CN217060220U - Device for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system - Google Patents
Device for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217060220U CN217060220U CN202220754333.3U CN202220754333U CN217060220U CN 217060220 U CN217060220 U CN 217060220U CN 202220754333 U CN202220754333 U CN 202220754333U CN 217060220 U CN217060220 U CN 217060220U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for calibrating the raininess of an artificial rainfall simulation system and the rainfall uniformity thereof, which solves the problem of poor quality and effect of rain measurement and comprises a rainwater collection container, a bed and a raindrop splash blanket, wherein the bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four frames with scale scales and four frame angle connectors; the two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods for measuring rain points at equal intervals according to the scale marks, and the control rods are used for laying and limiting or fixing and limiting the rainwater collection container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring points in a longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pen according to the scale at equal intervals, and the laser line emitted by the laser pen carries out fixed-point laser line marking on the rainwater collection container. The device has the advantages of conveniently laying the collecting container, being convenient to operate, having strong applicability, obviously improving the quality-fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate, and being particularly suitable for rain intensity and uniformity simulation rating.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a rate artifical rainfall simulation device, especially relate to a rate artifical rainfall simulation system raininess and rainfall homogeneity's device.
Background
The artificial rainfall simulation is an important test method and research means widely used for soil erosion rule research, forecast model establishment and benefit analysis and evaluation of water and soil conservation measures. The collection of data related to soil erosion and water and soil loss by means of natural rainfall has great limitation, particularly in a wide area with less rainfall in the north of China, the rainfall is less, the amount of rainstorm which can cause water and soil loss is small, the practicability of related data is seriously influenced, and the development of water and soil conservation is restricted. By adopting the method of artificial rainfall simulation, a large amount of soil erosion data can be obtained in a short time, and the research period can be greatly shortened to accelerate the research process. The artificial rainfall simulation system can also be used for combining different test conditions such as different rainfall intensities, rainfall amounts, rainfall types and the like according to the test purpose to obtain data which are difficult to observe under the natural rainfall condition. The artificial rainfall simulation has great advantages in the aspects of duration, efficiency, test condition control and the like, and solves the problems that the natural rainfall consumes long time, has high cost and is difficult to obtain accurate control data.
Rainfall intensity, namely rainfall in unit time, is an important parameter for artificial rainfall simulation, and the rainfall intensity and the spatial distribution, namely rainfall uniformity, of the artificial rainfall simulation system are calibrated, so that the rainfall simulation method is very important work and provides related technical parameters and scientific basis for the artificial rainfall simulation system. The rainfall uniformity of the rainfall system is calibrated, namely whether the rainfall intensity is uniform in spatial distribution is calibrated, namely the rainfall intensity of a plurality of positions needs to be calibrated, and the more the rainfall intensity point positions are, the more the intensity point positions are, the more accurate the calibration result is.
The rainfall or the rainfall intensity of natural rainfall is generally observed by using a rain gauge, the rain gauge comprises different types of rain gauges such as a common rain gauge, a tipping bucket type rain gauge, a siphon type rain gauge and a weighing type rain gauge, and the price of one set of rain gauge is different from thousands of yuan to tens of thousands of yuan. If a large number of purchased rain gauges are expensive, the rainfall intensity is generally determined by only adopting a plurality of rain gauges, which is obviously not accurate enough for evaluating the uniformity of the artificial simulated rainfall, and the rainfall measurement point position is obviously not enough. In addition, a 1000 mL plastic jar was used to measure the rain intensity and the uniformity of rainfall. A plurality of bottles are uniformly placed under a rainfall simulation system, rainfall simulation is started, and the rainfall intensity of the simulated rainfall is converted by measuring the volume of rainwater collected by the bottles within a certain time. The method is economical, does not cost much money, and the plastic wide-mouth bottle is relatively cheap. The method is a commonly used method for calibrating the rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of the rainfall simulation system at present. However, the method still has the problem that as the height of the 1000 mL wide-mouth bottle is shorter, only about 15 cm, some raindrops can splash into the nearby wide-mouth bottle after hitting the ground, so that the wide-mouth bottle collects rainwater which falls from the upper part of the bottle mouth and falls to other positions to splash into the bottle. Another problem is that the raininess measuring points are designed into grid points with different densities when the raininess uniformity is calibrated, the positions are confirmed according to the designed densities of the measuring points, a ruler is used for measuring, a plurality of persons cooperate with a marker pen to mark the measuring points on the ground in advance, when the different measured densities are calibrated, the original measuring points on the ground are removed, new measuring points are drawn again, hundreds of jars are often used for measurement, and a long time is needed for placing the jars at the accurate positions. In addition, the volume of rainwater collected by each bottle was measured manually using a graduated cylinder. When the measuring cylinder measures the volume of liquid, if the sight line and the concave liquid level of the liquid in the measuring cylinder are on the same horizontal line, the sight line is inaccurate to read when being higher or lower, and the manual measurement error is not controlled well. In addition, when rainstorm artificial rainfall simulation is performed, the rainwater collection container may be displaced or tilted, thereby affecting the measurement effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the above-mentioned defect of prior art, provide a device of calibration artificial simulation rainfall system rain intensity and rainfall homogeneity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model discloses a device for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of an artificial rainfall simulation system, which is characterized by comprising a rainwater collection container, a distribution bed and a raindrop splash blanket, wherein the distribution bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four frames with scale scales and four frame angle connectors, and the raindrop splash blanket is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; the two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods for measuring raindrops at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring raindrops, and the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods are used for arranging and limiting or fixing and limiting the rainwater collection container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring rain points, and the laser lines emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container; the rainwater collecting container is the drum, perhaps for the bottom surface set up downwards with the drum of protruding thorn under the cooperation of raindrop splashproof blanket, perhaps lay below the raindrop splashproof blanket ironic board, rainwater collecting container for set firmly below with the drum of ironic board actuation permanent magnet, protruding thorn and magnetism setting so down can show improvement rainwater collecting container stability, and it also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation even to remove the bed of arranging, so magnetism is inhaled the design and is conveniently laid and remove to can not harm the raindrop splashproof blanket. The raindrop splash-proof blanket is a water absorption blanket made of hydrophilic fibers. The mode of longitudinal and transverse grid control rods is adopted, the arrangement efficiency and precision of the rainwater collection containers can be obviously improved through the direct limiting effect of the control rods, after the rainwater collection containers are arranged, the arrangement bed is removed, then high-precision artificial rainfall simulation is carried out, and the arrangement bed can be kept for carrying out artificial strong rain simulation; the adoption is moved about freely and quickly the net control laser pen mode, through laser beam vision correction effect, also can show to improve rainwater collecting container and lay the precision, more can show to improve after skilled operation and lay the matter and imitate, because when laying, lacked the sheltering from of control lever to the sight and occupied the position, still lacked the splash of control lever to the raindrop and can also need not remove and arrange the bed and directly carry out high accuracy artificial simulation rainfall. The rainwater collection container is provided with the lower convex prick needle which is pricked on the raindrop splash-proof blanket, so that the rainwater collection container is prevented from shifting and skewing, and the rain-proof device is more suitable for heavy rainfall simulation. Although the raindrop splash-proof blanket is arranged between the iron plate and the cylinder permanent magnet at intervals, the magnetic attraction can be influenced, when the thin raindrop splash-proof blanket is adopted, the adverse effect can not obviously influence the normal play of the magnetic attraction fixing effect. The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder with an upper opening which is 2 times larger than the diameter. The device also comprises an intelligent weighing calculator used for weighing the rainwater collection container and an electronic thermometer connected with the intelligent weighing calculator in a wireless communication mode, wherein the electronic thermometer can be flexibly configured on the port of the rainwater collection container through a clamping seat and used for extending into rainwater collected in the rainwater collection container to automatically measure the water temperature. The rainwater collecting device has the advantages of conveniently laying rainwater collecting containers, being good in laying quality effect, convenient to operate, strong in applicability, capable of remarkably improving the quality fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate and particularly suitable for rain intensity and uniformity simulation calibration.
As optimization, the grid control rod is a multi-section telescopic rod which is formed by sleeving a plurality of sections together, and two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms which are used for being positioned and arranged on the frame in a convenient dismounting mode; the two ends of the frame are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector in a manner of convenient disassembly and assembly, and the frame is a folding frame or a multi-section frame formed by extending and connecting multiple sections. The connecting mechanism is provided with a through hole or a transparent plate window for observing the scale of the scale.
As optimization, the connecting mechanism is a positioning hook or a positioning chuck; the multiple-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding and matching inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically with thick tubes at two ends, and sliding and matching the inner sleeve thin tubes at the innermost end symmetrically with the inner sleeve thin tubes through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes in a sliding and matching way. The tube forming the multi-section telescopic rod is a circular tube or a rectangular tube, and the rectangular tube is preferably a transverse wide tube.
Preferably, the frame corner connector is fixedly connected with the end head of the multi-section frame in an inserting mode through the blind hole, the multi-section frame is formed by inserting at least two sections of pipes, a plug extending forwards from one butt joint end is inserted into the inner periphery of the other end head, a locking pin fixedly inserted is arranged, and the two sections of pipes are provided with scale marks.
Preferably, the pipes inserted into the multi-section frame are rectangular pipes, and the rectangular pipes are narrow vertical pipes with the section height at least 2 times larger than the width.
Preferably, the frame corner connector is fixedly welded with a bolting nut below the blind hole, bolting blind holes or through holes which vertically correspond to the nuts are arranged below two ends of the multi-section frame, and the bolting blind holes or the through holes are bolted at the upper ends of bolts screwed by the bolting nuts. The rectangular tubes are narrow vertical tubes with a cross-sectional height at least 2 times greater than the width.
As optimization, the four frame corner connectors are respectively movably connected or fixedly connected with the seat corner connectors through the downward movable connection or the fixedly connected seat corner connectors of the movable connection and the equal-height vertical rods, the seat corner connectors are fixedly connected with the bottom frame vertically opposite to the side frame in a convenient dismounting mode, and the height of the rainwater collection container is 2 times greater than that of the side frame; or the four frame corner connectors are respectively and fixedly connected with the corner connector base downwards through the fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods. The base of the angle connector is a big foot counterweight seat.
As optimization, the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is fixedly provided with a lower convex thorn disc; or the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is downwards and sequentially fixedly provided with the counterweight plate and the lower convex plate. So can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, even remove the arrangement bed and also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation.
As optimization, the frame is provided with a laser pen holder, and the laser pen holder is used for clamping and fixing a laser pen upwards and clamping and fixing the frame downwards; or the frame is provided with a laser pen holder which downwards clamps and fixes the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwards fixedly connected with the laser pen holder through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism.
As optimization, the rainwater collecting container is a cylinder which is provided with a sharp end opening and is higher than the wide end opening, so that the rainwater collecting container is not easily influenced by splashing raindrops; when the laser pen is matched, at least the side wall of the barrel is transparent or at least the outer wall of the barrel is white. When adopting a lateral wall transparent cylinder, the laser beam can be arranged on the outer wall of the rainwater collection container through closing on, when the laser beam is projected on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder, the laser spot projected on the cylinder wall can be observed very obviously inside and outside the cylinder, thereby easily adjusting the cylinder position, and when the laser spot is not displayed on the lateral wall of the transparent cylinder any more, the rainwater collection container can be ensured to be accurately positioned on the rainwater measuring point. When the white barrel outer wall is adopted, laser beams of any color are very easy to observe when being projected on the barrel outer wall, so that the rainwater collecting container and the barrel position can be very easily and accurately positioned and corrected. The rainwater collecting container is a cylinder with the height more than 2 times of the width, so that the rainwater collecting container is not easily influenced by splashed raindrops.
The length and width of the frame and the bottom frame of the device are determined by the effective rainfall area of the artificial rainfall simulation system or the range of the rainfall intensity required to be calibrated. The frame and the bottom frame are spliced together, so that the frame is convenient to disassemble and store. The vertical rod is used for supporting the upper frame and is connected by a bottom frame of the three-head right-angle connector. The height of the upright stanchion is 20 cm. The three-head right-angle connector is used for connecting the side frame with the vertical rod or the bottom frame with the vertical rod. The frames are also spliced together and have length scales thereon. The positioning hook sets the position of the positioning hook according to the required precision for calibrating the rain intensity uniformity of the rainfall machine. And the grid control rods are detachably spliced. A rainwater collecting container, which can also be called a simple rain gauge, is a cylindrical container with the height of 70cm and the diameter of the bottom surface of 20cm, and a rainwater bearing opening at the upper end of the cylindrical container is required to be sharp so as to prevent raindrops from hitting the edge to cause errors.
This device has mainly solved three technical problem: the problem that rainwater collecting containers are splashed into by first peripheral raindrops is solved by increasing the height of the rainwater collecting containers and laying a water absorption blanket at the place without the rainwater collecting containers around, so that the falling rainwater cannot be splashed into the rainwater collecting containers. The second is that the efficiency problem is put to improve different density measurement points and a large amount of jars, and the collapsible frame of dismantling of device has the scale, and there is measuring point net control lever in the middle, sets up different measurement density through adjusting the net control lever, and rainfall collecting container only need put into the net that has adjusted can. And thirdly, the rainwater volume is not accurately measured, the weighing precision of the balance is high by adopting a weighing method, the weighing data can be directly displayed, the density of water is fixed under different water temperatures, the density of water is determined by measuring the temperature of the water in advance, the volume of rainwater collected by the simulated rainfall is calculated, and the rainfall intensity of the simulated rainfall is further calculated. The device can improve the rate experimental efficiency, and the fund input is few, and simple easy operation. The artificial rainfall simulation system is applied to the artificial rainfall simulation hall of Beijing university, has good effect and is popularized and used in related fields in China.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the utility model discloses the device of rating artifical rainfall simulation system rain intensity and rainfall homogeneity has conveniently to lay rainwater collection container, and it is effectual to lay matter, convenient operation, and the suitability is strong, is showing the advantage that improves artifical rainfall simulation rate and decide matter to imitate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the rainwater collection container arrangement bed according to the first embodiment of the device for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the rain water collecting container arrangement bed of the device for calibrating the raininess and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment adapted rainwater collection container of the device for calibrating the raininess and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement state and heavy rain use state of the rainwater collection container arrangement bed of the first embodiment of the device for calibrating the rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the rainfall state overlooking after the rain intensity of the artificial rainfall simulation system and the rainfall uniformity thereof are calibrated by the rain water collecting container of the first embodiment of the device. Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the second embodiment of the device for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system according to the present invention, showing the arrangement state of the rainwater collection container arrangement bed. Fig. 7 is a side view schematic diagram of the second embodiment adapted rainwater collection container of the device for calibrating the raininess and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system. Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the third embodiment of the device for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system according to the present invention, showing the layout state of the rainwater collection container arrangement bed. Fig. 9 is a side view schematic diagram of the third embodiment adapted rainwater collection container of the device for calibrating the raininess and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system.
Detailed Description
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-5, the device for calibrating the rain intensity and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system of the present invention comprises a rainwater collection container 3, a distribution bed and a raindrop splash blanket 8, wherein the distribution bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four frames 1 with scale marks 11 and four frame corner connectors 12, and at least the raindrop splash blanket 8 is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; two pairs of frames are respectively provided with longitudinal and transverse grid control rods 2 for measuring raindrops according to the scale 11 with equal intervals, the rainwater collection container 3 is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket 8 for measuring raindrops, and the longitudinal and transverse grid control rods 2 are used for limiting the arrangement or fixing the rainwater collection container 3. The raindrop splash-proof blanket 8 is a water absorption blanket made of hydrophilic fibers. The raindrop splash-proof blanket is a water absorption blanket made of hydrophilic fibers. The arrangement efficiency and the arrangement precision of the rainwater collection containers can be obviously improved by adopting a longitudinal and transverse grid control rod mode and through the direct limiting effect of the control rods, and after the rainwater collection containers are arranged, the arrangement bed is removed, and then high-precision artificial rainfall simulation is carried out, as shown in a figure 5; the reserved arrangement bed can also be used for strong rain artificial simulation, for example, a downward convex prick needle arranged on the rain drop splash-proof blanket is arranged on the rain water collection container in fig. 4, so that the rain water collection container is prevented from shifting and skewing, and the strong rain artificial simulation is more suitable for strong rain simulation. The rainwater collection container 3 is provided with a cylinder with a sharp end opening and an upper opening with the height being 2 times larger than the diameter, so that the rainwater collection container is not easily influenced by splashed raindrops. The device also comprises an intelligent weighing calculator for weighing the rainwater collection container and an electronic thermometer connected with the intelligent weighing calculator in a wireless communication manner, wherein the electronic thermometer can be flexibly configured on the port of the rainwater collection container through a clamping seat and used for extending into rainwater collected in the rainwater collection container to automatically measure the water temperature.
The grid control rod 2 is a multi-section telescopic rod which is sleeved together by a plurality of sections, and two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms 21 which are positioned and arranged on the frame 1 in a convenient dismounting mode; the two ends of the frame 1 are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector 12 in a convenient dismounting mode, and the frame 1 is a multi-section frame formed by connecting multiple sections in an extending mode and can also be a folding frame or a folding frame. The connection means 21 is provided with a through hole or a transparent plate window for allowing the scale of the scale to be observed therethrough. The connecting mechanism 21 is a positioning hook, and can also be a positioning chuck or a positioning chuck; the multi-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically by symmetrical thick tubes at two ends, and then sliding and matching the innermost end symmetrically by sliding and matching the inner sleeve thin tubes through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes. The tubes forming the multi-section telescopic rod are circular tubes or rectangular tubes, and the rectangular tubes are preferably transverse wide tubes. The frame corner connector 12 is fixedly connected with the end of a multi-section frame in an inserting mode through a blind hole, the multi-section frame is formed by inserting and connecting at least two sections of rectangular pipes, a plug extending forwards from one section of butt joint end is inserted and connected with the inner periphery of the other section of end, a locking pin fixedly inserted and connected is arranged, and scale scales 11 are arranged on the two sections of rectangular pipes. The rectangular tubes are narrow vertical tubes with a cross-sectional height at least 2 times greater than the width. The frame corner connector is fixedly welded with a bolting nut below the blind hole, bolting blind holes or through holes which are vertically corresponding to the nuts are arranged below two ends of the multi-section frame, and the bolting blind holes or the through holes are bolted at the upper ends of bolts which are screwed by the bolting nuts.
The four frame corner connectors 12 are respectively movably connected or fixedly connected with a seat corner connector 14 downwards through equal-height vertical rods 13 of movable connection, the seat corner connector 14 is fixedly connected with a bottom frame 15 which is opposite to the frame 1 up and down in a convenient dismounting mode, and the height of the rainwater collection container is 2 times greater than that of the frame 1. The rainwater collecting device has the advantages of conveniently laying rainwater collecting containers, being good in laying quality effect, convenient to operate, strong in applicability, capable of remarkably improving the quality fixing effect of the artificial rainfall simulation rate and particularly suitable for rain intensity and uniformity simulation calibration.
Embodiment two, as shown in fig. 6-7, the difference between the device for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system of the present invention and the above embodiment one is: the four corner connectors 12 are respectively and fixedly connected with a corner connector base 16 downwards through fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods. The corner connector base 16 is a large foot weighted base. The frame 1 is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens 4 according to scale scales at equal intervals, the rainwater collection container 3 is arranged on a raindrop splash blanket 8 for measuring rain points, and laser lines 41 emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens 4 are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container 3; the rainwater collection container 3 is a cylinder with a bottom surface downwards provided with downward convex thorns matched with the raindrop splash-proof blanket, and the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container 3 is downwards and sequentially provided with a balance weight disc 30 and a downward convex thorns disc 31. Or the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is only fixedly provided with the lower convex plate. So can show improvement rainwater collection container stability, it also can be suitable for strong rain artificial simulation even to remove the arrangement bed. When the laser pen is matched with the rainwater collection container, the rainwater collection container is at least a transparent cylinder with a transparent side wall or at least the outer wall of the cylinder is white. When adopting the lateral wall transparency tube, can set up the laser beam through closing on rainwater collection container outer wall, when the laser beam projects on the transparency tube lateral wall, the laser spot that projects on the section of thick bamboo wall can both be observed very obviously inside and outside the section of thick bamboo to easily through adjusting a section of thick bamboo position, when no longer showing the laser spot on the transparency tube lateral wall, just can guarantee that the rainwater collects the accurate location of container and surveys on the rain spot. When the white barrel outer wall is adopted, laser beams of any color are very easy to observe when being projected on the barrel outer wall, so that the rainwater collection container is very easy to accurately position and the barrel position is very easy to correct. The rainwater collection container is a cylinder with the height being 2 times larger than the width, so that the rainwater collection container is not easily influenced by splashing raindrops.
The frame 1 is provided with a laser pen holder, and the laser pen holder is used for clamping and fixing a laser pen upwards and clamping and fixing the frame downwards; or the frame 1 is provided with a laser pen holder which downwards clamps the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwards fixedly connected with a laser pen clamping seat through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism. Adopt grid control laser pen mode with great ease, through laser beam vision correction effect, also can show to improve rainwater collecting container and lay the precision, more can show to improve behind the skilled operation and lay the matter and imitate, because when laying, lacked the sheltering from of control lever to the sight and occupied the position, still less the splash of control lever to the raindrop to can also need not remove and arrange the direct artificial simulation rainfall of bed.
Third embodiment, as shown in fig. 8-9, the difference between the device for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system of the present invention and the second embodiment is as follows: an iron plate 80 is laid under the raindrop splash-proof blanket 8, and the rainwater collection container 3 is a cylinder fixedly arranged below and attracting the permanent magnet 33 with the iron plate. This facilitates the laying and removal and does not damage the raindrop splash blanket 8.
The specific application is that firstly, a water absorption carpet is laid under the effective rainfall area of the rainfall machine or under the range of the rain intensity required to be determined. And splicing the bottom frame, and confirming the placing positions of four corners of the bottom frame. The spliced bottom frame is placed on the water absorption carpet. The vertical rod is connected through the three-head right-angle connector, the outer frame is connected with the vertical rod through the three-head right-angle connector after being spliced, the precision of the rainfall intensity uniformity of the rainfall machine, namely the density of rainfall measurement point positions, is calibrated according to the requirement, and the four sides of the frame are provided with the positioning hooks. And splicing the grid control rods to a proper length, and then connecting the grid control rods to the positioning hooks to determine the grid of the rain intensity measuring point. Will be provided withKnown own weight of (W 1 ) The rainwater collecting containers are respectively placed in the grids of the rainwater intensity measuring points, grid control rods requiring the rainwater collecting containers to be close to the left lower portion are placed, and the control of the relative positions is guaranteed to be consistent. And (4) after the rainwater collecting containers are placed in all the grids, removing the grid control rods.
The temperature of the simulated rainfall water was measured with a thermometer in the unit of ° c, and the density of the water at this temperature was confirmed. Starting the artificial rainfall simulator, starting the rain intensity determination, and recording the duration of the simulated rainfall (t). The magnitude of the rain intensity is selected according to the rating requirement, and at least 4 rain intensities from small to large are generally selected to be rated respectively. When the calibration is less raining, the simulated rainfall time must be increased, and if the rainfall is very small, the calibration error can be increased. After the simulated rainfall stops, respectively measuring the total weight of the rainwater collection container of each rainfall intensity measuring point and the rainwater in the rainwater collection container in sequence, and simultaneously recording the position of the measuring grid. The rainwater collecting container outer wall was first wiped dry and weighed using an electronic balance (0.01 g precision) (ii)W 2 ) And can calculate the weight of rainwaterW Water (W) = W 2 - W 1 Calculating the volume of rainwaterv=W Water (W) /ρ Water (W) . The rainfall intensity (mm/h) calculation formula of a certain measuring point is as follows:I=［10×(v÷s)］÷t. In the formula:Irainfall intensity (mm/h);vthe volume (ml) of rainwater in the rainwater collection bottle;sthe surface area (cm) of the mouth of the bottle mouth rainwater collecting container 2 )；tRainfall for a period of time (h); W water (I) The weight of the water in the rainwater collection container;W 2 the gross weight of the rainwater collection container;W 1 the net weight of the rainwater collection container;ρ water (I) Is the specific gravity of water.
The rainfall intensity contour is an approach for evaluating rainfall uniformity, and the rainfall intensity contour is drawn by utilizing Furfer software, taking the distance between measuring points as a coordinate system and utilizing a Kriging method to interpolate the rainfall intensity contour.
The uniformity coefficient is adopted to express the rainfall uniformity, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:Kis a uniformity coefficient;
the average rainfall (mm) of all measuring points in the measuring area is calibrated; p is i Rainfall (mm) for each measurement point;I i the rainfall intensity (mm/h) of each raining point is measured;mis the total number of all stations. The larger the uniformity coefficient, the better the uniformity of the artificially simulated rainfall.
In a word, the utility model discloses the device of rating artifical rainfall simulation system raininess and rainfall homogeneity has the rainwater collection container of conveniently laying, and it is effectual to lay the matter, convenient operation, and the suitability is strong, is showing to improve artifical rainfall simulation rate and decides the matter effect, is particularly suitable for the advantage of raininess and homogeneity simulation rating.
Claims (10)
1. A device for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of an artificial rainfall simulation system is characterized by comprising a rainwater collection container, a distribution bed and a raindrop splash-proof blanket, wherein the distribution bed is a rectangular bed frame consisting of four side frames with scale scales and four frame corner connectors, and at least the raindrop splash-proof blanket is laid on the ground in the rectangular bed frame; the rain measuring point vertical and horizontal grid control rods are respectively arranged on the two pairs of frames at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collecting container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket of the rain measuring point, and the vertical and horizontal grid control rods are used for limiting the arrangement or fixing the position of the rainwater collecting container; or the frame is respectively provided with rain measuring point longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens at equal intervals according to the scale marks, the rainwater collection container is used for being arranged on the raindrop splash-proof blanket for measuring rain points, and the laser lines emitted by the longitudinal and transverse grid control laser pens are used for carrying out fixed-point laser line position marking on the rainwater collection container; the rainwater collecting container is a cylinder, or a cylinder with a bottom surface downwards arranged and matched with the raindrop splash-proof blanket and a lower convex thorn, or a cylinder with an iron plate laid below the raindrop splash-proof blanket, and a permanent magnet attracted by the iron plate and fixedly arranged below the rainwater collecting container.
2. The apparatus for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of an artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the grid control rod is a multi-section telescopic rod formed by multiple sections sleeved together, and the two ends of the grid control rod are provided with connecting mechanisms for positioning and arranging on the side frames in a manner of convenient assembly and disassembly; the two ends of the frame are fixedly connected with the frame corner connector in a manner of convenient disassembly and assembly, and the frame is a folding frame or a multi-section frame formed by connecting multiple sections in an extending manner.
3. The device for ratifying rainfall and its rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 2, wherein the connecting mechanism is a positioning hook or a positioning chuck; the multi-section telescopic rod is formed by sequentially sliding inner sleeve thin tubes inwards step by step symmetrically by symmetrical thick tubes at two ends, and then sliding and matching the innermost end symmetrically by sliding and matching the inner sleeve thin tubes through inner sleeve or outer sleeve middle connecting tubes.
4. A device for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of an artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 2, wherein the frame corner connector is fixedly connected with the ends of a plurality of sections of frames in an inserting manner through blind holes, the plurality of sections of frames are formed by inserting at least two sections of pipes, a plug extending forwards from one section of the abutting end is inserted into the inner circumference of the other section of the ends and is provided with a locking pin for fixed inserting, and scale marks are arranged on the two sections of pipes.
5. The apparatus for calibrating rainfall intensity and rainfall uniformity of an artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 4, wherein the pipes inserted into the multi-section frame are rectangular pipes, and the rectangular pipes are narrow vertical pipes having a cross-sectional height at least 2 times greater than a width of the narrow vertical pipes.
6. A device for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the frame corner connectors are welded with the fastening nuts under the blind holes, the fastening blind holes or through holes corresponding to the nuts are formed under the two ends of the multi-section frames, and the fastening blind holes or through holes are fastened by the upper ends of the bolts screwed with the fastening nuts.
7. The apparatus for calibrating raininess and uniformity of rainfall in an artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the four corner connectors are respectively movably connected or fixedly connected with the corner connectors via the equal-height vertical rods of the movable joints, the corner connectors are fixedly connected with the bottom frame opposite to the side frame in a convenient dismounting manner, and the height of the rainwater collection container is 2 times greater than that of the side frame; or the four frame corner connectors are respectively and fixedly connected with the corner connector base downwards through the fixedly connected equal-height vertical rods.
8. The device for calibrating the rainfall intensity and the rainfall uniformity of the artificial rainfall simulation system according to the claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is fixedly provided with a lower convex thorn disc; or the bottom surface of the rainwater collection container is downwards and fixedly provided with the balance weight disc and the lower convex plate in sequence.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the frame is configured with a laser pen holder, and the laser pen holder is used for clamping the laser pen upwards and clamping the frame downwards; or the frame is provided with a laser pen holder which downwards clamps the frame, and the laser pen holder is upwards fixedly connected with a laser pen clamping seat through a manually locked universal hinge mechanism.
10. The apparatus for ratifying rainfall capacity and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater collection container is a cylinder with a height greater than a width and a sharp end; when the laser pen is matched, the rainwater collection container is at least a transparent cylinder with a transparent side wall or at least the outer wall of the cylinder is white.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220754333.3U CN217060220U (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Device for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220754333.3U CN217060220U (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Device for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217060220U true CN217060220U (en) | 2022-07-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202220754333.3U Active CN217060220U (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Device for calibrating raininess and rainfall uniformity of artificial rainfall simulation system |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN217060220U (en) |
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