CN114650103A - Slurry pulse data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Slurry pulse data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- H04B14/00—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B14/02—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
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- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0036—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the receiver
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Abstract
Provided are a mud pulse data transmission method, a device, equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out pulse signal coding on the first frame of data to be sent according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and send a mud pulse signal; according to a preset signal transmission sequence, pulse signal coding is sequentially carried out on target frame data to be transmitted according to a second signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal until the data to be transmitted are completely transmitted, the transmission time of the mud pulse signal obtained through coding by the second signal coding rule is shorter than that of the mud pulse signal obtained through coding by the first signal coding rule, wherein the target frame data to be transmitted is non-first frame data to be transmitted, and invalid data information in data transmission can be reduced by adjusting the coding rule of the transmitted data, so that the data transmission time is reduced, and the efficiency of the mud pulse data transmission is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data transmission in the field of petroleum exploration, and particularly relates to a slurry pulse data transmission method, a device, equipment and a storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of well logging technology, the influence of geological parameters on the development effect of oil reservoirs is becoming more and more important, so that information uploaded by mud during the drilling process is required, and besides trajectory information of a well bore, including a well inclination angle, an azimuth angle, a tool face angle and the like, a large amount of geological information is also required for judging the position of an oil reservoir, such as natural gamma or azimuth gamma, neutrons, electromagnetic wave resistivity, porosity and the like.
The current transmission modes of pulse signals mainly comprise electromagnetic waves, sound waves and slurry pulses, wherein the slurry pulse transmission mode is most widely and mature in application, and the working principle of the pulse signal transmission mode is that measurement data and real-time working condition information of a downhole instrument are coded into pulse signals through a central control unit (central control for short), and then the pulse signals are transmitted to the ground in real time by taking slurry as a carrier. Due to the nature of the mud delivery channel, typical delivery rates are less than 2 bps. Due to the characteristics of the mud pulse coding protocol, besides effective data information, information such as a time reference is additionally added to one frame of data, and under the condition that data transmission accuracy is met, when a large amount of data needs to be transmitted, a long time is needed to complete signal transmission, so that the real-time property of measurement information cannot be met more and more, and the data transmission efficiency is low, and therefore how to improve the data transmission efficiency of the mud pulse becomes the problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method, an apparatus, a device and a storage medium for transmitting mud pulse data, which can improve the efficiency of mud pulse data transmission.
In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, there is provided a mud pulse data transmission method, applied to a data transmission end, the method comprising the steps of:
carrying out pulse signal coding on the first frame of data to be sent according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and send a mud pulse signal;
according to a preset signal transmission sequence, carrying out pulse signal coding on target frame data to be sent according to a second signal coding rule in sequence to obtain and send a slurry pulse signal until the data to be sent are completely sent, wherein the transmission time of the slurry pulse signal obtained by coding according to the second signal coding rule is shorter than that of the slurry pulse signal obtained by coding according to the first signal coding rule, and the target frame data to be sent is non-first frame data to be sent.
In a second aspect, provided herein is a mud pulse data transmission method, which is applied to a data receiving end, and includes the following steps:
acquiring a downhole mud pulse signal;
acquiring frame attributes of received data corresponding to the mud pulse signals according to the mud pulse signals, wherein the frame attributes comprise a first frame and a target frame;
and decoding the mud pulse signal according to the frame attribute of the received data and a preset coding rule to obtain the underground measurement parameter.
In a third aspect, there is also provided herein a mud pulse data transmission apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the first transmission module is used for carrying out pulse signal coding on the first frame of data to be sent according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and send a mud pulse signal;
and the second transmission module is used for sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on target frame data to be sent according to a second signal coding rule according to a preset signal transmission sequence to obtain and send a slurry pulse signal until the data to be sent are completely sent, wherein the transmission time of the slurry pulse signal obtained by coding according to the second signal coding rule is shorter than that of the slurry pulse signal obtained by coding according to the first signal coding rule, and the target frame data to be sent is non-first frame data to be sent.
In a fourth aspect, there is also provided herein a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method steps as described above when executing the computer program.
In a fifth aspect, there is also provided herein a computer readable storage medium storing an executable computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the method steps as described above. .
The method, the device, the equipment and the storage medium for transmitting the mud pulse data perform signal coding on the first frame of data to be transmitted according to a first signal coding rule and transmit a pulse signal, perform signal coding on subsequent transmitted data according to a second signal coding rule and transmit the pulse signal, and can reduce invalid data information in data transmission by adjusting the coding rule of the transmitted data, so that the time of data transmission is reduced, and the efficiency of mud pulse data transmission is improved.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of a mud pulse signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of data to be transmitted in a first frame in this embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of data to be transmitted in a target frame in this embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating signal encoding structures of a sync header and a first sub-sync header in an embodiment herein;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a signal encoding structure of a second sub-sync header in an embodiment herein;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating further steps of a mud pulse signal transmission method according to an embodiment herein;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of a mud pulse signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating further steps in the mud pulse signal transmission method of embodiments herein;
FIG. 9 shows a flow chart of a mud pulse signal transmission method in an embodiment herein;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a mud pulse signal transmission device in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a mud pulse signal transmission device in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer device in the embodiments herein.
Description of the symbols of the drawings:
10. first frame data to be sent;
11. a synchronization head;
12. a first synchronization head;
13. a first data encoding block;
20. target frame data to be sent;
21. a second synchronization head;
22. a second data encoding block;
100. a first transmission module;
200. a second transmission module;
300. a mud pulse receiving module;
400. a frame attribute determination module;
500. a decoding module;
1202. a computer device;
1204. a processor;
1206. a memory;
1208. a drive mechanism;
1210. an input/output module;
1212. an input device;
1214. an output device;
1216. a presentation device;
1218. a graphical user interface;
1220. a network interface;
1222. a communication link;
1224. a communication bus.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims herein and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments herein described are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
In the prior art, mud pulse transmission is a common data transmission mode in the field of well logging, a central controller at the bottom of a well logging carries out compression coding on data to be transmitted according to an output transmission sequence, after a pump is started and powered on, mud is brought to the ground along a well logging channel, the mud pressure signal is changed according to the data after the compression coding by controlling the action of a pulser, the purpose of modulating the mud pulse signal is achieved, the mud pulse signal is transmitted to the ground along with the circulation of drilling fluid, the ground acquires pressure sensor data in real time, and the pressure data is filtered and decoded to obtain underground real-time information. However, as the amount of transmitted data increases, the transmission time increases, and therefore the real-time performance of the measurement data information transmission is poor, and it is difficult to adapt to the transmission of a large amount of data by using a conventional single signal encoding rule.
In order to solve the above existing problems, in the embodiments of the present specification, a mud pulse signal transmission method is provided, where different signal coding rules are set, that is, a first signal coding rule is applied to first frame data to be transmitted to perform pulse signal coding, a second signal coding rule is applied to target frame data to be transmitted to perform pulse signal coding, and different signal coding rules are set for different frame data, so that on the premise of ensuring signal time reference, time for transmitting a data signal of a target frame can be reduced, and thus data transmission efficiency of mud pulses can be improved.
In the embodiment of the present specification, as shown in fig. 1, a schematic step diagram of a mud pulse signal transmission method provided for the embodiment of the present specification provides the method operation steps described in the embodiment or the flowchart, but more or less operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one manner of performing the steps in a multitude of sequences, and does not represent a unique order of performance. When an actual system or apparatus product executes, it can execute sequentially or in parallel according to the method shown in the embodiment or the figures. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the method may include:
s101: carrying out pulse signal coding on the first frame of data to be sent according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and send a slurry pulse signal;
s102: according to a preset signal transmission sequence, sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on target frame data to be sent according to a second signal coding rule to obtain and send a slurry pulse signal until the data to be sent are completely sent, wherein the transmission time of the slurry pulse signal obtained through coding according to the second signal coding rule is shorter than that of the slurry pulse signal obtained through coding according to the first signal coding rule, and the target frame data to be sent is non-first frame data to be sent.
When data transmission is performed, data to be transmitted is sequentially transmitted according to a transmission sequence, the first frame of data to be transmitted can be understood as effective data transmitted for the first time in the whole transmission sequence, the effective data is data information of measurement data, and the target frame of data to be transmitted can be understood as effective data of the transmission sequence except the first frame of data to be transmitted.
The signal transmission sequence may be a transmission sequence of measurement data, a composition of the measurement data, and a type of the transmission sequence, for example, 0, 1, 2, 3, and the like, the measurement data may include well deviation, azimuth, temperature, roll angle, gamma, voltage, and the like, and the type of the transmission sequence may include a rotation sequence, a non-rotation sequence, a download sequence, and the like, as shown in table 1 below, which configures an information table for a specific transmission sequence in the embodiment of the present specification:
table 1 transmission sequence configuration information table
| Subsynchronous head | Parameter configuration | Type (B) |
| 0 | Well deviation + azimuth + temperature + magnetic dip angle | Non-rotating sequence |
| 1 | Well deviation + azimuth + temperature + voltage | Non-rotating sequence |
| 2 | Well deviation + azimuth + gravity + magnetic field sum | Non-rotating sequence |
| 3 | Gamma 1+ gamma 2+ well deviation | Non-rotating sequence |
| 4 | Gamma 1+ gamma 2+ well deviation + azimuth | Non-rotating sequence |
| 5 | Resistivity 1+ resistivity 2+ well deviation | Non-rotating sequence |
| 6 | Resistivity 1+ resistivity 2+ well deviation + azimuth | Non-rotating sequence |
| 7 | Well deviation + rotation azimuth + temperature + magnetic inclination angle | Sequence of rotations |
| 8 | Well deviation + rotation orientation + temperature + voltage | Sequence of rotations |
| 9 | Well deviation + rotational orientation + gravity sum + magnetic field sum | Sequence of |
| 10 | Upper gamma + lower gamma + well deviation | Sequence of |
| 11 | Upper gamma + lower gamma + well deviation + rotational orientation | Sequence of |
| 12 | Azimuthal resistivity 1+ azimuthal resistivity 2+ well deviation | Sequence of |
| 13 | Azimuthal resistivity 1+ azimuthal resistivity 2+ well deviation + rotational azimuth | Sequence of rotations |
| 14 | Magnitude of the guiding force + direction of the guiding force | Download sequence |
| 15 | Guiding force magnitude + guiding force direction + upward transmission order | Download sequence |
In practical work, different signal transmission sequences can be set according to different logging information, when measurement data are transmitted, the measurement data can be repeatedly transmitted according to a preset signal transmission sequence, namely when a signal transmission sequence completing a process is transmitted, the measurement data can be transmitted again according to the same sequence, the same transmission sequence is circulated, in other embodiments, different signal transmission sequences can be set, after a transmission sequence is transmitted, the transmission of different transmission sequences can be continued, and the specific transmission process is not limited in the specification.
It should be noted that, when the pulse signal transmitted according to the signal transmission sequence is transmitted under the logging, it is also necessary to receive the pulse signal according to the signal transmission sequence during the ground reception, that is, accurate measurement data can be obtained during the pulse signal decoding.
In actual work, a signal transmission sequence can be configured in advance on the ground and stored in a memory of a central controller, specifically, the signal transmission sequence can be downloaded to the central controller in a serial port communication protocol mode, and also can be stored in a server, and the central controller is connected with the server to download and store the signal transmission sequence. The central controller controls the compression coding of the downhole data, and the accurate type and sequence of the downhole measurement data can be obtained through decoding according to the signal transmission sequence configured on the ground.
In a further embodiment, in order to ensure that a signal transmission sequence stored in the underground central controller is consistent with information configured on the ground, simulation verification can be performed before actual work, specifically, a pulse signal is sent according to the signal transmission sequence stored in the central controller in a simulation mode, pulse signal pressure data are collected in real time through a pressure sensor, corresponding data information is obtained by decoding the pressure data, final data information is obtained by combining the signal transmission sequence, and the final data information is compared with the preset data, so that whether the signal transmission sequence stored in the underground central controller is consistent with the information configured on the ground or not is judged, and therefore it can be ensured that the pulse signal obtained underground can obtain real and reliable measurement data after being decoded.
Due to the characteristics of the pulse transmission data, the transmitted measurement data needs to be preprocessed before being pulse-coded, the preprocessed measurement data can be identified by the central controller and controls the pulser to perform signal modulation, in this embodiment of the present specification, the measurement can be compressed and encoded by a binary system, for example, when the measurement data is 3, the binary system is represented as 11, and in addition, the serial number representing the data transmission sequence also needs to be compressed and encoded, for example, as shown in table 1, the serial number of the third frame data is 2, the binary system is represented as 10, the binary system compressed data is convenient for representing the data in the form of a pulse, for example, in a manchester coding manner, a pulse signal is generated from low jump to high jump or from high jump to low jump, the signal level is represented as 1, and from high to low jump is represented as 0, so when the actual data is transmitted, the binary data is output by modulating the high-low variation of the pulse signal, and in some other embodiments, the pulse signal may also be transmitted by other coding manners, which is not limited in this specification.
In the embodiment of the present description, different encoding rules are applied to the first frame of data to be transmitted and the target frame of data to be transmitted, and compared with the conventional technique in which the same encoding rule is applied to both the first frame and the target frame, in this embodiment, the transmission time obtained by encoding according to the second signal encoding rule is shorter than the transmission time obtained by encoding according to the first signal encoding rule, so that in the whole signal transmission sequence process, the transmission time is reduced, and thus the efficiency of data transmission is improved, and meanwhile, the real-time performance of data transmission can be improved by reducing the transmission time of the target frame, which facilitates the transmission of a large amount of data.
In this embodiment of the present specification, as shown in fig. 2, the first frame of data to be transmitted 10 includes a sync header 11, a first sub-sync header 12, and a first data encoding block 13; the sync header 11 is used to provide a time reference of a signal transmission sequence, i.e. a start time of all data transmissions, the first sub-sync header 12 is used to provide sequence information of the signal transmission, and the first data coding block 13 is used to represent original value information of transmission data.
It can be understood that, by setting the sync header 11 in the first frame of data to be transmitted 10, the start position of data reception can be determined, that is, the position of the first frame is determined, so as to realize continuous reception of pulse signals, therefore, to ensure that the sync header can be accepted and captured, a longer transmission time is required for the sync header during encoding, that is, more pulses with fixed pulse width, for example, 8 pulses with fixed pulse width of 2s can be set, so that the transmission time of the sync header is 16s, in actual operation, the same level change can be set at the middle position of the sync header, and the level change opposite to the middle position can be set at the head and the tail ends, so as to facilitate identification of the sync header, for example, two pulses at the head and tail ends are set to be high level and to be low level, the pulse at the middle position is set to be low level and to be high level, the first sync is only for representing the serial number of the transmitted data, thus, the attribute of the current frame data is determined according to the sequence number, so that different transmission time is required according to different sequence numbers, namely, different numbers of fixed pulse widths are required.
In the embodiment of the present specification, as shown in fig. 3, the data 20 to be transmitted in the target frame includes a second sub-sync header 21 and a second data coding block 22, where the second sub-sync header 21 is used to provide a time reference and sequence information for signal transmission in the target frame, i.e. a start time when each frame is received, and also may represent the sequence information of each frame, and the second data coding block 22 is used to represent an offset value of a real value of the transmission data in the target frame from that in the transmission data in the first frame.
It can be understood that the second sub-synchronization head 21 and the first sub-synchronization head 12 use different pulse encoding methods, thereby implementing different functions, i.e. the second sync header 21, can fulfill the functions of time reference and sequence information, and at the same time, as the borehole trajectory and the real-time working condition generally change slowly in the drilling process, the difference of the transmission data of adjacent frames is not very large, therefore, the second data coding block is only expressed by the form of the offset value, the transmission quality can be ensured, the transmission time of the data coding block can be reduced, therefore, the transmission time of the whole target frame is reduced, and therefore, only the second-time synchronous head 21 and the second data coding block 22 are arranged in the data to be transmitted of the target frame, compared with the mode arranged in the first frame, the time of all data transmission can be reduced, the data transmission efficiency is improved, and the real-time performance of data transmission is improved.
The first data encoding block 13 and the second data encoding block 22 are both provided with valid data values and verification values, the valid data values represent original values or bias values of transmission measurement data, and the verification values are used for checking whether the decoded valid data are correct or not, for example, even parity is adopted, that is, if there are even numbers of 1 in the data, the verification value is 0, if there are odd numbers of 1 in the data, the verification value is 1, for example, if one data is encoded by 8 bits, 9 bits are used for encoding transmission, and the last bit is a verification value, for example, 010010101. Through the setting of verification value, avoid the omission or the increase of output, further guarantee the authenticity and the reliability of data.
In an embodiment of the present specification, the first signal encoding rule includes pulse encoding the sync header, the first sub-sync header, and the first data encoding block by a first pulse signal in this order; the second signal encoding rule includes pulse encoding the second sync header by a second pulse signal and pulse encoding the second data encoding block by a first pulse signal, wherein a pulse width of the second pulse signal is greater than a pulse width of the first pulse signal.
It should be noted that, the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are both coded and modulated by the same coding principle, such as manchester coding, but the coding parameters are different, where the first pulse signal may be a conventional pulse, and the transmission time of the pulse signal is a preset pulse width (PW1), as shown in fig. 4, the first pulse signal is a schematic signal coding diagram of data to be sent in the first frame, and the pulse width of the second pulse signal is greater than the pulse width of the first pulse signal, and may be understood as a fat pulse, and the pulse width of the second pulse signal is PW2, and PW2> PW 1.
After the first frame of data to be transmitted has realized the function of time reference, the subsequent frame can conveniently realize the time reference according to the continuous reception of the pulse signal, the time reference can be realized through the fat pulse modulated by the second pulse signal, so as to determine different target frame data.
In some other embodiments, the pulse width of the second pulse signal may also be smaller than that of the first pulse signal, and although the smaller pulse width is not easily identified in actual operation, resulting in poor accuracy of the time reference of different frame data, the smaller pulse width may reduce the transmission time of a single frame, thereby reducing the time for transmitting the whole transmission sequence data, and improving the efficiency and real-time performance of data transmission.
In a specific embodiment, the PW2 is (1.2-2) PW1, which can ensure that a fat pulse can be identified in time, so as to avoid that an excessively long pulse width of the fat pulse affects fast identification of a target frame, thereby affecting transmission efficiency, and preferably, the PW2 is 1.5PW 1.
In this embodiment, the second synchronization header may further provide sequence numbers of signal transmission, and thus, as shown in fig. 5, the encoding of the second synchronization header includes: determining sequence information corresponding to the target frame data to be sent; determining the structural composition of the second-time synchronization head according to the sequence information; and continuously generating two second pulse signals according to the structural composition of the second synchronous head, wherein a preset time is arranged between the two second pulse signals, and the preset time is used for representing sequence information of data to be sent of the target frame. Specifically, the structure of the second synchronization header is formed by adding the preset time to two fat pulses, and a functional relationship between the preset time and the sequence number may be set, so that the sequence number may be represented by the preset time, for example: and S is delta t/(0.5PW1), S is a sequence number, and delta t is preset time, so that the second synchronous head can realize the functions of time reference and sequence number only by modulating two pulse signals and the time difference between the two pulse signals, the modulation times of the pulses are reduced, and the modulation efficiency is improved.
It should be noted that, in order to reduce the transmission time of the second synchronization header and improve the data transmission efficiency, the smaller the preset time is, the better the preset time is, so that other functional relationships of the preset time may also be set, and the smaller the preset time can reflect all sequence numbers, and the specific functional relationship is not limited in the embodiment of the present specification.
Since the second data encoding block in the data to be transmitted in the target frame represents the offset value of the actually transmitted data, in order to avoid the reliability of the transmitted data from being reduced due to an excessively large offset value, as shown in fig. 6, on the basis of the above steps, the following steps may be further included:
s103: judging whether data information corresponding to a second data coding block in target frame data to be sent exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
s104: and if the data information corresponding to the second data coding block in the target frame data to be sent exceeds a preset threshold value, updating the next frame data to be sent of the target frame to be the first frame data to be sent, and repeating the steps of pulse signal coding and sending of the data to be sent.
Different preset thresholds can be set according to different parameters, and the preset thresholds can be understood as transmission ranges of the bias values, that is, different parameters correspond to different bias value transmission ranges, in a frame of data, when multiple sets of parameter configurations are present, the preset threshold may also be multiple, when at least one data in a frame of data exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, the requirement of step S103 is met, optionally, the offset value is transmitted within a range of ± 20% of the full range of the transmission parameter, e.g., the full scale is 80 ℃ when the underground temperature range is-30 ℃ to 50 ℃, so the preset threshold value is-16 ℃ to 16 ℃, in some other embodiments, the preset threshold is different according to different measurement parameters, logging information and geological environment, and is not limited in this embodiment.
When the data information corresponding to the second data coding block exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the offset value of the transmission of the subsequent frame data is large, and the reliability is gradually reduced, so that the data to be transmitted of the next frame of the target frame can be updated to the data to be transmitted of the first frame, and thus the data to be transmitted of the next frame can be pulse-coded by the first signal coding rule, so that the data to be transmitted of the next frame can realize accurate time reference and the original value of the transmission measurement data, that is, the data to be transmitted of the first frame of the second cycle is used as the data to be transmitted of the target frame, and the data to be transmitted is pulse-coded and transmitted by the second signal coding rule of the subsequent frame, it should be noted that the pulse coding mode is updated by the second cycle in the embodiment of the present specification, but the signal transmission sequence can be kept continuous, and the sequence of the signal transmission sequence can be isolated from the mode of the data pulse coding, this allows for maintaining consistency in the signal transmission sequence downhole and at the surface.
Based on the same inventive concept, on the basis of the above implementation of sending downhole pulse signals, the embodiments of the present specification further provide a mud pulse signal transmission method, where the method is used at a receiving end of a ground pulse, and includes steps of receiving and decoding a pulse signal, and as shown in fig. 7, the method may include:
s201: acquiring a downhole mud pulse signal;
s202: acquiring frame attributes of received data corresponding to the pulse signals according to the mud pulse signals, wherein the frame attributes comprise a first frame and a target frame;
s203: and decoding the mud pulse signal according to the frame attribute of the received data and a preset coding rule to obtain the underground measurement parameter.
The ground pressure sensor collects pulse pressure signals in the slurry in real time, and judges frame attributes according to the received pulse pressure signals, for example, when only a first pulse signal is received in the pulse signals, or a synchronization head is identified through the first pulse signal, the frame attribute is a first frame, a subsequent frame is a target frame, and the identification of the target frame is a second synchronization head when a second pulse signal different from the first pulse signal is identified, or the second synchronization head is identified through the second pulse signal, so that the target frame is judged.
In a further embodiment, in order to improve the accuracy and reliability of data decoding, after receiving the pulse signal, filtering may be performed, so as to avoid the hardness of the interference signal and improve the accuracy of data transmission of the pulse signal.
On the basis of the above steps, as shown in fig. 8, step S203 may further include the steps of:
s2031: when the received data is first frame data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a decoding rule corresponding to a first signal coding rule to obtain a downhole first frame measurement parameter;
s2032: and when the received data is target frame data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a decoding rule corresponding to a second signal coding rule to obtain underground target frame measurement data.
According to the above-mentioned specific implementation of the first signal encoding rule and the second signal encoding rule, the corresponding decoding rule can be obtained, that is, the first frame data is decoded by using the decoding rule corresponding to the first signal encoding rule, the target frame data is decoded by using the decoding rule corresponding to the second signal encoding rule, and then the decimal system is restored according to the data compression encoding mode, such as the binary system mode, to obtain the real data.
As shown in fig. 9, which is a flowchart of a mud pulse signal transmission method in an embodiment of this specification, first, preparation is performed before downhole, transmission sequence information configured on the ground is downloaded to a memory of a central controller through a serial port communication protocol, then, ground analog pulse decoding is performed to ensure that the transmission sequence configuration information stored in the central controller is consistent with information configured on the ground, then, after a pump is started and powered up, the downhole central controller performs encoding according to transmission sequence parameters configured on the ground (a manchester encoding mode is used, signal level jumps from low to high to indicate 1, and jumps from high to low to indicate 0), and by controlling the action of a pulser, high-low change of a mud pressure signal is realized, so as to achieve the purpose of modulating a mud pulse signal 0/1. The mud pulse signal is transmitted to the ground along with the circulation of the drilling fluid, and the ground acquires pressure sensor data in real time, filters and decodes the pressure data to obtain underground real-time information. After the central control is powered on, when a pulse signal is sent, original value information of a synchronization head, a first synchronization head and transmission data is sent as a reference, wherein the synchronization head is used for providing a time reference of the signal, the first synchronization head represents a currently transmitted sequence number, then a second synchronization head and a deviation value of the transmission data relative to the original value reference are sent, and a second synchronization head coding rule is as follows: the method comprises the steps of adding a middle time difference to two front and rear fat pulses, representing a transmission sequence number through the time difference, simultaneously judging whether a deviation value exceeds a preset threshold value in real time, coding the transmission data according to a sequence of a synchronization head, a first synchronization head and a reference value when the deviation value exceeds the preset threshold value, repeating the coding and sending steps until the underground measurement data are completely transmitted, and reducing the transmission time of the whole measurement data through different coding rules, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency.
On the basis of the mud pulse signal transmission method provided above, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a mud pulse signal transmission device, which is applied to a sending end of a mud pulse, as shown in fig. 10, where the device includes:
a first transmission module 100, configured to perform signal coding on first frame data to be sent according to a first signal coding rule and send a pulse signal;
and a second transmission module 200, configured to perform signal coding on target frame data to be transmitted according to a second signal coding rule and transmit a pulse signal in sequence according to a preset signal transmission sequence until all the data to be transmitted are completely transmitted, where transmission time obtained through coding by the second signal coding rule is shorter than transmission time obtained through coding by the first signal coding rule, and the target frame data to be transmitted is non-first frame data to be transmitted.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a mud pulse signal transmission device, which is applied to a receiving end of a mud pulse, as shown in fig. 11, and the device includes:
the pulse signal receiving module 300 is used for acquiring a downhole mud pulse signal;
a frame attribute determining module 400, configured to obtain, according to the mud pulse signal, a frame attribute of received data corresponding to the mud pulse signal, where the frame attribute includes a first frame and a target frame;
and the decoding module 500 is configured to decode the mud pulse signal according to a preset coding rule according to the frame attribute of the received data to obtain a downhole measurement parameter.
As shown in fig. 12, for a computer device provided for embodiments herein, the computer device 1202 may include one or more processors 1204, such as one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), each of which may implement one or more hardware threads. Computer device 1202 may also include any memory 1206 for storing any kind of information, such as code, settings, data, etc. For example, and without limitation, memory 1206 may include any one or more of the following in combination: any type of RAM, any type of ROM, flash memory devices, hard disks, optical disks, etc. More generally, any memory may use any technology to store information. Further, any memory may provide volatile or non-volatile retention of information. Further, any memory may represent fixed or removable components of computer device 1202. In one case, when the processor 1204 executes associated instructions stored in any memory or combination of memories, the computer device 1202 may perform any of the operations of the associated instructions. The computer device 1202 also includes one or more drive mechanisms 1208 for interacting with any memory, such as a hard disk drive mechanism, an optical disk drive mechanism, and so forth.
The communication link 1222 may be implemented in any manner, such as through a local area network, a wide area network (e.g., the internet), a point-to-point connection, etc., or any combination thereof. The communication link 1222 may include any combination of hardwired links, wireless links, routers, gateway functions, name servers, etc., governed by any protocol or combination of protocols.
Corresponding to the methods in fig. 1-8, the embodiments herein also provide a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the above-described method.
Embodiments herein also provide computer readable instructions, wherein a program therein causes a processor to perform the method as shown in fig. 1-8 when the instructions are executed by the processor.
It should be understood that, in various embodiments herein, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments herein.
It should also be understood that, in the embodiments herein, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relation describing an associated object, meaning that three kinds of relations may exist. For example, a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of illustrating clearly the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be an electric, mechanical or other form of connection.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the embodiments herein.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments herein may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be implemented in a form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The principles and embodiments of this document are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to aid in understanding the methods and their core concepts; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of this document, there may be changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope, in summary, this description should not be understood as the limitation of this document.
Claims (10)
1. A method of mud pulse data transmission, the method comprising:
carrying out pulse signal coding on the first frame of data to be sent according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and send a mud pulse signal;
according to a preset signal transmission sequence, sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on target frame data to be sent according to a second signal coding rule to obtain and send a slurry pulse signal until the data to be sent are completely sent, wherein the transmission time of the slurry pulse signal obtained through coding according to the second signal coding rule is shorter than that of the slurry pulse signal obtained through coding according to the first signal coding rule, and the target frame data to be sent is non-first frame data to be sent.
2. The mud pulse data transmission method of claim 1,
the first frame of data to be sent comprises a synchronization head, a first-time synchronization head and a first data coding block; the first time synchronization head is used for providing sequence information of signal transmission, and the first data coding block is used for representing original value information of transmission data;
the data to be transmitted of the target frame comprises a second-time synchronous head and a second data coding block, the second-time synchronous head is used for providing time reference and sequence information of signal transmission of the target frame, and the second data coding block is used for representing the deviation value of the real value of the transmission data of the target frame relative to the transmission data of the first frame.
3. The mud pulse data transmission method of claim 2,
the first signal encoding rule comprises that the synchronization head, the first secondary synchronization head and the first data encoding block are encoded by a first pulse signal in sequence;
the second signal encoding rule includes encoding the second sub sync header pulse signal by a second pulse signal and encoding the second data encoding block pulse signal by a first pulse signal, wherein a pulse width of the second pulse signal is larger than a pulse width of the first pulse signal.
4. The mud pulse data transmission method of claim 3, wherein encoding the second sync head pulse signal with a second pulse signal comprises:
determining sequence information corresponding to the target frame data to be sent;
determining the structural composition of the second-time synchronization head according to the sequence information;
and continuously generating two second pulse signals according to the structural composition of the second synchronous head, wherein a preset time is arranged between the two second pulse signals, and the preset time is used for representing sequence information of the data to be sent of the target frame.
5. The mud pulse data transmission method according to claim 2, wherein after sequentially performing pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted in the target frame according to the second signal coding rule to obtain and transmit the mud pulse signal, the method further comprises:
judging whether data information corresponding to a second data coding block in target frame data to be sent exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
and if the data information corresponding to the second data coding block in the target frame data to be sent exceeds a preset threshold value, updating the next frame data to be sent of the target frame to be the first frame data to be sent, and repeating the steps of pulse signal coding and sending of the data to be sent.
6. A method of mud pulse data transmission, the method comprising:
acquiring a downhole mud pulse signal;
acquiring frame attributes of received data corresponding to the mud pulse signals according to the mud pulse signals, wherein the frame attributes comprise a first frame and a target frame;
and decoding the mud pulse signal according to the frame attribute of the received data and a preset coding rule to obtain the underground measurement parameter.
7. The mud pulse data transmission method of claim 6, wherein the decoding the mud pulse signal according to the frame property of the received data and the preset coding rule to obtain the downhole measurement parameter further comprises:
when the received data is first frame data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a decoding rule corresponding to a first signal coding rule to obtain a downhole first frame measurement parameter;
and when the received data is target frame data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a decoding rule corresponding to a second signal coding rule to obtain underground target frame measurement data.
8. A mud pulse data transmission apparatus, said apparatus comprising:
the first transmission module is used for carrying out pulse signal coding on the first frame of data to be sent according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and send a mud pulse signal;
and the second transmission module is used for sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on target frame data to be sent according to a second signal coding rule according to a preset signal transmission sequence to obtain and send a slurry pulse signal until the data to be sent are completely sent, wherein the transmission time of the slurry pulse signal obtained by coding according to the second signal coding rule is shorter than that of the slurry pulse signal obtained by coding according to the first signal coding rule, and the target frame data to be sent is non-first frame data to be sent.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method steps of any of claims 1 to 5 and/or any of claims 6 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores an executing computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the method steps of any of claims 1 to 5 and/or any of claims 6 to 7.
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