CN110661580A - Slurry pulse data coding method and transmission method - Google Patents
Slurry pulse data coding method and transmission method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110661580A CN110661580A CN201911064160.1A CN201911064160A CN110661580A CN 110661580 A CN110661580 A CN 110661580A CN 201911064160 A CN201911064160 A CN 201911064160A CN 110661580 A CN110661580 A CN 110661580A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B14/00—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B14/02—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation
- H04B14/04—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation using pulse code modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M5/00—Conversion of the form of the representation of individual digits
- H03M5/02—Conversion to or from representation by pulses
- H03M5/04—Conversion to or from representation by pulses the pulses having two levels
- H03M5/06—Code representation, e.g. transition, for a given bit cell depending only on the information in that bit cell
- H03M5/12—Biphase level code, e.g. split phase code, Manchester code; Biphase space or mark code, e.g. double frequency code
Abstract
The invention provides a mud pulse data coding method and a mud pulse data transmission method. The encoding method comprises the following steps: determining the number of pressure pulse combinations and the number of binary digits according to the range of data to be transmitted and the required precision; carrying out binary system conversion on the binary system, and segmenting the converted binary system into time segments according to digits, wherein each segment comprises time slots with different numbers; and respectively representing the numerical value of each digit by using pressure pulse combinations with different amplitudes, carrying out permutation, combination and coding on the amplitudes, the number of pulse pressures and the positions corresponding to the pulses, and establishing a coding protocol for the used numerical value and the time slot position according to different amplitudes to complete mud pulse data coding. And the transmission method encodes the data according to the encoding method and then transmits the data. The invention can prolong the service life of the valve, can transmit more data volume in the same time period and can effectively improve the transmission rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, in particular to a mud pulse data coding method and a mud pulse data transmission method.
Background
During the drilling process, engineers need to know measurement while drilling information such as borehole trajectory parameters, stratum and bottom hole environment in real time, and the information is mainly transmitted to the ground through MWD (measurement while drilling) and LWD (logging) instruments, and encoding of downhole data signals is one of key technologies during the transmission process. The common MWD and LWD instrument coding modes at home and abroad mainly comprise three modes of pulse position modulation coding, Manchester coding and optimized combination code.
Pulse position modulation encoding transmits information as a data stream with a time interval, 1 pulse representing 1 hexadecimal number (0-F), the specific number of which depends on its position, i.e. on the time interval between it and the last pulse. The encoding method has the greatest defects that the transmission time is increased along with the increase of a measured value, the required time period is greatly increased when more parameters need to be measured and the measured value is larger, the transmission rate is changed at any moment, and when interference occurs in the transmission process, the position where data dislocation occurs is not easy to check, so that the encoding method is not suitable for the transmission of a large amount of data.
Manchester code is a synchronous clock coding technique, which uses level jump to represent the code of 1 or 0, the change rule is simple, each code element is represented by two level signals with different phases, thereby providing a simple binary sequence, no long period and conversion level, the signal transmission rate is fast (1.25-10bps), and the transmitted data volume is large. However, the encoding method can only be used in the electromagnetic wave or continuous wave method, and the current domestic electromagnetic wave and continuous wave technology is not mature and is greatly limited in the field application process.
The optimized combined code is the most commonly used mud MWD coding mode at present, and the coding mode has the advantages that after the binary digits of the measured data are determined, the time length of the transmitted data does not change along with the change of the binary digits, so that whether signal pulses are lost or not is convenient to detect, and meanwhile, electricity is saved, but the transmission rate of the coding mode is only 1-2 bps.
The three coding modes have the common characteristics of only detecting the pulse positions and the number and not detecting the pulse amplitude, have the advantages of being beneficial to the decoding of ground signals, and have the defects of less information content in unit time period and low transmission rate. In the drilling process, along with the increase of the well depth, the drilling working condition becomes more and more complex, the more the downhole data to be measured, the more the borehole trajectory data and the geological data need to be measured, the more the data such as the downhole vibration, the bit pressure, the torque, the borehole diameter expansion rate, the dielectric constant and the like need to be measured, and the transmission rate is difficult to meet the transmission requirement of a large amount of downhole data by adopting the conventional optimized combined coding mode.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems in the prior art as set forth above. For example, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mud pulse data encoding method capable of improving a transmission rate.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a mud pulse data encoding method, which may include the steps of: determining the number of pressure pulse combinations and the number of binary digits according to the range of data to be transmitted and the required precision; carrying out binary system conversion on the binary system, and segmenting the converted binary system into time segments according to digits, wherein each segment comprises time slots with different numbers; each time segment respectively corresponds to pressure pulses with different amplitudes and defines the meaning of the pressure pulses appearing in each time slot, the pressure pulse combinations with different amplitudes are used for respectively representing the numerical value of each digit, the amplitude, the number of pulse pressures and the positions corresponding to the pulses are arranged, combined and coded, and a coding protocol is established according to the numerical values and the time slot positions used by the different amplitudes, so that the mud pulse data coding is completed.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mud pulse data encoding method of the present invention, the pulses contained in each segment may be of the same amplitude.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mud pulse data encoding method of the present invention, the pressure pulses of different amplitudes may be both positive pulses or both negative pulses.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mud pulse data encoding method of the present invention, the pressure pulses of different amplitudes may include a primary pulse and a secondary pulse, the primary pulse having an amplitude less than the amplitude of the secondary pulse. Further, the generating of the primary pulse and the secondary pulse may include: under the condition that the mud pulse generator closes the valve to the minimum, the maximum value of the pulse amplitude received by the ground is X; under the condition that the mud pulse generator half opens the valve, the pulse amplitude received by the ground is Y, wherein Y is smaller than X, and if the contained pulse amplitude p belongs to (0, Y), the generated pulse is a primary pulse; if the included pulse amplitude p epsilon (Y, X), the generated pulse is a secondary pulse.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mud pulse data encoding method of the present invention, the pressure pulses of different amplitudes may include 2 to 4 pressure pulses of different amplitudes.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a mud pulse data transmission method, which may include the steps of: measuring underground parameters through a measuring probe, and transmitting the underground parameters to an encoder after filtering processing; the encoder encodes according to the mud pulse data encoding method; outputting a control signal after the coding is finished, and controlling the action of the pulser according to the control signal so that the pulser generates positive pressure pulses with different amplitudes or negative pressure pulses without amplitudes; acquiring a pressure pulse signal under a well; the pressure pulse signal is decoded into measured downhole parameters according to an agreed encoding protocol.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mud pulse data transmission method of the present invention, the downhole parameters may include well deviation and azimuth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention needs less pulse number in the data transmission process, avoids frequent opening and closing of the valve and can prolong the service life of the valve;
(2) the pulse amplitude is increased during coding, the data information quantity which can be expressed in the same time period is multiplied, the number of corresponding binary numbers in a specified time interval can be increased, the time frame occupied by transmitting the same data quantity is multiplied, more data quantity can be transmitted in the same time period, and the transmission rate can be effectively improved;
(3) the invention can further subdivide the pulse amplitude value by matching with a reasonable filtering decoding algorithm under the condition of not influencing ground decoding, multiply increase the range of data information amount in the same time period and improve the data transmission rate.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a graph of pulse versus time slot for encoding with pulses of the same amplitude and pulses of different amplitudes;
FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a mud data transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a mud signal encoding method and a downhole data transmission method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a pulse-to-time slot relationship diagram when encoding with pulses of the same amplitude and pulses of different amplitudes, wherein fig. 1(a) is a pulse-to-time slot relationship diagram when encoding with pulses of the same amplitude, and fig. 1(b) is a pulse-to-time slot relationship diagram when encoding with pulses of different amplitudes. FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a mud data transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, the traditional optimized combined coding method is changed, the amplitude of the pulse is considered in the coding process, the three parameters of the pulse generating position, the pulse number and the amplitude in the specified time interval are arranged and combined for coding, the number of the corresponding binary systems in the specified time interval can be increased, and compared with the traditional optimized combined coding method, the method can transmit more data in the same time period and can effectively improve the transmission rate of underground data.
One aspect of the invention provides a mud pulse data encoding method. In an exemplary embodiment of the mud pulse data encoding method of the present invention, the encoding method may include the steps of:
s01, determining the number of pressure pulse combinations and the binary digits according to the range of the measured data and the required accuracy.
And S02, carrying out binary system conversion on the binary system, and segmenting the converted binary system into time segments according to digits, wherein each segment comprises different numbers of time slots. For example, binary may be converted to decimal, which is segmented by digits versus time (time slot). For example, for a three digit decimal, one hundred digits may be divided into one time period, ten digits may be divided into one time period, and one digit may be divided into one time period. Each time segment contains a plurality of time slots.
And S03, each time segment corresponds to pressure pulses with different amplitudes respectively, the meaning of the pressure pulses appearing in each time slot is defined, the amplitudes, the number of the pulse pressures and the number of the time slots are arranged and combined for coding, a coding protocol is established according to the values and the time slot positions used by the different amplitudes, and the mud pulse data coding is completed.
In the above, the numerical values of the digits may be represented by different combinations of amplitudes. The pressure pulses with different amplitudes respectively corresponding to the time segments comprise pressure pulses with the same amplitude.
For example, the pressure pulses comprise primary and secondary pulses of different amplitudes. A certain time interval is divided into N small time equal divisions, according to a predetermined coding protocol (table), corresponding to a different binary number, a program control pulse generator generates X1-level positive pulses and Y2-level positive pulses at different positions of the specified time interval, wherein X and Y are natural numbers. When the signal is received on the ground, the number and position of the 1-level pulse and the 2-level pulse corresponding to the appointed time interval are translated into binary data, and therefore the actual downhole data is recovered. The numbers X and Y may be equal or 0.
In this embodiment, binary is converted to decimal, which typically divides the time into several segments with several digits. The number of time slots contained in each segment is related to the decimal number size, the number of classes of pulses of different amplitudes, and the number of pulses. Further, the shortest number of time slots that can express the digit may be selected.
In this embodiment, the pressure pulses of different magnitudes cannot occur within the same time slot. The pressure pulses contained by each segment may be of the same amplitude or of different amplitudes. For example, two pulses (1-level pulse and 2-level pulse) with different amplitudes may be contained in one segment, and the two pulses may be simultaneously 1-level pulse, 2-level pulse, or 1-level pulse and 1 2-level pulse.
In this embodiment, the pressure pulses of different amplitudes are both positive pulses or both negative pulses.
In this embodiment, the pressure pulses of different amplitudes may comprise a plurality of different amplitudes. For example, the division is based on the magnitude of the amplitude, and may include primary, secondary, and tertiary pulses, …. On the basis that the ground system can accurately distinguish, the more different amplitudes of the pulse are, the faster transmission speed is and the higher efficiency is. For example, for ground identification, the pressure pulses include 2-4 pressure pulses of different amplitudes. The number of pressure pulses of different amplitudes can be set arbitrarily within the time.
Further, the pressure pulses of different amplitudes may include a primary pulse and a secondary pulse, the primary pulse having an amplitude different from an amplitude of the secondary pulse. The dividing of the primary pulse and the secondary pulse may include:
when the program control pulse generator closes the valve to the minimum, the amplitude of the pressure pulse received by the ground is maximum X; when the program controls the pulse generator to half open the valve, the pressure pulse amplitude received by the ground is Y (X > Y). When the amplitude p epsilon (0, Y) of the generated pressure pulse is larger than the amplitude p epsilon (0, Y), the generated pressure pulse is considered to be a primary pulse when being coded; when the amplitude p e (0, Y) of the generated pressure pulse is larger than the amplitude p e, the generated pressure pulse is considered to be a secondary pulse when being coded.
In the conventional encoding methods, encoding is performed according to two permutation and combination of pulse positions and pulse numbers. In the method, three parameters of pulse position, pulse number and amplitude are arranged and combined, and binary system is defined according to the arrangement and combination. The pulse generator is controlled by a program to generate a different number of positive or negative pulses of different amplitudes at different locations of a given time interval. When the signal is received on the ground, the pulse position, number and amplitude value in the appointed time interval are translated into binary data, so as to recover the actual downhole data.
To further illustrate the principle of the present invention using pressure pulses for encoding without amplitude, the following detailed description is incorporated: fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of mud pulse signal encoding, wherein fig. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of mud pulse encoding with a single amplitude, and fig. 1(b) is a schematic diagram of mud pulse encoding with two amplitudes. Assuming that the same time slot is selected, the selected time slot is equally divided into 8 equal parts, each equal part is a time slot, and the total time slots are 8. During which time 2 pulses are generated.
Under the traditional single amplitude coding mode, when a first pulse is positioned in a first time slot, the position where a second pulse appears may be in the next 7 time slots, and may correspond to 7 binary code data; when the first pulse is located in the second time slot, the position where the second pulse appears may be in the following 6 time slots, and may correspond to 6 binary code data; when the first pulse is located in the third time slot, the position where the second pulse appears may be in the next 5 time slots, and may correspond to 5 binary code data; by analogy, when the first pulse is in the seventh time slot, the second pulse can only occur in the eighth time slot, corresponding to 1 binary code data, so that in the case of single-amplitude coding, the total number of binary data is m-7 +6+5+4+3+2+ 1-28, where fig. 1(a) shows the case when the first pulse is in the second time slot and the second pulse is in the sixth time slot.
In the inventive coding mode with different amplitudes, there may be 2 levels of generated amplitudes (primary and secondary). Assuming that the number of primary pulses is 1 and the number of secondary pulses is 1, there are the following cases:
if 2 pulses generated in the period of time are primary pulses at the same time, when the first primary pulse is positioned in the first time slot, the position where the second primary pulse appears may be in the next 7 time slots, and may correspond to 7 binary code data; when the first primary pulse is located in the second time slot, the position where the second primary pulse appears may be in the following 6 time slots, and may correspond to 6 binary code data; when the first primary pulse is located in the third time slot, the position where the second primary pulse appears may be in the next 5 time slots, and may correspond to 5 binary code data; by analogy, when the first primary pulse is located in the seventh time slot, the second primary pulse can only appear in the eighth time slot and correspond to 1 binary code data, and therefore, the number of binary code data can be 28, namely m is 7+6+5+4+3+2+ 1;
(ii) if 2 pulses generated in the period of time are simultaneously secondary pulses, the same manner as that in which 2 pulses are simultaneously primary pulses is adopted, and the number of binary data is m + 7+6+5+4+3+2+ 1-28;
(iii) if the first of the 2 pulses generated in the period of time is a first-level pulse and the second is a second-level pulse, when the first-level pulse is located in the first time slot, the position where the second-level pulse appears may be in the next 7 time slots, and may correspond to 7 binary code data; when the primary pulse is positioned in the second time slot, the position where the secondary pulse appears may be in the following 6 time slots, and may correspond to 6 binary code data; when the primary pulse is positioned in the third time slot, the position where the secondary pulse appears may be in the following 5 time slots, and may correspond to 5 binary code data; by analogy, when the primary pulse is located in the seventh time slot, the secondary pulse can only appear in the eighth time slot and correspond to 1 binary code data, and therefore, the binary code data can correspond to the situation that the number of binary data is m ═ 7+6+5+4+3+2+1 ═ 28, where as shown in fig. 1(b), the primary pulse is located in the second time slot and the secondary pulse is located in the sixth time slot;
(iv) if the first of the 2 pulses generated in the period of time is a secondary pulse and the second is a primary pulse, when the secondary pulse is located in the first time slot, the position where the primary pulse appears may be in the next 7 time slots, and may correspond to 7 binary code data; when the secondary pulse is located in the second time slot, the position where the primary pulse appears may be in the following 6 time slots, and may correspond to 6 binary code data; when the secondary pulse is located in the third time slot, the position where the primary pulse appears may be in the following 5 time slots, and may correspond to 5 binary code data; by analogy, when the secondary pulse is located in the seventh time slot, the primary pulse can only appear in the eighth time slot and correspond to 1 binary code data, and therefore, the number of binary code data can be 28 as m ═ 7+6+5+4+3+2+ 1;
as described above, according to the mud signal encoding method of the present invention, the mud signal is classified into two classes according to the amplitude, the number of expressible binary data may be 28+28+28+ 28-112, and the amount of data that can be transmitted per unit time is 4 times that which is not classified.
Another aspect of the invention provides a method for transmitting mud pulse data. In an exemplary embodiment of the mud pulse data transmission method of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the transmission method may include the steps of:
s100, measuring parameters such as underground well deviation and direction by a measurement probe of mud MWD or LWD, and transmitting measured data to an encoder after filtering processing.
And S200, encoding the data by using the mud data encoding method.
And S300, outputting a control signal after the coding is finished, controlling a pulser to act, and generating positive pressure pulses or negative pressure pulses with different amplitudes. The coded signal can be used as a control signal, and when 1 low-amplitude pulse occurs, the pulser acts to control half-opening of the valve; every time 1 high-amplitude pulse appears, the pulser acts to control the valve to be fully closed, so that 2 kinds of amplitude pulses can be generated. Of course, more pulses of different amplitudes may be set according to different settings, thereby representing the data to be transmitted with fewer time slots.
S400, monitoring the pressure of the riser by a surface pressure sensor, and acquiring a pressure pulse signal transmitted from the underground.
And S500, the ground processor decodes the pressure pulse signal into measurement data according to the appointed data corresponding table. The decimal number corresponding to the pulse waveform combination can be found out according to the table, and the data can be restored through the conversion coefficient.
In order that the above-described exemplary embodiments of the invention may be better understood, further description thereof with reference to specific examples is provided below.
Example 1
The measured data is assumed to be well deviation data.
The measurement range of the well deviation is 0-180 degrees, and the required measurement precision needs to be controlled within 0.5 degrees. To achieve the above measurement range and accuracy, the number of pressure pulse combinations required is 180/0.5-360, 360 being closest to the power of 2 to the power of 8 (i.e., 512), and a minimum of 8 bits of binary code representing the well deviation value.
An 8-digit binary number corresponds to a decimal number of 512, that is to say 512 numbers are used to represent well deviations in the range from 0 to 180 °, with an accuracy of 180/512-0.35, i.e. the minimum value of the measurement can be up to 0.35 °.
512 is divided into three parts of hundred, ten and unit, wherein the range of the hundred is 0-5, the ten is 0-9, and the unit is 0-9. The time slot can therefore be divided into 3 segments according to the number of bits, and 1 pulse with a high or low amplitude appears in each segment, representing 1 bit. Thus only 3 pulses are required to fully represent the measurement data.
The first period of time (hundreds) is agreed to occupy 3 time slots (denoted as position 1, position 2 and position 3, respectively). If the low amplitude pulse occurs at the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd positions, it represents the values 0, 1 and 2, respectively. High-amplitude pulses (only two pulse amplitudes are used here, and two pulses of different amplitudes are represented by low-amplitude pulses and high-amplitude pulses, respectively) present at positions 1, 2 and 3, representing the values 3, 4 and 5, respectively.
The second time (ten) occupies 5 time slots, and the low amplitude pulses, when appearing at positions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, represent the values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively. High amplitude pulses appear at positions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, representing values 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively.
The third segment of time (one bit) occupies 5 time slots, and the low-amplitude pulses appear at positions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, and represent the values 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. High amplitude pulses appear at positions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and represent the values 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, respectively.
If the measured data is 63.5 ° downhole, the number is now converted to 512 lengths and multiplied by a conversion factor to obtain the position at 512 lengths (i.e., 63.5 × 512/180 ═ 180.62 ≈ 181). 181 is broken down into 3 digits, namely 1 (hundred), 8 (ten) and 1 (one). With each digit in one-to-one correspondence to the convention, the 2 nd position (time slot) of the first time segment is a low amplitude pulse, the 4 th position (time slot) of the second time segment is a high amplitude pulse, and the 2 nd position (time slot) of the third time segment is a low amplitude pulse. A table can be set according to the rule, the decimal number corresponding to the pulse waveform combination can be found according to the table, and data can be restored through the conversion coefficient.
For example, if the low amplitude pulse, the medium amplitude pulse, and the high amplitude pulse 3 medium pulse amplitude are used for encoding, 512 is divided into three digits, namely, hundred digits, ten digits, and unit digits, with the range of hundred digits being 0-5, ten digits being 0-9, and unit digits being 0-9. The time slot can therefore be divided into 3 segments according to the number of bits, and 1 pulse with a high or low amplitude appears in each segment, representing 1 bit. Thus only 3 pulses are required to fully represent the measurement data.
The first period of time (hundreds) is agreed to occupy 2 time slots (denoted as position 1 and position 2, respectively). If the low amplitude pulse occurs at the 1 st and 2 nd positions, it represents the value 0, 1, respectively. If the medium amplitude pulse occurs at the 1 st and 2 nd positions, it represents the values 2 and 3, respectively. The high amplitude pulses, when present at positions 1 and 2, represent values 4, 5, respectively.
The second time (ten) occupies 3 time slots, and the low amplitude pulses, when present at positions 1, 2 and 3, represent the values 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The medium amplitude pulses, when present at positions 1, 2 and 3, represent the values 4, 5 and 6, respectively. High amplitude pulses appear at positions 1, 2 and 3 and represent the values 7, 8 and 9, respectively.
The third segment of time (one bit) occupies 3 time slots, and the low amplitude pulses appear at positions 1, 2 and 3, representing the values 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The medium amplitude pulses, when present at positions 1, 2 and 3, represent the values 4, 5 and 6, respectively. High amplitude pulses appear at positions 1, 2 and 3 and represent the values 7, 8 and 9, respectively.
A table can be set according to the rule, the decimal number corresponding to the pulse waveform combination can be found according to the table, and data can be restored through the conversion coefficient.
In conclusion, the number of pulses required in the data transmission process is small, so that frequent opening and closing of the valve are avoided, and the service life of the valve can be prolonged; the pulse amplitude is increased during coding, the data information quantity which can be expressed in the same time period is multiplied, the number of corresponding binary numbers in a specified time interval can be increased, the time frame occupied by transmitting the same data quantity is multiplied and reduced, more data quantity can be transmitted in the same time period, and the transmission rate can be effectively improved; the invention can further subdivide the pulse amplitude value by matching with a reasonable filtering decoding algorithm under the condition of not influencing ground decoding, multiply increase the range of data information amount in the same time period and improve the data transmission rate.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A mud pulse data coding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the number of pressure pulse combinations and the number of binary digits according to the range of data to be transmitted and the required precision;
carrying out binary system conversion on a binary system, segmenting the converted binary system into time segments according to digits, wherein each digit corresponds to one time segment, and each time segment comprises different numbers of time slots;
each time segment corresponds to pressure pulses with different amplitudes respectively, the meaning represented by the pressure pulses appearing in each time slot is defined, the amplitudes, the number of the pressure pulses and the positions of the time slots corresponding to the pressure pulses are arranged, combined and coded, a coding protocol is established, and the mud pulse data coding is completed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure pulses for each time segment are of the same or different amplitude.
3. The mud pulse data encoding method of claim 1, wherein the pressure pulses of different amplitudes are both positive pulses or both negative pulses.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure pulses of different amplitudes comprise primary pulses and secondary pulses, the primary pulses having an amplitude that is different from an amplitude of the secondary pulses.
5. The mud pulse data encoding method of claim 4, wherein the dividing of the primary pulse and the secondary pulse comprises:
under the condition that the mud pulse generator closes the valve to the minimum, the maximum value of the pulse amplitude received by the ground is X; under the condition that the mud pulse generator half-opens the valve, the pulse amplitude received by the ground is Y, wherein Y is less than X,
if the included pulse amplitude p belongs to (0, Y), the generated pulse is a primary pulse;
if the included pulse amplitude p epsilon (Y, X), the generated pulse is a secondary pulse.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure pulses of different amplitudes comprise 2-4 pressure pulses of different amplitudes.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure pulses occurring within a time slot are of equal amplitude.
8. A method for transmitting mud pulse data, the method comprising the steps of:
measuring the underground parameters, and transmitting the underground parameters to an encoder after filtering;
the encoder encodes the mud pulse data according to the mud pulse data encoding method of any one of claims 1 to 7;
outputting a control signal after the coding is finished, and controlling the action of the pulser according to the control signal so that the pulser generates positive pressure pulses with different amplitudes or negative pressure pulses without amplitudes;
acquiring a pressure pulse signal under a well;
decoding is performed according to an agreed encoding protocol, and the pressure pulse signal is decoded into a measured downhole parameter.
9. The mud pulse data transmission method of claim 8, wherein the downhole parameters comprise a well deviation and an orientation.
10. The mud pulse data transmission method of claim 8, wherein measuring the downhole parameter comprises measuring the downhole parameter with a measurement probe of a mud MWD or LWD.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114650103A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | Slurry pulse data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115296752A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-04 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Mud pulse data coding and transmitting method, device and equipment |
| CN115296752B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-04-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Mud pulse data coding and transmitting method, device and equipment |
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| CN115296752A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-04 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Mud pulse data coding and transmitting method, device and equipment |
| CN115296752B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-04-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Mud pulse data coding and transmitting method, device and equipment |
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