form.
Preferably: the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit 2 is located in the center of the array, and mutual coupling with other units in the array is reduced through 45-degree rotation (taking the Z axis as reference), so that the azimuth plane gain out-of-roundness performance of the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit 2 is improved.
Preferably: the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving array consists of 4 units, is arranged on an X axis and a Y axis in a square array form, and has an array element interval of 48.2-72.2 mm (about 0.4 lambda) 0,S ～0.6λ 0,S ) (λ 0,S Is free space wavelength, lambda, corresponding to the center frequency of 2491.75MHz of RDSS S frequency band 0,S About is). More preferably, the array element spacing is 60.1mm (0.5 λ) 0,S )。
Preferably: beidou navigation B3 antiThe interference array is composed of 4 units, is arranged on an XOY face angular axis in a square array form, and has an array element spacing of 94.6-141.9 mm (about 0.4 lambda) 0,B3 ～0.6λ 0,B3 ) (λ 0,B3 A free space wavelength corresponding to the RNSS B3 band center frequency of 1268.52 MHz). More preferably, the array element spacing is 112mm (0.47 lambda) 0,B3 )。
Preferably: the skynet receiving and transmitting array realizes common caliber through the laminated design of the transmitting and receiving units, the skynet transmitting and receiving array consists of 8 laminated units, the skynet transmitting and receiving array is rotationally arranged on phi 22.5 degrees, 67.5 degrees, 337.5 degrees (at an interval of 45 degrees) in an annular array mode, and the diameter of a circular ring is 227.3mm to 257.6mm (about 1.5 lambda) 0,ST ～1.7λ 0,ST ) The array element spacing is 75.8 mm-106.1 mm (about 0.5 lambda) 0,ST ～0.7λ 0,ST ) (λ 0,ST Respectively, free space wavelengths corresponding to 1995MHz of the central frequency of the skynet transmission band). More preferably, the diameter of the ring is 236mm (about 1.72 lambda) 0,SR /1.57λ 0,ST ) The array element spacing is 90.31mm (0.66 lambda) 0,SR /0.6λ 0,ST )。
Preferably: the antenna-through receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit 6 utilizes a central zero-field-intensity channel of the microstrip antenna to optimize a feed structure, and achieves high isolation of receiving and transmitting close frequency.
Preferably: the Beidou B1 direction-finding arrays (compatible with GPS L1 frequency band) are arranged on the Y axis in a double-antenna mode, and are arranged in the space between the skynet receiving and transmitting arrays by reducing the size through anisotropic design, and the distance is 211.4 mm-249.8 mm (about 1.1 lambda) 0,B1 ～1.3λ 0,B1 )(λ 0,B1 A free space wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of 1561.098MHz of the RNSS B1 band). More preferably, the pitch is 236mm (about 1.23 λ) 0,B1 )。
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, as a further optimization of embodiment 1, this embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 1, and in addition, this embodiment further includes the following technical features:
the antenna comprises an antenna housing 1, an antenna array surface and a metal base plate 7, wherein the antenna housing 1 and the antenna array surface are installed on the metal base plate 7 through countersunk screws, the antenna is integrally of a cylindrical structure, and the total size is phi 300mm multiplied by 20 mm.
The antenna house 1 adopts novel honeycomb sandwich structure, and thickness is 2.5mm, designs into three layer construction: the middle layer of the antenna cover 1 is a honeycomb interlayer, the thickness of the honeycomb interlayer is 2mm, the relative dielectric constant is 1.08, the loss angle tangent value is 0.003, and the honeycomb structure is a hexagonal honeycomb structure; the outermost layer and the innermost layer are both glass fiber layers, the thickness of each glass fiber layer is 0.25mm, the relative dielectric constant is 4.2, the loss tangent value is 0.014, the material is glass fiber, and the radome has the characteristics of high wave transmittance, low loss, light weight, low cost and the like.
The total number of antenna units with various functions of an antenna array surface is 19, according to application requirements of the antennas with various functions and high isolation requirements between the antennas for receiving and transmitting, the Beidou short message transmitting antenna 2 is arranged in the center of the array and consists of two layers of printed boards, the size of an upper layer radiation patch medium substrate is 40mm multiplied by 4mm, the medium substrate is made of TP-2 materials with dielectric constants of 10.2 and loss angle tangent values of 0.0023, and the size of a double-feed point radiation patch is 28.2mm multiplied by 28.2 mm; the lower layer is a radio frequency feed network dielectric substrate, the RDSS L frequency band Wilkinson power divider 17 of the feed network adopts a strip line form, the total size of the dielectric substrate is 40mm multiplied by 2.1mm, two layers of printed boards with the thickness of 1mm (the material is RHC350A material with the dielectric constant of 3.5 and the loss tangent value of 0.002) are pressed through prepregs, and the type of an adhesive sheet used for pressing connection is Rogers 4450F, the dielectric constant of 3.48, the loss tangent value of 0.004 and the thickness of 0.1 mm. The feed network dielectric substrate comprises three metal layers, copper layers of the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface are basically reserved, and the middle layer is a Wilkinson power divider. It should be noted that two feed probes of the antenna need to pass through the feed network dielectric substrate and be welded on the back surface of the dielectric substrate, while the probes of the antenna SMP connector 22 pass through the feed network dielectric substrate and be welded on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, and meanwhile, the two layers of dielectric substrates of the antenna are designed with a cubic notch 15 which is positioned right above the welding point of the probes of the SMP connector 22, so as to weld the probes of the SMP connector 22. Meanwhile, a circle of metalized through holes are formed in the edge of the medium substrate and are connected with the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer, so that the generation of transmission signals in other modes is inhibited. In addition, in order to effectively improve the influence of strong coupling in the array on the out-of-roundness of the short message transmitting antenna, the short message transmitting antenna is designed to rotate by 45 degrees (taking the Z axis as reference).
The number of the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving array units is 4, the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving array units are arranged on an X axis and a Y axis in a square array mode, and the array element interval is 60.1mm (0.5 lambda) 0,S ) The structure form of the short message receiving antenna and the material of the two layers of dielectric substrates are the same as that of the short message transmitting antenna, the size of the radiation patch is 17.35mm multiplied by 17.35mm, and the sizes of the upper layer radiation patch and the lower layer RDSS S frequency band Wilkinson power divider 18) of the dielectric substrates are 28mm multiplied by 4mm and 28mm multiplied by 2.1mm respectively.
The number of the Beidou B3 anti-interference array units is 4, the Beidou B3 anti-interference array units are arranged on an XOY face angular axis in a square array mode, the array element spacing is 112mm (0.47 lambda 0, B3), the B3 antenna structure mode is that two layers of medium substrate materials are the same as a short message transmitting antenna, the radiation patch size is 36.7mm multiplied by 36.7mm, and the upper layer radiation patch and the lower layer RNSS B3 frequency band Wilkinson power divider 19) medium substrate sizes are 44mm multiplied by 4mm and 44mm multiplied by 2.1mm respectively.
The skynet receiving and transmitting array realizes common caliber through the laminated design of the transmitting and receiving units, the skynet transmitting and receiving array consists of 8 laminated units, the skynet transmitting and receiving array is rotationally arranged on phi 22.5 degrees, 67.5 degrees, and 337.5 degrees (at an interval of 45 degrees) in an annular array mode, and the diameter of a circular ring is 236mm (about 1.72 lambda) 0,SR /1.57 λ 0,ST ) The array element spacing is 90.31mm (0.66 lambda) 0,SR /0.6λ 0,ST ). The frequency of the antenna is close, so the receiving and transmitting array can adopt the same array element space, namely the receiving and transmitting antenna can be designed into a laminated structure. The upper layer of the designed antenna is an antenna receiving antenna 13, and miniaturization is realized by loading a U-shaped gap; the lower layer is an antenna 14, which is a conventional single-feed microstrip antenna. In a conventional stack design, the transmit-receive isolation is generally less than 10dB when the transmit-receive frequencies are close. Therefore, the feed structure is optimized by using the central zero field intensity channel of the microstrip antenna, and when the feed probe of the receiving antenna passes through the dielectric plate of the transmitting antenna, a circle of metalized through holes 21 short-circuited with the ground are loaded on the periphery of the feed probe, so that mutual coupling between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is effectively reduced, and the isolation is improved to more than 17.6 dB. Designed TiantongThe size of the upper receiving antenna radiating patch of the transceiving laminated antenna is 23.8mm multiplied by 23.8mm, the dielectric substrate is made of RC615B material with the dielectric constant of 6.15 and the loss tangent value of 0.003, and the size is 26mm multiplied by 3.175 mm; the radiation patch of the lower transmitting antenna has the size of 38.5mm multiplied by 38.5mm, the dielectric substrate is made of RHC350A material with the dielectric constant of 3.5 and the loss tangent value of 0.002, and the size is 46mm multiplied by 3 mm.
The Beidou B1 direction-finding array (compatible with GPSL1 frequency band) is arranged on a Y axis in a double-antenna mode, is designed into a 12-edge structure through anisotropy and is arranged in a space between the sky-through receiving and transmitting array, and the distance is 236mm (about 1.23 lambda) 0，B1 ) The B1 antenna structure form, two layers of dielectric substrate materials are the same as the short message transmitting antenna, the size of the radiation patch is 29.3mm multiplied by 29.3mm, the sizes of the dielectric substrates of the upper layer radiation patch and the lower layer RNSS B1 frequency band Wilkinson power divider (20) are 50mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 4mm and 50mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 2.1mm respectively, and in order to improve the stability of the antenna phase center, a 100 omega sheet resistor 16 is loaded on the Wilkinson power divider.
The antenna metal base plate 7 is made of aluminum alloy, the size of the antenna metal base plate is phi 300mm multiplied by 5mm, the SMP connector 22 is embedded into the metal base plate 7, and the antenna feed network is fed in a back feed mode. All north fill antenna element all openly install on metal baseplate 7 through M2.5 x 10mm countersunk screw 8, and all antenna elements all openly install on metal baseplate 7 through M2.5 x 6mm countersunk screw 9, and antenna housing 1 is installed on metal baseplate 7 through M2.5 x 5mm countersunk screw 10 side. A cylindrical hole and a cubic hole are designed in the antenna metal chassis 7 directly below the antenna dual probe 11 and the resistor 16, respectively, to prevent short circuits.
The main structural parameters of the antenna are shown in fig. 6, and the dimensions thereof are shown in table 1 (unit: mm).
| Parameter(s) | W1 | W2 | W3 | W4 | W5 | W6 | W7 | W8 | L1 |
| Numerical value | 50 | 36.7 | 44 | 17.35 | 28 | 112 | 236 | 300 | 38.5 |
| Parameter(s) | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | L7 | L8 | L9 | L10 |
| Numerical value | 23.8 | 46 | 26 | 60.1 | 40 | 28.2 | 90.31 | 29.3 | 40 |
The working principle of the Beidou antenna through hole diameter integrated antenna is as follows: the Beidou antenna through hole diameter integrated antenna realizes the common-aperture integration of the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving antenna, the Beidou short message transmitting antenna, the Beidou navigation anti-interference antenna, the direction-finding antenna and the antenna through the antenna unit high-isolation design, the antenna unit and the feed network integrated design and the array manifold design. In the array, the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit 2 realizes good out-of-roundness characteristic of the azimuth plane through 45-degree rotation of an array element; the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving array and the Beidou B3 anti-interference array are arranged in a staggered mode, the requirement of array element spacing of half wavelength is met, and the Beidou short message anti-interference receiving array and the Beidou B3 anti-interference array have good three-interference resistance characteristics; the skynet receiving and transmitting array realizes common caliber through the laminated design of the units, the uniform circular array improves the axial ratio performance of the array through rotary arrangement, and in the design of the skynet receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit 6, the feed structure is optimally designed by utilizing a central zero field intensity channel of a microstrip antenna, so that the high isolation of the receiving and transmitting antenna at similar frequency is realized; big dipper B1 dual antenna unit adopts the design of anisotropy to 12 limit shape structures to effectively imbed in the sky leads to receiving and dispatching array, realize dual antenna interval maximize, improved the direction finding precision. The integrated antenna is synthesized to north fill sky through-hole footpath that designs, big dipper antenna support big dipper anti-interference navigation location, short message communication, seek north direction finding function, simultaneously, based on big dipper location and two antennas seek north direction finding, the sky leads to the array antenna can support to lead to in the moving, through independently seeking star, tracks in real time, aims at communication satellite. This design is according to function and application demand, carries out the design of isomerism to the unit, has realized the miniaturization of unit and array element within a definite time high isolation characteristic, and in addition, make full use of space and polarization are kept apart and are carried out array manifold design, have realized that multi-functional, multi-mode big dipper day leads to antenna aperture integrated design in the L, S wave bands. In fig. 7, the transmit-receive isolation of the 8 skyway laminated antenna units in the skyway receiving frequency band (2.17GHz to 2.2GHz) is more than 17.6dB, and in the figure, the units 1 to 8 are respectively and rotationally arranged on phi 22.5 degrees, 67.5 degrees, and 337.5 degrees (at an interval of 45 degrees) in an annular array form.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all methods or process steps implicitly disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a big dipper sky leads to integration antenna, a serial communication port, including microstrip antenna unit, microstrip antenna unit includes 1 big dipper short message transmitting antenna unit (2), 1 ~ 8 big dipper short message receiving antenna unit (3), 1 ~ 8 big dipper B3 antenna unit (4), 1 or 2 big dipper B1 antenna unit (5), 4 ~ 16 sky lead to receiving and dispatching stromatolite antenna unit (6), big dipper short message receiving antenna unit (3), big dipper B3 antenna unit (4), big dipper B1 antenna unit (5), the distance that sky leads to receiving and dispatching stromatolite antenna unit (6) to big dipper short message transmitting antenna unit (2) increases in proper order.
2. The Beidou satellite-communication integrated antenna is characterized in that Beidou short message receiving antenna units (3) are distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna units (2) as the circle center, Beidou B3 antenna units (4) are distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna units (2) as the circle center, Beidou B1 antenna units (5) are distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna units (2) as the circle center, and Tiantong receiving laminated antenna units (6) are distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna units (2) as the circle center.
3. The Beidou satellite-communication integrated antenna is characterized in that Beidou short message receiving antenna units (3) are uniformly distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit (2) as the center of a circle, Beidou B3 antenna units (4) are uniformly distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit (2) as the center of a circle, Beidou B1 antenna units (5) are uniformly distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit (2) as the center of a circle, and satellite-communication receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units (6) are uniformly distributed on the same circle with the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit (2) as the center of a circle.
4. The Beidou all-in-one integrated antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of Beidou short message receiving antenna units (3) is 4, the number of Beidou B3 antenna units (4) is 4, the number of Beidou B1 antenna units (5) is 2, and the number of all-in-one receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units (6) is 8.
5. The Beidou antenna-satellite-communication integrated antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the distance between adjacent Beidou short message receiving antenna units (3) is 48.2 mm-72.2 mm.
6. The Beidou all-in-one integrated antenna is characterized in that the distance between adjacent Beidou B3 antenna units (4) is 94.6-141.9 mm.
7. The Beidou skywalking integrated antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that the skywalking transmitting and receiving laminated antenna unit (6) comprises a skywalking receiving antenna (13) and a skywalking transmitting antenna (14) with common calibers.
8. The Beidou skywalking integrated antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that the skywalking transmitting-receiving laminated antenna units (6) are rotationally arranged in a circular array form, and the circular diameter is 227.3 mm-257.6 mm.
9. The Beidou all-in-one integrated antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance between the adjacent all-in-one receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units (6) is 75.8 mm-106.1 mm.
10. The Beidou antenna-in-satellite-communication integrated antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit (2), the Beidou short message receiving antenna unit (3), the Beidou B3 antenna unit (4) and the Beidou B1 antenna unit (5) all adopt antenna units of a double-feed antenna structure, and the antenna-in-satellite receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit (6) all adopt antenna units of a laminated single-feed antenna structure.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116381740A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-07-04 | 北京蔚海明祥科技有限公司 | Communication positioning system and method based on Tiantong Beidou and iridium GPS |
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| CN103855463A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-11 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Anti-interference antenna array capable of increasing bottom elevation gains |
| KR101806188B1 (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-12-07 | 주식회사 아모텍 | Patch antenna module |
| CN209766655U (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-12-10 | 广州海格通信集团股份有限公司 | Novel satellite array antenna based on planar phased array |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103000991A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-03-27 | 中国航天科工集团第三研究院第八三五七研究所 | Miniature multiple anti-interference Beidou antenna array |
| CN103855463A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-11 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Anti-interference antenna array capable of increasing bottom elevation gains |
| KR101806188B1 (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-12-07 | 주식회사 아모텍 | Patch antenna module |
| CN209766655U (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-12-10 | 广州海格通信集团股份有限公司 | Novel satellite array antenna based on planar phased array |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116381740A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-07-04 | 北京蔚海明祥科技有限公司 | Communication positioning system and method based on Tiantong Beidou and iridium GPS |
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Application publication date: 20220816 |