CN114659924A - Novel tilt calibration device for Hopkinson pressure bar shaft - Google Patents
Novel tilt calibration device for Hopkinson pressure bar shaft Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a new installation is markd in slope of hopkinson pressure lever axle, the device is at laser instrument of impact bar support mounting, the photometry passageway of a design of installation on incident pole and the profection bar support, the support of adjusting incident pole and profection bar makes the laser beam of laser instrument transmission image on the CCD image device of installation on the end support after two photometry passageways, according to the data that CCD image device read, calculate the position of accurate regulation each support behind the deviation that the diaxon actually exists. The designed photometric channel is formed by assembling two cylindrical pipelines through threads, and the length of the photometric channel can be changed by adjusting the threads to realize accurate calibration. The method can measure and solve the problem of the inclination angle existing in shaft centering under different precision requirements, can quickly calculate the inclination angle of the shaft by only measuring the coordinate of the laser imaging position, has simple steps and is easy to realize actual operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a novel tilt calibration device for a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft, belongs to the field of dynamic mechanical property testing of materials, and is particularly suitable for adjusting a shaft centering tilt angle of the Hopkinson pressure bar testing device.
Background
In the actual application of engineering, various parts have the installation accuracy requirement when the assembly, if many shaft parts can require to have good centering nature, guarantee that the central line of shaft part is located same straight line. If such a part does not meet such requirements, the vibration of the machine may be increased, the wear may be accelerated, and even equipment failure may occur. Therefore, in practical engineering applications, it is necessary to adjust the shaft parts to meet the centering requirements. The Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device is an experimental device for testing the mechanical behavior and the microstructure response of various materials under the condition of dynamic loading and high strain rate deformation. The experimental device can be divided into a mechanical part and a measuring part, wherein the mechanical part comprises an emitting device, a striking rod, an incident rod, a projecting rod, an energy absorber and the like, the measuring part comprises a dynamic strain gauge, a digital oscilloscope, an infrared velocimeter, a data processing system and the like, and in addition, strain gauges are respectively attached to the middles of the incident rod and the projecting rod and are connected with the oscilloscope. During the experiment, emitter drive striking rod collides with the incident pole, and the stress wave that the incident pole will produce passes through the test piece and propagates to the projection pole, and the signal of incident wave, back wave and transmission wave is noted to the foil gage, transmits waveform memory through dynamic strain gauge, finally saves the computer and carries out data processing. In this process, in order to ensure the accuracy of experimental data, avoid producing great error or mistake, meanwhile, improve depression bar terminal surface atress situation, avoid stress concentration and lead to the terminal surface to damage, need guarantee that each depression bar of hopkinson depression bar experimental apparatus is in same straight line all the time when the experiment.
The inclination of the pressure lever of the Hopkinson pressure lever experimental device is adjusted in the prior stage mainly by adjusting the height of each support by manually observing and using a spanner and the like before the experiment, and then finely adjusting the pressure lever according to impact data to ensure that each pressure lever is in the same straight line by carrying out multiple times of pre-impact experiments. The device has complex process and long time consumption, and the adjusted result has large human error and difficult guarantee on the centering property. The invention discloses a novel tilt calibration device for a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft, which can overcome the defects of complex steps and long time consumption of the conventional device, does not need to add a large amount of measuring instruments and other equipment, has simple steps and low cost, and can realize calibration and adjustment according to the given shaft tilt precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a novel tilt calibration device for a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft, which overcomes the defect of the existing Hopkinson pressure bar device in centering.
The basic idea of the improvement of the invention is as follows: the laser instrument is installed at the striking rod support, installs the photometry passageway of a design on the incident rod and the projecting rod erection support, and the laser beam that the laser instrument was launched is imaged in the CCD image device who installs on the support of end after through two photometry passageways, according to the data that CCD image device read, realizes the accurate regulation of each support position after calculating the deviation that the diaxon actually exists. Wherein, the photometry passageway of design is formed through the screw assembly for two cylindrical pipelines, and the one end that is close to CCD image device has a radius to be r, and its centre of a circle is the horizontal corresponding point of laser instrument end transmission laser beam, and cylindrical pipeline screw thread can change length by autonomic regulation, therefore the accessible adjustment screw thread changes the length of photometry passageway, realizes the regulation measurement of precision. The CCD imaging device is an electro-optical device widely used nowadays, which can precisely measure the position of a laser spot and transmit it to a computer.
In order to realize the inclined calibration of the Hopkinson pressure bar shaft, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a novel device for calibrating the inclination of a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft comprises an emission component, an experiment component and a measurement component.
The first part is a launch member comprising a striker rod (1) and a striker rod support (2). The impact rod support (2) is provided with a hole for installing the impact rod (1), and the impact rod support (2) is fixed on a Hopkinson experimental device bench. During the experiment, the air pressure device generates air pressure to push the impact rod (1).
The second part is an experimental component and comprises an incident rod (5), a projection rod (7), a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometric channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometric channel support b (12). The CCD imaging device comprises a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometry channel support a (10) and a photometry channel support b (12), wherein the CCD imaging device support, the photometry channel support a (10) and the photometry channel support b (12) are formed by modifying a common support (11), and installation positions are reserved at the tops of the CCD imaging device support and are provided with corresponding devices. The common support (11) comprises a first support (13), a second support (14), a butterfly bolt (15), a horizontal adjusting seat (16), a rod piece mounting seat (17), an adjusting bolt (18) and a plurality of fixing screws; the first support (13) is taken as a reference, a dovetail groove is formed in the inner side of the second support (14) and is matched with a related structure of the first support (13) to form a guide rail, the guide rail is arranged on the first support (13) through a positioning screw, and meanwhile, a through hole of the second support (14) is slightly larger than a bolt, so that the height of the second support (14) can be adjusted through an adjusting bolt (18) on the first support (13); the horizontal adjusting seat (16) is matched with the top of the second support (14) through a dovetail groove to form a guide rail, and the horizontal position of the device is adjusted through butterfly bolts (15) on two sides. The four supports are arranged on a Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device, an ordinary support (11) and a photometric channel b 12 are used for installing an incident rod (5), and a photometric channel support a (10) and a CCD imaging device support (9) are used for installing a projection rod (7). The adjusting bolt (18) and the butterfly bolt (15) have self-locking functions, the CCD imaging device support (9), the photometric channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometric channel support b (12) are fixed at an adjusting position after being adjusted, and the two supports are provided with scale marks, so that the position of the pressing rod can be accurately adjusted by obtaining adjusting data.
The third part is a measuring component which comprises a laser (3), a photometric channel (4) and a CCD imaging device (8). Wherein, the laser instrument (3) is arranged on the impact rod support (2). The light measuring channel (4) is composed of a light measuring tube A (4.1) and a light measuring tube B (4.2) through threads, the length of the light measuring channel (4) can be changed by adjusting the threads, scales are marked on the light measuring channel (4), the length of the light measuring channel (4) can be read, and the structure is installed on the rod piece installation seat (17) and installed on a light measuring channel support a (10) and a light measuring channel support B (12). The CCD imaging device (8) is arranged on the rod piece mounting seat (17) and is fixed on the CCD imaging device support (9).
The measurement principle of the invention is as follows:
the first step is to perform measurement pre-calibration. To incident pole (5) after installing split Hopkinson pressure bar experimental apparatus, throw 7 poles and carry out preliminary pre-leveling, adjustment CCD image device support (9), photometry passageway support a (10), adjusting bolt (18) and butterfly bolt (15) of ordinary support (11) and photometry passageway support b (12), reduce incident pole (5), the slope deviation of projection pole (7), and ensure that the laser beam of laser appearance (3) transmission can inject into photometry passageway (4) smoothly and form an image in CCD image device (8).
The second step is to acquire measurement data. The length of the two light measuring channels (4) is adjusted according to the measurement accuracy, after the laser instrument (3) is started, laser beams are emitted into the first light measuring channel (4) and then emitted out from a small round hole formed in the light measuring channel (4), then emitted into the second light measuring channel (4) and emitted out from the small round hole of the channel to be imaged on the CCD imaging device (8), the CCD imaging device (8) records an imaging position and acquires data, the acquired data are converted into signals, and the signals are transmitted to a computer and compared with a predefined imaging original point.
The third step is to calculate and correct the offset. The computer obtains deviation values (delta x, delta y) according to the received signals, when deviation exists, data which need to be adjusted are calculated for the injection rod (5) and the projection rod (7), corresponding CCD imaging device supports (9), light measuring channel supports a (10), common supports (11) and light measuring channel supports b (12) are adjusted according to the adjustment data, the laser instrument (3) is started again to record the laser beam imaging points, the signals are transmitted to the computer for checking, and then deviation correction is carried out.
The invention has the following advantages:
a) the step of measurement and calibration has greatly been simplified to this device, compares with traditional device, and this device need not to carry out collision experiment in advance many times, very big saving time and energy, improved measurement of efficiency.
b) The device only needs one laser instrument and one CCD imaging device, reduces measuring elements required during measurement, reduces the cost of the device, simultaneously, the device also has the characteristics of quick measurement and accurate data acquisition, and overcomes the defect of subjective error existing in the traditional device.
c) This device can realize the regulation to measurement accuracy when measuring with calibration axle centering problem, and its application scope is wider, can realize effectively measuring to some environment that need adjust measurement accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a novel device for calibrating the inclination of a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft
FIG. 2 is a view of a stand according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a light measuring channel according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a measurement diagram of a CCD imaging device
In the figure, 1-impact bar, 2-impact bar support, 3-laser, 4.1-light measuring tube A, 4.2-light measuring tube B, 5-incident bar, 6-test piece, 7-projection bar, 8-CCD imaging device, 9-CCD imaging device support, 10-light measuring channel support a, 11-common support and 12-light measuring channel support B, 13-first support, 14-second support, 15-butterfly bolt, 16-horizontal adjusting seat, 17-rod piece mounting seat, 18-adjusting bolt.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a new tilt calibration device for a hopkinson pressure rod shaft, which comprises the following steps:
t1: carrying out measurement pre-calibration; after the Hopkinson pressure bar experiment device is installed, the incident rod (5) and the projection rod (7) are preliminarily pre-leveled, adjusting bolts (18) and butterfly bolts (15) of a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometric channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometric channel support b (12) are adjusted, so that the inclination deviation of the incident rod (5) and the projection rod (7) is reduced, and laser beams emitted by a laser instrument (3) can be smoothly shot into the photometric channel (4) and imaged on the CCD imaging device (8);
a common support (11) of the novel Hopkinson pressure bar shaft inclination calibration device is shown in figure 2, and the rest supports are also manufactured by taking the support as a base. A second support (14) of the device is arranged on a first support (13), the position of the second support (14) in the vertical direction can be adjusted by using an adjusting bolt (18) in the first support (13), a horizontal adjusting seat (16) is arranged at the top of the second support (14), two butterfly bolts (15) are arranged on two sides of the horizontal adjusting seat (16) respectively and used for adjusting the position of the horizontal adjusting seat (16) in the horizontal direction, a rod piece mounting seat (17) is arranged at the top of the horizontal adjusting seat (16) through a fixing screw, and after a Hopkinson pressure bar is arranged on the rod piece mounting seat (17), the position and the gradient of the Hopkinson pressure bar can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting bolt (18) and the butterfly bolts (15);
photometry passageway (4) is shown in fig. 3, and this structure comprises photometry pipe A (4.1) and photometry pipe B (4.2), and photometry pipe A (4.1) outer wall and photometry pipe B (4.2) inner wall have the screw thread, can realize the equipment with threaded connection, can realize the precision through the thread adjustment photometry passageway length during the measurement and adjust. One side of the light measuring tube A (4.1) is provided with a small hole, and one side of the light measuring tube B (4.2) is provided with a small circle with the radius r, so that the incidence and the emission of laser can be realized;
t2: acquiring measurement data; the length of two photometric channels (4) is adjusted according to the measurement accuracy, after a laser instrument (3) is started, a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument (3) is emitted into a first photometric channel (4) and then emitted out from a small round hole formed in the photometric channel (4), then is emitted into a second photometric channel (4) and emitted out from a small round hole of the channel to be imaged on a CCD imaging device (8), the CCD imaging device (8) records an imaging position and acquires an image signal, and after converting the acquired image signal into a data signal, the data signal is transmitted to a computer and is compared with a predefined imaging origin;
the CCD imaging device is an electro-optical device widely used nowadays, and can precisely measure the position of a laser spot and transmit the measured position to a computer, as shown in fig. 4. In the figure, when the imaging point is deviated from the reference point, the CCD imaging device converts the image signal into a digital signal, and after the digital signal is transmitted back to the computer, the deviation value (delta x, delta y) is calculated and then is combined with the known data for calculation, and the adjustment data corresponding to the Hopkinson pressure bar support is obtained and output to the display;
t3: calculating and adjusting the deviation; the computer obtains the actual existing deviation according to the received signals, calculates the data of the incident rod (5) and the projection rod (7) which need to be adjusted respectively according to the deviation, adjusts the corresponding CCD imaging device support (9), the photometric channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometric channel support b (12) according to the adjustment data, starts the laser instrument (3) again to record and detect the laser beam imaging point, transmits the signals to the computer, and then verifies whether the adjustment meets the requirements.
Claims (2)
1. A novel tilt calibration device for a Hopkinson pressure bar shaft is characterized in that: the device consists of three parts, namely an emitting part, an experimental part and a measuring part;
the first part is a launching part and comprises a striking rod (1) and a striking rod support (2); the impact rod support (2) is provided with a hole for mounting the impact rod (1), and the impact rod support (2) is fixed on a Hopkinson experimental device table; during the experiment, the air pressure device generates air pressure to push the impact rod;
the second part is an experimental component which comprises an incident rod (5), a projection rod (7), a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometric channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometric channel support b (12); the CCD imaging device comprises a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometry channel support a (10) and a photometry channel support b (12), wherein the CCD imaging device support, the photometry channel support a (10) and the photometry channel support b (12) are formed by modifying a common support (11), and corresponding devices are installed at installation positions reserved on the tops of the CCD imaging device support; the common support comprises a first support (13), a second support (14), a butterfly bolt (15), a horizontal adjusting seat (16), a rod piece mounting seat (17), an adjusting bolt (18) and a plurality of fixing screws; the first support (13) is taken as a reference, a dovetail groove is formed in the inner side of the second support (14) and is matched with a related structure of the first support (13) to form a guide rail, the guide rail is arranged on the first support (13) through a positioning screw, and meanwhile, a through hole of the second support (14) is slightly larger than a bolt, so that the height of the second support (14) can be adjusted through an adjusting bolt (18) on the first support (13); the horizontal adjusting seat (16) is matched with the top of the second support (14) through a dovetail groove to form a guide rail, and the horizontal position of the device is adjusted through butterfly bolts (15) on two sides; the four supports are arranged on a Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device, a common support (11) and a photometric channel b (12) are used for installing an incident bar (5), and a photometric channel support a (10) and a CCD imaging device support (9) are used for installing a projection bar (7); the adjusting bolt (18) and the butterfly bolt (15) have self-locking functions, so that the CCD imaging device support (9), the photometric channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometric channel support b (12) are fixed at adjusting positions after being adjusted, and are provided with scale marks, and the positions of the compression bars can be accurately adjusted according to obtained adjusting data;
the third part is a measuring component which comprises a laser (3), a photometric channel (4) and a CCD imaging device (8); wherein, the laser instrument (3) is arranged on the impact rod support (2). The light measuring channel (4) consists of a light measuring tube A (41) and a light measuring tube B (42) through threads, the length of the light measuring channel (4) can be changed through adjusting the threads, scales are marked on the light measuring channel, the total length of a structure can be read, and the structure is installed on the rod piece installation seat (17) and is installed on a light measuring channel support a (10) and a light measuring channel support B (12); the CCD imaging device is arranged on the rod piece mounting seat (17) and is fixed on the CCD imaging device support (9).
2. The novel tilt calibration device for a hopkinson pressure rod shaft according to claim 1, wherein: the laser instrument (3) is installed on the impact bar support (2), the designed photometric channel (4) is installed on the incident bar (5) and projection bar (7) installation supports, the supports of the incident bar (5) and the projection bar (7) are adjusted to enable laser beams emitted by the laser instrument (3) to pass through the two photometric channels (4) and then to be imaged on the CCD imaging device (8) installed on the support at the tail end, and according to data read by the CCD imaging device (8), the positions of the CCD imaging device support (9), the photometric channel support a (10), the common support (11) and the photometric channel support b (12) are accurately adjusted after the actual deviation of two axes is calculated; the designed photometric channel (4) is formed by assembling two cylindrical pipelines through threads, the end of a CCD imaging device (8) is provided with a horizontal corresponding point with the radius of r and the circle center of the horizontal corresponding point is used for emitting laser beams by the end of a laser instrument (3), and the threads of the cylindrical pipelines can be adjusted independently to change the length, so that the length of the photometric channel (4) can be changed by adjusting the threads, and the adjustment and measurement of precision are realized; the CCD imaging device (8) is an electro-optical device widely used nowadays, and can accurately measure the position of a laser point and transmit the position to a computer;
the implementation of the process specifically comprises:
firstly, measurement pre-calibration is carried out; after a Hopkinson pressure bar experiment device is installed, preliminary pre-leveling is carried out on an incident bar (5) and a projection bar (7), adjusting bolts (18) and butterfly bolts (15) of a CCD imaging device support (9), a photometric channel support a (10), a common support (11) and a photometric channel support b (12) are adjusted, so that the inclination deviation of the incident bar (5) and the projection bar (7) is reduced, and laser beams emitted by a laser instrument (3) can be smoothly shot into a photometric channel (4) and imaged on a CCD imaging device (8);
the second step is to obtain the measured data; the length of two photometric channels (4) is adjusted according to the measurement accuracy, after the laser instrument (3) is started, laser beams emitted by the laser instrument (3) are emitted into the first photometric channel (4) and then emitted from a small circular hole formed in the photometric channel (4), then emitted into the second photometric channel (4) and emitted from the small circular hole of the channel to be imaged on a CCD imaging device (8), the CCD imaging device (8) records an imaging position and acquires data, the acquired data are converted into signals, and the signals are transmitted to a computer and compared with a predefined imaging origin;
the third step is to calculate and adjust the deviation; the computer obtains whether there is the deviation according to the signal that receives, calculates the data that entry pole (5), profection pole (7) need the adjustment separately when there is the deviation, according to adjusting data adjustment corresponding CCD image device support (9), photometry passageway support a (10), ordinary support (11) and photometry passageway support b (12), opens laser instrument (3) record again and this laser beam imaging point, checks whether this time of regulation satisfies the requirement after transmitting the signal to the computer.
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| CN202210366051.0A CN114659924B (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Novel inclination calibration device for Hopkinson pressure bar shaft |
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| CN202210366051.0A CN114659924B (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Novel inclination calibration device for Hopkinson pressure bar shaft |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105486289A (en) * | 2016-01-31 | 2016-04-13 | 山东科技大学 | Laser photography measuring system and camera calibration method |
| CN110501218A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 天津大学 | For measuring the Hopkinson pressure bar system of strain rate constitutive relation in ultra-soft material |
| US20200130114A1 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-04-30 | Aciturri Engineering S.L.U. | Method of aligning hardpoints in aeronautical structures |
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2022
- 2022-04-08 CN CN202210366051.0A patent/CN114659924B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105486289A (en) * | 2016-01-31 | 2016-04-13 | 山东科技大学 | Laser photography measuring system and camera calibration method |
| US20200130114A1 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-04-30 | Aciturri Engineering S.L.U. | Method of aligning hardpoints in aeronautical structures |
| CN110501218A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 天津大学 | For measuring the Hopkinson pressure bar system of strain rate constitutive relation in ultra-soft material |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ZELIN YAN: "Numerical assessment of the rate-dependent cracking behaviours of single-flawed rocks in split Hopkinson pressure bar tests", ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS, vol. 247, no. 0, 15 April 2021 (2021-04-15) * |
| 粟序明 等: "基于机器视觉的轴类零件定位与测量系统", 机械设计与制造, no. 7, 8 July 2020 (2020-07-08) * |
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