CN114657449A - 一种ZG13Cr10 Ni Mo1W1VNbN的制造方法 - Google Patents

一种ZG13Cr10 Ni Mo1W1VNbN的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN114657449A
CN114657449A CN202210315409.7A CN202210315409A CN114657449A CN 114657449 A CN114657449 A CN 114657449A CN 202210315409 A CN202210315409 A CN 202210315409A CN 114657449 A CN114657449 A CN 114657449A
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曹峤
陈德苏
纪洪双
耿耀
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Jiangsu Wanheng Casting Industry Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及汽轮机用的超超高温合金钢，提供一种ZG13Cr10NiMo1W1VNbN的制造方法，主要工艺流程是：设计模具→MAGMA模拟→造型、芯→中频炉加AOD熔炼→控制化学成分→终脱氧→充氩气浇注→热处理→理化检测→无损检测→消除缺陷→终检。关键在于控制化学成分：C＝0.12～0.14％、Si＝0.30～0.50％、Mn＝0.80～1.00％、P≤0.015％、S≤0.010％、Cr＝9.20～10.20％、Ni＝0.60～0.80％、Mo＝0.95～1.05％，W＝0.95～1.05％、V＝0.17～0.25％、Nb＝0.05～0.10％、N＝0.03～0.06％、Al≤0.02％、Cu≤0.10％、As≤0.025％、Sn≤0.015％、Sb≤0.001％、[H]≤7ppm、[O]≤90ppm。中频炉粗炼加AOD熔炼,铸件性能热处理用1070士14℃强风水雾正火加740士10℃回火。室温试验力学性能满足Rm＝680～850MPa、Rp0.2≥520MPa、A≥15％、Z≥40％、KV2≥16J、HB＝210～260HBW、FATT50≤90；高温特久强度：610℃高温载荷应力140MPa状况下持续大于100小时不断裂要求。

Description

一种ZG13Cr10 Ni Mo1W1VNbN的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽轮机用的超超高温合金钢新材料，提供了一种ZG13Cr10NiMo1W1VNbN的制造方法，其关健是通过控制化学成分，正确运用热处理方法。实现铸件室温试验力学性能达到Rm＝745MPa、Rp0.2＝585MPa、A＝24％、Z＝60％、KV2＝72J、HB＝223HBW、FATT50＝70；高温特久强度：610℃高温载荷应力140MPa状况下持续大于100小时不断裂。达到和超过了美标ASME SA-217M C12A高温合金钢标准的要求。提高蠕变强度和韧性，降低热膨胀系数,有更好榫接性能。
背景技术
国际上先进的电力汽轮机属于高端装备,其机体铸件要求有较高的蠕变强度和韧性,热膨胀系数要小,有好的榫接性能。选用ZG13Cr10 Ni Mo1W1VNbN新材料,能达到室温试验力学性能满足Rm＝680～850MPa、Rp0.2≥520MPa、A≥15％、Z≥40％、KV2≥16J、HB＝210～260HBW、FATT50≤90；高温特久强度：610℃炉中载荷应力140MPa状况下持续大于100小时不断裂的要求。用ZG13Cr10 Ni Mo1W1VNbN新材料,取代其他牌号的超超高温合金钢,是国际上研发先进的汽轮机的基础,更能增长汽轮机装备使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目是为了制造汽轮机铸件,具备较高的蠕变强度和韧性,热膨胀系数小,有好的榫接性能，提供了一种ZG13Cr10NiMo1W1VNbN的制造方法,其关健是控制化学成分,正确运用热处理方式,最终实现室温试验力学性能满足Rm＝680～850MPa、Rp0.2≥520MPa、A≥15％、Z≥40％、KV2≥16J、HB＝210～260HBW、FATT50≤90；高温特久强度：610℃炉中载荷应力140MPa状况下持续大于100小时不变形的要求。有利于在600～610℃、25MPa特殊工况下使用寿命更长。
本发明技术方案为：一种ZG13Cr10NiMo1W1VNbN的制造方法，主要工艺流程是：设计模具→MAGMA模拟→造型、芯→中频炉加AOD炉熔炼→控制化学成分→终脱氧→充氩气浇注→热处理→理化检测→无损检测→消除缺陷→终检,关键是控制化学成分工序,通过改变铸件成分获得新的金相组织；热处理工序,通过对铸件一次完全退火.实现铸件稳定化防开裂,一次强风水雾冷正火,改进了铸件入水冷却速度太快形成裂纹,用油冷淬火成本太大的难题,加一次回火消除应力。
控制化学成分：C＝0.12～0.14％、Si＝0.30～0.50％、Mn＝0.80～1.00％、P≤0.015％、S≤0.010％、Cr＝9.20～10.20％、Ni＝0.60～0.80％、Mo＝0.95～1.05％，W＝0.95～1.05％、V＝0.17～0.25％、Nb＝0.05～0.10％、N＝0.03～0.06％、Al≤0.02％、Cu≤0.10％、As≤0.025％、Sn≤0.015％、Sb≤0.001％、[H]≤7ppm、[O]≤90ppm。控制[H]≤7ppm、[O]≤90ppm的方法。是在AOD炉中精炼加硅钙脱氧剂终脱氧,充氩气强烈还原反应,在浇包上,砂型腔内充氩气保护,降低[H]、[O]含量。
热处理方式：铸件稳定化采用一次1050士14℃完全退火.性能处理采用一次1070士14℃强风水雾冷正火后8小时内一次740士10℃回火,有铸造缺陷在焊补后消除应力采用一次710士10℃回火。用额定20吨1200℃台车式智能电炉,经炉温均衡性检测合格,炉膛内各检点温差≤士14℃对铸件完全退火、正火处理,铸件≤250℃入炉,升温速度≤150℃/时,到温度后保温时间根据铸件最大壁厚每25.4mm延长1小时,1050士14℃完全退火保温后,随炉冷却速度≤50℃/时,≤500℃时出炉空冷,正火1070士14℃保温后出炉在强风水雾冷却至室温,用额定20吨800℃台车式智能电炉,经炉温均衡性检测合格,炉膛内各检点温差≤士10℃对铸件回火处理,铸件≤250℃入炉,升温速度≤150℃/时,到温度后保温时间根据铸件最大壁厚每25.4mm延长1小时,740士10℃回火保温后随炉冷却速度≤50℃/时,≤350℃时出炉空冷。有铸造缺陷在焊补后消除应力采用一次710士10℃回火,方法同上。铸件经性能热处理后，室温试验力学性能满足Rm＝680～850MPa、Rp0.2≥520MPa、A≥15％、Z≥40％、KV2≥16J、HB＝210～260HBW、FATT50≤90；高温特久强度；610℃炉中载荷应力140MPa状况下持续大于100小时不断裂的要求。大大提高了力学性能，适应现代汽轮机工业发展的需求。
本发明的积极效果是：
实现铸件有害元素P＝0.017％、S＝0.001％、Al＝0.002％、Cu＝0.036％、As＝0.003％、Sn＝0.002％、Sb＝0.001％、[H]＝3ppm、[O]＝70ppm。室温试验力学性能达到Rm＝745MPa、Rp0.2＝585MPa、A＝24％、Z＝60％、KV2＝72J、HB＝223HBW、FATT50＝70；高温特久强度：610℃高温载荷应力140MPa状况下持续大于100小时不断裂。达到和超过了美标ASMESA-217M C12A高温合金钢标准的要求。
具体实施方式
制造大型ZG13Cr10 Ni Mo1W1VNbN超超高温合金钢新材料时，根据客户图纸设计模具及工艺系统,用MAGMA模拟验证工艺,碱酚醛树脂砂造型、芯,合箱后用180～200℃烘烤砂型、芯,用中频炉粗炼炉料时炉底充氩保护,加结渣剂覆盖钢水表面,隔绝空气防氧化，需加金属炉料均烘烤到≥500℃，镍板、金属铬要烘烤到≥800℃，加料顺序先加纯铁、金属锰、金属硅，最后加入镍板、金属铬铁，减少氧化和烧损。炉料全部熔清后，先加锰，再加硅铁脱氧，转入AOD精炼,进行氧化、脱磷、脱硫、还原反应,取样检测化学成分符合内控标准后，用0.1～0.2％硅钙进行终脱氧,温度从1620℃降到温度1580℃出钢,冲入氩气保护的浇包，静置3～5min后,浇入充满氩气的砂型腔内。由于铸件易产生裂纹,经清理后,热处理方式：稳定化采用用一次1050士14℃完全退火.性能处理用一次1070士14℃强风水雾冷正火后,在8小时内一次740士10℃回火。理化检测结果,化学成分：C＝0.12％、Si＝0.35％、Mn＝0.8％、P＝0.017％、S＝0.001％、Cr＝9.6％、Ni＝0.78％、Mo＝1.01％，W＝0.98％、V＝0.20％、Nb＝0.067％、N＝0.038％、Al＝0.002％、Cu＝0.036％、As＝0.003％、Sn＝0.002％、Sb＝0.001％、[H]＝3ppm、[O]＝70ppm。力学性能：室温试验力学性能达到Rm＝745MPa、Rp0.2＝585MPa、A＝24％、Z＝60％、KV2＝72J、HB＝223HBW、FATT50＝70；无损检测采用PT、UT、MT、RT后发现缺陷,用碳棒气刨消除缺陷,进行焊补后消除应力采用一次710士10℃回火。实现铸件室温试验力学性能达到Rm＝745MPa、Rp0.2＝585MPa、A＝24％、Z＝60％、KV2＝72J、HB＝223HBW、FATT50＝70；高温特久强度：610℃高温载荷应力140MPa状况下持续大于100小时不断裂。达到和超过了美标ASME SA-217M C12A高温合金钢标准室温试验力学性能满足Rm＝585～760MPa、Rp0.2≥415MPa、A≥18％、Z≥45％、HB＝210～260HBW的要求。大大提高了超超高温合金钢的韧性达到KV2＝72J、FATT50＝70。利用本方法可以制造国际上最先进的超超高温合金钢,广泛用于核电、火电、石化行业,610℃高温载荷应力140MPa工况下的设备上。提高蠕变强度和韧性，降低热膨胀系数,有更好榫接性能。铸件经粗加工需要加工的面,进行终检主要是检测三维尺寸、形位公差、表面精度达到图纸技术要求后，涂防锈油入库。

Claims (4)

1.一种ZG13Cr10NiMo1W1VNbN的制造方法，主要工艺流程是：设计模具→MAGMA模拟→造型、芯→中频炉加AOD炉熔炼→控制化学成分→终脱氧→充氩气浇注→热处理→理化检测→无损检测→消除缺陷→终检。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种ZG13Cr10NiMo1W1VNbN的制造方法，其特征在于控制化学成分：C＝0.12～0.14％、Si＝0.30～0.50％、Mn＝0.80～1.00％、P≤0.015％、S≤0.010％、Cr＝9.20～10.20％、Ni＝0.60～0.80％、Mo＝0.95～1.05％，W＝0.95～1.05％、V＝0.17～0.25％、Nb＝0.05～0.10％、N＝0.03～0.06％、Al≤0.02％、Cu≤0.10％、As≤0.025％、Sn≤0.015％、Sb≤0.001％、[H]≤7ppm、[O]≤90ppm。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种ZG13Cr10NiMo1W1VNbN的制造方法，其特征在于热处理方式：铸件稳定化采用一次1050士14℃完全退火,性能处理采用一次1070士14℃强风水雾冷正火后在8小时内一次740士10℃回火,有铸造缺陷在焊补后消除应力采用一次710士10℃回火。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种ZG13Cr10 Ni Mo1W1VNbN的制造方法，其特征在于铸件经性能热处理后，室温试验力学性能满足Rm＝680～850MPa、Rp0.2≥520MPa、A≥15％、Z≥40％、KV2≥16J、HB＝210～260HBW、FATT50≤90；高温特久强度：610℃炉中载荷应力140MPa状况下持续大于100小时不断裂的要求。
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