CN114659924B - Novel inclination calibration device for Hopkinson pressure bar shaft - Google Patents
Novel inclination calibration device for Hopkinson pressure bar shaft Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/62—Manufacturing, calibrating, or repairing devices used in investigations covered by the preceding subgroups
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel device is markd in slope of hopkinson pressure pole axle, the device installs a laser instrument at striking pole support, the photometry passageway of a design is installed on incident pole and the projection pole erection support, adjust incident pole and the support of projection pole and make the laser beam that the laser instrument launched image the CCD image device of installing on terminal support behind two photometry passageways, according to the data that CCD image device read, calculate the position of each support of accurate regulation behind the deviation that diaxon actually exists. The designed photometry channel is formed by assembling two cylindrical pipelines through threads, and the length of the photometry channel can be changed through adjusting the threads to achieve accurate calibration. The invention can measure and solve the problem of inclination angle in lower shaft alignment with different precision requirements, and can rapidly calculate the shaft inclination angle by only measuring the coordinates of laser imaging positions, and has simple steps and easy realization of practical operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a novel device for calibrating the inclination of a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft, belongs to the field of dynamic mechanical property testing of materials, and is particularly suitable for adjusting the axial alignment inclination angle of a Hopkinson pressure bar testing device.
Background
In engineering practical application, various parts have installation precision requirements during assembly, for example, a plurality of shaft parts can be required to have good centering performance, and the center lines of the shaft parts are ensured to be positioned on the same straight line. If such parts do not meet such requirements, machine vibration may be increased, wear may be accelerated, equipment failure may even be caused, and the like. Therefore, in practical engineering applications, it is necessary to adjust the shaft-like parts to meet centering requirements. The Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device is an experimental device for testing mechanical behaviors and microstructure responses of various materials under the condition of dynamic loading and high strain rate deformation. The experimental device can be divided into a mechanical part and a measuring part, wherein the mechanical part comprises a transmitting device, an impact rod, an incident rod, a projection rod, an energy absorber and the like, the measuring part comprises a dynamic strain gauge, a digital oscilloscope, an infrared velocimeter, a data processing system and the like, and strain gauges are respectively stuck between the incident rod and the projection rod and are connected with the oscilloscope. During experiments, the transmitting device drives the impact rod to collide with the incident rod, the incident rod propagates the generated stress wave to the projection rod through the test piece, the strain gauge records signals of the incident wave, the reflected wave and the transmitted wave, and the signals are transmitted to the waveform memory through the dynamic strain gauge and finally stored in the computer for data processing. In the process, in order to ensure the accuracy of experimental data, avoid generating larger errors or mistakes, improve the stress condition of the end faces of the compression bars, avoid the end face damage caused by stress concentration, and ensure that each compression bar of the Hopkinson compression bar experimental device is always on the same straight line during experiments.
The device for adjusting the inclination of the compression bar in the prior Hopkinson compression bar experiment mainly adjusts the heights of all the support seats by manually observing and using a spanner and the like before the experiment, and then performs a plurality of pre-impact experiments to make fine adjustment according to impact data so as to ensure that all the compression bars are in the same straight line. The device has complex process, long time consumption, large human error in the adjusted result, and difficulty in guaranteeing the centering. The invention discloses a novel device for calibrating the inclination of a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft, which can overcome the defects of complex steps and long time consumption of the original device, does not need to add a large number of measuring instruments and other equipment, has simple steps and low cost, and can realize the calibration and adjustment according to the inclination precision of a given shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a novel device for calibrating the inclination of a Hopkinson pressure bar, which overcomes the defect of the existing Hopkinson pressure bar device in centering, and the device uses a CCD imaging device to acquire laser beam imaging points emitted by a laser instrument to determine adjustment parameters, so that the simplicity of the Hopkinson pressure bar adjustment step can be realized, the time and the cost can be saved, the dependence on manpower and experience can be greatly reduced, and the adjustment precision can be remarkably improved.
The basic idea of the improvement of the invention is that: a laser instrument is arranged on an impact rod support, a designed photometry channel is arranged on an incident rod and projection rod mounting support, laser beams emitted by the laser instrument are imaged on a CCD imaging device arranged on the support at the tail end after passing through the two photometry channels, and accurate adjustment of the positions of the supports is realized after the actual deviation of two shafts is calculated according to the data read by the CCD imaging device. The designed photometry channel is formed by assembling two cylindrical pipelines through threads, one end close to the CCD imaging device is provided with a radius r, the circle center of the two cylindrical pipelines is a horizontal corresponding point of a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument end, and the length of the cylindrical pipelines can be adjusted and changed independently through the threads, so that the length of the photometry channel can be changed through adjusting the threads, and the adjustment and measurement of the precision can be realized. A CCD imaging device is an electro-optical device widely used today, which can accurately measure the position of a laser spot and transmit it to a computer.
In order to realize the inclination calibration of the Hopkinson pressure bar shaft, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A new inclination calibration device of a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft comprises a transmitting part, an experimental part and a measuring part.
The first part is a firing part comprising a striker rod (1) and a striker rod holder (2). The striking rod support (2) is provided with a hole for installing the striking rod (1), and the striking rod support (2) is fixed on a Hopkinson experiment device table. During experiments, the air pressure device generates air pressure to push the impact rod (1).
The second part is an experimental part and comprises an incidence rod (5), a projection rod (7), a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometry channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometry channel support b (12). Wherein, CCD imaging device support (9), photometry passageway support a (10) and photometry passageway support b (12) are ordinary support (11) repacking and form, and its top leaves the installation position and installs corresponding device. The common support (11) comprises a first support (13), a second support (14), a butterfly bolt (15), a horizontal adjusting seat (16), a rod piece mounting seat (17), an adjusting bolt (18) and a plurality of fixing screws; the first support (13) is taken as a reference, a dovetail groove is formed in the inner side of the second support (14) and is matched with a related structure of the first support (13) to form a guide rail, the guide rail is arranged on the first support (13) through a set screw, meanwhile, the through hole of the second support (14) is slightly larger than a bolt, and the height of the second support (14) can be adjusted through an adjusting bolt (18) on the first support (13); the horizontal adjusting seat (16) is matched with the top of the second support (14) through a dovetail groove to form a guide rail, and the horizontal position of the device is adjusted through butterfly bolts (15) on two sides. The four supports are arranged on the Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device, the common support (11) and the photometry channel b 12 are used for installing the incidence bar (5), and the photometry channel support a (10) and the CCD imaging device support (9) are used for installing the projection bar (7). The adjusting bolt (18) and the butterfly bolt (15) are provided with a self-locking function, so that the CCD imaging device support (9), the photometry channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometry channel support b (12) are fixed at the adjusting position after being adjusted, and scale marks are arranged on the adjusting bolt and the butterfly bolt, and the adjusting bolt and the butterfly bolt, so that the position of the compression bar can be accurately adjusted by adjusting data.
The third part is a measuring part and comprises a laser instrument (3), a photometry channel (4) and a CCD imaging device (8). Wherein, laser instrument (3) is installed in striking pole support (2). The photometry passageway (4) comprises photometry pipe A (4.1) and photometry pipe B (4.2) two parts through the screw thread, and accessible adjusting screw thread changes the length of photometry passageway (4), marks the scale on photometry passageway (4), can read photometry passageway (4) length, and this structure is installed on member mount pad (17) to install in photometry passageway support a (10) and photometry passageway support B (12). The CCD imaging device (8) is arranged on the rod piece installation seat (17) and is fixed on the CCD imaging device support (9).
The measuring principle of the invention is as follows:
The first step measures pre-calibration. After the Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device is installed, the incident bar (5) and the projection 7 bar are preliminarily pre-leveled, the CCD imaging device support (9), the photometry channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the regulating bolts (18) and the butterfly bolts (15) of the photometry channel support b (12) are adjusted, the inclination deviation of the incident bar (5) and the projection bar (7) is reduced, and the laser beam emitted by the laser instrument (3) can be smoothly emitted into the photometry channel (4) and imaged on the CCD imaging device (8).
The second step is to acquire measurement data. The length of the two photometry channels (4) is adjusted according to the measurement precision, after the laser instrument (3) is started, laser beams are emitted from small round holes formed in the photometry channels (4) after being emitted into the first photometry channel (4), then are emitted into the second photometry channel (4) and are imaged on the CCD imaging device (8) after being emitted from the small round holes of the channels, the CCD imaging device (8) records the imaging position and acquires data, the acquired data are converted into signals, and the signals are transmitted to the computer and are compared with a predefined imaging origin.
The third step is to calculate and correct the deviation. The computer obtains deviation values (Deltax, deltay) according to the received signals, when the deviation exists, data which are needed to be adjusted by the incident rod (5) and the projection rod (7) are calculated, the corresponding CCD imaging device support (9), the photometry channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometry channel support b (12) are adjusted according to the adjustment data, the laser instrument (3) is started again to record and image the laser beam, the signals are transmitted to the computer for verification, and then the deviation correction program is carried out.
The invention has the following advantages:
a) Compared with the traditional device, the device does not need to perform pre-collision experiments for many times, greatly saves time and energy, and improves measurement efficiency.
B) The device only needs one laser instrument and one CCD imaging device, reduces the required measuring element during measurement, reduces the cost of the device, simultaneously, the device also has the characteristics of quick measurement and accurate data acquisition, and overcomes the defect of subjective error in the traditional device.
C) When the device is used for measuring and calibrating the axis centering problem, the adjustment of the measuring precision can be realized, the application range is wider, and the effective measurement can be realized for some environments needing to adjust the measuring precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a novel device for calibrating the inclination of a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a photometric channel according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a measurement view of a CCD imaging device
In the figure, 1-striking rod, 2-striking rod support, 3-laser instrument, 4-photometry channel, 4.1-photometry pipe A, 4.2-photometry pipe B, 5-incident rod, 6-test piece, 7-projection rod, 8-CCD imaging device, 9-CCD imaging device support, 10-photometry channel support a, 11-ordinary support and 12-photometry channel support B, 13-first support, 14-second support, 15-butterfly bolt, 16-horizontal adjustment seat, 17-rod mount, 18-adjusting bolt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a new device for calibrating the inclination of a hopkinson pressure shaft is provided, and the device is implemented by the following steps:
T1: performing measurement pre-calibration; after the Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device is installed, preliminary pre-leveling is carried out on an incident bar (5) and a projection bar (7), and an adjusting bolt (18) and a butterfly bolt (15) of a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometry channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometry channel support b (12) are adjusted, so that inclination deviation of the incident bar (5) and the projection bar (7) is reduced, and laser beams emitted by a laser instrument (3) can be smoothly emitted into a photometry channel (4) and imaged on a CCD imaging device (8);
the general support (11) of the new device for calibrating the inclination of the Hopkinson pressure bar shaft is shown in figure 2, and the rest of the supports are also made on the basis of the supports. The second support (14) of the device is arranged on the first support (13), the position of the second support (14) in the vertical direction can be adjusted by using an adjusting bolt (18) in the first support (13), the horizontal adjusting seat (16) is arranged at the top of the second support (14), two butterfly bolts (15) are respectively arranged at two sides and used for adjusting the position of the horizontal adjusting seat (16) in the horizontal direction, the rod piece mounting seat (17) is arranged at the top of the horizontal adjusting seat (16) through a fixing screw, and the position and the inclination of the Hopkinson pressure bar can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting bolt (18) and the butterfly bolts (15) after the Hopkinson pressure bar is arranged on the rod piece mounting seat (17);
the photometry channel (4) is shown in fig. 3, the structure is composed of a photometry pipe A (4.1) and a photometry pipe B (4.2), the outer wall of the photometry pipe A (4.1) and the inner wall of the photometry pipe B (4.2) are threaded, the assembly can be realized by threaded connection, and the precision adjustment can be realized by adjusting the length of the photometry channel by threads during measurement. A small hole is formed on one side of the light measuring tube A (4.1), and a small circle with the radius r is formed on one side of the light measuring tube B (4.2) so as to realize the injection and the ejection of laser;
T2: acquiring measurement data; the length of the two photometry channels (4) is adjusted according to the measurement precision, after the laser instrument (3) is started, a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument (3) is emitted from a small round hole formed in the photometry channel (4) after being emitted into the first photometry channel (4), then is emitted into a second photometry channel (4) and is imaged on the CCD imaging device (8) after being emitted from the small round hole of the channel, the CCD imaging device (8) records the imaging position and acquires an image signal, and after the acquired image signal is converted into a data signal, the data signal is transmitted to the computer and is compared with a predefined imaging origin;
CCD imaging device measurement As shown in FIG. 4, CCD imaging device is an electro-optical device widely used today, which can accurately measure the position of a laser spot and transmit it to a computer. In the figure, when the imaging point deviates from the reference point, the CCD imaging device converts an image signal into a digital signal, and the digital signal is transmitted back to the computer to calculate a deviation value (delta x, delta y), and then the deviation value is combined with known data to calculate, so as to obtain adjustment data corresponding to the Hopkinson pressure bar support and output the adjustment data to the display;
t3: calculating and adjusting deviation; the computer obtains the actual deviation according to the received signals, calculates the data which need to be adjusted respectively for the incident rod (5) and the projection rod (7) according to the deviation, adjusts the corresponding CCD imaging device support (9), the photometry channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometry channel support b (12) according to the adjustment data, starts the laser instrument (3) again to record and image the laser beam at the time, and verifies whether the adjustment meets the requirement after transmitting the signals to the computer.
Claims (2)
1. A novel device for calibrating the inclination of a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft is characterized in that: the device consists of a transmitting part, an experimental part and a measuring part;
The first part is a transmitting part comprising a striking rod (1) and a striking rod support (2); a hole is formed in the striking rod support (2) and can be used for installing the striking rod (1), and the striking rod support (2) is fixed on a Hopkinson experiment device table; during experiments, the air pressure device generates air pressure to push the striking rod;
The second part is an experimental part and comprises an incidence rod (5), a projection rod (7), a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometry channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometry channel support b (12); wherein, the CCD imaging device support (9), the photometry channel support a (10) and the photometry channel support b (12) are formed by refitting a common support (11), and the top of the support is provided with a corresponding device at a mounting position; the common support comprises a first support (13), a second support (14), a butterfly bolt (15), a horizontal adjusting seat (16), a rod piece mounting seat (17), an adjusting bolt (18) and a plurality of fixing screws; the first support (13) is taken as a reference, a dovetail groove is formed in the inner side of the second support (14) and is matched with a related structure of the first support (13) to form a guide rail, the guide rail is arranged on the first support (13) through a set screw, meanwhile, the through hole of the second support (14) is slightly larger than a bolt, and the height of the second support (14) can be adjusted through an adjusting bolt (18) on the first support (13); the horizontal adjusting seat (16) is matched with the top of the second support (14) through a dovetail groove to form a guide rail, and the horizontal position of the device is adjusted through butterfly bolts (15) on two sides; the four supports are arranged on the Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device, the common support (11) and the photometry channel support b (12) are used for installing an incident bar (5), and the photometry channel support a (10) and the CCD imaging device support (9) are used for installing a projection bar (7); the structure of the adjusting bolt (18) and the butterfly bolt (15) has a self-locking function, so that the CCD imaging device support (9), the photometry channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometry channel support b (12) are fixed at the adjusting position after being adjusted, and scale marks are arranged on the adjusting bolt and the butterfly bolt, so that the position of the pressure lever can be accurately adjusted by the obtained adjusting data;
The third part is a measuring part and comprises a laser instrument (3), a photometry channel (4) and a CCD imaging device (8); wherein, the laser instrument (3) is arranged on the striking rod support (2); the photometry channel (4) is composed of a photometry pipe A (4.1) and a photometry pipe B (4.2) through threads, the length of the photometry channel (4) can be changed through adjusting the threads, scales are marked on the photometry channel, the total length of a structure can be read, and the structure is arranged on a rod piece mounting seat (17) and is arranged on a photometry channel support a (10) and a photometry channel support B (12); the CCD imaging device is arranged on the rod piece mounting seat (17) and is fixed on the CCD imaging device support (9).
2. The new inclination calibration device of hopkinson pressure shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: a laser instrument (3) is arranged on an impact rod support (2), a designed photometry channel (4) is arranged on an incidence rod (5) and projection rod (7) mounting support, the supports of the incidence rod (5) and the projection rod (7) are adjusted to enable laser beams emitted by the laser instrument (3) to pass through the two photometry channels (4) and then image a CCD imaging device (8) arranged on the support at the tail end, and the positions of a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometry channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometry channel support b (12) are accurately adjusted after the actual deviation of two shafts is calculated according to the data read by the CCD imaging device (8); the designed photometry channel (4) is formed by assembling two cylindrical pipelines through threads, the radius of the end of the CCD imaging device (8) is r, the circle center of the CCD imaging device is a horizontal corresponding point of a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument (3), and the length of the cylindrical pipelines can be automatically adjusted and changed through threads, so that the length of the photometry channel (4) can be changed through adjusting the threads, and the adjustment and measurement of the precision can be realized; the CCD imaging device (8) is an electro-optical device which is widely used nowadays, can accurately measure the position of a laser point and transmits the position to a computer;
The implementation of the process specifically comprises the following steps:
A first step is a measurement pre-calibration; after the Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device is installed, preliminary pre-leveling is carried out on an incident bar (5) and a projection bar (7), and an adjusting bolt (18) and a butterfly bolt (15) of a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometry channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometry channel support b (12) are adjusted, so that inclination deviation of the incident bar (5) and the projection bar (7) is reduced, and laser beams emitted by a laser instrument (3) can be smoothly emitted into a photometry channel (4) and imaged on a CCD imaging device (8);
The second step is to obtain measurement data; the length of the two photometry channels (4) is adjusted according to measurement precision, after the laser instrument (3) is started, a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument (3) is emitted from a small round hole formed in the photometry channel (4) after being emitted into the first photometry channel (4), then is emitted into a second photometry channel (4) and is imaged on the CCD imaging device (8) after being emitted from the small round hole of the channel, the CCD imaging device (8) records the imaging position and acquires data, the acquired data is converted into signals, and the signals are transmitted to the computer and are compared with a predefined imaging origin;
The third step is to calculate and adjust the deviation; the computer obtains whether deviation exists according to the received signals, when the deviation exists, data of the incident rod (5) and the projection rod (7) which are required to be adjusted respectively are calculated, the corresponding CCD imaging device support (9), the photometry channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometry channel support b (12) are adjusted according to the adjustment data, the laser instrument (3) is started again to record and image the laser beam at the time, and whether the adjustment meets the requirement is verified after the signals are transmitted to the computer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210366051.0A CN114659924B (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Novel inclination calibration device for Hopkinson pressure bar shaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210366051.0A CN114659924B (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Novel inclination calibration device for Hopkinson pressure bar shaft |
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| CN114659924B true CN114659924B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105486289A (en) * | 2016-01-31 | 2016-04-13 | 山东科技大学 | Laser photography measuring system and camera calibration method |
| CN110501218A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 天津大学 | For measuring the Hopkinson pressure bar system of strain rate constitutive relation in ultra-soft material |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2864734T3 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-10-14 | Aciturri Eng S L U | Hard point alignment procedure in aeronautical structures |
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- 2022-04-08 CN CN202210366051.0A patent/CN114659924B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105486289A (en) * | 2016-01-31 | 2016-04-13 | 山东科技大学 | Laser photography measuring system and camera calibration method |
| CN110501218A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 天津大学 | For measuring the Hopkinson pressure bar system of strain rate constitutive relation in ultra-soft material |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Numerical assessment of the rate-dependent cracking behaviours of single-flawed rocks in split Hopkinson pressure bar tests;Zelin Yan;Engineering Fracture Mechanics;20210415;247(0);全文 * |
| 基于机器视觉的轴类零件定位与测量系统;粟序明 等;机械设计与制造;20200708(第7期);全文 * |
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