CN114653529B - Device and method for preparing silica aerogel felt and silica aerogel felt - Google Patents

Device and method for preparing silica aerogel felt and silica aerogel felt Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114653529B
CN114653529B CN202210336128.XA CN202210336128A CN114653529B CN 114653529 B CN114653529 B CN 114653529B CN 202210336128 A CN202210336128 A CN 202210336128A CN 114653529 B CN114653529 B CN 114653529B
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felt
air
drying box
gel
hydrophobic
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CN114653529A (en
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张东生
张继承
刘喜宗
姚栋嘉
杜重辉
李静
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Gongyi Van Research Yihui Composite Material Co Ltd
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Gongyi Van Research Yihui Composite Material Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/12—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating work of indefinite length
    • B05C3/15—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating work of indefinite length not supported on conveying means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1039—Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material; Controlling means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C13/00—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles
    • B05C13/02—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles for particular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
    • B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases

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Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing a silicon dioxide aerogel felt, and the silicon dioxide aerogel felt, which comprises a dipping tank, wherein the dipping tank is provided with a compression roller; the liquid collecting tank is arranged at one side of the gum dipping tank, and a winding roller group is arranged above the liquid collecting tank; the drainage drying box is arranged above the liquid collecting tank, is provided with a felt inlet and a felt outlet, and is internally provided with a tensioning mechanism and a drying assembly; the tensioning mechanism comprises a tensioning roller set, and the tensioning roller set is used for tensioning the gel felt between the felt inlet and the felt outlet; the drying assembly comprises an air injection assembly communicated with the air inlet pipe, the air injection assembly comprises an air distribution row and a plurality of hot air knives communicated with the air distribution row, air outlets of the hot air knives are aligned with the tensioning gel felt, and the air injection assembly is used for injecting preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobizing agent to the fiber felt; an exhaust hole for discharging gas is reserved on the drainage drying box; the method realizes the hydrophobic and drying treatment of the silica wet gel felt, and ensures that the formed hydrophobic silica aerogel felt has higher quality.

Description

Device and method for preparing silica aerogel felt and silica aerogel felt
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerogel blanket preparation, and particularly relates to a device and a method for preparing a silica aerogel blanket and the silica aerogel blanket.
Background
Aerogel is a gel material with a dispersion medium as gas, and has a highly crosslinked continuous three-dimensional network nano hollow structure inside, and has a large specific surface area (500-1300 m 2 /g), low density (30-150Kg/m 3 ) High porosity (85% -99%), small average pore diameter (2-50 nm), and low thermal conductivity (0.01-0.02W/m.K) than room temperature air. Is currently recognized as the solid material with the lowest thermal conductivity. The silica aerogel and the felt thereof have unique physical and chemical characteristics, and can be widely researched and applied in the aspects of aerospace, chemical industry, energy-saving building, heat insulation, catalyst carrier, optics, acoustics and the like.
The existing preparation technology of the silica aerogel felt is mainly divided into two parts, namely: gel preparation and gel drying. Silica gel to be dried is generally prepared by hydrolysis, gel formation, aging, and hydrophobization using a silicon source, a solvent, and a catalyst, and then aerogel is obtained by drying the gel. The current common hydrophobization method is to put the impregnated felt body into a prepared hydrophobization solution for hydrophobization treatment after the gel reaction of the impregnated felt body is finished, and then take out the treated gel felt for drying treatment. Although the method can obtain the hydrophobized silicon dioxide aerogel felt, in actual production, multiple solvent replacement is involved, the reaction period is long, the production cost is increased, and the hydrophobization modification treatment is carried out on the gel by self-infiltration, so that the hydrophobization degree of the gel is uneven and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a device for preparing a silica aerogel felt, which further realizes efficient, low-cost and uniform hydrophobization treatment on the basis of ensuring good structural performance of the aerogel felt; meanwhile, the invention also provides a method for preparing the silica aerogel felt; the invention also provides a silica aerogel blanket.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the device for preparing the silica aerogel felt of the invention is as follows:
an apparatus for continuously preparing a hydrophobic silica aerogel blanket at normal pressure, comprising:
and (3) a gum dipping tank: the glue dipping tank is internally provided with a pressing roller for pressing the fiber felt into the sol;
liquid collecting tank: is arranged at one side of the gum dipping tank, a winding roller group is arranged above the liquid collecting tank, the fiber felt body after gum dipping is gelled between a gum dipping tank and a hydrophobic drying box to form a gel felt, and the winding roller group is a hot roller;
hydrophobic drying cabinet: the drainage drying box is provided with a felt inlet and a felt outlet, and a tensioning mechanism and a drying assembly are arranged in the drainage drying box;
the tensioning mechanism comprises a tensioning roller set, and the tensioning roller set is used for tensioning the gel felt between the felt inlet and the felt outlet;
the drying assembly comprises an air injection assembly communicated with the air inlet pipe, the air injection assembly comprises an air distribution row and a plurality of hot air knives communicated with the air distribution row, air outlets of the hot air knives are aligned with the tensioned gel felt, and the air injection assembly is used for injecting preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobizing agent to the gel felt; and an exhaust hole for discharging gas is reserved on the drainage drying box.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the device for preparing the silica aerogel felt, the wet fiber felt is obtained by dipping the fiber felt body through the dipping tank, the wet fiber felt passes through the winding roller set and forms the gel felt in the winding process of the winding roller set, meanwhile, sol dropped from the wet fiber felt is collected in the liquid collecting tank, the gel felt passes through the winding roller set and enters the hydrophobic drying box, the tensioning roller set in the hydrophobic drying box tensions the gel felt, and the drying component in the hydrophobic drying box blows preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobizing reagent to the gel felt, so that the gel felt forms the dry hydrophobic silica aerogel felt.
Further, the jet assembly includes a first jet assembly in communication with the first air inlet conduit and a second jet assembly in communication with the second air inlet conduit.
The beneficial effects are that: the two groups of air injection assemblies are arranged to facilitate air injection to be more uniform when the gel felt is dried and hydrophobized.
The felt inlet is arranged at the bottom of the drainage drying box, the felt outlet is arranged at the top of the drainage drying box, and the felt inlet and the felt outlet are arranged up and down correspondingly; the tensioning roller set comprises a first tensioning roller arranged at the felt inlet, a second tensioning roller arranged at the felt outlet, a third tensioning roller and a fourth tensioning roller, wherein the third tensioning roller and the fourth tensioning roller are positioned between the first tensioning roller and the second tensioning roller, and the third tensioning roller and the fourth tensioning roller are arranged at intervals in an up-down corresponding mode.
The beneficial effects are that: the setting of tensioning roller group can be with the gel felt in the dewatering drying cabinet with extending direction tensioning from top to bottom.
Further, a wind shielding assembly is further arranged in the hydrophobic drying box, the wind shielding assembly comprises a first wind shielding assembly and a second wind shielding assembly, the air injection assembly is positioned between the first wind shielding assembly and the second wind shielding assembly in the up-down direction, the first wind shielding assembly comprises a first supporting plate fixed on the inner wall of the hydrophobic drying box and a first wind shielding film fixed on the first supporting plate, and the first wind shielding film is in contact with the fourth tensioning roller; the second wind shielding assembly comprises a second supporting plate fixed on the inner wall of the hydrophobic drying box and a second wind shielding film fixed on the first supporting plate, and the second wind shielding film is in contact with the third tensioning roller.
The beneficial effects are that: the setting of subassembly that keeps out wind can with the jet-propelled subassembly coaction, form the region of admitting air in one side of gel felt to make jet-propelled subassembly spun gas can gather in the region of admitting air, and make jet-propelled subassembly spun gas and gel felt better take place the reaction.
The gel felt is preheated by heating equipment before entering the hydrophobic drying box.
The beneficial effects are that: the gel felt is preheated by heating equipment before the felt body is in the hydrophobic drying area, so that the hydrophobic drying time is shortened.
The winding roller set comprises a first winding roller and a second winding roller, wherein the first winding roller and the second winding roller are arranged at left and right intervals, the second winding roller is positioned below the first winding roller, the liquid collecting groove is positioned under the second winding roller, and the second winding roller and the felt inlet of the dewatering drying box are arranged in an up-down corresponding mode.
The beneficial effects are that: the setting of winding roller group has prolonged the gel time of wet gel felt on the one hand, and on the other hand is convenient for unnecessary sol drip to the collecting tank on the wet gel felt.
The technical scheme adopted by the method for continuously preparing the hydrophobic silica aerogel felt at normal pressure is that
A method of making a silica aerogel blanket comprising the steps of:
s1: unreeling the fiber roll felt, immersing the fiber felt body into a dipping tank under the action of a press roller for dipping treatment, and dipping the fiber felt into sol to obtain a wet fiber felt combined with the sol;
s2: the wet fiber felt after the dipping treatment passes through a winding roller set, the dropped sol is collected into a liquid collecting tank, and the sol is gelled to form a gel felt before entering a hydrophobic drying box;
s3: the gel felt passes through a hydrophobic drying box, and the tensioned gel felt is purged with preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobic reagent in the hydrophobic drying box to obtain a dry aerogel felt.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the device for preparing the silica aerogel felt, the wet fiber felt is obtained by dipping the fiber felt body through the dipping tank, the wet fiber felt passes through the winding roller set and forms the gel felt in the winding process of the winding roller set, meanwhile, sol dropped from the wet fiber felt is collected in the liquid collecting tank, the gel felt passes through the winding roller set and enters the hydrophobic drying box, the tensioning roller set in the hydrophobic drying box tensions the gel felt, and the drying component in the hydrophobic drying box blows preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobizing reagent to the gel felt, so that the gel felt forms the dry hydrophobic silica aerogel felt.
Further, in S3, the gel felt firstly blows preheated gas to the gel felt through a purge valve so as to perform preheating treatment on the gel felt; and then nitrogen is introduced into the hydrophobic drying box through the first air injection assembly, and then hot nitrogen and mixed gas of the gas-phase hydrophobizing agent are injected into the hydrophobic drying box through the second air injection assembly.
The beneficial effects are that: the gel felt which is about to enter the hydrophobic drying box is preheated, so that the gel felt and the gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent are convenient to react, and the preheated nitrogen is used for circulating and purging before the gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent is introduced for hydrophobizing, so that the content of inert gas in the hydrophobic drying box is improved, and the consistency of the hydrophobizing environment is improved.
In S3, the gel felt firstly blows preheated gas to the gel felt through a purge valve so as to perform preheating treatment on the gel felt; hot nitrogen and a gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent are directly sprayed into the hydrophobizing drying box at the same time, and the nitrogen and the gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent are independently heated.
The beneficial effects are that: the gel felt to be introduced into the hydrophobic drying box is preheated, so that the gel felt and the gas phase hydrophobizing agent are convenient to react, hot nitrogen and the gas phase hydrophobizing agent are sprayed simultaneously, the nitrogen and the gas phase hydrophobizing agent are independently heated respectively, and are sprayed respectively through different air spraying assemblies or sprayed together through the same air spraying assembly, and the operation is simpler and more convenient.
When the mixed gas of the hot nitrogen and the gas-phase hydrophobizing agent is prepared, the hot nitrogen is introduced into the liquid-phase hydrophobizing agent, the liquid-phase hydrophobizing agent is heated by the hot nitrogen to evaporate the obtained gas-phase hydrophobizing agent, and the gas-phase hydrophobizing agent is introduced into a hydrophobic drying box along with the hot nitrogen through a jet assembly.
The beneficial effects are that: the hot nitrogen can change the liquid phase hydrophobizing agent into the gas phase hydrophobizing agent, and meanwhile, the hot nitrogen can also improve the content of inert gas in the hydrophobic drying box.
The hydrophobic silica aerogel felt has a hydrophobicity of 85.0% -99.0%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for preparing silica aerogel blanket according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the drying cabinet of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first jet assembly of the hydrophobic drying oven of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the first jet assembly of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second jet assembly of the hydrophobic drying oven of FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is a left side view of the second jet assembly of fig. 5.
Reference numerals: 1-a gum dipping tank; 2-fiber felt; 3-a press roller; 4-a liquid collecting tank; 5-a second winding roller; 6-a first winding roller; 7-a purge valve; 8-a hydrophobic drying box; 9-a felt inlet; 10-a felt outlet; 11-exhaust holes; 12-tensioning roller set; 13-a jet assembly; 14-a first tensioning roller; 15-a second tensioning roller; 16-a third tensioning roller; 17-fourth tensioning roller; 18-a sealing ring; 19-a first support plate; 20-a first wind shielding film; 21-a second support plate; 22-a second wind shielding film; 23-a first jet assembly; 24-a first gas separation row; 25-a first hot air knife; 26-a second jet assembly; 27-second gas separation; 28-a second hot air knife; 29-a first air inlet pipe; 30-a second air inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The device for preparing the silica aerogel felt under normal pressure is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and the detailed description:
as shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for preparing a silica aerogel blanket according to the present invention includes a dipping tank 1, a sump 4, and a hydrophobic drying oven 8. The dipping tank 1 is used for containing sol, and in this embodiment, the sol is silica sol. The impregnation tank 1 is provided with a press roller 3 for pressing the fiber mat 2 into the sol so that the fiber mat 2 is fully combined with the sol, in this embodiment, the impregnation tank 1 is provided with two press rollers 3 spaced in parallel, and the spread fiber mat 2 is pressed into the impregnation tank by the two press rollers 3 so that the sol in the impregnation tank 1 is fully impregnated on the fiber mat 2. A sol replenishing tank (not shown) is arranged beside the dipping tank 1 and is used for continuously replenishing the sol in the dipping tank 1, so that the sol liquid level in the dipping tank 1 is ensured to be kept at a certain height. In this embodiment, the fiber mat body 2 is continuously unreeled through an unreeled structure, so that the fiber mat body 2 is continuously supplied to the device of the present invention, and the unreeled structure is in the prior art and will not be described herein. The fiber felt body 2 is combined with sol in the dipping tank 1 to form wet fiber felt;
a liquid collecting tank 4 is arranged on one side of the dipping tank 1, in the embodiment, the liquid collecting tank is arranged on the right side of the dipping tank 1, an opening of the liquid collecting tank 4 is upward, a winding roller set is arranged above the liquid collecting tank 4, and the fiber felt body 2 after dipping is gelled between the dipping tank and a hydrophobic drying box to form a gel felt. The winding roller set comprises a first winding roller 6 and a second winding roller 5, wherein the first winding roller 6 and the second winding roller 5 are arranged at left and right intervals, the second winding roller 5 is positioned below the first winding roller 6, and the liquid collecting tank 4 is positioned right below the second winding roller 5; the wet fiber felt after the dipping treatment passes through a winding roller set, and the sol is gelled to form a gel felt when passing through the winding roller set. In the present invention, since the height of the second winding roller 5 is low, the sol is likely to drop at the second winding roller 5, and the dropped sol is collected in the liquid collecting tank 4. In this embodiment, the winding roller set is a hot roller, and the heating mode of the winding roller set is the prior art, which is not described herein.
As shown in fig. 2, a hydrophobic drying box 8 is arranged right above the liquid collecting tank 4, the hydrophobic drying box 8 is cuboid, an insulation layer is arranged outside the box body of the hydrophobic drying box 8, the insulation layer is made of insulation materials, and the insulation materials comprise one or more of aerogel, foam and mica. The drainage drying box 8 is provided with a felt inlet 9 and a felt outlet 10, the felt inlet 9 is arranged at the bottom of the drainage drying box 8, the felt outlet 10 is arranged at the top of the drainage drying box 8, and the felt inlet 9 and the felt outlet 10 are arranged up and down correspondingly; the felt inlet 9 and the felt outlet 10 are provided with elastic sealing rings 18, the outer edges of the sealing rings 18 are fixed on the felt inlet 9 and the felt outlet 10, and the inner edges of the sealing rings 18 are used for contacting with gel felts.
The gel felt is preheated through firing equipment before entering the hydrophobic drying cabinet, and in this embodiment, the outside of entering felt mouth 9 of hydrophobic drying cabinet 8 is provided with purge valve 7, and purge valve 7 is used for blowing preheating gas to fibrous felt body 2, and in this embodiment, preheating gas is preheating nitrogen gas, and the felt body carries out preheating nitrogen gas before the hydrophobic drying district and blows, can preheat the felt body earlier, and the follow-up reuse has hot nitrogen gas phase hydrophobizing reagent to blow, shortens hydrophobic drying's time. In this embodiment, the purge valve 7 blows out preheated nitrogen. The purge valve 7 is a prior art and will not be described in detail herein. In this embodiment, the preheated nitrogen is heated by a nitrogen heater, and the temperature of the heated preheated nitrogen is higher than the boiling point of the hydrophobizing agent by 0-100 ℃, wherein the nitrogen heater is in the prior art, and will not be described herein.
A tensioning mechanism and a drying component are arranged in the dewatering drying box 8. The tensioning mechanism comprises a tensioning roller set 12, the tensioning roller set 12 is used for tensioning gel felts between the felt inlet 9 and the felt outlet 10, the tensioning roller set 12 comprises a first tensioning roller 14 arranged at the felt inlet 9, a second tensioning roller 15 arranged at the felt outlet 10, a third tensioning roller 16 and a fourth tensioning roller 17, the third tensioning roller 16 and the fourth tensioning roller 17 are located between the first tensioning roller 14 and the second tensioning roller 15, the third tensioning roller 16 and the fourth tensioning roller 17 are arranged at intervals corresponding to each other up and down, and the gel felts in the hydrophobic drying box 8 are tensioned in the up-down direction under the action of the tensioning mechanism.
The drying assembly comprises an air injection assembly 13 communicated with the air inlet pipe, as shown in fig. 3-6, the air injection assembly 13 comprises an air distribution row and a plurality of hot air knives communicated with the air distribution row, the air outlets of the hot air knives are aligned with the tensioned gel felt, and the air injection assembly 13 is used for injecting preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobizing agent to the gel felt; an exhaust hole 11 for discharging gas is reserved on the drain drying box 8.
In this embodiment, the air injection assembly 13 includes a first air injection assembly 23 that is communicated with a first air inlet pipe 29 and a second air injection assembly 26 that is communicated with a second air inlet pipe 30, the first air injection assembly 23 and the second air injection assembly 26 are identical in structure, the first air injection assembly 23 includes a first air distribution row 24 that extends in the up-down direction and a first hot air knife 25 that is communicated with the first air distribution row 24, the first hot air knives 25 are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, the first hot air knives 25 extend horizontally and have a certain width in the front-back direction, and the cross-sectional area of the first hot air knives 25 is gradually reduced from left to right, so that air is blown out from an air outlet on the right side at a stronger wind speed after the first hot air knives 25 move from left to right. The second air injection assembly 26 comprises a second air distribution row 27 extending in the up-down direction and a second hot air knife 28 communicated with the second air distribution row 27, wherein a plurality of second hot air knives 28 are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, the second hot air knives 28 extend horizontally and have a certain width in the front-back direction, and the cross-sectional area of the second hot air knives 28 is gradually reduced from left to right, so that air moves from left to right in the second hot air knives 28 and finally is blown out from an air outlet on the right side at a strong air speed.
The inside of the hydrophobic drying box 8 is also provided with a wind shielding component, the wind shielding component comprises a first wind shielding component and a second wind shielding component, the air injection component 13 is positioned between the first wind shielding component and the second wind shielding component in the up-down direction, the first wind shielding component comprises a first supporting plate 19 fixed on the inner wall of the hydrophobic drying box 8 and a first wind shielding film 20 fixed on the first supporting plate 19, the first wind shielding film 20 is soft, and the first wind shielding film 20 is contacted with a fourth tensioning roller 17; the second wind shielding assembly comprises a second supporting plate 21 fixed on the inner wall of the hydrophobic drying box 8 and a second wind shielding film 22 fixed on the first supporting plate 19, the second wind shielding film 22 is soft, and the second wind shielding film 22 is contacted with the third tensioning roller 16. The arrangement of the wind shielding component can be combined with the air injection component 13 to form an air inlet area at one side of the gel felt, so that air sprayed by the air injection component 13 can be gathered in the air inlet area, and the gel felt is subjected to hydrophobization better.
In this embodiment, the sol in the dipping tank 1 is silica sol, and the steps of configuring the silica sol include: and (3) uniformly mixing a silicon source, ethanol and water according to the molar ratio of the silicon source to the ethanol to the water=1: (2-60): (1-30), and then adding a catalyst and uniformly stirring to obtain the silica sol. The silicon source is one or more of ethyl orthosilicate, methyl orthosilicate, butyl orthosilicate, isopropyl orthosilicate and alkyl alkoxy silane. The alkyl alkoxy silane comprises one or more of methyl trimethoxy silane, dimethyl dimethoxy silane, methyl triethoxy silane, dimethyl diethoxy silane, vinyl triethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane and propyl triethoxy silane. The gel catalyst comprises an alkaline catalyst, wherein the alkaline catalyst is one or a combination of two of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia water and ammonium fluoride aqueous solution; or the gel catalyst may also be an acidic catalyst.
The drain drying box 8 is provided with a nitrogen making machine and a nitrogen heater (not shown in the figure), the nitrogen making machine is communicated with the nitrogen heater through a connecting pipe, nitrogen is prepared through the nitrogen making machine, the volume content of the nitrogen is more than 99%, the prepared nitrogen is heated through the nitrogen heater, and then the gel felt is purged.
The invention discloses a method for preparing a silicon dioxide aerogel felt, which comprises the following steps:
s1: and unreeling the fiber roll felt, immersing the fiber felt body 2 into a dipping tank 1 under the action of a press roller 3 for dipping treatment, immersing the fiber felt into silica sol, and standing and aging for 8-24 hours at 30-60 ℃ to obtain the wet fiber felt combined with the sol.
S2: the wet fiber mat after the dipping treatment passes through a winding roller set, the dropped sol is collected in a liquid collecting tank 4, and the sol is gelled to form a gel mat before entering a hydrophobic drying box.
S3: the gel felt passes through a hydrophobic drying box, and the tensioned gel felt is purged with preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobic reagent in the hydrophobic drying box to obtain a dry aerogel felt.
In S3, the gel felt firstly blows preheated gas to the gel felt through a purge valve 7 so as to perform preheating treatment on the gel felt; then nitrogen is introduced into the hydrophobic drying box 8 through the first air injection assembly 23, and then hot nitrogen and mixed gas of the gas phase hydrophobizing agent are injected into the hydrophobic drying box 8 through the second air injection assembly 26; in this embodiment, when the mixed gas of hot nitrogen and gas phase hydrophobizing agent is prepared, hot nitrogen is introduced into the liquid phase hydrophobizing agent, the liquid phase hydrophobizing agent is heated by the hot nitrogen to evaporate the obtained gas phase hydrophobizing agent, and the gas phase hydrophobizing agent is introduced into the hydrophobic drying box 8 along with the hot nitrogen through the air injection assembly 13. According to the invention, the gel felt is subjected to hydrophobization treatment by adopting the gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent, the gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent can be rapidly diffused, dead angles are eliminated, diffusion time is shortened, the consumption of the hydrophobizing reagent is reduced, hydrophobizing efficiency is improved, a large amount of solvent replacement after the traditional hydrophobizing reaction is finished can be avoided, and the whole preparation process is simple in process.
In this example, the hydrophobicizing agent is methyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, diethyldimethoxysilane, triethylmethoxysilane, triethylethoxysilane, diethyldiethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisilazane, heptamethyldisiloxane, heptamethyldisilazane, chloropropyltriethoxysilane, chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane, dimethoxybis (2-methylpropyl) silane, bistrimethylsilomethisilane, bis (1, 2-methyldisilyl) ethane, bis (1, 2-trichlorosilyl) ethane, bis (1, 2-methyldimethoxysilyl) ethane, bis (1, 2-methyldiethoxyethane, bis (1, 2-trimethoxysilyl) ethane, bis (1, 2-triethoxysilane), trimethyloctyl ethane, dichlorosilane or a dichlorosilane.
According to the silica aerogel felt, the hydrophobicity of the prepared silica aerogel felt is 85.0% -99.0%.
According to the invention, the wet gel felt is subjected to hydrophobization treatment by blowing the gel felt in the hydrophobization drying box 8 by using a gas phase hydrophobizing reagent with hot nitrogen, and meanwhile, the organic solvent in the wet gel is brought out, and meanwhile, the hydrophobization and drying treatment of the silica wet gel felt are realized. The preparation method can continuously prepare the hydrophobic aerogel under normal pressure, can obviously shorten the preparation period of the conventional hydrophobic aerogel and reduce the production cost, and the aerogel felt drying process and the hydrophobization treatment of the aerogel are carried out simultaneously, so that the operation is easy, the hydrophobicity of the prepared hydrophobic silica aerogel is 85.0% -99.0%, and the hydrophobization effect is good. In other embodiments, the re-drying may also be performed, including one or more of ethanol supercritical drying, CO2 supercritical drying, atmospheric drying, and freeze drying.
In the above embodiment, the air injection assembly includes a first air injection assembly in communication with the first air inlet pipe and a second air injection assembly in communication with the second air inlet pipe; in other embodiments, only the first air jet assembly or only the second air jet assembly, or the first air jet assembly, the second air jet assembly, and the third air jet assembly may be provided depending on the tensioned gel mat.
In the above embodiment, the tensioning roller set includes a first tensioning roller disposed at the felt inlet, a second tensioning roller disposed at the felt outlet, a third tensioning roller, and a fourth tensioning roller, where the third tensioning roller is disposed between the first tensioning roller and the second tensioning roller, the fourth tensioning roller is disposed between the first tensioning roller and the second tensioning roller, and the third tensioning roller and the fourth tensioning roller are disposed at corresponding intervals from top to bottom; in other embodiments, the tensioning roller set includes a first tensioning roller disposed at the felt inlet, a second tensioning roller disposed at the felt outlet, a third tensioning roller, a fourth tensioning roller, and a fifth tensioning roller, wherein the third tensioning roller is disposed between the first tensioning roller and the second tensioning roller, the fourth tensioning roller is disposed between the first tensioning roller and the second tensioning roller, the fifth tensioning roller is disposed between the first tensioning roller and the second tensioning roller, and the third tensioning roller, the fourth tensioning roller, and the fifth tensioning roller are disposed at intervals up and down.
In the above embodiment, a wind shielding assembly is further disposed in the hydrophobic drying oven, the wind shielding assembly includes a first wind shielding assembly and a second wind shielding assembly, and the air injection assembly is located between the first wind shielding assembly and the second wind shielding assembly in the up-down direction; in other embodiments, the wind shielding assembly may be provided without, with only the first wind shielding assembly, or with only the second wind shielding assembly.
In the embodiment, a purge valve is arranged outside the felt inlet of the drainage drying box and is used for purging the preheating gas to the fiber felt; in other embodiments, the purge valve may not be provided; alternatively, the preheating of the gel-mat is performed by radiant heating or by preheating gas conduction heating.
In the above embodiment, the winding roller set includes a first winding roller and a second winding roller, where the first winding roller and the second winding roller are arranged at left and right intervals, the second winding roller is located below the first winding roller, the liquid collecting tank is located right below the second winding roller, and the second winding roller is arranged up and down correspondingly to the felt inlet of the dewatering drying box; in other embodiments, the winding roller set comprises a first winding roller, a second winding roller and a third winding roller, wherein the first winding roller, the second winding roller and the third winding roller are arranged at left and right intervals, the second winding roller is positioned below the first winding roller and the third winding roller, and the liquid collecting tank is positioned right below the second winding roller.
In the above embodiment, in S3, the gel felt firstly blows the preheating gas to the gel felt through the purge valve to perform the preheating treatment on the gel felt; then nitrogen is introduced into the hydrophobic drying box through the first air injection assembly, and then hot nitrogen and mixed gas of the gas phase hydrophobizing agent are respectively injected into the hydrophobic drying box through the second air injection assembly; in other embodiments, the gel felt may not be preheated by the purge valve; or when gas is introduced into the hydrophobic drying box, hot nitrogen and a gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent are directly sprayed into the hydrophobic drying box at the same time, and the nitrogen and the gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent are independently heated.

Claims (8)

1. An apparatus for preparing a silica aerogel blanket comprising:
and (3) a gum dipping tank: the glue dipping tank is internally provided with a pressing roller for pressing the fiber felt into the sol;
liquid collecting tank: is arranged at one side of the gum dipping tank, a winding roller group is arranged above the liquid collecting tank, the fiber felt body after gum dipping is gelled between a gum dipping tank and a hydrophobic drying box to form a gel felt, and the winding roller group is a hot roller;
hydrophobic drying cabinet: the drainage drying box is provided with a felt inlet and a felt outlet, and a tensioning mechanism and a drying assembly are arranged in the drainage drying box;
the tensioning mechanism comprises a tensioning roller set, and the tensioning roller set is used for tensioning the gel felt between the felt inlet and the felt outlet;
the drying assembly comprises an air injection assembly communicated with the air inlet pipe, the air injection assembly comprises an air distribution row and a plurality of hot air knives communicated with the air distribution row, air outlets of the hot air knives are aligned with the tensioned gel felt, and the air injection assembly is used for injecting preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobizing agent to the gel felt; an exhaust hole for discharging gas is reserved on the drainage drying box;
the felt inlet is arranged at the bottom of the drainage drying box, the felt outlet is arranged at the top of the drainage drying box, and the felt inlet and the felt outlet are arranged up and down correspondingly; the tensioning roller set comprises a first tensioning roller arranged at the felt inlet, a second tensioning roller arranged at the felt outlet, a third tensioning roller and a fourth tensioning roller, wherein the third tensioning roller and the fourth tensioning roller are positioned between the first tensioning roller and the second tensioning roller, and the third tensioning roller and the fourth tensioning roller are correspondingly arranged at intervals up and down; preheating the gel felt by heating equipment before the gel felt enters a hydrophobic drying box;
the air jet assembly is positioned between the first air shielding assembly and the second air shielding assembly in the up-down direction, the first air shielding assembly comprises a first supporting plate fixed on the inner wall of the hydrophobic drying box and a first air shielding film fixed on the first supporting plate, and the first air shielding film is in contact with the fourth tensioning roller; the second wind shielding assembly comprises a second supporting plate fixed on the inner wall of the hydrophobic drying box and a second wind shielding film fixed on the first supporting plate, and the second wind shielding film is in contact with the third tensioning roller.
2. The apparatus for preparing a silica aerogel blanket of claim 1 wherein the air jet assembly comprises a first air jet assembly in communication with a first air inlet conduit and a second air jet assembly in communication with a second air inlet conduit.
3. The device for preparing the silica aerogel felt according to claim 2, wherein the winding roller group comprises a first winding roller and a second winding roller, the first winding roller and the second winding roller are arranged at left and right intervals, the second winding roller is positioned below the first winding roller, the liquid collecting tank is positioned right below the second winding roller, and the second winding roller is arranged correspondingly up and down to the felt inlet of the hydrophobic drying box.
4. A method for producing a silica aerogel blanket according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: unreeling the fiber roll felt, immersing the fiber felt body into a dipping tank under the action of a press roller for dipping treatment, and dipping the fiber felt body into sol to obtain a wet fiber felt combined with the sol;
s2: the wet fiber felt after the dipping treatment passes through a winding roller set, the dropped sol is collected into a liquid collecting tank, and the sol is gelled to form a gel felt before entering a hydrophobic drying box;
s3: the gel felt passes through a hydrophobic drying box, and the tensioned gel felt is purged with preheated nitrogen and a gas phase hydrophobic reagent in the hydrophobic drying box to obtain a dry aerogel felt.
5. The method for preparing a silica aerogel blanket according to claim 4, wherein in S3, the gel blanket is pre-heated by blowing a pre-heating gas through a purge valve to the gel blanket; and then nitrogen is introduced into the hydrophobic drying box through the first air injection assembly, and then hot nitrogen and mixed gas of the gas-phase hydrophobizing agent are injected into the hydrophobic drying box through the second air injection assembly.
6. The method for preparing a silica aerogel blanket according to claim 4, wherein in S3, the gel blanket is pre-heated by blowing a pre-heating gas through a purge valve to the gel blanket; hot nitrogen and a gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent are directly sprayed into the hydrophobizing drying box at the same time, and the nitrogen and the gas-phase hydrophobizing reagent are independently heated.
7. The method for preparing the silica aerogel felt according to claim 5, wherein the hot nitrogen and the mixed gas of the gas phase hydrophobizing agent are introduced into the liquid phase hydrophobizing agent during the preparation, the liquid phase hydrophobizing agent is heated by the hot nitrogen to evaporate the obtained gas phase hydrophobizing agent, and the gas phase hydrophobizing agent is introduced into the hydrophobic drying box along with the hot nitrogen through the air injection assembly.
8. A silica aerogel blanket produced by a method of producing a silica aerogel blanket according to any of claims 4-7, wherein the hydrophobic silica aerogel blanket produced has a hydrophobicity of 85.0% to 99.0%.
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CN202430590U (en) * 2011-12-14 2012-09-12 常州英来机械有限公司 Sizing device for wet-process thin-felt production line

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