CN111180868B - Satellite-borne SAR dual-polarization microstrip radiation subarray antenna - Google Patents
Satellite-borne SAR dual-polarization microstrip radiation subarray antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111180868B CN111180868B CN201911388098.1A CN201911388098A CN111180868B CN 111180868 B CN111180868 B CN 111180868B CN 201911388098 A CN201911388098 A CN 201911388098A CN 111180868 B CN111180868 B CN 111180868B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
Abstract
Aiming at the antenna polarization requirements of a multi-information-quantity space-borne SAR imaging system, the invention adopts reasonable unit layout combination and utilizes metalized through holes to isolate the mutual coupling problem between two polarization energies of the subarray, thereby solving the defects of cross polarization difference and port isolation difference of a space-borne active phased array radiation subarray, fully considering the space environment adaptability and reliability of the radiation subarray, fully paying attention to the aspects of material selection processing, processing selection, structural design layout and the like, and leading the radiation subarray to have the advantage of large-scale engineering application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave antennas, and particularly relates to a satellite-borne SAR antenna and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) detection based on a satellite-borne platform becomes an important means for military reconnaissance, homeland surveying and mapping and earthquake relief, and compared with an optical radar, the SAR has all-weather all-time advantages. With the continuous development of application requirements, the need of having the capability of collecting multi-polarization information for the SAR becomes more urgent, and the SAR antenna is a radio frequency front-end system for collecting polarization information and plays an important role. The radiation subarray is a basic unit of a conventional SAR antenna, and the performance of the radiation subarray directly determines the imaging quality of the SAR system. The conventional radiation subarray usually adopts two forms of a waveguide radiation subarray and a microstrip radiation subarray, and compared with the waveguide form, the microstrip antenna has the characteristics of low section and light weight, and particularly has obvious weight advantage in a low-frequency L, S wave band.
The design and research of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna are more, the theory is mature, the detailed research and analysis are carried out from the aspects of unit selection, linear array and planar array design, low cross polarization and the like, three dual-polarized microstrip sub-arrays of a1 multiplied by 8 unit double-slit coupling feed form and two 1 multiplied by 16 unit mixed feed forms are designed, the excitation feeder lines of the three types of radiation sub-arrays all adopt a microstrip line form, the thickness is larger, the design of a radio frequency interface is complicated, the dual-polarized microstrip antenna is not suitable for large-batch engineering application, the feeder lines between two polarizations do not adopt corresponding isolation measures, the feeder lines have self radiation effect, the cross polarization and the isolation degree of a single radiation sub-array do not reach the optimal design, the design of the radiation sub-arrays all adopt foam as supporting materials among all layers of the microstrip antenna, but the processing characteristics of the foam materials are poor, the adaptability to space application environments with high power and strong space radiation is poor, so that the design research on the satellite-borne dual-polarized microstrip antenna has a certain gap for engineering application.
The satellites of the microstrip radiating subarray adopted by the SAR running in orbit at present are the COSMO satellite developed in Italy and the ALOS satellite developed in Japan respectively, but the information about the radiating subarray is less, the specific engineering design and preparation scheme are not verified, the granted patent about the utility model of the microstrip patch antenna is a single polarization antenna used in the communication application field, the key point is that the antenna design is self, and the requirements on performance and realization are less.
The dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray is composed of a plurality of dual-polarized radiating units, a feed network among the units and corresponding multilayer dielectric materials, the dual-polarized microstrip units can be realized by adopting various forms of edge feed, probe feed, coupling feed and comprehensive feed, and certain measures are generally taken in the aspects of unit arrangement and feed coupling suppression for realizing high isolation and cross polarization of the radiating subarray.
With the severe requirement of the satellite on the load weight, the lightweight design of the radiation subarray becomes more important, and the existing form is also improved in the aspect of subarray architecture design. In order to meet the adaptability of space-borne space environment and improve the reliability of the radiation subarray in orbit, the design of the radiation subarray on the basis of mechanical heat and radiation resistance is also important, and the design is also careful in the aspect of selection of corresponding materials and processing schemes. Aiming at the requirements of a multi-information-quantity space-borne SAR imaging system on antenna polarization, reasonable unit layout combination is adopted, mutual coupling between two polarization energies of a sub-array is isolated by utilizing a metallized through hole, the defects of cross polarization difference and port isolation difference of a space-borne active phased array radiation sub-array are overcome, meanwhile, the space environment adaptability and reliability of the radiation sub-array are fully considered, the aspects of material selection processing, processing selection, structural design layout and the like are fully considered, so that the radiation sub-array has the advantages of large-scale engineering application, and important modification design of a new generation of antenna is required according to application background information.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a satellite-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna for solving the problems in the prior art, and adopts the following technical scheme for achieving the purpose.
The antenna comprises a structure supporting layer, a radiation layer, a feed coupling layer, a structure mounting plate and a radio frequency connector, wherein each layer is a plane lamination structure and is laminated layer by layer to form a whole.
The radiation layer is divided into a main radiation layer and a parasitic radiation layer, the structure of the radiation layer is similar, the radiation layer comprises a metal radiation patch and a microwave soft substrate, the printed board etching technology is adopted, one surface of the microwave soft substrate material with copper coated on two surfaces is etched into the metal radiation patch, copper coated on the other surface is completely etched and removed, and the whole body with one surface covering the metal radiation patch and the other surface not coated with copper on the microwave soft substrate is manufactured.
The metal radiation patch is formed by arranging a plurality of square patch units in a line, microwave signals with corresponding bandwidth are radiated or absorbed in a resonance state, and the sizes and the intervals of the metal radiation patches of the main radiation layer and the parasitic radiation layer are different.
The feed coupling layer comprises a feed line layer, a rubber mold, two coupling layers, two microwave soft substrates and metallized holes, one coupling layer covers one surface of each microwave soft substrate, the surface without the coupling layers is opposite, and the feed line layer is attached to the rubber mold and clamped between the two microwave soft substrates.
The coupling layer comprises a grounding layer and coupling gaps, the grounding layer covers the coupling gaps and the metallized holes in two polarization forms, the coupling gaps are formed by combining a plurality of pairs of polarization gaps in a straight line arrangement, and the metallized holes are distributed in a certain aperture, space and shape and are connected with the two grounding layers.
The polarization gap combination is formed by arranging a horizontal polarization gap and a vertical polarization gap in a T shape, wherein the horizontal polarization gap is in an I shape, and the vertical polarization gap is in an H shape.
The feeder layer comprises two forms of feeders and excitation lines, which are divided into a horizontal polarization feeder, a horizontal polarization excitation line, a vertical polarization feeder and a vertical polarization excitation line, and forms a strip line form power division synthesis feeder to complete the distribution and synthesis of radio frequency energy.
The number and position of the horizontal polarization excitation lines correspond to the horizontal polarization slits, and the number and position of the vertical polarization excitation lines correspond to the vertical polarization slits.
The horizontal polarization excitation line is in a straight line shape, the horizontal polarization feeder line is connected with one end of the horizontal polarization excitation line, the vertical polarization excitation line is in a T shape, and the vertical polarization feeder line is connected with the bottom of the vertical polarization excitation line.
The horizontal polarization feed line and the vertical polarization feed line are respectively in mirror symmetry along a straight line, and the horizontal polarization feed line connecting the adjacent horizontal polarization excitation lines has a phase difference of 90 degrees.
The horizontal polarization feeder line is a 1-to-N power distribution network, the numerical value of N corresponds to the number of the horizontal polarization excitation lines, the vertical polarization feeder line is a 1-to-N power distribution network, and the numerical value of N corresponds to the number of the vertical polarization excitation lines.
The structure supporting layer is divided into a first structure supporting layer and a second structure supporting layer, the structure is the same, the structure comprises a honeycomb layer and two layers of adhesive films, two surfaces of the honeycomb layer are respectively covered with one layer of adhesive film, and the side wall of the honeycomb layer is provided with small holes for releasing gas in a vacuum environment.
The structure mounting panel includes honeycomb layer, two-layer carbon fiber plate, two-layer glued membrane, and the lateral wall on honeycomb layer has the aperture, and the one side of every layer of carbon fiber plate respectively covers the one deck glued membrane, and the one side that has the glued membrane is relative, and the honeycomb lamination is between two-layer carbon fiber plate.
The first structure supporting layer is clamped between the main radiation layer and the parasitic radiation layer, the second structure supporting layer is clamped between the main radiation layer and the feed coupling layer, and the feed coupling layer is attached to the structure mounting plate.
And melting and curing the adhesive film by adopting a thermal vacuum cementing technology, cementing the parasitic radiation layer and the main radiation layer on two sides of the first structure supporting layer, cementing the feed coupling layer and the main radiation layer on two sides of the second structure supporting layer, and cementing two layers of carbon fiber plates on two sides of the honeycomb layer.
The radio frequency connector comprises an inner conductor, a dielectric conductor, a shell, a flange plate, a bolt and a gasket, wherein the shell wraps the dielectric conductor, the dielectric conductor wraps the inner conductor, the shell is vertically fixed on the flange plate, the flange plate is provided with a mounting hole, the bolt penetrates through the gasket to be inserted into the mounting hole and is vertically connected to the flange plate, and the radio frequency connector is connected with the feed coupling layer.
The aperture of the honeycomb layer of the structure mounting plate and the aperture of the carbon fiber plate close to the feeder layer are larger than those of the flange plates, the aperture of the honeycomb layer of the structure mounting plate is larger than that of the inner conductor, the coupling layer far away from the structure mounting plate and the aperture of the microwave soft substrate are about five times that of the inner conductor, and the aperture of the honeycomb layer of the second structure supporting layer is larger than that of the radio frequency connector and is used for accommodating a bolt protruding part.
The inner conductor passes the feed coupling layer perpendicularly, and is connected with horizontal polarization excitation line or vertical polarization excitation line, and the glued membrane laminating that ring flange and structure mounting panel are close to the feed coupling layer, and the bolt is kept away from the one side of ring flange from the feed coupling layer and is passed, and the one side laminating of ring flange is kept away from on gasket and feed coupling layer prevents that the bolt from concentrating the atress at the coupling layer.
The invention has the advantages of low section lightweight framework, low cross polarization and high isolation; the antenna form of low-profile dual-polarized radiation microwave energy is realized by adopting double-layer rectangular units, double-H-shaped T-shaped arranged gaps and combining a strip line excitation mode; the metalized hole between the upper stratum and the lower stratum is adopted to isolate the energy of the two polarized excitation lines, so that the microwave energy of the two polarizations is well isolated, and the two polarization directional diagrams are guaranteed to have good cross polarization performance; the metalized holes are reasonably arranged, so that mutual coupling between the two polarization feeder lines is isolated, and the radiation subarray is ensured to have better polarization port isolation; a support body with a six-sided honeycomb structure is adopted, and each honeycomb surface is provided with a through hole, so that the air release in manufacturing and space environments is facilitated, and the vacuum explosion of a radiation sub-array is avoided; the material with the minimum thermal expansion coefficient is adopted, and the expansion coefficients of different materials are similar, so that the radiation subarray has smaller deformation under a vacuum thermal environment, the consistency of the deformation of different materials can be ensured, and the delamination problem caused by different deformation of the materials is avoided; a large number of cementing schemes are adopted according to the characteristics of different materials adopted by different layers; and a reliable process preparation flow is adopted, so that the reliability of the structure tool of the radiation subarray is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radar system to which the present invention is applied, fig. 2 is a hierarchical structure diagram of the present invention, fig. 3 is a layered side view of the present invention, fig. 4 is a top view of the present invention, fig. 5 is a top view of a metal radiating element, fig. 6 is a top view of the parasitic radiating layer, fig. 7 is a top view of the main radiating layer, fig. 8 is a top view of the coupling layer, fig. 9 is a top view of the feed line layer, fig. 10 is a polarization feed line diagram, fig. 11 is a structure view of the metallized hole, fig. 12 is a view showing a structure of a honeycomb layer, fig. 13 is a view showing a structure of a structural mounting plate, fig. 14 is a view showing a structure of a radio frequency connector mounting plate, fig. 15 is a manufacturing flow, fig. 16 is a current distribution diagram of the coupling layer, fig. 17 is a horizontal polarization distance pattern, fig. 18 is a horizontal polarization azimuth pattern, fig. 19 is a vertical polarization distance pattern, fig. 20 is a vertical polarization azimuth pattern, fig. 21 is polarization isolation, and fig. 22 is a standing wave curve.
Labeled as: 1A-satellite-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna, 1B-dual-polarized TR component, 1C-synthetic network, 1D-receiver, 1-parasitic radiating layer, 2-first structure supporting layer, 3-main radiating layer, 4-second structure supporting layer, 5-feed coupling layer, 6-structure mounting plate, 7-polarized radio frequency port, 11-parasitic metal patch, 12-microwave soft substrate, 31-main metal patch, 32-microwave soft substrate, J1-glue film, J2-glue film, J3-glue film, 51-coupling layer, 52-microwave soft substrate, 53-feeder layer, 54-microwave soft substrate, 55-grounding layer, 56-metalized hole, 57-metalized hole, 61-carbon fiber plate, 62-honeycomb board, 63-carbon fiber board, 510-horizontal polarization coupling slit, 511-vertical polarization coupling slit, 512-ground layer, 561-ground layer, 513-round hole, 531-horizontal polarization excitation line, 532-vertical polarization excitation line, 533-horizontal polarization feed line, 533A-horizontal polarization feed line, 533D-horizontal polarization feed line, 533E-horizontal polarization feed line, 533F-horizontal polarization feed line, 534-vertical polarization feed line, 534E-vertical polarization feed line, 20-hexagonal honeycomb hole, 710-inner conductor, 711-dielectric conductor, 712-shell, 713-flange, 72-solder joint, 73-bolt, 74-gasket.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically explained in the following by combining the attached drawings.
The application principle of the invention in a radar system is shown in figure 1, the invention is arranged at the forefront end of a phased array antenna system, a complete radiating surface of a phased array antenna array surface is usually formed by a plurality of 1A-satellite-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating sub-array antennas and is used for receiving two polarized radar reflection wave signals or transmitting two polarized microwave signals, and two polarized radio frequency ports of the 1A-satellite-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating sub-array antennas are connected with a 1B-dual-polarized TR component.
When the antenna system works in an emission state, the 1D-receiver outputs two paths of polarized linear frequency modulation source signals, the linear frequency modulation source signals are distributed to the 1B-dual-polarized TR component through the 1C-synthesis network to be amplified and then output to the 1A-satellite-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiation sub-array antenna, and the 1A-satellite-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiation sub-array antenna radiates the amplified dual-polarized linear frequency modulation source signals to a target direction.
When the antenna system works in a receiving state, the 1A-satellite-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating sub-array antenna receives two polarized radar reflected wave signals and sends the two polarized radar reflected wave signals to the 1B-dual-polarized TR component, the 1B-dual-polarized TR component conducts low-noise amplification on the received radar echo signals, and the radar reflected wave signals are synthesized by the 1C-synthesis network and then sent to the 1D-receiver for processing.
The layered structure of the invention is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a plurality of patch layers and two 7-polarized radio frequency ports, wherein the patch layers from top to bottom are respectively a 1-parasitic radiation layer, a 2-first structure supporting layer, a 3-main radiation layer, a 4-second structure supporting layer, a 5-feed coupling layer, a 6-structure mounting plate and a 7-polarized radio frequency port for mounting a radio frequency connector.
The specific layering is shown in fig. 3, wherein the 1-parasitic radiation layer is composed of an 11-parasitic metal patch and a 12-microwave soft substrate, the 2-first structural support layer is used for supporting the 1-parasitic radiation layer, the 3-main radiation layer is composed of a 31-main metal patch and a 32-microwave soft substrate, the 2-first structural support layer and the 1-parasitic radiation layer are solidified together by heating and then a low-temperature J1-adhesive film, and the 4-second structural support layer and the 3-main radiation layer are solidified together. The 5-feed coupling layer is composed of a 53-feed line layer, a J2-glue die, a 51-coupling layer, a 55-grounding layer, a 52-microwave soft substrate and a 54-microwave soft substrate, and the two microwave boards 52-microwave soft substrate and 54-microwave soft substrate are connected into a whole through the J2-glue die in a curing mode. The 6-structure mounting plate is used as a structural mechanical bearing piece and comprises two layers of 61-carbon fiber plates, 63-carbon fiber plates and 62-honeycomb plates, and the carbon fiber plates and the honeycomb plates are connected in a curing mode through two layers of J3-adhesive films at high temperature. And solidifying the plurality of layers of the patch units on the structure mounting plate through low-temperature glue, wherein the 6-structure mounting plate is provided with a structure interface for fixing the antenna on the array surface of the phased array antenna.
The vertical projection of the device distribution is shown in fig. 4, and the device distribution is composed of four dual-polarized microstrip patch units, two polarized 1-to-4 power division networks and two polarized radio frequency connectors.
The dual-polarized microstrip patch unit is used as a metal radiation unit and has the capacity of receiving and transmitting dual-polarized signal energy, as shown in fig. 5, the 11-parasitic metal patch and the 31-main metal patch are square, and are formed by etching a copper-coated microwave soft substrate, when the patches are in a resonance state, microwave signals with a certain bandwidth are radiated or received, and the antenna unit of the double-layer patches has a wider working bandwidth.
In order to reduce the mutual influence between the 510-horizontal polarization coupling slit and the 511-vertical polarization coupling slit, the 510-horizontal polarization coupling slit and the 511-vertical polarization coupling slit are arranged in a T shape along the Y axis, and the distances from the center of the unit are DH and DV respectively. The 531-horizontal polarization excitation line and the 510-horizontal polarization coupling slit are in low-impedance coupling with a horizontal polarization signal, the 532-vertical polarization excitation line and the 511-vertical polarization coupling slit are in low-impedance coupling with a vertical polarization signal, and the two excitation lines are in impedance matching with the corresponding 533E-feeder line and the corresponding 534E-feeder line of 50 omega.
Between the 51-coupling layer and the 55-ground layer of the 5-feeder coupling layer, 56-metallized holes are arranged around the coupling slits and the excitation lines for reducing the coupled signal between the two polarization signals and improving the two polarization isolation and the cross polarization level.
The parasitic radiation layer is shown in fig. 6, the 11-parasitic metal patches are square, the width and length dimensions are both a1, the total number of the 11-parasitic metal patches is four, the four parasitic metal patches are arranged along the X direction, the distance between the four parasitic metal patches is Dx, the 12-microwave soft substrate is a double-sided copper-clad plate with the dielectric constant of 2.92, the length L, the width W and the thickness H1, and the four 11-parasitic metal patches are manufactured by adopting a printed board etching process.
The main radiation layer is shown in fig. 7, the 31-main metal patches are square, the width and length dimensions are both a2, the total number of the four main metal patches is four, the four main metal patches are arranged along the X direction, the distance between the four main metal patches is smaller than Dx, the 32-microwave soft substrate is a double-sided copper-clad plate with the dielectric constant of 2.92, the length L, the width W and the thickness H2, and the four 31-main metal patches are manufactured by adopting a printed board etching process.
The coupling layer is shown in fig. 8, there are four pairs of 510-horizontally polarized coupling slits and 511-vertically polarized coupling slits, each pair of slits is etched on the 512-ground layer, each pair of slits is arranged horizontally in the X direction, the distance is Dx, the 510-horizontally polarized coupling slit is formed by three slits with two lengths HL1 and HW1 and one length HL1 and HW2 in an i shape, the 511-vertically polarized coupling slit is formed by three slits with two lengths VL1 and VW1 and one length VL1 and VW2 in an H shape, the slits have broadband characteristics, and the 510-horizontally polarized coupling slit and the 511-vertically polarized coupling slit are arranged in a T shape in the Y direction, so that the cross polarization component between the two slits is reduced, the cross polarization performance is improved, and the two pairs of 513-round holes are used for installing the rf connector.
The feeder layer is shown in fig. 9, and the 533-horizontal polarization feeder and the 534-horizontal polarization feeder are both 1-to-4 power division networks, are coplanar with the 531-horizontal polarization excitation line and the 532-vertical polarization excitation line, and are manufactured by etching on a copper-clad microwave board by adopting a strip line design scheme.
As shown in fig. 10, the horizontal polarization power splitting network and the vertical polarization power splitting network are both designed as 1-to-4 power splitting networks, 533A-horizontal polarization feeder, 533E-horizontal polarization feeder, 533F-horizontal polarization feeder are all designed as 50 Ω ports, 533A-horizontal polarization feeder is a horizontal polarization trunk feeder, connected to the 710-inner conductor of the horizontally polarized radio frequency connector, 533E-horizontally polarized feed line and 533D-horizontally polarized feed line are connected to the 531-horizontally polarized excitation line, because the two radiating element horizontal polarization excitation lines are in mirror symmetry to excite the coupling seam, the 533E-horizontal polarization feed line and the 533F-horizontal polarization feed line have 90-degree phase difference, four branch ports of the vertical polarization power division network are all designed in equal amplitude and same phase, and a total port and the branch ports are both designed according to 50 omega impedance matching.
The metallized hole structure is shown in fig. 11, a 57-metallized hole is positioned on a 5-feed coupling layer and is used for electrically connecting a 512-ground layer and a 561-ground layer, the 57-metallized hole is drilled on the side edge of a feed line, the straight length of the metallized through hole is about 0.01-0.02 wavelength, the distance between the metallized through hole and the feed line is about 0.1-0.15 wavelength, the mutual coupling influence between a 533-horizontal polarization feed line and a 534-horizontal polarization feed line is preferably isolated, and in design, the distance between the metallized through hole and the feed line, the distance between an excitation line and a coupling slit is about 2 times the width of the feed line or the coupling slit, so that the mutual coupling influence between the two polarization coupling slits and the excitation line is reduced.
A double-sided copper-clad plate with the dielectric constant of 2.92, the length L, the width W and the thickness H3 is selected as a 52-microwave soft substrate and a 54-microwave soft substrate, a 51-coupling layer, a 53-feeder layer and a 55-grounding layer are manufactured through an etching process, each layer is pressed and molded through a printed board laminating process, a 56-metalized hole and a 57-metalized hole are manufactured on the 52-microwave soft substrate and the 54-microwave soft substrate through a printed board hole process, the 51-coupling layer, the 512-grounding layer and the 55-grounding layer are connected, energy between the two polarizations is isolated, and the isolation degree between ports of the two polarizations is improved.
The honeycomb layer is of a paper honeycomb structure as shown in fig. 12 and is formed by connecting a plurality of 20-hexagonal honeycomb holes, round holes are formed in six sides of each 20-hexagonal honeycomb hole, the antenna is guaranteed to leak air gradually in a vacuum environment, the problem of bulging layering of the antenna in an outer space high-temperature vacuum environment is avoided, the length, the width and the height of the 2-first structure supporting layer are L, W, FH1, the length, the width and the height of the 4-second structure supporting layer are L, W, FH2, the dielectric constant of the paper honeycomb is 1.04, and the loss is equivalent to that of air.
The structure of the structure mounting plate is as shown in fig. 13, a 61-carbon fiber plate and a 63-carbon fiber plate are respectively glued on two sides of a 62-honeycomb layer by adopting a J3-glue film through two layers through a high-temperature thermal vacuum lamination process and are solidified into a whole, in order to reduce the thermal deformation of different materials of a radiation submatrix, the carbon fiber plates are all woven by low-expansion-coefficient carbon fiber wires, the thicknesses of the carbon fiber plates are TH1 and TH2, and the thickness of the paper honeycomb plate is FH 3.
Installation of the rf connector as shown in fig. 14, the 7-rf connector consists of 710-inner conductor, 711-dielectric conductor, 712-shell, 713-flange, opening in 713-flange, using 73-bolts, opening in 63-carbon fiber board and 62-honeycomb layer of 6-structure mounting board for easy installation, diameter FD1 larger than the 713-flange, 710-inner conductor vertically interconnected with 533-feeder or 534-feeder, welded at 72-weld, from 53-feeder layer to 61-carbon fiber board opening for 710-inner conductor vertical insertion, diameter FD2 larger than the 710-inner conductor diameter, opening in 51-coupling layer and 52-microwave soft substrate, diameter of FD3 five times the 710-inner conductor diameter, the welding operation is facilitated, the 73-bolt is installed from the 5-feed coupling layer, the space of the protruding part is provided by a cavity opened by a 4-second structure supporting layer, and a 74-gasket with the thickness of 1mm is added between the 73-bolt and the 5-feed coupling layer in order to prevent the 73-bolt from being intensively stressed on the 5-feed coupling layer.
The manufacturing process is as shown in fig. 15, a parasitic radiation layer, a main radiation layer and a feed coupling layer are manufactured by adopting a PCB printing and microwave laminating process, in order to improve the bonding strength between the layers in the later period, the coupling layer and the grounding layer of the feed coupling layer are subjected to brown oxidation treatment, and the roughness of two metal surfaces is improved, so that the effect of strengthening the bonding strength is achieved; assembling and checking the carbon fiber plate, the honeycomb plate and the high-temperature glue according to the hierarchical relationship, and realizing curing and forming of the sixth layer; on the basis of the structure mounting plate, a glue film and a feed coupling layer are sequentially placed to realize cementation and solidification of the fifth layer structure; installing a radio frequency connector, and testing the electrical property after installation; sequentially placing the paper honeycomb, the adhesive film and the main radiation patch of the second structure supporting layer on the basis of the fifth layer to realize the cementation and solidification of the fourth layer and the third layer; on the basis of the three layers and the four layers, a first structure supporting layer, a glue film and a parasitic radiation patch layer are sequentially arranged, so that the gluing and curing of the second layer and the first layer are realized.
The four curing methods are all thermal vacuum colloid curing processes, the curing adhesive film selected for the first time is a high-temperature adhesive film, high-temperature curing at 120-130 ℃ is mainly adopted for curing the carbon fiber material, and the third curing adhesive film is a medium-low temperature adhesive film, is mainly used for curing the paper honeycomb material, and is cured at 80-90 ℃.
The invention works in L wave band, the center frequency is 1.26GHz, the working bandwidth is 200MHz, the length and the width of the antenna are 612.5mm and 154.5mm respectively; the microwave soft substrate is a plate with a dielectric constant of 2.92, the thicknesses H1 and H2 are both 0.25mm, and H3 is 1 mm; the side length a1 of the square parasitic patch and the main patch unit is 80mm, a2 is 91mm, and the distance Dx between the units is 153.12 mm; the size of the horizontal polarization coupling slot is HL 1-37 mm, HW 1-3 mm, HL 2-30 mm, HW 2-3 mm; the size of the vertical polarization coupling slot is VL 1-20 mm, VW 1-3 mm, HL 2-58 mm and VW 2-3 mm; the distance DH between the horizontal polarization coupling slit and the center point of the unit is 28mm, and the distance DV between the vertical polarization coupling slit and the center of the unit is 23 mm; the honeycomb plates of the first structure supporting layer, the second structure supporting layer and the structure mounting plate are made of perforated hexagonal paper honeycomb materials, and the thicknesses of the honeycomb plates are FH1, FH2, FH3 and FH3, wherein the FH2 and FH3 are respectively 10 mm; the carbon fiber plates are all formed by weaving carbon fiber yarns, and the thickness of each carbon fiber plate is 0.5 mm.
The current distribution of the coupling layer after isolation processing is shown in fig. 16, the currents of the two polarizations are strictly constrained in the respective polarization ranges, and the mutual coupling of the two polarizations is well constrained.
The horizontal polarization distance direction of the antenna is shown in fig. 17, the horizontal polarization azimuth direction is shown in fig. 18, and the cross polarization level full frequency band in the directional diagram main lobe on the two horizontal polarization surfaces is smaller than-50 dB.
The horizontal polarization distance direction of the antenna is shown in fig. 19, the horizontal polarization azimuth direction is shown in fig. 20, and the cross polarization level full frequency band in the directional diagram main lobe on the two surfaces of vertical polarization is less than-50 dB.
Polarization isolation as shown in fig. 21, the isolation of the radiating subarray is greater than 52dB over the entire frequency band.
Standing wave profile as shown in fig. 22, the two polarized port standing waves are less than 1.8 over the entire frequency band.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A space-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna, which is characterized by comprising: the structure comprises a structure supporting layer, a radiation layer, a feed coupling layer, a structure mounting plate and a radio frequency connector, wherein the structure supporting layer comprises a first structure supporting layer and a second structure supporting layer, and the radiation layer comprises a main radiation layer and a parasitic radiation layer;
the first structure supporting layer is clamped between the main radiation layer and the parasitic radiation layer, the second structure supporting layer is clamped between the main radiation layer and the feed coupling layer, the feed coupling layer is attached to the structure mounting plate, the feed coupling layer and the structure mounting plate are laminated to form a whole, and the feed coupling layer is connected with the radio frequency connector;
the structure supporting layer comprises a honeycomb layer and two layers of adhesive films, wherein the two surfaces of the honeycomb layer are respectively covered with one layer of adhesive film, and the side wall of the honeycomb layer is provided with small holes;
the radiation layer comprises a metal radiation patch and a microwave soft substrate, and one surface of the microwave soft substrate covers the metal radiation patch;
the feed coupling layer comprises a feed line layer, a rubber mold, two coupling layers, two microwave soft substrates and a metalized hole, one surface of each microwave soft substrate is covered with one coupling layer, the surfaces without the coupling layers are opposite, and the feed line layer is attached to the rubber mold and clamped between the two microwave soft substrates;
the coupling layer comprises a grounding layer and coupling gaps, the grounding layer covers the coupling gaps and the metalized holes, the coupling gaps are formed by combining a plurality of pairs of polarized gaps in a straight line arrangement, the polarized gaps are formed by arranging horizontal polarized gaps and vertical polarized gaps in a T shape, the horizontal polarized gaps are in an I shape, the vertical polarized gaps are in an H shape, and the metalized holes are distributed in a certain aperture, space and shape and are connected with the two grounding layers;
the structural mounting plate comprises a honeycomb layer, two layers of carbon fiber plates and two layers of glue films, wherein the side wall of the honeycomb layer is provided with small holes, one side of each layer of carbon fiber plate is respectively covered with one layer of glue film, the side with the glue film is opposite to the other side, and the honeycomb layer is clamped between the two layers of carbon fiber plates;
the radio frequency connector comprises an inner conductor, a dielectric conductor, a shell, a flange plate, a bolt and a gasket, wherein the shell wraps the dielectric conductor, the dielectric conductor wraps the inner conductor, the shell is vertically fixed on the flange plate, and the bolt penetrates through the gasket and is vertically connected to the flange plate.
2. The space-borne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna according to claim 1, wherein the metal radiating patch is formed by a plurality of square patch units which are arranged in a line, and radiates or absorbs microwave signals with corresponding bandwidth in a resonant state.
3. The spaceborne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feeder layer comprises: the device comprises a horizontal polarization feeder line, a horizontal polarization excitation line, a vertical polarization feeder line and a vertical polarization excitation line; the number and the positions of the horizontal polarization excitation lines correspond to the horizontal polarization gaps; the number and the positions of the vertical polarization excitation lines correspond to the vertical polarization gaps; the horizontal polarization feeder line is a 1-N power division network, and the numerical value of N corresponds to the number of the horizontal polarization excitation lines; the vertical polarization feeder line is a 1-N power division network, and the numerical value of N corresponds to the number of the vertical polarization excitation lines.
4. The spaceborne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna according to claim 3, wherein the horizontal polarization excitation line is in a straight shape, and a horizontal polarization feeder line is connected with one end of the horizontal polarization excitation line; the vertical polarization excitation line is T-shaped, and the vertical polarization feeder line is connected with the bottom of the vertical polarization excitation line.
5. The spaceborne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna according to claim 4, wherein the horizontal polarized feed line and the vertical polarized feed line are respectively mirror-symmetrical along a straight line; the horizontally polarized feed lines connecting adjacent horizontally polarized excitation lines have a phase difference of 90 °.
6. The spaceborne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna of claim 1 wherein the inner conductor vertically passes through a feed coupling layer and is connected to a horizontally polarized feed line or a vertically polarized feed line.
7. The spaceborne SAR dual-polarized microstrip radiating subarray antenna according to claim 6, wherein the flange plate is attached to a glue film of the structural mounting plate close to the feed coupling layer; the bolt penetrates through one surface of the feed coupling layer, which is far away from the flange plate; the gasket is attached to one surface, far away from the flange plate, of the feed coupling layer.
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| CN111856407B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2023-09-29 | 南京吉凯微波技术有限公司 | X-band dual-polarized high-isolation microwave TR assembly of star-loaded active phased array radar |
| CN111755815A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Silicon-based antenna dynamic model based on heterogeneous integrated system |
| CN111883927B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-08-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Integrated 5G array antenna unit |
| CN112635970B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-12-16 | 北京安石科技有限公司 | Shell seeker positioning antenna and positioning method |
| CN113851830B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-05-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Light multi-unit antenna oscillator and production method thereof |
| CN117039433B (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-12-29 | 成都辰星迅联科技有限公司 | Thin film phased array antenna and phased array antenna array based on lead patch |
| CN117096591B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-12-19 | 四川海芯微科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave and terahertz slot antenna |
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