CN114658397A - Oil gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil-gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator, which comprises a directional protection pipe, a perforation butt joint mechanism, a hole site protection mechanism and a traction mechanism, wherein the perforation butt joint mechanism comprises a fan-shaped pressurizing pad, a guide arc rail movably arranged in the pressurizing pad, and a first arc rod and a second arc rod movably connected to the inner cavity of the guide arc rail. Through the impact of the ability that produces in the twinkling of an eye of warhead blasting in the perforator to gathering the inboard spout of ability crown plate, at this moment, gather the ability crown plate and can outwards impel the stalk along the inboard of drainage tube, promote ring pad and core pad effect at the stalk after that, receive the spacing of leading to guide arm and montant and pull, a plurality of bafflers that are the annular distribution can carry out vertical distribution towards the inner chamber of drainage tube, thereby can make the device can the hole on the adaptation oil gas wall of a well effectively dock, and then avoid making the outside gravel of belt layer or the garrulous rock to block up the flow of normal oil gas against the current.

Description

Oil gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well perforators, in particular to an oil and gas well casing slotting and net-making perforator.

Background

A perforator is an operation that a special energy-gathering device enters a preset position of an oil-gas well hole to perform explosion and hole opening to enable fluid in underground formations to enter the hole, and is generally applied to oil-gas fields and coal fields and sometimes applied to exploitation of water sources.

The perforator is stretched to a specified position and detonated, the produced blasting force can produce outward impact force on the belt building layer, the density of rock or soil outside the belt building layer is different due to different regions and environments, gravel or broken rocks can easily flow backwards when the soil conveyed outside the belt building layer is impacted by the blasting force, and meanwhile, once the direct blasting force produced by blasting causes cracks near a borehole wall hole, the borehole wall is washed for a long time by liquid, and irregular collapse can occur on the borehole.

According to the above, after perforation is carried out on a preset position in an oil and gas well, how to improve perforation protection on holes of the oil and gas well wall is the technical difficulty to be solved by the invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving one of the technical problems of the prior art or the related art.

Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides an oil gas well casing cracks net making perforator, includes directional protective tube, perforation docking mechanism, hole site protection machanism and drive mechanism, perforation docking mechanism is including the pressure boost pad spare that is fan-shaped state, movably install at the inside guide arc rail of pressure boost pad spare, first arc pole and the second arc pole of swing joint at guide arc rail inner chamber, run through to the haulage rope inside first arc pole or second arc pole and swing joint at the propulsion end of haulage rope outer end, hole site protection machanism is including installing the drainage tube in the pressure boost pad spare outside, set up the inside deflection groove of drainage tube, swing joint is at the core pad of deflection inslot inboard, is located the sand control subassembly of drainage tube, sand control subassembly is including installing the inside inner tube of drainage tube, swing joint is at the inside elastic rod of inner tube, install the ring pad in the elastic rod outer end, connect the book pole inboard at the ring pad, Install montant, swing joint on the montant in the folding rod outside guide arm, install the baffler in the montant outer end and connect the energy gathering ring plate in folding rod outside bottom, drive mechanism puts the end and installs the end of putting in the bottom of pressure boost backing member including connecting at pressure boost backing member top.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the inboard middle part of pressure boost pad has seted up horizontal hole, the top surface and the bottom of pressure boost pad have seted up symmetric distribution's perpendicular hole respectively, and the inside both ends of pressure boost pad have seted up curved slide.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize to set up the arc slide at the inside both ends of pressure boost bedding piece, combine the adaptation between arc slide and two guide arc rails, can realize guiding the arc rail to two adjacent outside extensions of pressure boost bedding pieces in the twinkling of an eye when the outside extension spring of first arc pole and second arc pole releases.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: arc-shaped annular holes are formed in two ends of an inner cavity of the guide arc rail, and the outer end of the guide arc rail is matched and penetrates into an arc-shaped slide way inside the pressurizing cushion piece.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when first arc pole and the outside extension spring of second arc pole were in the state of tightening up, two adjacent pressure boost pad pieces can contract to minimum state, and the outside elasticity potential energy that produces in the twinkling of an eye of when the outside extension spring release of first arc pole and second arc pole can make the outer end of first arc pole and second arc pole carry out outwards extension along guiding the arc rail inner chamber to can make two adjacent guiding arc rails expand outside the well wall perforation.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: inside sunken annular groove has all been seted up to the outside of first arc pole and second arc pole, and the annular groove in-connection of first arc pole and the outside of second arc pole has the extension spring, two through-holes have been seted up to the inside of first arc pole and second arc pole outermost end.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize to set up two through-holes in the inside of first arc pole and second arc pole outer end to utilize the through-hole of first arc pole and second arc pole inside to pull the spacing of haulage rope, thereby can make things convenient for the device to receive the bullet blasting can carry out synchronous drive in the twinkling of an eye.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: an oval concave hole is formed in the propelling end, and the oval concave hole in the propelling end is matched with a vertical shaft at the top end of the propelling end.

By adopting the technical scheme, the inner part of the propelling end is provided with the oval concave hole, and the oval concave hole is used for guiding the vertical shaft at the top end of the traction rope, so that the traction rope can be released to the external tension spring of the first arc rod or the second arc rod at the moment when the inner end of the propelling end lifts outwards.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the inner side of the drainage tube is provided with rectangular slotted holes which are uniformly distributed, the rectangular slotted holes on the inner side of the drainage tube are matched with the bottom end of the guide rod, and in addition, the outer end of the core pad is provided with an elliptical annular rubber gasket.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize and set up inside sunken recess in the inside of drainage tube to combine the inside recess of drainage tube to the inner adaptation restraint of core pad, the notch of seting up simultaneously in the core pad outside is fixed a position the inner adaptation of propulsion end, thereby can make the device expand to carry out effective laminating to the wall of a well after the maximum state.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the outer connection of elastic rod has the spring, and the bottom of the outer spring of elastic rod is connected on the inner tube, in addition, the cross bore has been seted up to the bottom of montant, and the cross bore adaptation of montant bottom in the cross axle that leads to the guide arm top.

By adopting the technical scheme, the outward pressurization of the ring pad and the core pad is realized by utilizing the outward pushing force generated by the plurality of annularly distributed inner cylinders and the elastic rods, so that the mechanism can effectively compress and position the periphery of the well wall perforation.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, as the impact force generated after the bullet head in the perforator explodes can impact the well wall of the oil-gas well in different degrees, and the hole on the well wall can generate cracks in different degrees under the influence of the direct blasting force, the impact of energy accumulation generated at one moment in the bullet head explosion in the perforator on the chute on the inner side of the energy accumulation annular plate can be realized, at the moment, the energy accumulation annular plate can push the folding rod outwards along the inner side of the drainage tube, and then under the action of the folding rod pushing the annular pad and the core pad, the baffle plates in annular distribution can be vertically distributed towards the inner cavity of the drainage tube under the limiting traction of the guide rod and the vertical rod, so that the device can be adapted to the hole on the well wall of the oil-gas well for effective butt joint, and further, the situation that the gravel or crushed rocks outside the belt layer are blocked from flowing of normal oil gas in a reverse flow manner is avoided.

2. According to the invention, in the process that the folding rod extends outwards, along with the core pad which extends synchronously and the notch formed in the outer side of the core pad pushing the inner end of the propelling end outwards, the traction rope movably connected in the elliptical notch in the propelling end can release the spring outside the first arc rod at the moment, and the potential energy of the spring on the first arc rod and the second arc rod is reduced, the guide arc rail positioned outside the first arc rod and the second arc rod can pressurize and attach two adjacent pressurizing cushion pieces along the inner side of the well wall, and the plurality of pressurizing cushion pieces which are distributed annularly can be matched and attached to the well wall perforation by combining the drainage tube and the core pad, so that the safety protection of the well wall perforation by the device can be ensured, and the impact of gravel or crushed rocks outside a belt layer on the well wall on the perforation cracks can be avoided.

3. In the invention, according to the above description, in order to facilitate the continuous lateral movement of the perforator beyond the perforated part, the top surface and the bottom surface of the pressurizing pad are provided with the vertical holes which are symmetrically distributed, the top end and the bottom end which are provided with the inclined slopes are connected in the vertical holes, and the lateral movement of the perforator is guided by the slopes on the inner sides of the top end and the bottom end, so that the stable transportation of the perforator along the inner cavity of the oil and gas well can be facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mechanism of FIG. 3 in a decentralized configuration;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal dispersion of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the dispersion of FIG. 5 and a partial cross-section thereof;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the partial dispersion of FIG. 6 and a cross-section thereof;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the dispersion of fig. 7.

Reference numerals are as follows:

100. a directional protection tube;

200. a perforation docking mechanism; 210. a booster pad; 220. guiding the arc rail; 230. a first arc bar; 240. a second arc bar; 250. a hauling rope; 260. propelling the tip;

300. a hole site protection mechanism; 310. a drainage tube; 320. a deflection slot; 330. a core pad; 340. a sand control assembly; 341. an inner barrel; 342. an elastic rod; 343. a ring pad; 344. folding the rod; 345. leading to a guide rod; 346. an energy gathering ring plate; 347. a vertical rod; 348. a barrier plate;

400. a traction mechanism; 410. placing a top end head; 420. and a bottom end is arranged.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

It is to be understood that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention.

The invention provides an oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator in combination with the following description and the accompanying drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 1 to 8, the oil and gas well casing slotting and net-making perforator provided by the present invention includes a directional protection pipe 100, a perforation docking mechanism 200, a hole site protection mechanism 300 and a traction mechanism 400, wherein the perforation docking mechanism 200 is installed outside the directional protection pipe 100, the hole site protection mechanism 300 is connected in the perforation docking mechanism 200, and in addition, the traction mechanism 400 is installed on the perforation docking mechanism 200.

The perforation docking mechanism 200 comprises a pressurizing pad element 210, a guide arc rail 220, a first arc rod 230, a second arc rod 240, a traction rope 250 and a propelling end head 260, the hole site protection mechanism 300 comprises a drainage tube 310, a deflection groove 320, a core pad 330 and a sand control assembly 340, the sand control assembly 340 further comprises an inner cylinder 341, an elastic rod 342, a ring pad 343, a folding rod 344, a guide rod 345, a shaped ring plate 346, a vertical rod 347 and a blocking plate 348, and the traction mechanism 400 comprises a top end head 410 and a bottom end head 420.

Specifically, the guiding arc rail 220 is movably installed inside the pressure increasing pad 210, the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 are movably connected to an inner cavity of the guiding arc rail 220, the traction rope 250 penetrates into the first arc rod 230 or the second arc rod 240, the propelling end 260 is movably connected to an outer end of the traction rope 250, the drainage tube 310 is installed outside the pressure increasing pad 210, the deflection groove 320 is opened inside the drainage tube 310, the core pad 330 is movably connected to an inner side of the deflection groove 320, the sand control assembly 340 is located inside the drainage tube 310, the inner tube 341 is installed inside the drainage tube 310, the elastic rod 342 is movably connected to an inner tube 341, the ring pad 343 is installed at an outer end of the elastic rod 342, the folding rod 344 is connected to an inner side of the ring pad 343, the vertical rod 347 is installed at an outer side of the folding rod 344, the guiding guide rod 345 is movably connected to the vertical rod 347, the blocking plate 348 is installed at an outer end of the vertical rod 347, the energy-gathering ring plate 346 is connected to a bottom outside the folding rod 344, the top end 410 is attached to the top of the pressure pad 210 and the bottom end 420 is attached to the bottom of the pressure pad 210.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 5-7, on the basis of the first embodiment, the middle portion of the inner side of the pressurizing pad 210 is provided with a horizontal hole, the top surface and the bottom of the pressurizing pad 210 are respectively provided with vertical holes which are symmetrically distributed, and the two ends of the inner portion of the pressurizing pad 210 are provided with arc-shaped slideways, and the two ends of the inner cavity of the guide arc rail 220 are provided with arc-shaped annular holes, and the outer end of the guide arc rail 220 is adapted to penetrate through the arc-shaped slideways of the inner portion of the pressurizing pad 210, in addition, the outer portions of the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 are both provided with inward recessed annular grooves, and the annular grooves of the outer portions of the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 are connected with tension springs, and the inner portions of the outer ends of the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 are provided with two through holes.

By arranging arc-shaped slide ways at two ends inside the pressurizing pad 210 and combining the adaptation between the arc-shaped slide ways and the two guiding arc-shaped rails 220, when the tension springs outside the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 are released at a moment, the guiding arc-shaped rails 220 can extend outwards to the two adjacent pressurizing pad 210, and when the tension springs outside the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 are in a tightened state, the two adjacent pressurizing pad 210 can be contracted to a minimum state, and the elastic potential energy generated at a moment when the tension springs outside the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 are released can be combined to cause the outer ends of the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 to extend outwards along the inner cavity of the guiding arc-shaped rails 220, in addition, two through holes are arranged inside the outer ends of the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240, and the through holes inside the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 are used for limiting and drawing the traction rope 250, so that the device can be conveniently and synchronously driven at a moment when the device is subjected to bullet blast, and the expansion of two adjacent guide arc rails 220 out of the borehole wall perforation is realized.

Example three:

in the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the pushing tip 260 has an oval concave hole formed therein, and the oval concave hole formed in the pushing tip 260 is adapted to the vertical axis of the top end of the pushing tip 260.

Through the guiding of the oval concave hole to the vertical shaft at the top end of the pulling rope 250, the pulling rope 250 can release the tension spring outside the first arc rod 230 or the second arc rod 240 at the moment when the inner end of the propelling end 260 is lifted outwards.

Example four:

referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the above embodiment, the inner side of the drainage tube 310 is provided with rectangular slots which are uniformly distributed, the rectangular slots of the inner side of the drainage tube 310 are adapted to the bottom end of the guide rod 345, in addition, the outer end of the core pad 330 is provided with an elliptical ring-shaped rubber gasket, the outside of the elastic rod 342 is connected with a spring, the bottom end of the spring outside the elastic rod 342 is connected to the inner cylinder 341, in addition, the bottom of the vertical rod 347 is provided with a transverse hole, and the transverse hole at the bottom of the vertical rod 347 is adapted to the transverse shaft at the top end of the guide rod 345.

Through combining the inner recess of drainage tube 310 to the inner adaptation restraint of core pad 330, the notch of seting up simultaneously in the core pad 330 outside is to the inner adaptation location of propulsion end 260, combines a plurality of inner tube 341 and the elastic rod 342 that the annular distributes to produce outside driving force simultaneously and to ring pad 343 and the outside pressure boost of core pad 330 to can make this mechanism to well wall perforation outlying effectively compress tightly the location, and carry out effective laminating to the well wall after the device expands to maximum state.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows:

before use: because a casing pipe is needed to be used in an oil and gas well, and a belt building layer is arranged in the oil and gas well, before the perforator moves along the well cavity, an operator needs to install a plurality of groups of top end heads 410 and bottom end heads 420 on the top surface and the bottom surface of the pressurizing pad piece 210 which are distributed annularly, and then push the perforator along the well cavity;

when in use: after the perforator is conveyed to a designated position in an inner cavity of an oil and gas well, at a moment of detonating a warhead in the inner cavity of the directional protection tube 100, blasting impact force generated by the warhead can apply outward pushing force to an inner side annular groove of the energy-gathering annular plate 346, at the moment, the energy-gathering annular plate 346 can drive the folding rod 344, the annular pad 343 and the core pad 330 to push outwards along the drainage tube 310, meanwhile, the folding rod 344 can drive the blocking plate 348 to be in annular butt joint along the middle of the inner side of the drainage tube 310 in combination with movable traction and limiting of the bottom of the vertical rod 347 by the guide rod 345, and the outward pushing force of the folding rod 344 is received, at the moment, slits can be generated among a plurality of blocking plates 348 in annular butt joint for releasing fluid and primarily blocking gravel or broken rocks;

the same time of use: under the action of the outward pushing force of the core pad 330, the slotted hole outside the core pad 330 pushes the inner end of the pushing end 260 outwards, at this time, the pulling rope 250 movably connected in the oval concave hole inside the pushing end 260 releases the spring outside the first arc rod 230, at this moment, the springs released outside the first arc rod 230 and the second arc rod 240 push out the guiding arc track 220 outwards, then the two ends of the guiding arc track 220 can quickly attach and assemble the two adjacent pressurizing pad pieces 210 towards the inner wall of the oil and gas well, at this moment, the annular concave hole inside the drainage tube 310 can conduct limiting and guiding on the core pad 330, and under the action of the outward pushing force applied on the annular pad 343 by the inner cylinders 341 and the elastic rods 342 which are distributed in an annular shape, the port at the outer end of the core pad 330 can conduct safe pressurizing protection on the part outside the perforation of the well wall.

In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted to," "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an oil gas well casing cracks and makes net perforator, includes directional protective tube (100), its characterized in that:

the perforation docking mechanism (200) movably arranged outside the directional protective pipe (100) comprises a fan-shaped pressurizing pad piece (210), a guide arc rail (220) movably arranged inside the pressurizing pad piece (210), a first arc rod (230) and a second arc rod (240) movably connected to the inner cavity of the guide arc rail (220), a pulling rope (250) penetrating into the first arc rod (230) or the second arc rod (240) and a propelling end (260) movably connected to the outer end of the pulling rope (250);

the hole site protection mechanism (300) movably arranged in the perforation docking mechanism (200) comprises a drainage tube (310) arranged at the outer side of the pressurizing pad piece (210), a deflection groove (320) arranged in the drainage tube (310), a core pad (330) movably connected to the inner side of the deflection groove (320), and a sand control assembly (340) positioned in the drainage tube (310);

the sand control assembly (340) comprises an inner barrel (341) arranged in the drainage tube (310), an elastic rod (342) movably connected in the inner barrel (341), a ring pad (343) arranged at the outer end of the elastic rod (342), a folding rod (344) connected to the inner side of the ring pad (343), a vertical rod (347) arranged on the outer side of the folding rod (344), a guide rod (345) movably connected to the vertical rod (347), a baffle plate (348) arranged at the outer end of the vertical rod (347) and a energy-gathering ring plate (346) connected to the bottom of the outer side of the folding rod (344);

the traction mechanism (400) arranged on the perforation docking mechanism (200) comprises a top end head (410) connected to the top of the pressurizing pad element (210) and a bottom end head (420) arranged at the bottom of the pressurizing pad element (210).

2. The oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator according to claim 1, wherein a transverse hole is formed in the middle of the inner side of the pressurizing pad (210), the top surface and the bottom of the pressurizing pad (210) are respectively provided with vertical holes which are symmetrically distributed, and two ends of the inside of the pressurizing pad (210) are provided with arc-shaped slideways.

3. The oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator of claim 2, wherein two ends of the inner cavity of the guiding arc rail (220) are provided with arc-shaped annular holes, and the outer end of the guiding arc rail (220) is adapted to penetrate into an arc-shaped slideway inside the pressurizing pad (210).

4. The oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator of claim 1, wherein the first arc rod (230) and the second arc rod (240) are both provided with an inwardly recessed annular groove on the outside, and the extension springs are connected in the annular grooves on the outside of the first arc rod (230) and the second arc rod (240), and two through holes are provided inside the outermost ends of the first arc rod (230) and the second arc rod (240).

5. The oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator of claim 1, wherein an elliptical concave hole is formed inside the propelling tip (260), and the elliptical concave hole inside the propelling tip (260) is adapted to a vertical shaft at the top end of the propelling tip (260).

6. The oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator of claim 1, wherein the inner side of the drainage tube (310) is provided with rectangular slotted holes uniformly distributed, and the rectangular slotted holes on the inner side of the drainage tube (310) are adapted to the bottom end of the guide rod (345).

7. The oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator of claim 1, wherein the outer end of the core pad (330) is provided with an oval ring-shaped rubber gasket.

8. The oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator of claim 1, wherein the outside of the elastic rod (342) is connected with a spring, and the bottom end of the outer spring of the elastic rod (342) is connected with the inner cylinder (341).

9. The oil and gas well casing slotting mesh-making perforator of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the vertical rod (347) is provided with a transverse hole, and the transverse hole at the bottom of the vertical rod (347) is adapted to a transverse shaft leading to the top end of the guide rod (345).

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