CN114660270A - Method and system for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system - Google Patents

Method and system for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system Download PDF

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CN114660270A
CN114660270A CN202210345320.5A CN202210345320A CN114660270A CN 114660270 A CN114660270 A CN 114660270A CN 202210345320 A CN202210345320 A CN 202210345320A CN 114660270 A CN114660270 A CN 114660270A
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frame
rainwater collection
collection container
grid control
rainfall
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刘瑛娜
杨扬
魏欣
高晓飞
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Beijing Normal University
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Beijing Normal University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for calibrating rainfall intensity of a manual rainfall simulation system and rainfall uniformity of the system, aiming at solving the problem of low quality and efficiency, a rainwater collection container is arranged on a distribution bed with a raindrop splash-proof blanket laid at the bottom, and the distribution bed is removed or kept for manual rainfall simulation on the premise of not touching the rainwater collection container; the arrangement bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four side frames with scale scales and four frame corner connectors, and at least a raindrop splash-proof blanket is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; the two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods for measuring rain points at equal intervals according to the scale marks, and the control rods are used for laying and limiting or fixing and limiting the rainwater collection container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring points in a longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pen according to the scale at equal intervals, and the laser line emitted by the laser pen carries out fixed-point laser line marking on the rainwater collection container. The device has the advantages of convenient arrangement, convenient operation, strong applicability, obvious improvement on the quality-fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate, and particular suitability for rain intensity and uniformity simulation rating.

Description

Method and system for calibrating rainfall intensity of artificial rainfall simulation system and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for calibrating artificial rainfall simulation, in particular to a method and a system for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of an artificial rainfall simulation system.
Background
The artificial rainfall simulation is an important test method and research means which are widely used for soil erosion rule research, forecast model establishment and water and soil conservation measure benefit analysis and evaluation. The collection of data related to soil erosion and water and soil loss by means of natural rainfall has great limitation, particularly in a wide area with less rainfall in the north of China, the rainfall is less, the amount of rainstorm which can cause water and soil loss is small, the practicability of related data is seriously influenced, and the development of water and soil conservation is restricted. By adopting the method of artificial rainfall simulation, a large amount of soil erosion data can be obtained in a short time, and the research period can be greatly shortened to accelerate the research process. The artificial rainfall simulation system can also be used for combining different test conditions such as different rainfall intensities, rainfall amounts, rainfall types and the like according to the test purpose to obtain data which are difficult to observe under the natural rainfall condition. The artificial rainfall simulation has great advantages in the aspects of duration, efficiency, test condition control and the like, and solves the problems that the natural rainfall consumes long time, has high cost and is difficult to obtain accurate control data.
Rainfall intensity, namely rainfall in unit time, is an important parameter for artificial rainfall simulation, and the rainfall intensity and the spatial distribution, namely rainfall uniformity, of the artificial rainfall simulation system are calibrated, so that the rainfall simulation system is very important work, and relevant technical parameters and scientific bases are provided for the artificial rainfall simulation system. The rainfall uniformity of the rainfall calibration system is calibrated, namely whether the rainfall intensity is uniform in spatial distribution is calibrated, namely the rainfall intensity of a plurality of positions needs to be calibrated, the more the rainfall intensity points are, the more dense the rainfall intensity points are, and the more accurate the calibration result is.
The rainfall or the rainfall intensity of the natural rainfall is generally observed by using rain gauges which comprise common rain gauges, tipping bucket rain gauges, siphon rain gauges, weighing rain gauges and other rain gauges of different types, and one rain gauge is different in price from thousands yuan to tens of thousands yuan. If a large number of purchased rain gauges are expensive, the rainfall intensity is generally determined by only adopting a plurality of rain gauges, which is obviously not accurate enough for evaluating the uniformity of the artificial simulated rainfall, and the rainfall measurement point position is obviously not enough. In addition, a 1000 mL plastic jar was used for the rainfastness and rainfall uniformity calibration. A plurality of bottles are uniformly placed under a rainfall simulation system, rainfall simulation is started, and the rainfall intensity of the simulated rainfall is converted by measuring the volume of rainwater collected by the bottles within a certain time. The method is economical, and has no cost, and the plastic jar is relatively cheap. The method is a commonly used method for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of the rainfall simulation system at present. However, the method still has the problem that as the height of the 1000 mL wide-mouth bottle is shorter, only about 15 cm, some raindrops hit the ground and then splash into the wide-mouth bottle nearby, so that the wide-mouth bottle collects rainwater which falls above the mouth of the wide-mouth bottle and falls to other positions and splashes into the wide-mouth bottle. Another problem is that the raininess measuring points are designed into grid points with different densities when the raininess uniformity is calibrated, the positions are confirmed according to the designed densities of the measuring points, a ruler is used for measuring, a plurality of persons cooperate with a marker pen to mark the measuring points on the ground in advance, when the different measured densities are calibrated, the original measuring points on the ground are removed, new measuring points are drawn again, hundreds of jars are often used for measurement, and a long time is needed for placing the jars at the accurate positions. In addition, the volume of rainwater collected by each bottle was measured manually using a graduated cylinder. When the measuring cylinder measures the volume of liquid, if the sight line and the concave liquid level of the liquid in the measuring cylinder are on the same horizontal line, the sight line is inaccurate to read when being higher or lower, and the manual measurement error is not controlled well. In addition, when rainstorm artificial rainfall simulation is performed, the rainwater collection container may be displaced or tilted, thereby affecting the measurement effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a method for calibrating the rainfall intensity of an artificial rainfall simulation system and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system, and also provides a system for realizing the method.
In order to achieve the aim, the method for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system is characterized in that a rainwater collection container is arranged on a distribution bed with a bottom-paved raindrop splash-proof blanket, and the distribution bed is removed or kept for artificial rainfall simulation on the premise of not touching the rainwater collection container after the rainwater collection container is arranged; the arrangement bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four side frames with scale scales and four frame corner connectors, and at least a raindrop splash-proof blanket is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; the two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods for measuring raindrops at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring raindrops, and the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods are used for arranging and limiting or fixing and limiting the rainwater collection container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket of the rain measuring point, and laser lines emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container; the rainwater collecting container is a cylinder, or a cylinder with a bottom surface downwards arranged and matched with the raindrop splash-proof blanket and a lower convex thorn, or a cylinder with an iron plate laid below the raindrop splash-proof blanket, and a permanent magnet attracted by the iron plate and fixedly arranged below the rainwater collecting container. Protruding thorn and magnetism setting so down can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, and it also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation even to remove the arrangement bed, so magnetism is inhaled the design and is conveniently laid and remove to can not harm the rain droplet splashproof blanket. The raindrop splash-proof blanket is a water absorption blanket made of hydrophilic fibers. The mode of longitudinal and transverse grid control rods is adopted, the arrangement efficiency and precision of the rainwater collection containers can be obviously improved through the direct limiting effect of the control rods, after the rainwater collection containers are arranged, the arrangement bed is removed, then high-precision artificial rainfall simulation is carried out, and the arrangement bed can be kept for carrying out artificial strong rain simulation; the adoption is moved about freely and quickly the net control laser pen mode, through laser beam vision correction effect, also can show to improve rainwater collecting container and lay the precision, more can show to improve after skilled operation and lay the matter and imitate, because when laying, lacked the sheltering from of control lever to the sight and occupied the position, still lacked the splash of control lever to the raindrop to can also need not to remove and arrange the direct high accuracy artificial simulation rainfall that carries on of bed. The rainwater collection container is provided with the lower convex prick needle which is pricked on the raindrop splash-proof blanket, so that the rainwater collection container is prevented from shifting and skewing, and the rainwater collection container is more suitable for heavy rainfall simulation. Although the raindrop splash-proof blanket is arranged between the iron plate and the cylinder permanent magnet at intervals, the magnetic attraction can be influenced, when the thin raindrop splash-proof blanket is adopted, the adverse effect can not obviously influence the normal play of the magnetic attraction fixing effect. The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder with an upper opening which is 2 times larger than the diameter. The system also comprises an intelligent weighing calculator used for weighing the rainwater collection container and an electronic thermometer connected with the intelligent weighing calculator in a wireless communication mode, wherein the electronic thermometer can be flexibly configured on the port of the rainwater collection container through a clamping seat and used for extending into rainwater collected in the rainwater collection container to automatically measure the water temperature. The rainwater collecting device has the advantages of conveniently laying rainwater collecting containers, being good in laying quality effect, convenient to operate, strong in applicability, capable of remarkably improving the quality fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate and particularly suitable for rain intensity and uniformity simulation calibration.
As optimization, the rainwater collection container layout utilizing the rain measuring point vertical and horizontal grid control rod is that a rainwater collection container is respectively put in each rain measuring point in the vertical and horizontal grid control rod, and the rainwater collection container layout utilizing the rain measuring point vertical and horizontal grid control laser pen is that a rainwater collection container is respectively put in each rain measuring point in a laser line put in by the vertical and horizontal grid control laser pen; the grid control rod is a multi-section telescopic rod which is sleeved together in multiple sections, and two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms which are positioned on the frame in a convenient dismounting manner; the two ends of the frame are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector in a manner of convenient disassembly and assembly, and the frame is a folding frame or a multi-section frame formed by connecting multiple sections in an extending manner. The connecting mechanism is provided with a through hole or a transparent plate window for observing the scale of the scale. One or more circles of rain measuring points close to the periphery of the four frames are not provided with the rainwater collecting containers, on one hand, when the arrangement bed is removed, the arranged rainwater collecting containers are not easy to touch, and the rainwater collecting containers are prevented from shifting or inclining. On the other hand, even if not removing the arrangement bed, directly carrying out artifical rainfall simulation, arranging the bed frame because left the rainwater collection container who lays, the raindrop that the frame splashes also is difficult for falling into in the rainwater collection container, causes unnecessary measuring error.
As optimization, the connecting mechanism is a positioning hook or a positioning chuck; the multi-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically by symmetrical thick tubes at two ends, and then sliding and matching the innermost end symmetrically by sliding and matching the inner sleeve thin tubes through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes. The tube forming the multi-section telescopic rod is a circular tube or a rectangular tube, and the rectangular tube is preferably a transverse wide tube. The frame corner connector is fixedly connected with the end of the multi-section frame in an inserting mode through the blind hole, the multi-section frame is formed by inserting at least two sections of pipes, a plug extending forwards from one butt joint end is inserted into the inner periphery of the other end, a locking pin fixedly inserted is arranged, and the two sections of pipes are provided with scale marks. The pipes spliced to form the multi-section frame are rectangular pipes, and the rectangular pipes are narrow vertical pipes with the section height at least 2 times larger than the width. The frame corner connector is fixedly welded with a bolting nut below the blind hole, bolting blind holes or through holes which are vertically corresponding to the nuts are arranged below two ends of the multi-section frame, and the bolting blind holes or the through holes are bolted at the upper ends of bolts which are screwed by the bolting nuts.
As optimization, the removal of the arrangement bed is to remove the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods or close the laser pen after the rainwater collection container is arranged, or to remove the laser pen or remove the whole arrangement bed; the four frame corner connectors are respectively movably connected or fixedly connected with the seat corner connectors through the downward movable connection or the fixedly connected seat corner connectors of the movable connection and the equal-height vertical rods, the seat corner connectors are fixedly connected with the bottom frame which is opposite to the frame in an up-and-down mode in a convenient dismounting mode, and the height of the rainwater collection container is 2 times greater than that of the frame; or the four frame corner connectors are respectively and fixedly connected with the corner connector base downwards through the fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods. The base of the angle connector is a big foot counterweight seat.
As optimization, the reserved arrangement bed is kept unchanged after the rainwater collection container is arranged, the vertical and horizontal grid control rods are used for limiting the displacement or deflection of the rainwater collection container in the artificial rainfall process, and the displacement and deflection conditions of the rainwater collection container are judged by referring to the vertical and horizontal grid control rods after artificial rainfall or referring to the vertical and horizontal grid control laser lines after artificial rainfall for calibration and correction; the frame is provided with a laser pen holder, and the laser pen holder is used for clamping and fixing a laser pen upwards and clamping and fixing the frame downwards; or the frame is provided with a laser pen holder which downwards clamps and fixes the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwards fixedly connected with the laser pen holder through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism. The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder which is provided with a sharp end and is higher than wide; when the laser pen is matched with the rainwater collection container, the rainwater collection container is at least a transparent cylinder with a transparent side wall or at least the outer wall of the cylinder is white. The bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is fixedly provided with a lower convex thorn disc; or the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is downwards and sequentially fixedly provided with the counterweight plate and the lower convex plate. So can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, even remove the arrangement bed and also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation. When adopting a lateral wall transparent cylinder, the laser beam can be arranged on the outer wall of the rainwater collection container through closing on, when the laser beam is projected on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder, the laser spot projected on the cylinder wall can be observed very obviously inside and outside the cylinder, thereby easily adjusting the cylinder position, and when the laser spot is not displayed on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder any more, the rainwater collection container can be ensured to be accurately positioned on the rainwater measuring point. When the white barrel outer wall is adopted, laser beams of any color are very easy to observe when being projected on the barrel outer wall, so that the rainwater collection container is very easy to accurately position and the barrel position is very easy to correct. When the white barrel outer wall is adopted, laser beams of any color are very easy to observe when being projected on the barrel outer wall, so that the rainwater collection container is very easy to accurately position and the barrel position is very easy to correct. The rainwater collection container is a cylinder with the height being 2 times larger than the width, so that the rainwater collection container is not easily influenced by splashing raindrops.
The system for realizing the method for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system comprises a distribution bed for distributing a rainwater collection container and a raindrop splash-proof blanket, wherein the distribution bed is removed or kept for artificial rainfall simulation on the premise of not touching the rainwater collection container after the distribution; the arrangement bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four side frames with scale scales and four frame corner connectors, and at least a raindrop splash-proof blanket is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; the two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods for measuring raindrops at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring raindrops, and the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods are used for arranging and limiting or fixing and limiting the rainwater collection container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring rain points, and the laser lines emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container; the rainwater collecting container is a cylinder, or a cylinder with a bottom surface downwards arranged and matched with the raindrop splash-proof blanket and a lower convex thorn, or a cylinder with an iron plate paved below the raindrop splash-proof blanket, and a permanent magnet attracted by the iron plate fixedly arranged below the rainwater collecting container. Protruding thorn and magnetism setting so down can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, and it also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation even to remove the arrangement bed, so magnetism is inhaled the design and is conveniently laid and remove to can not harm the rain droplet splashproof blanket. The raindrop splash-proof blanket is a water absorption blanket made of hydrophilic fibers. The mode of longitudinal and transverse grid control rods is adopted, the arrangement efficiency and precision of the rainwater collection containers can be obviously improved through the direct limiting effect of the control rods, after the rainwater collection containers are arranged, the arrangement bed is removed, then high-precision artificial rainfall simulation is carried out, and the arrangement bed can be kept for carrying out artificial strong rain simulation; the mode of controlling the laser pen by the longitudinal and transverse grids is adopted, the arrangement precision of the rainwater collection container can be obviously improved through the visual correction effect of the laser beam, the arrangement quality effect can be obviously improved after skilled operation, because the shielding and the occupation position of the control rod to sight lines are reduced when the arrangement is carried out, the splash of the control rod to raindrops is reduced, and the arrangement bed can be directly used for high-precision artificial rainfall simulation without being removed. The rainwater collection container is provided with the lower convex prick needle which is pricked on the raindrop splash-proof blanket, so that the rainwater collection container is prevented from shifting and skewing, and the rainwater collection container is more suitable for heavy rainfall simulation. Although the raindrop splash-proof blanket is arranged between the iron plate and the cylinder permanent magnet at intervals, the magnetic attraction can be influenced, when the thin raindrop splash-proof blanket is adopted, the adverse effect can not obviously influence the normal play of the magnetic attraction fixing effect. The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder with an upper opening which is 2 times larger than the diameter. The system also comprises an intelligent weighing calculator used for weighing the rainwater collection container and an electronic thermometer connected with the intelligent weighing calculator in a wireless communication mode, wherein the electronic thermometer can be flexibly configured on the port of the rainwater collection container through a clamping seat and used for extending into rainwater collected in the rainwater collection container to automatically measure the water temperature. The rainwater collection container has the advantages of being convenient to arrange, good in arrangement quality effect, convenient to operate, high in applicability, capable of remarkably improving the quality-fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate, and particularly suitable for raininess and uniformity simulation calibration.
As optimization, the rainwater collection container layout utilizing the rain measuring point vertical and horizontal grid control rod is that a rainwater collection container is respectively put in each rain measuring point in the vertical and horizontal grid control rod, and the rainwater collection container layout utilizing the rain measuring point vertical and horizontal grid control laser pen is that a rainwater collection container is respectively put in each rain measuring point in a laser line put in by the vertical and horizontal grid control laser pen; the grid control rod is a multi-section telescopic rod formed by sleeving a plurality of sections together, and two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms which are used for being positioned on the frame in a convenient dismounting mode; the two ends of the frame are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector in a manner of convenient disassembly and assembly, and the frame is a folding frame or a multi-section frame formed by extending and connecting multiple sections. The connecting mechanism is provided with a through hole or a transparent plate window for observing the scale of the scale. One or more circles of rain measuring points close to the periphery of the four frames are not provided with the rainwater collecting containers, on one hand, when the arrangement bed is removed, the arranged rainwater collecting containers are not easy to touch, and the rainwater collecting containers are prevented from shifting or inclining. On the other hand, even if not removing the arrangement bed, directly carrying out artifical rainfall simulation, arranging the bed frame because left the rainwater collection container who lays, the raindrop that the frame splashes also is difficult for falling into in the rainwater collection container, causes unnecessary measuring error.
As optimization, the connecting mechanism is a positioning hook or a positioning chuck; the multi-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically by symmetrical thick tubes at two ends, and then sliding and matching the innermost end symmetrically by sliding and matching the inner sleeve thin tubes through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes. The tube forming the multi-section telescopic rod is a circular tube or a rectangular tube, and the rectangular tube is preferably a transverse wide tube. The frame corner connector is fixedly connected with the end of the multi-section frame in an inserting mode through the blind hole, the multi-section frame is formed by inserting at least two sections of pipes, a plug extending forwards from one butt joint end is inserted into the inner periphery of the other end, a locking pin fixedly inserted is arranged, and the two sections of pipes are provided with scale marks. The pipes spliced to form the multi-section frame are rectangular pipes, and the rectangular pipes are narrow vertical pipes with the section height at least 2 times larger than the width. The frame corner connector is fixedly welded with a bolting nut below the blind hole, bolting blind holes or through holes which are vertically corresponding to the nuts are arranged below two ends of the multi-section frame, and the bolting blind holes or the through holes are bolted at the upper ends of bolts which are screwed by the bolting nuts.
As optimization, the removal of the arrangement bed is to remove the vertical and horizontal grid control rods or close the laser pen after the rainwater collection container is arranged, or to remove the laser pen or remove the whole arrangement bed; the four frame corner connectors are respectively movably connected or fixedly connected with the seat corner connectors through the downward movable connection or the fixedly connected seat corner connectors of the movable connection and the equal-height vertical rods, the seat corner connectors are fixedly connected with the bottom frame which is opposite to the frame in an up-and-down mode in a convenient dismounting mode, and the height of the rainwater collection container is 2 times greater than that of the frame; or the four frame corner connectors are respectively and fixedly connected with the corner connector base downwards through the fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods. The base of the angle connector is a big foot counterweight seat.
As optimization, the reserved arrangement bed is kept unchanged after the rainwater collection container is arranged, the vertical and horizontal grid control rods are used for limiting the displacement or deflection of the rainwater collection container in the artificial rainfall process, and the displacement and deflection conditions of the rainwater collection container are judged by referring to the vertical and horizontal grid control rods after artificial rainfall or referring to the vertical and horizontal grid control laser lines after artificial rainfall for calibration and correction; the frame is provided with a laser pen holder, and the laser pen holder is used for clamping and fixing a laser pen upwards and clamping and fixing the frame downwards; or the frame is provided with a laser pen holder which downwards clamps and fixes the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwards fixedly connected with the laser pen holder through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism. The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder which is provided with a sharp end and is higher than wide; when the laser pen is matched, the rainwater collection container is at least a transparent cylinder with a transparent side wall or at least the outer wall of the cylinder is white. The bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is fixedly provided with a lower convex thorn disc; or the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is downwards and fixedly provided with the balance weight disc and the lower convex plate in sequence. So can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, even remove the arrangement bed and also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation. When adopting a lateral wall transparent cylinder, the laser beam can be arranged on the outer wall of the rainwater collection container through closing on, when the laser beam is projected on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder, the laser spot projected on the cylinder wall can be observed very obviously inside and outside the cylinder, thereby easily adjusting the cylinder position, and when the laser spot is not displayed on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder any more, the rainwater collection container can be ensured to be accurately positioned on the rainwater measuring point. When the white barrel outer wall is adopted, laser beams of any color are very easy to observe when being projected on the barrel outer wall, so that the rainwater collecting container and the barrel position can be very easily and accurately positioned and corrected. The rainwater collection container is a cylinder with the height being 2 times larger than the width, so that the rainwater collection container is not easily influenced by splashing raindrops.
The length and width of the frame and the bottom frame of the system are determined by the effective rainfall area of the artificial rainfall simulation system or the range of the required rated rainfall intensity. The frame and the bottom frame are spliced together, so that the frame is convenient to disassemble and store. The vertical rod is used for supporting the upper frame and is connected by a bottom frame of the three-head right-angle connector. The height of the upright stanchion is 20 cm. The three-head right-angle connector is used for connecting the side frame and the vertical rod or the bottom frame and the vertical rod. The frames are also spliced together and have length scales thereon. The positioning hook sets the position of the positioning hook according to the required precision for calibrating the rain intensity uniformity of the rainfall machine. The grid control rod can be detachably spliced. A rainwater collecting container can also be called as a simple rainfall gauge, and is a cylindrical container with the height of 70cm and the bottom surface diameter of 20cm, and a rainwater bearing opening at the upper end of the cylindrical container is required to be sharp so as to prevent raindrops from hitting the edge to cause errors.
The system mainly solves three technical problems: the problem that the rainwater collecting container is splashed by the first peripheral raindrops is that the rainwater collecting container cannot be splashed by falling rainwater by increasing the height of the rainwater collecting container and laying a water absorption blanket at the position without the rainwater collecting container. And secondly, the problem of the placing efficiency of a large number of wide-mouth bottles with different density measuring points is solved, a detachable and foldable outer frame of the system is provided with scales, a measuring point grid control rod is arranged in the middle of the system, different measuring densities are set by adjusting the grid control rod, and the rainfall collecting container only needs to be placed in the adjusted grid. Thirdly, the rainwater volume measurement is inaccurate, the weighing precision of the balance is high by adopting a weighing method, the weighing data can be directly displayed, the density of water is fixed under different water temperatures, the water density is determined by measuring the temperature of the water in advance, the volume of the rainwater collected by the simulated rainfall is calculated, and the rainfall intensity of the simulated rainfall is further calculated. The system can improve the calibration experiment efficiency, has low capital investment, and is simple and easy to operate. The artificial rainfall simulation system is applied to the artificial rainfall simulation hall of Beijing university, has good effect and is popularized and used in related fields in China.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method and the system for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system have the advantages of convenience in arrangement of the rainwater collection containers, good arrangement quality effect, convenience in operation, strong applicability, remarkable improvement on the artificial rainfall simulation rate quality-fixing effect and particular suitability for simulating the calibration of the rainfall intensity and the uniformity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rainwater collection container arrangement bed according to a first embodiment of a system for realizing the method for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of a rainfall artificial simulation system according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a rainwater collection container arrangement bed according to a first embodiment of the system of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the system of the present invention incorporating a rainwater collection container. Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the rainwater collection container arrangement bed according to the first embodiment of the system of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the rain water collecting container of the first embodiment of the system of the present invention in the rain water state after it is deployed. FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the arrangement state of the rainwater collection container arrangement bed of the second embodiment of the system. FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a second embodiment adapted stormwater collection container according to the invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the arrangement state of the rainwater collection container arrangement bed in the third embodiment of the system. Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of a third embodiment of the system of the present invention incorporating a rainwater collection container.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for calibrating rainfall intensity of an artificial rainfall simulation system and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system, which is characterized in that a rainwater collection container is distributed on a distribution bed with a raindrop splash-proof blanket laid at the bottom, and the distribution bed is removed or kept for artificial rainfall simulation on the premise of not touching the rainwater collection container after distribution; the arrangement bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four side frames with scale scales and four frame corner connectors, and at least a raindrop splash-proof blanket is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; the rain measuring point vertical and horizontal grid control rods are respectively arranged on the two pairs of frames at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collecting container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket of the rain measuring point, and the vertical and horizontal grid control rods are used for limiting the arrangement or fixing the position of the rainwater collecting container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring rain points, and the laser lines emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container; the rainwater collecting container is a cylinder, or a cylinder with a bottom surface downwards arranged and matched with the raindrop splash-proof blanket and a lower convex thorn, or a cylinder with an iron plate paved below the raindrop splash-proof blanket, and a permanent magnet attracted by the iron plate fixedly arranged below the rainwater collecting container. Protruding thorn and magnetism setting so down can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, and it also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation even to remove the arrangement bed, so magnetism is inhaled the design and is conveniently laid and remove to can not harm the rain droplet splashproof blanket. The raindrop splash-proof blanket is a water absorption blanket made of hydrophilic fibers. The mode of longitudinal and transverse grid control rods is adopted, the arrangement efficiency and precision of the rainwater collection containers can be obviously improved through the direct limiting effect of the control rods, after the rainwater collection containers are arranged, the arrangement bed is removed, then high-precision artificial rainfall simulation is carried out, and the arrangement bed can be kept for carrying out artificial strong rain simulation; the adoption is moved about freely and quickly the net control laser pen mode, through laser beam vision correction effect, also can show to improve rainwater collecting container and lay the precision, more can show to improve after skilled operation and lay the matter and imitate, because when laying, lacked the sheltering from of control lever to the sight and occupied the position, still lacked the splash of control lever to the raindrop and can also need not remove and arrange the bed and directly carry out high accuracy artificial simulation rainfall. The rainwater collection container is provided with the lower convex prick needle which is pricked on the raindrop splash-proof blanket, so that the rainwater collection container is prevented from shifting and skewing, and the rainwater collection container is more suitable for heavy rainfall simulation. Although the raindrop splash-proof blanket is arranged between the iron plate and the cylinder permanent magnet at intervals, the magnetic attraction can be influenced, when the thin raindrop splash-proof blanket is adopted, the adverse effect can not obviously influence the normal play of the magnetic attraction fixing effect. The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder with an upper opening which is 2 times larger than the diameter. The system also comprises an intelligent weighing calculator used for weighing the rainwater collection container and an electronic thermometer connected with the intelligent weighing calculator in a wireless communication mode, wherein the electronic thermometer can be flexibly configured on the port of the rainwater collection container through a clamping seat and used for extending into rainwater collected in the rainwater collection container to automatically measure the water temperature. The rainwater collecting device has the advantages of conveniently laying rainwater collecting containers, being good in laying quality effect, convenient to operate, strong in applicability, capable of remarkably improving the quality fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate and particularly suitable for rain intensity and uniformity simulation calibration.
The arrangement of the rainwater collecting containers of the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods for measuring the rainwater points is that a rainwater collecting container is respectively put in each rainwater point in the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods, and the arrangement of the rainwater collecting containers of the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pen for measuring the rainwater points in a laser line put in by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pen is that a rainwater collecting container is respectively put in each rainwater point; the grid control rod is a multi-section telescopic rod formed by sleeving a plurality of sections together, and two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms which are used for being positioned on the frame in a convenient dismounting mode; the two ends of the frame are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector in a manner of convenient disassembly and assembly, and the frame is a folding frame or a multi-section frame formed by connecting multiple sections in an extending manner. The connecting mechanism is provided with a through hole or a transparent plate window for observing the scale of the scale. One or more circles of rain measuring points close to the periphery of the four frames are not provided with the rainwater collecting containers, on one hand, when the arrangement bed is removed, the arranged rainwater collecting containers are not easy to touch, and the rainwater collecting containers are prevented from shifting or inclining. On the other hand, even if not removing the arrangement bed, directly carrying out artifical rainfall simulation, arranging the bed frame because left the rainwater collection container who lays, the raindrop that the frame splashes also is difficult for falling into in the rainwater collection container, causes unnecessary measuring error.
The connecting mechanism is a positioning hook or a positioning chuck; the multi-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically by symmetrical thick tubes at two ends, and then sliding and matching the innermost end symmetrically by sliding and matching the inner sleeve thin tubes through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes. The tube forming the multi-section telescopic rod is a circular tube or a rectangular tube, and the rectangular tube is preferably a transverse wide tube.
The frame corner connector is fixedly connected with the end of the multi-section frame in an inserting mode through the blind hole, the multi-section frame is formed by inserting at least two sections of pipes, a plug extending forwards from one butt joint end is inserted into the inner periphery of the other end, a locking pin fixedly inserted is arranged, and the two sections of pipes are provided with scale marks. The pipes spliced to form the multi-section frame are rectangular pipes, and the rectangular pipes are narrow vertical pipes with the section height at least 2 times larger than the width. The frame corner connector is fixedly welded with a bolting nut below the blind hole, bolting blind holes or through holes which are vertically corresponding to the nuts are arranged below two ends of the multi-section frame, and the bolting blind holes or the through holes are bolted at the upper ends of bolts which are screwed by the bolting nuts.
The removal of the arrangement bed is to remove the vertical and horizontal grid control rods or close the laser pen after the rainwater collection container is arranged, or to remove the laser pen or remove the whole arrangement bed; the four frame corner connectors are respectively movably connected or fixedly connected with the seat corner connectors through the downward movable connection or the fixedly connected seat corner connectors of the movable connection and the equal-height vertical rods, the seat corner connectors are fixedly connected with the bottom frame which is opposite to the frame in an up-and-down mode in a convenient dismounting mode, and the height of the rainwater collection container is 2 times greater than that of the frame; or the four frame corner connectors are respectively and fixedly connected with the corner connector base downwards through the fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods. The base of the angle connector is a big foot counterweight base.
The reserved arrangement bed is characterized in that after the rainwater collection container is arranged, the original state of the arrangement bed after the rainwater collection container is arranged is kept, the vertical and horizontal grid control rods are used for limiting the displacement or deflection of the rainwater collection container in the artificial rainfall process, and after artificial rainfall, the displacement and deflection conditions of the rainwater collection container are judged by referring to the vertical and horizontal grid control rods or the vertical and horizontal grid control laser lines for calibration correction; the frame is provided with a laser pen holder, and the laser pen holder is used for clamping and fixing a laser pen upwards and clamping and fixing the frame downwards; or the frame is provided with a laser pen holder which downwards clamps and fixes the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwards fixedly connected with the laser pen holder through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism. The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder which is provided with a sharp end and is higher than wide; when the laser pen is matched, the rainwater collection container is at least a transparent cylinder with a transparent side wall or at least the outer wall of the cylinder is white. The bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is fixedly provided with a lower convex thorn disc; or the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is downwards and fixedly provided with the balance weight disc and the lower convex plate in sequence. So can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, even remove the arrangement bed and also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation. When adopting a lateral wall transparent cylinder, the laser beam can be arranged on the outer wall of the rainwater collection container through closing on, when the laser beam is projected on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder, the laser spot projected on the cylinder wall can be observed very obviously inside and outside the cylinder, thereby easily adjusting the cylinder position, and when the laser spot is not displayed on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder any more, the rainwater collection container can be ensured to be accurately positioned on the rainwater measuring point. When the white barrel outer wall is adopted, laser beams of any color are very easy to observe when being projected on the barrel outer wall, so that the rainwater collection container is very easy to accurately position and the barrel position is very easy to correct. The rainwater collection container is a cylinder with the height being 2 times larger than the width, so that the rainwater collection container is not easily influenced by splashing raindrops.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the system for implementing the method for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system according to the present invention comprises a distribution bed for distributing the rainwater collection container 3 and a raindrop splash blanket 8, and after the distribution, the distribution bed is removed or kept for artificial rainfall simulation without touching the rainwater collection container 3; the arrangement bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four side frames 1 with scale scales 11 and four frame corner connectors 12, and at least a raindrop splash-proof blanket 8 is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods 2 for measuring raindrops according to the scale 11 with equal intervals, the rainwater collection container 3 is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket 8 for measuring raindrops, and the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods 2 are used for limiting the arrangement or fixing the rainwater collection container 3. The raindrop splash-proof blanket 8 is a water absorption blanket made of hydrophilic fibers. The raindrop splash-proof blanket is a water absorption blanket made of hydrophilic fibers. The arrangement efficiency and the arrangement precision of the rainwater collection containers can be obviously improved by adopting a longitudinal and transverse grid control rod mode and through the direct limiting effect of the control rods, and after the rainwater collection containers are arranged, the arrangement bed is removed and then high-precision artificial rainfall simulation is carried out, as shown in figure 5; the reserved arrangement bed can also be used for strong rain artificial simulation, for example, a downward convex prick needle arranged on the rain drop splash-proof blanket is arranged on the rain water collection container in fig. 4, so that the rain water collection container is prevented from shifting and skewing, and the strong rain artificial simulation is more suitable for strong rain simulation. The rainwater collection container 3 is provided with a cylinder with a sharp end opening and an upper opening with the height being 2 times larger than the diameter, so that the rainwater collection container is not easily influenced by splashed raindrops. The system also comprises an intelligent weighing calculator used for weighing the rainwater collection container and an electronic thermometer connected with the intelligent weighing calculator in a wireless communication mode, wherein the electronic thermometer can be flexibly configured on the port of the rainwater collection container through a clamping seat and used for extending into rainwater collected in the rainwater collection container to automatically measure the water temperature.
The rainwater collecting containers 3 of the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods 2 for measuring the rainwater points are distributed, namely, one rainwater collecting container 3 is respectively put into each rainwater measuring point in the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods 2; the grid control rod 2 is a multi-section telescopic rod which is sleeved together by a plurality of sections, and two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms 21 which are positioned and arranged on the frame 1 in a convenient dismounting mode; the two ends of the frame 1 are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector 12 in a convenient dismounting mode, and the frame 1 is a multi-section frame formed by connecting multiple sections in an extending mode and can also be a folding frame or a folding frame. The attachment means 21 is provided with a through hole or a transparent plate window for looking through the scale of the scale. The connecting mechanism 21 is a positioning hook, and can also be a positioning chuck or a positioning chuck; the multiple-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding and matching inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically with thick tubes at two ends, and sliding and matching the inner sleeve thin tubes at the innermost end symmetrically with the inner sleeve thin tubes through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes in a sliding and matching way. The tube forming the multi-section telescopic rod is a circular tube or a rectangular tube, and the rectangular tube is preferably a transverse wide tube. The frame corner connector 12 is fixedly connected with the end of a multi-section frame in an inserting mode through a blind hole, the multi-section frame is formed by inserting at least two sections of rectangular tubes, a plug extending forwards from one butt joint end is inserted into the inner periphery of the other end, a locking pin fixedly inserted is arranged, and scale scales 11 are arranged on the two sections of rectangular tubes. The rectangular tubes are narrow vertical tubes with a cross-sectional height at least 2 times greater than the width. The frame corner connector is fixedly welded with a bolting nut below the blind hole, bolting blind holes or through holes which are vertically corresponding to the nuts are arranged below two ends of the multi-section frame, and the bolting blind holes or the through holes are bolted at the upper ends of bolts which are screwed by the bolting nuts.
The removal of the arrangement bed is to remove the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods after the rainwater collection containers are arranged, or to remove the whole arrangement bed; the four frame corner connectors 12 are respectively movably connected or fixedly connected with a seat corner connector 14 downwards through equal-height vertical rods 13 of movable connection, the seat corner connector 14 is fixedly connected with a bottom frame 15 which is opposite to the frame 1 up and down in a convenient dismounting mode, and the height of the rainwater collection container is 2 times greater than that of the frame 1. The rainwater collecting device has the advantages of conveniently laying rainwater collecting containers, being good in laying quality effect, convenient to operate, strong in applicability, capable of remarkably improving the quality fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate and particularly suitable for rain intensity and uniformity simulation calibration.
Second embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the difference between the system for calibrating the rainfall simulation system of the present invention and the method for calibrating the rainfall uniformity thereof and the first embodiment is: the rainwater collection containers 3 of the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pen 4 are distributed, and one rainwater collection container 3 is placed in each rainwater measurement point in the laser line 41 put in by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pen 4; the four corner connectors 12 are respectively and fixedly connected with a corner connector base 16 downwards through fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods. The corner connector base 16 is a large foot counterweight base. The frame 1 is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens 4 according to scale scales at equal intervals, the rainwater collection container 3 is arranged on a raindrop splash blanket 8 for measuring rain points, and laser lines 41 emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens 4 are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container 3; the rainwater collection container 3 is a cylinder with a bottom surface downwards provided with downward convex thorns matched with the raindrop splash-proof blanket, and the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container 3 is downwards and sequentially provided with a balance weight disc 30 and a downward convex thorns disc 31. Or only the lower spur disk is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container. So can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, even remove the arrangement bed and also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation. When the laser pen is matched with the rainwater collection container, the rainwater collection container is at least a transparent cylinder with a transparent side wall or at least the outer wall of the cylinder is white. And the step of removing the arrangement bed is to arrange a rainwater collection container and then close the laser pen, or to remove the laser pen or to remove the whole arrangement bed.
The frame 1 is provided with a laser pen holder, and the laser pen holder is used for clamping and fixing a laser pen upwards and clamping and fixing the frame downwards; or the frame 1 is provided with a laser pen holder which downwardly clamps the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwardly fixedly connected with a laser pen clamping seat through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism. Adopt grid control laser pen mode with great ease, through laser beam vision correction effect, also can show to improve rainwater collecting container and lay the precision, more can show to improve behind the skilled operation and lay the matter and imitate, because when laying, lacked the sheltering from of control lever to the sight and occupied the position, still lacked the splash of control lever to the raindrop and can also need not remove and arrange the direct artificial simulation rainfall of bed.
The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder which is provided with a sharp end opening and is higher than wide; when the laser pen is matched, the rainwater collection container is at least a transparent cylinder with a transparent side wall or at least the outer wall of the cylinder is white. The bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is fixedly provided with a lower convex thorn disc; or the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is downwards and fixedly provided with the balance weight disc and the lower convex plate in sequence. When adopting a lateral wall transparent cylinder, the laser beam can be arranged on the outer wall of the rainwater collection container through closing on, when the laser beam is projected on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder, the laser spot projected on the cylinder wall can be observed very obviously inside and outside the cylinder, thereby easily adjusting the cylinder position, and when the laser spot is not displayed on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder any more, the rainwater collection container can be ensured to be accurately positioned on the rainwater measuring point. When the white barrel outer wall is adopted, laser beams of any color are very easy to observe when being projected on the barrel outer wall, so that the rainwater collection container is very easy to accurately position and the barrel position is very easy to correct. The rainwater collection container is a cylinder with the height being 2 times larger than the width, so that the rainwater collection container is not easily influenced by splashing raindrops.
In the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 8-9, the difference between the system for implementing the method for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system according to the present invention and the second embodiment is: an iron plate 80 is laid under the raindrop splash-proof blanket 8, and the rainwater collection container 3 is a cylinder fixedly arranged below and attracting the permanent magnet 33 with the iron plate. This facilitates the laying and removal and does not damage the raindrop splash blanket 8. The magnetic attraction design is convenient to arrange and remove, and the raindrop splash-proof blanket cannot be damaged.
The specific application is that firstly, a water absorption carpet is laid under the effective rainfall area of the rainfall machine or under the range of the rain intensity required to be determined. And splicing the bottom frame, and confirming the placing positions of four corners of the bottom frame. The spliced bottom frame is placed on the water absorption carpet. The vertical rod is connected through the three-head right-angle connector, the outer frame is connected with the vertical rod through the three-head right-angle connector after being spliced, the precision of the rainfall intensity uniformity of the rainfall machine, namely the density of rainfall measurement point positions, is calibrated according to the requirement, and the four sides of the frame are provided with the positioning hooks. And splicing the grid control rods to a proper length, and then connecting the grid control rods to the positioning hooks to determine the grid of the rain intensity measuring point. Will know its own weight (W 1 ) The rainwater collecting container is respectively put into the grid of the rainwater intensity measuring pointsAnd internally, grid control rods required to be close to the left lower part of the rainwater collection container are placed, and the consistency of the relative control positions is ensured. And (4) removing the grid control rods after the rainwater collecting containers are placed in all the grids.
The temperature of the simulated rainfall water was measured with a thermometer, and the density of the water at that temperature was confirmed in units of degree centigrade. Starting the artificial rainfall simulator, starting the rain intensity determination, and recording the duration of the simulated rainfall (t). The magnitude of the rain intensity is selected according to rating requirements, and generally at least 4 rain intensities from small to large are selected to be rated respectively. When the calibration is less raining, the simulated rainfall time must be increased, and if the rainfall is very small, the calibration error can be increased. After the simulated rainfall stops, the total weight of the rainwater collection container and the rainwater inside each rainfall intensity measurement point is sequentially and respectively measured, and the position of the measurement grid is recorded. The rainwater collecting container outer wall was first wiped dry and weighed using an electronic balance (0.01 g precision) (ii)W 2 ) Can calculate the weight of the rainwaterW Water (W) = W 2 - W 1 Calculating the volume of rainwaterv=W Water (W) /ρ Water (W) . The rainfall intensity (mm/h) of a certain measuring point is calculated by the following formula:I=［10×(v÷s)］÷t. In the formula:Irainfall intensity (mm/h);vthe volume (ml) of rainwater in the rainwater collection bottle;sfor the surface area (cm) of the mouth of the rainwater collecting container2)；tRainfall for a period of time (h); W water (W) The weight of the water in the rainwater collection container;W 2 the gross weight of the rainwater collection container;W 1 the net weight of the rainwater collection container;ρ water (W) Is the specific gravity of water.
The rainfall intensity contour line is an approach for evaluating rainfall uniformity, and the rainfall intensity contour line is drawn by utilizing Furfer software, taking the distance between measuring points as a coordinate system and utilizing a Kriging method to interpolate the rainfall intensity contour line.
The uniformity coefficient is adopted to express the rainfall uniformity, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 875969DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
in the formula:Kis a uniformity coefficient;
Figure 593389DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
setting the average rainfall (mm) of all measuring points in the measuring area; piRainfall (mm) for each measurement point;I i the rainfall intensity (mm/h) of each raining point is measured;mthe total number of all stations. The larger the uniformity coefficient is, the better the uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation is.
In a word, the method and the system for calibrating the rainfall intensity of the artificial rainfall simulation system have the advantages of convenient arrangement of the rainwater collection containers, good arrangement quality effect, convenient operation, strong applicability, remarkable improvement of the quality-fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate and particular suitability for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the uniformity simulation.

Claims (10)

1. A method for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of an artificial rainfall simulation system is characterized in that a rainwater collection container is arranged on a distribution bed with a raindrop splash-proof blanket laid at the bottom, and the distribution bed is removed or kept for artificial rainfall simulation on the premise that the rainwater collection container is not touched after the distribution; the arrangement bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four side frames with scale scales and four frame corner connectors, and at least a raindrop splash-proof blanket is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; the two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods for measuring raindrops at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring raindrops, and the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods are used for arranging and limiting or fixing and limiting the rainwater collection container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring rain points, and the laser lines emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container; the rainwater collecting container is a cylinder, or a cylinder with a bottom surface downwards arranged and matched with the raindrop splash-proof blanket and a lower convex thorn, or a cylinder with an iron plate laid below the raindrop splash-proof blanket, and a permanent magnet attracted by the iron plate and fixedly arranged below the rainwater collecting container.
2. The method for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of an artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the rainwater collection containers using the vertical and horizontal grid control levers for measuring the rainfall is to place one rainwater collection container on each rainmeasuring point in the vertical and horizontal grid control levers, and the arrangement of the rainwater collection containers using the vertical and horizontal grid control laser pens for measuring the rainfall is to place one rainwater collection container on each rainmeasuring point in the laser line placed by the vertical and horizontal grid control laser pens; the grid control rod is a multi-section telescopic rod formed by sleeving a plurality of sections together, and two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms which are used for being positioned on the frame in a convenient dismounting mode; the two ends of the frame are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector in a manner of convenient disassembly and assembly, and the frame is a folding frame or a multi-section frame formed by connecting multiple sections in an extending manner.
3. A method of rating artificial rainfall simulation system in accordance with claim 2, wherein the connection mechanism is a positioning hook or a positioning chuck; the multi-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically through symmetrical thick tubes at two ends, and then sliding and matching inner sleeve thin tubes at the innermost end through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes; the frame corner connector is fixedly connected with the end of the multi-section frame in an inserting mode through the blind hole, the multi-section frame is formed by inserting at least two sections of pipes, a plug extending forwards from one butt joint end is inserted into the inner periphery of the other end, a locking pin fixedly inserted is arranged, and the two sections of pipes are provided with scale marks.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the removing of the distribution bed is to remove the vertical and horizontal grid control rods or close the laser pen after the rainwater collection container is arranged, or to remove the laser pen or remove the whole distribution bed; the four frame corner connectors are respectively and movably connected or fixedly connected with the seat corner connectors downwards through equal-height vertical rods of movable joints, the seat corner connectors are fixedly connected with the bottom frame which is opposite to the frame up and down in a convenient dismounting mode, and the height of the rainwater collecting container is 2 times greater than that of the frame; or the four frame corner connectors are respectively and fixedly connected with the corner connector base downwards through the fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the arranging bed is kept after the rainwater collecting container is arranged, the arranging bed after the rainwater collecting container is arranged is kept intact, the rainwater collecting container is limited by the vertical and horizontal grid control rods to shift or skew during the artificial rainfall, and the shifting and skew of the rainwater collecting container is judged by referring to the vertical and horizontal grid control rods after the artificial rainfall or referring to the vertical and horizontal grid control laser lines after the artificial rainfall for calibration and correction; the frame is provided with a laser pen holder, and the laser pen holder is used for clamping and fixing a laser pen upwards and clamping and fixing the frame downwards; or the frame is provided with a laser pen holder which downwards clamps and fixes the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwards fixedly connected with the laser pen holder through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism.
6. The system for implementing the method for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, comprising a distribution bed for distributing a rainwater collection container and a raindrop splash blanket, wherein the distribution bed is removed or kept for artificial rainfall simulation without touching the rainwater collection container after distribution; the arrangement bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four side frames with scale scales and four frame corner connectors, and at least a raindrop splash-proof blanket is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; the two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods for measuring raindrops at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring raindrops, and the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods are used for arranging and limiting or fixing and limiting the rainwater collection container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring rain points, and the laser lines emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container; the rainwater collecting container is a cylinder, or a cylinder with a bottom surface downwards arranged and matched with the raindrop splash-proof blanket and a lower convex thorn, or a cylinder with an iron plate paved below the raindrop splash-proof blanket, and a permanent magnet attracted by the iron plate fixedly arranged below the rainwater collecting container.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the arrangement of the rainwater collection containers using the vertical and horizontal grid control rods for detecting raindrops is to place a rainwater collection container on each raindrop in the vertical and horizontal grid control rods, and the arrangement of the rainwater collection containers using the vertical and horizontal grid control laser pens is to place a rainwater collection container on each raindrop in the laser line placed by the vertical and horizontal grid control laser pens; the grid control rod is a multi-section telescopic rod which is sleeved together in multiple sections, and two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms which are positioned on the frame in a convenient dismounting manner; the two ends of the frame are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector in a manner of convenient disassembly and assembly, and the frame is a folding frame or a multi-section frame formed by connecting multiple sections in an extending manner.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the connecting mechanism is a positioning hook or a positioning chuck; the multi-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically through symmetrical thick tubes at two ends, and then sliding and matching inner sleeve thin tubes at the innermost end through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes; the frame corner connector is fixedly connected with the end of the multi-section frame in an inserting mode through the blind hole, the multi-section frame is formed by inserting at least two sections of pipes, a plug extending forwards from one butt joint end is inserted into the inner periphery of the other end, a locking pin fixedly inserted is arranged, and the two sections of pipes are provided with scale marks.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the removing of the arrangement bed comprises removing the cross grid control rod or turning off the laser pen after arranging the rainwater collection container, or removing the laser pen or removing the whole arrangement bed; the four frame corner connectors are respectively movably connected downwards or fixedly connected with the seat corner connectors through equal-height vertical rods which are movably connected, the seat corner connectors are fixedly connected with the bottom frame which is opposite to the frame up and down in a convenient dismounting mode, and the height of the rainwater collection container is 2 times greater than that of the frame; or the four frame corner connectors are respectively and fixedly connected with the corner connector base downwards through the fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods.
10. The system of claim 6, wherein the reserved arrangement bed is fixed after arranging the rainwater collection container and after arranging the rainwater collection container, the vertical and horizontal grid control rods are used for limiting the displacement or deflection of the rainwater collection container in the artificial rainfall process, and the vertical and horizontal grid control rods are referred to after artificial rainfall or the vertical and horizontal grid control laser lines are referred to after artificial rainfall to judge the displacement and deflection of the rainwater collection container for calibration and correction; the frame is provided with a laser pen holder which is used for clamping and fixing a laser pen upwards and clamping the frame downwards; or the frame is provided with a laser pen holder which downwards clamps and fixes the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwards fixedly connected with the laser pen holder through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism.
CN202210345320.5A 2022-04-02 2022-04-02 Method and system for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system Pending CN114660270A (en)

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