CN117285326A - Hydrophobic aerogel product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hydrophobic aerogel product and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117285326A CN117285326A CN202210685970.4A CN202210685970A CN117285326A CN 117285326 A CN117285326 A CN 117285326A CN 202210685970 A CN202210685970 A CN 202210685970A CN 117285326 A CN117285326 A CN 117285326A
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- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 242
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004569 hydrophobicizing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- KSCAZPYHLGGNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCCl KSCAZPYHLGGNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KNTKCYKJRSMRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropyl-dimethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCCl KNTKCYKJRSMRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(diethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(CC)OCC ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(dimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(OC)OC VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHYFIJRXGOQNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-bis(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)C[Si](OC)(CC(C)C)OC NHYFIJRXGOQNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLNAFSPCNATQPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-dimethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)C=C ZLNAFSPCNATQPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)C=C WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DFJDZTPFNSXNAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(triethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(CC)CC DFJDZTPFNSXNAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)C RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)C POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical group CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSMNRKGGHXLZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(trimethylsilyl)methanamine Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N(C)[Si](C)(C)C ZSMNRKGGHXLZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUZZQXYTKNNCOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(methoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(CC)OC HUZZQXYTKNNCOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBAALNCKQCMFDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylsilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[SiH](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC JBAALNCKQCMFDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrophobic aerogel product and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: s1: paving a hydrophobic modification part on the surface of the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, so that the hydrophobic modification part is clung to the fiber composite material; s2: winding the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment obtained in the step S1 and the hydrophobic modification piece together to form a winding body which is arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circle center and is used for the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment and the hydrophobic modification piece; s3: placing the coil body in a hydrophobic device for hydrophobic treatment to obtain a hydrophobic fiber composite material; the hydrophobic modification piece is tightly attached to the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment all the time, so that the hydrophobic reagent on the hydrophobic modification piece can be uniformly impregnated into the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, and furthermore, the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment and the hydrophobic modification piece are wound into a roll body and then placed in a hydrophobic device for hydrophobic treatment, and the hydrophobic modification treatment has higher efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerogel hydrophobicity, and particularly relates to a hydrophobic aerogel product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aerogel is a gel material with a dispersion medium as gas, and has a highly crosslinked continuous three-dimensional grid nano hollow structure inside, and has a large specific surface area (500-1300 m 2 /g), low density (30-150 Kg/m 3 ) High porosity (85% -99%), small average pore diameter (2-50 nm), and low thermal conductivity (0.01-0.02W/m.K) than room temperature air. Is currently recognized as the solid material with the lowest thermal conductivity. The silica aerogel and the felt thereof have unique physical and chemical characteristics, and can be widely researched and applied in the aspects of aerospace, chemical industry, energy-saving building, heat insulation, catalyst carrier, optics, acoustics and the like.
The existing preparation technology of the silica aerogel felt is mainly divided into two parts, namely: gel preparation and gel drying. Silica gel to be dried is generally prepared by hydrolysis, gel formation, aging, and hydrophobization using a silicon source, a solvent, and a catalyst, and then aerogel is obtained by drying the gel. The conventional hydrophobization method is that after the gel reaction of the impregnated felt body is completed, the impregnated felt body is placed in a prepared hydrophobization solution for hydrophobization treatment, and then the hydrophobized gel felt is taken out and transported into a drying reaction kettle for drying treatment, so that the aerogel felt is prepared. Although the hydrophobized silica aerogel felt can be obtained by the method, in actual production, when the impregnated felt is placed in the prepared hydrophobization solution, the hydrophobization solution is dissolved and infiltrated into the impregnated felt to carry out hydrophobization modification treatment, so that the hydrophobization degree of the impregnated felt is uneven, the effect of the hydrophobization modification of the impregnated felt is affected, and the hydrophobization treatment efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a hydrophobic aerogel product, which aims to solve the technical problems of poor hydrophobic modification effect and low hydrophobic modification efficiency of a gum dipping felt in the prior art; in addition, the invention also provides a hydrophobic aerogel product.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the surface hydrophobicity modifying method for aerogel products comprises the following steps:
a method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel article, comprising the steps of:
s1: paving a hydrophobic modification part on the surface of the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, so that the hydrophobic modification part is clung to the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment;
s2: winding the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment obtained in the step S1 and the hydrophobic modification piece together to form a winding body which is arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circle center and is used for the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment and the hydrophobic modification piece;
s3: and placing the roll body in a hydrophobic device for hydrophobic treatment to obtain the hydrophobic chemical fiber composite material.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, the hydrophobic modification piece is paved on the surface of the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, so that the hydrophobic modification piece is tightly attached to the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, and then the hydrophobic modification piece and the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment are wound together to form a winding body which is arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circle center; therefore, the hydrophobic modified piece is always clung to the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, so that the hydrophobic reagent on the hydrophobic modified piece can be uniformly impregnated into the fiber composite material, the fiber composite material and the hydrophobic modified piece are wound into a roll body, and then the roll body is placed in a hydrophobic device for hydrophobic treatment, the fiber composite material subjected to hydrophobic treatment at one time is increased, and the higher efficiency of the hydrophobic modification treatment is ensured.
Further, the hydrophobic modifier is a breathable fibrous body impregnated with a hydrophobizing agent or a cloth impregnated with a hydrophobizing agent.
The beneficial effects are that: first, the breathable fibrous body or cloth acts as a carrier for the hydrophobizing agent, capable of impregnating a quantity of hydrophobizing agent; secondly, the breathable fiber body or cloth is softer, can deform along with the fiber composite material when the fiber composite material is wound and is arranged closely to the fiber composite material; third, the air-permeable fiber body or cloth has a certain pore space therein, which can allow air to flow therethrough and has a certain air permeability.
In S1, the fiber composite material is a wet gel felt that is gelled after the fiber material is impregnated with a sol.
The beneficial effects are that: the hydrophobic modification method of the present invention can begin at the time of wet gel felt.
Further, the water draining device is a closed container, a heating device is arranged in the closed container, the heating device heats the closed container, and the temperature is controlled to be 35-60 ℃.
The beneficial effects are that: placing the coil body in a drainage device, and heating the closed container by a heating device; firstly, heating is helpful for evaporating and diffusing the hydrophobic reagent in the hydrophobic device, so that the impregnation of the hydrophobic reagent on the fiber composite material is accelerated, the time of the hydrophobic treatment is shortened, and the efficiency of the hydrophobic treatment is ensured; secondly, the hydrophobic reagent is evaporated and diffused, so that the hydrophobic reagent is more uniformly impregnated on the fiber composite material, and the quality of the hydrophobic treatment is ensured; thirdly, the temperature is controlled at 35-60 ℃ so as to ensure the diffusion effect of the hydrophobic reagent.
And drying the hydrophobic chemical fiber composite material.
The beneficial effects are that: the hydrophobized composite material may be dried in a hydrophobic means by passing a supercritical fluid through the hydrophobic means to dry the wet gel felt. Further, the supercritical fluid is supercritical ethanol or supercritical carbon dioxide. And introducing supercritical fluid into the hydrophobic device to dry the hydrophobic treated fiber composite material, and performing hydrophobic and drying process steps in the same device to avoid felt damage in the transfer process due to repeated movement of the felt and influence on the performance of a final product.
The hydrophobized fiber composite material may be dried by taking out from the hydrophobizing apparatus, and drying the taken-out hydrophobized fiber composite material by placing it in a supercritical drying apparatus, or drying the hydrophobized fiber composite material at normal pressure, or freeze-drying the hydrophobized fiber composite material. Therefore, the hydrophobic fiber composite material can be taken out of the hydrophobic device as soon as possible, the hydrophobic fiber composite material is prevented from occupying the hydrophobic device for too long, and the quick turnover of the hydrophobic device is realized.
In S1, the fiber composite material is an aerogel felt obtained by impregnating a fiber material with sol, and then performing gel and drying.
The beneficial effects are that: the hydrophobic modification method can start from the dried aerogel felt, so that the hydrophobic modification method has more application occasions.
In S2, the outside of the roll is wrapped with an airtight film.
The beneficial effects are that: the evaporating hydrophobic reagent is prevented from escaping from the film, so that the hydrophobic reagent is ensured to fall on the aerogel felt as much as possible, and further, the hydrophobic modification of the aerogel felt is ensured to have higher quality.
Further, the hydrophobic device is a closed container, and the coiled material is placed in the closed container to carry out hydrophobic modification treatment on the coiled material.
The beneficial effects are that: the coil body comprising the hydrophobic modification piece and the fiber composite material is placed in a closed container, and the hydrophobic solution on the hydrophobic modification piece gradually diffuses into the fiber composite material, so that the hydrophobic reagent can be uniformly impregnated into the fiber composite material; the fiber composite material and the hydrophobic modification piece are wound into a roll body, and then the roll body is placed in a hydrophobic device for hydrophobic treatment, so that the fiber composite material subjected to hydrophobic treatment at one time is increased, and the higher efficiency of the hydrophobic modification treatment is ensured.
The surface of the fiber composite material can be provided with a plurality of layers of hydrophobic modification parts which are impregnated with a hydrophobizing agent.
The beneficial effects are that: the hydrophobic modification parts are provided with a plurality of layers which can be impregnated with more hydrophobic reagents, and meanwhile, the distances between the fiber composite materials of two adjacent layers can be increased by the multi-layer hydrophobic modification parts, so that an air permeable layer for air circulation is formed between the fiber composite materials of the two adjacent layers, and the effective diffusion of the hydrophobic reagents on the hydrophobic modification is ensured; if the fiber composite material is wet gel felt, the arrangement of the hydrophobic modification parts of the multiple layers also serves as a separation layer in the drying process of the wet gel felt, and a channel for air circulation is formed between the fiber composite materials of two adjacent layers, so that poor drying effect of the wet gel felt due to the adhesion of the two adjacent layers of wet gel felt in the drying process is avoided.
The hydrophobic aerogel product is prepared by the preparation method of the hydrophobic aerogel product.
The prepared hydrophobic aerogel product can be subjected to a cutting process to prepare a hydrophobic aerogel sheet product which is used in the fields of new energy and the like.
Detailed Description
The method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel article of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the detailed description:
specific example 1: the preparation method of the hydrophobic aerogel product comprises the following steps:
s1: and paving a hydrophobic modification part on the surface of the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, so that the hydrophobic modification part is clung to the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment.
In this example, the fiber composite material is a silica wet gel felt that is gelled after the fiber material is impregnated with a silica sol.
The hydrophobic modifier is a breathable fibrous body impregnated with a hydrophobizing agent. The breathable fiber body has the following advantages as a carrier of the hydrophobizing agent: first, the breathable fibrous body or cloth acts as a carrier for the hydrophobizing agent, capable of impregnating a quantity of hydrophobizing agent; secondly, the breathable fiber body or cloth is softer, can deform and is arranged closely to the fiber composite material when the fiber composite material is wound; third, the air-permeable fiber body or cloth has a certain pore space therein, which can allow air to flow therethrough and has a certain air permeability.
The hydrophobicizing agent is methyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, diethyldimethoxysilane, triethylmethoxysilane, triethylethoxysilane, diethyldiethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisilazane, heptamethyldisiloxane, heptamethyldisilazane, chloropropyltriethoxysilane, chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane, dimethoxybis (2-methylpropyl) silane, bistrimethylsiloxymethylsilane, bis (1, 2-methyldichlorosilyl) ethane, bis (1, 2-trichlorosilane) ethane, bis (1, 2-methyldiethoxy) ethane, bis (1, 2-trimethoxy) ethane, bis (1, 2-triethoxy) ethane, trioctyl silane, dichlorosilane or the like.
S2: and (3) winding the fiber composite material to be subjected to the hydrophobic treatment obtained in the step (S1) and the hydrophobic modification piece together to form a winding body which is arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circle center and is formed by the fiber composite material to be subjected to the hydrophobic treatment and the hydrophobic modification piece. In this embodiment, the hydrophobic modifier is a single layer.
S3: and placing the roll body in a hydrophobic device for hydrophobic treatment to obtain the hydrophobic chemical fiber composite material.
In this embodiment, the water draining device is a closed container, and the closed container is provided with a heating device, and the heating device heats the closed container. In this embodiment, the heating device is a heating pipe, the heating device is embedded in a side wall of the drainage device, and the setting mode of the heating device and the drainage device provided with the heating device are all in the prior art, which is not described herein. In other embodiments, the heating device may be a device that is disposed outside the hydrophobic device and is capable of heating the inside of the hydrophobic device, and the structure of the heating device is in the prior art, which is not described herein. When the method is specifically used, the heating device is used for heating the closed container to 35-60 ℃ so as to facilitate the evaporation and diffusion of the hydrophobic reagent, thereby accelerating the impregnation of the hydrophobic reagent on the silica wet gel felt and shortening the hydrophobization treatment time; and then drying the hydrophobic chemical fiber composite material, and specifically, introducing supercritical fluid into a hydrophobic device. In this embodiment, the supercritical fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide; the felt is dried by supercritical carbon dioxide. In this example, the drying and modification treatment of the silica wet gel felt under heating conditions required 12 to 15 hours to obtain a hydrophobic silica aerogel felt. The inside certain space that has of hydrophobic means in this embodiment, and be provided with the switch door, place the volume after in the hydrophobic means, close the switch door, the inside interim airtight space that forms of hydrophobic means to make things convenient for the volume to carry out hydrophobic, drying treatment in hydrophobic means inside. In this embodiment, the hydrophobic device further includes a temperature detection device, and specifically, the temperature detection device, the hydrophobic device provided with the heating device and the temperature detection device are all in the prior art, which is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, the preparation process of the silica wet gel felt is the prior art, and will not be described herein.
The surface hydrophobicity modification method for the aerogel product has the following advantages: firstly, carrying out hydrophobic modification treatment and drying treatment simultaneously in the same hydrophobic device, so as to avoid repeated transfer of the felt, and further avoid damage to the felt in the process of repeated transfer and influence on the quality of the generated aerogel felt; secondly, winding the silica wet gel felt to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment and the hydrophobic modification piece together, winding the silica wet gel felt and the hydrophobic modification piece into a roll body, and then placing the roll body in a hydrophobic device, so that the hydrophobic modification piece can be fully contacted with the silica wet gel felt, and a hydrophobizing reagent on the hydrophobic modification piece can be uniformly impregnated on the silica wet gel felt, and the hydrophobic modification treatment of the silica wet gel felt is ensured to have higher quality; thirdly, the closed container of the hydrophobic device is subjected to heating treatment, the high-temperature environment promotes the evaporation and diffusion of the hydrophobizing agent, accelerates the speed of dipping the hydrophobizing agent into the silica wet gel felt, and improves the efficiency of the hydrophobizing modification process; fourth, the hydrophobic modification piece acts as a separation layer in the drying process, and supercritical fluid can pass through the hydrophobic modification piece to enable the hydrophobic modification piece to form an air flow channel between two adjacent layers of silica wet gel felts, so that poor drying effect of the silica wet gel felts caused by adhesion of the two adjacent layers of wet gel felts in the drying process is avoided; fifth, in the process of hydrophobically modifying and drying the silica wet gel felt, one or more rolls of the roll body comprising the silica wet gel felt and the hydrophobically modified member can be simultaneously carried out at a time, and the treatment efficiency is high. The invention also protects a hydrophobic aerogel product prepared by the embodiment, and the hydrophobic silica aerogel felt obtained by the process has a hydrophobic rate of 90% -99.5%.
Specific example 2: the preparation method of the hydrophobic aerogel product comprises the following steps:
s1: and paving a hydrophobic modification part on the surface of the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, so that the hydrophobic modification part is clung to the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment.
In this embodiment, the fiber composite material is a silica aerogel felt obtained by impregnating a fiber material with silica sol, and then performing gel and drying.
The hydrophobic modifier is a breathable fibrous body impregnated with a hydrophobizing agent.
The hydrophobicizing agent is methyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, diethyldimethoxysilane, triethylmethoxysilane, triethylethoxysilane, diethyldiethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisilazane, heptamethyldisiloxane, heptamethyldisilazane, chloropropyltriethoxysilane, chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane, dimethoxybis (2-methylpropyl) silane, bistrimethylsiloxymethylsilane, bis (1, 2-methyldichlorosilyl) ethane, bis (1, 2-trichlorosilane) ethane, bis (1, 2-methyldiethoxy) ethane, bis (1, 2-trimethoxy) ethane, bis (1, 2-triethoxy) ethane, trioctyl silane, dichlorosilane or the like.
S2: and (3) winding the fiber composite material to be subjected to the hydrophobic treatment obtained in the step (S1) and the hydrophobic modification piece together to form a winding body which is arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circle center and is formed by the fiber composite material to be subjected to the hydrophobic treatment and the hydrophobic modification piece. In this embodiment, the hydrophobic modifier is a single layer.
S3: and placing the roll body in a hydrophobic device for hydrophobic treatment to obtain the hydrophobic chemical fiber composite material.
In the embodiment, the hydrophobic device is a closed container, a certain space is formed in the hydrophobic device and is used for placing a coil body comprising a hydrophobic modification part and a fiber composite material, the hydrophobic device is provided with a switch door, after the coil body is placed in the hydrophobic device, the switch door is closed, and a temporary closed space is formed in the hydrophobic device, so that the coil body is convenient to carry out hydrophobic treatment in the hydrophobic device; and placing the roll body comprising the hydrophobic modification part and the silica aerogel felt in a hydrophobic device, and performing hydrophobic modification treatment in a natural state for 20-40h to obtain the hydrophobic silica aerogel felt.
In this embodiment, the heating device is provided to heat the sealed container, in this embodiment, the heating device is a heating pipe, the heating device is embedded in a side wall of the hydrophobic device, and the setting mode of the heating device and the hydrophobic device provided with the heating device are all in the prior art, which are not described herein, in other embodiments, the heating device may be a device that is disposed outside the hydrophobic device and can heat the inside of the hydrophobic device, and the structure of the heating device is in the prior art, which is not described herein. When the device is particularly used, the heating device is used for heating the closed container to 35-60 ℃ so as to facilitate the evaporation and diffusion of the hydrophobic reagent, so that the impregnation of the hydrophobic reagent on the silica aerogel felt is accelerated, and the hydrophobization time is shortened.
In order to further shorten the time of the hydrophobic treatment, in this embodiment, after the end of S2 and before the start of S3, the roll body including the fiber composite material and the hydrophobic modification member wound together is wrapped tightly with the airtight film, and then placed in the hydrophobic device, so that the evaporated hydrophobic reagent can be prevented from escaping from the film, and the hydrophobic reagent is ensured to fall on the silica aerogel felt as much as possible, so that the hydrophobic modification of the silica aerogel felt is ensured to have higher quality.
The surface hydrophobicity modification method for the aerogel product has the following advantages: firstly, winding a silicon dioxide aerogel felt to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment and a hydrophobic modification part together, winding the silicon dioxide aerogel felt and the hydrophobic modification part into a roll body, and then placing the roll body in a hydrophobic device, so that the hydrophobic modification part can be fully contacted with the silicon dioxide aerogel felt, and a hydrophobic reagent on the hydrophobic modification part can be uniformly impregnated on the silicon dioxide aerogel felt, and the higher quality of the hydrophobic modification treatment of the silicon dioxide aerogel felt is ensured; secondly, the hydrophobizing agent is evaporated and diffused in a closed environment, so that the hydrophobizing treatment of the felt body is more uniform, and the evaporated and diffused hydrophobizing agent is only arranged in a hydrophobizing device, so that the escape of hydrophobizing agent gas is prevented, the hydrophobizing treatment time of the silica aerogel felt is shortened, and the high efficiency and high quality of the hydrophobic modification treatment of the silica aerogel felt are ensured; thirdly, in the process of carrying out hydrophobic modification on the silica aerogel felt, one or more rolls of the roll body comprising the silica aerogel felt and the hydrophobic modification piece can be carried out at the same time, and the treatment efficiency is higher. The invention also protects a hydrophobic aerogel product prepared by the embodiment, and the hydrophobic silica aerogel felt obtained by the process has a hydrophobic rate of 90% -99.5%.
In this embodiment, the aerogel felt to be subjected to the hydrophobic treatment is a coiled felt, and compared with the traditional method that the aerogel felt arranged in a coiled manner is placed in the hydrophobic modifier for hydrophobic modification treatment, the method can avoid the phenomenon that the internal hydrophobic effect is poor and the hydrophobic effect is uneven due to too many layers of the fiber composite material. The preparation process of the aerogel felt is the prior art and is not described herein.
In the above embodiment, the fiber composite material is a silica-alumina composite wet gel felt which is gelled after the fiber material is impregnated with alumina sol, or a silica-alumina composite wet gel felt which is gelled after the fiber material is impregnated with silica-alumina composite sol, or a silica-alumina aerogel felt which is gelled and dried after the fiber material is impregnated with alumina sol, or a silica-alumina composite aerogel felt which is gelled and dried after the fiber material is impregnated with silica-alumina composite sol.
In the above embodiment, the hydrophobically modified material is a breathable fibrous body impregnated with a hydrophobicizing agent; in other embodiments, the hydrophobically modified material is a cloth impregnated with a hydrophobicizing agent.
In the above embodiment, the supercritical fluid is introduced into the hydrophobic device; in other embodiments, the supercritical fluid may not be introduced into the dewatering device during the drying and hydrophobizing of the wet gel mat.
In the above embodiment, the supercritical fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide; in other embodiments, the supercritical fluid may also be supercritical ethanol.
In the above embodiment, the hydrophobized composite material is dried in the hydrophobizing apparatus, and in other embodiments, the hydrophobized fiber composite material in the hydrophobizing apparatus may be taken out and dried, and the taken out hydrophobized fiber composite material may be dried by placing it in a supercritical drying apparatus, or the hydrophobized fiber composite material may be dried under normal pressure, or the hydrophobized fiber composite material may be freeze-dried.
In the above embodiment, the hydrophobic modification member may be provided in one layer, in other embodiments, the hydrophobic modification member may be provided in multiple layers, which may be impregnated with more hydrophobic agents, and the multiple layers of hydrophobic modification member may increase the distance between two adjacent layers of fiber composite materials, so as to form a breathable layer between two adjacent layers of fiber composite materials for ventilation, thereby ensuring effective diffusion of the hydrophobic agents in hydrophobic modification; if the fiber composite material is wet gel felt, the arrangement of the hydrophobic modification parts of the multiple layers also serves as a separation layer in the drying process of the wet gel felt, and a channel for air circulation is formed between the fiber composite materials of two adjacent layers, so that poor drying effect of the wet gel felt due to the adhesion of the two adjacent layers of wet gel felt in the drying process is avoided.
In the specific embodiment 2, the closed container is provided with a heating device, and the heating device heats the closed container; in other embodiments, the closed container may not be provided with a heating device.
In the embodiment 2, a roll body comprising a fiber composite material and a hydrophobic modification member which are wound together is tightly wrapped with an airtight film; in other embodiments, the roll comprising the fibrous composite material co-wound with the hydrophobically modified material may also be placed directly on the hydrophobic means without being tightly wrapped with an impermeable film.
Claims (10)
1. A method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel product comprising the steps of:
s1: paving a hydrophobic modification part on the surface of the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, so that the hydrophobic modification part is clung to the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment;
s2: winding the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment obtained in the step S1 and the hydrophobic modification piece together to form a winding body which is arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circle center and is used for the fiber composite material to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment and the hydrophobic modification piece;
s3: and placing the roll body in a hydrophobic device for hydrophobic treatment to obtain the hydrophobic chemical fiber composite material.
2. The method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel product according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the hydrophobic modification is a breathable fiber body impregnated with a hydrophobizing agent or a cloth impregnated with a hydrophobizing agent.
3. The method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel article as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in S1 the fibrous composite is a wet gel felt that is gelled after impregnation of the fibrous material with a sol.
4. A method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel product as claimed in claim 3 wherein the hydrophobic means is a closed vessel provided with heating means for heating the closed vessel and controlling the temperature to between 35 ℃ and 60 ℃.
5. The method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel product as claimed in claim 4, wherein the hydrophobic fiber composite is dried.
6. The method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in S1, the fiber composite is an aerogel blanket obtained by impregnating a fiber material with a sol, and then performing gel and drying.
7. The method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel article as claimed in claim 6, wherein in S2, the gas impermeable film is wrapped around the outside of the roll.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the hydrophobic device is a closed container, and the closed container is provided with a heating device, and the heating device heats the closed container.
9. The method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fiber composite surface can be provided with a plurality of layers of hydrophobic modification impregnated with a hydrophobizing agent.
10. A hydrophobic aerogel article prepared by the method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel article of any of claims 1-9.
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| CN202210685970.4A CN117285326A (en) | 2022-06-17 | 2022-06-17 | Hydrophobic aerogel product and preparation method thereof |
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