CN114650037B - UWB transmitter based on each-stage programmable delay line - Google Patents
UWB transmitter based on each-stage programmable delay line Download PDFInfo
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- CN114650037B CN114650037B CN202210359796.4A CN202210359796A CN114650037B CN 114650037 B CN114650037 B CN 114650037B CN 202210359796 A CN202210359796 A CN 202210359796A CN 114650037 B CN114650037 B CN 114650037B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
- H03K5/04—Shaping pulses by increasing duration; by decreasing duration
- H03K5/06—Shaping pulses by increasing duration; by decreasing duration by the use of delay lines or other analogue delay elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/13—Arrangements having a single output and transforming input signals into pulses delivered at desired time intervals
- H03K5/14—Arrangements having a single output and transforming input signals into pulses delivered at desired time intervals by the use of delay lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K2005/00013—Delay, i.e. output pulse is delayed after input pulse and pulse length of output pulse is dependent on pulse length of input pulse
- H03K2005/00019—Variable delay
- H03K2005/00058—Variable delay controlled by a digital setting
- H03K2005/00065—Variable delay controlled by a digital setting by current control, e.g. by parallel current control transistors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a UWB transmitter based on each stage of programmable delay line, relates to a new generation of information technology, and provides a scheme aiming at the problems of low spectrum utilization rate and the like in the prior art. The device mainly comprises a lookup table module, a programmable delay line and a power amplifier. The lookup table module is used for respectively providing control words for each level of programmable delay units. And the control word is obtained by performing equal voltage amplitude division on the ideal baseband pulse to obtain a time sampling point, and the time sampling point is converted into the control word. The method has the advantages of reducing the difficulty of circuit design, improving the frequency spectrum utilization rate, supporting wide-range pulse bandwidth change and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless communication technology, in particular to a UWB transmitter based on a programmable delay line of each stage.
Background
UWB (Ultra Wideband) is a carrier-free communication technology that uses non-sinusoidal narrow pulses on the order of nanoseconds to microseconds to transmit data. The UWB transmitter mainly comprises two core modules, namely a pulse generator and a radio frequency power amplifier, and is used for generating a pulse signal required by UWB communication, wherein the pulse signal must meet the requirements of frequency domain and time domain specified in IEEE 802.15.4z standard.
According to the regulation in the IEEE 802.15.4z protocol standard, the bandwidth of a single side band of the baseband pulse signal is 0.25 GHz-1 GHz. When a conventional narrow-band communication transmitter is used as a UWB pulse generator, in order to increase the feasibility of the design of the post-stage filter, the sampling clock actually adopts a signal bandwidth of more than 4 times, i.e., 1GHz to 4GHz. When the sampling clock is up to 4GHz, the implementation of digital logic to generate baseband pulse digital signals becomes difficult, timing is difficult to meet or requires significant power consumption to meet.
In addition, UWB communication is a low duty cycle communication, and the static power consumption of the transmitter accounts for a large proportion of the total power consumption of the transmitter. Therefore, reducing the static power consumption of the system is a key to the low power design of UWB systems. The frequency spectrum utilization rate of the pulse directly determines the communication distance of the UWB system, and on the premise of meeting the frequency spectrum requirement specified by the standard, the frequency spectrum utilization rate is improved by a pulse shaping technology.
A disclosed pulse generator circuit structure based on carrier frequency division/frequency multiplication is shown in figure 1, and a high-speed sampling clock of 4.5/9GHz is obtained by carrier frequency division/frequency multiplication of 3-6.5 GHz. The pulse amplitude register is driven to output a pulse envelope signal, and the digital power amplifier is controlled to generate a UWB pulse signal, as shown in fig. 2. The high-speed sampling clock frequency of the method strongly depends on the frequency of a carrier signal, and when different channels are communicated, data stored in a pulse amplitude register needs to be reprogrammed so that the generated pulse can meet the standard requirement of an IEEE protocol, and the method does not have the pulse shaping function. In order to obtain higher-precision pulse shaping, the number of bits of the register and the number of digital power amplifiers need to be increased in the subsequent stage, which makes the design more difficult.
Another disclosed delay line based UWB transmitter circuit architecture is shown in fig. 3, with a delay line as the pulse generator. The 1/2ns pulse is delayed by a fixed time to generate a triangular UWB pulse signal as shown in fig. 4. The shape of the UWB pulse generated by this method is fixed, and although it meets the requirements of the IEEE protocol standard, the spectrum utilization is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a UWB transmitter based on a per-stage programmable delay line to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The invention discloses a UWB transmitter based on each stage of programmable delay line, which comprises:
the lookup table module is used for respectively providing control words for all levels of programmable delay units; the control word is determined by: performing equal voltage amplitude segmentation on the ideal baseband pulse to obtain a time sampling point, and converting the time sampling point into the control word;
the programmable delay line is used for adjusting delay time according to the control words corresponding to all levels so as to restore the ideal baseband pulse; the programmable delay line comprises n stages of programmable delay units, the configuration end of each stage of programmable delay unit is connected with a lookup table module to receive a corresponding control word, and the control output end is connected with a power amplifier to output a control signal; wherein n is a positive integer;
and the power amplifier is used for adjusting the input carrier wave into UWB pulse output according to the ideal baseband pulse restored by the programmable delay line.
Each stage of programmable delay unit comprises a controllable current source and a programmable delay module respectively; the controllable current source controls the current flowing through the programmable delay module by a corresponding control word so as to control the delay time of the programmable delay module;
the programmable delay module comprises two delay units;
the input end of the first delay unit of each stage is connected with the output end of the first delay unit of the previous stage;
the input end of the second delay unit of each stage is connected with the output end of the second delay unit of the next stage;
the input end of the first delay unit of the 1 st stage is externally connected with a trigger pulse, and the output end of the second delay unit is suspended; the input end of the second delay unit of the last stage is connected with the output end of the first delay unit of the same stage;
the delayed control signals of each stage are respectively input to the power amplifier.
Preferably, the power amplifier is a class D power amplifier.
Preferably, n is 13.
The invention discloses a UWB transmitter based on each stage of programmable delay line, which is characterized in that an ideal baseband pulse signal is subjected to equal voltage amplitude division to obtain the sampling time of a division point, and the non-uniform sampling of the ideal baseband pulse is realized. And then the sampling time is converted into a control word of tail current of the delay unit through a capacitance charging and discharging formula so as to configure the delay time on the programmable delay line. And then, the current type D power amplifier is controlled based on each stage of programmable delay line to output an ideal UWB pulse signal, so that the current type D power amplifier can replace the original DAC-based UWB transmitter.
Its advantages include at least:
1. by non-uniform sampling of the ideal baseband pulse waveform in the time domain, a high-precision digital baseband pulse signal can be generated without the need of a high-precision DAC circuit design, and the difficulty of circuit design is reduced.
2. The pulse with a specific envelope is generated through the programmable delay line, and compared with the traditional circuit structure, the working frequency of a digital circuit is reduced, and the reliability of a system is improved.
3. By configuring the time delay of each stage of programmable delay line, the digital baseband pulse can be modified according to actual needs, and the frequency spectrum utilization rate is improved.
4. The programmable delay line has a large delay time adjusting range, can support wide pulse bandwidth change by configuring a tail current source of the programmable delay unit, and is at least suitable for frequencies of 500 MHz-1331 MHz.
5. The configuration of each stage of programmable delay line is calibrated through an ideal digital baseband, and the pulse waveform can resist distortion caused by environmental temperature, process errors and power supply voltage change.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a UWB transmitter according to the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pulse logic of the UWB transmitter of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another UWB transmitter in the prior art.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the pulse logic of the UWB transmitter of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the UWB transmitter in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the pulse logic of the UWB transmitter described in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of signal conversion in the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 5, the UWB transmitter based on the programmable delay line of each stage according to the present invention includes a lookup table module, a programmable delay line and a power amplifier which are sequentially connected.
And the lookup table module is used for respectively providing control words for the programmable delay units at all levels. The control word is determined by: carrying out equal voltage amplitude division on the ideal baseband pulse to obtain a time sampling point; and converting the time sampling point into the control word through a capacitance charging and discharging formula. By configuring these control words, the function of pulse shaping is realized. The method solves the difficulty of how to generate UWB pulse with high spectrum utilization rate through a digital power amplifier under the condition of not increasing the difficulty of circuit design and not increasing power consumption. Therefore, the UWB transmitter in the invention does not need to use circuit modules such as a high-speed digital clock, a high-speed digital circuit, a high-speed DAC and the like.
The programmable delay line is used for adjusting delay time according to the control words corresponding to all levels so as to restore the ideal baseband pulse. The programmable delay line comprises n stages of programmable delay units, the configuration end of each stage of programmable delay unit is connected with the lookup table module to receive the corresponding control word, and the control output end is connected with the power amplifier to output the control signal. Where n is a positive integer, n is preferably 13 in this embodiment.
Each stage of programmable delay unit comprises a controllable current source and a programmable delay module respectively. The controllable current source controls the current magnitude flowing through the programmable delay module by a corresponding control word so as to control the delay time of the programmable delay module. The programmable delay module comprises two delay units. The input end of the first delay unit of each stage is connected with the output end of the first delay unit of the previous stage. The input end of the second delay unit of each stage is connected with the output end of the second delay unit of the next stage. The input end of the first delay unit of the 1 st stage is externally connected with a rising edge pulse trigger signal, and the output end of the second delay unit is suspended. The input end of the second delay unit of the last stage is connected with the output end of the first delay unit of the same stage. The delayed control signals of each stage are respectively input to the power amplifier.
The look-up table module has 13 sets of 6-bit registers: the delay unit comprises a DL1[5 ].
The programmable delay line delays the pulse trigger signal 13 times according to the control word configuration of the lookup table module, and the output 13-bit control signal D [ 12. Meanwhile, an external single-ended carrier signal is input to the differential input port of the power amplifier. And the power amplifier amplifies the differential carrier signal according to a control signal D [12 ] and outputs the amplified differential carrier signal to an antenna through a conventional post-stage circuit.
The power amplifier is configured to adjust an input carrier to a UWB pulse output according to an ideal baseband pulse restored by the programmable delay line, as shown in fig. 6. In this embodiment, the power amplifier is preferably a class D power amplifier.
The signal conversion principle of the present invention is shown in fig. 7, and ideal sampling time points t1, t2, \8230;, tn are obtained by dividing voltage amplitudes of ideal baseband pulses and the like. Then the interval between time points is calculated, and the current required by each stage of delay is calculated according to a capacitance charging and discharging formula. And finally, calculating the control word of each stage of programmable delay unit according to the required current and writing the control word into a lookup table. When the UWB pulse needs to be output, a rising edge trigger signal is input at the input end of the pulse trigger signal, and the trigger signal is sequentially delayed for time in each stage of programmable delay unit according to the configuration in the lookup table. The trigger signal is sequentially transmitted from the first delay unit of the 1 st stage to the first delay unit of the 13 th stage, and then sequentially transmitted from the second delay unit of the 13 th stage to the second delay unit of the 1 st stage, so that the formed envelope wave is a completely centrosymmetric waveform. Finally, the outputs of the 13 sub-power amplifiers are superposed to obtain the complete UWB pulse. The ideal baseband pulse signal can be well restored, the obtained frequency spectrum is similar to the ideal baseband pulse, and the frequency spectrum can meet the frequency spectrum mask specified by the IEEE standard.
According to the IEEE 802.15.4z standard, the pulse bandwidth ranges from 500MHz to 1331MHz, i.e., the length of the pulse is about 1.5ns to 4ns. In order to make the frequency spectrum of the pulse waveform with different shapes meet the bandwidth requirement and resist the bandwidth deviation caused by external factors such as temperature, process error and the like, the configurable pulse length range of the programmable delay line should be correspondingly enlarged, in the embodiment, the control range of the pulse length is 1.2 ns-6 ns, according to the capacitance charging and discharging formula: v t And (= I × t/C). Wherein, the value of the voltage on the capacitor at the time t is shown, and C is the size of the charged capacitor. As can be seen from the formula, the time t for the programmable delay line to reach the effective inversion voltage is in direct proportion to the charging current I, and therefore, the adjustment of the delay time of the delay unit is mainly realized by controlling the tail current of the controllable current source in the embodiment. The delay time control word stored in the lookup table in this embodiment is 6 bits per delay unit, theoretically, 64 times of the adjustment range can be realized, and the redundant adjustment range can be used for fine adjustment of the pulse length to realize higher spectrum utilization.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications may be made in the above-described embodiments and concepts and all such changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A UWB transmitter based on a programmable delay line per stage comprising:
the lookup table module is used for respectively providing control words for all levels of programmable delay units; the control word is determined by: performing equal voltage amplitude segmentation on the ideal baseband pulse to obtain a time sampling point, and converting the time sampling point into the control word;
the programmable delay line is used for adjusting delay time according to the control words corresponding to all levels so as to restore the ideal baseband pulse; the programmable delay line comprises n stages of programmable delay units, the configuration end of each stage of programmable delay unit is connected with a lookup table module to receive a corresponding control word, and the control output end is connected with a power amplifier to output a control signal; wherein n is a positive integer;
the power amplifier is used for adjusting the input carrier waves into UWB pulse output according to the ideal baseband pulse restored by the programmable delay line;
each stage of programmable delay unit comprises a controllable current source and a programmable delay module respectively; the controllable current source controls the current flowing through the programmable delay module by a corresponding control word so as to control the delay time of the programmable delay module;
the programmable delay module comprises two delay units;
the input end of the first delay unit of each stage is connected with the output end of the first delay unit of the previous stage;
the input end of the second delay unit of each stage is connected with the output end of the second delay unit of the next stage;
the input end of the first delay unit of the 1 st stage is externally connected with a trigger pulse, and the output end of the second delay unit is suspended; the input end of the second delay unit of the last stage is connected with the output end of the first delay unit of the same stage;
the delayed control signals of each stage are respectively input to a power amplifier;
the power amplifier is a D-type power amplifier.
2. The UWB transmitter according to claim 1, wherein n is 13.
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| CN202210359796.4A CN114650037B (en) | 2022-04-06 | 2022-04-06 | UWB transmitter based on each-stage programmable delay line |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107968687A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-27 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | A kind of two points modulation transmitter calibration circuit and calibration method |
| CN108011621A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-08 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of programmable Time-delayed trigger impulsive synchronization device |
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| CN109905103A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-18 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of stretch circuit combining digital logical operation based on delay |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107968687A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-27 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | A kind of two points modulation transmitter calibration circuit and calibration method |
| CN108011621A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-08 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of programmable Time-delayed trigger impulsive synchronization device |
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