CN114649433B - Encapsulated perovskite solar cell and method of making same - Google Patents
Encapsulated perovskite solar cell and method of making same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114649433B CN114649433B CN202011493028.5A CN202011493028A CN114649433B CN 114649433 B CN114649433 B CN 114649433B CN 202011493028 A CN202011493028 A CN 202011493028A CN 114649433 B CN114649433 B CN 114649433B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- solar cell
- perovskite solar
- polymer
- back electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 9
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamidine Chemical compound NC=N PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C#N MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940071182 stannate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001483 poly(ethyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000033999 Device damage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013083 solar photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Abstract
An encapsulated perovskite solar cell includes a back electrode layer and a polymer layer including a first polymer layer and a second polymer layer; the first polymer layer is arranged on the back electrode layer; the back electrode layer is a carbon electrode with a porous structure, and the second polymer layer is filled in the back electrode layer. The invention improves the stability of the perovskite solar cell. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the packaged perovskite solar cell, which comprises the following steps: the polymer dispersion is coated on the back electrode layer of the perovskite solar cell to form a polymer layer. The method does not need to operate at high temperature and vacuum, and has little influence on the performance of the perovskite solar cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an encapsulated perovskite solar cell and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an encapsulated printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous progress of society and the rapid development of economy, the demand of people for energy is increasing, so that the problems of global ecological environment and energy shortage are more and more prominent. Solar energy is favored because of its abundance and lack of geographical limitations. The simplest and most effective way of using the solar energy is solar photovoltaic technology, namely converting solar energy into electric energy. In recent years, a new type of solar photovoltaic power generation technology called "perovskite solar cell" has been attracting attention from various countries, and its cell conversion efficiency has been raised from 3.8% to 25.2% at present in a short period of years. Perovskite is of ABX 3 The crystal structure material is commonly called as perovskite CaTiO 3 Has a similar crystal structure. The perovskite material has the advantages of long carrier diffusion length, adjustable optical band gap, high molar extinction coefficient, bipolar transmission and the like. Meanwhile, the perovskite battery device has the characteristics of being capable of being prepared by a full solution method, simple in manufacturing process, wide in raw material source, high in photoelectric conversion efficiency and the like, and conditions are created for large-scale production and manufacturing.
However, perovskite solar cells are susceptible to extreme conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, oxygen, corrosive chemicals, and external impacts in the environment during operation, resulting in device damage, performance degradation, and even failure, and cannot operate stably in the natural environment for a long period of time. In order to ensure that the battery can work efficiently and stably for a long time, the battery piece is required to be packaged, moisture and oxygen are isolated, and the stability of the perovskite solar cell is improved. The printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell carbon back electrode has a porous structure, the surface of the porous structure is rough, a plurality of holes are formed in the porous structure, and the holes cannot be effectively filled with hot melt adhesive, so that the packaging effect is poor. In addition, high temperature and vacuum operation are generally required in the packaging process of the perovskite solar cell, and the high temperature and vacuum process can accelerate the decomposition of the perovskite material, thereby affecting the performance of the perovskite solar cell; after the hot melt adhesive is aged, polar small molecules are released, and the perovskite functional material is damaged. Therefore, there is a need to devise a packaging method suitable for printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells based on carbon electrodes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an encapsulated perovskite solar cell that enhances the stability of the perovskite solar cell. Further, the encapsulated perovskite solar cell of the invention has little impact on the performance of the perovskite solar cell. In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the packaged perovskite solar cell, which is simple and convenient to operate, has good packaging effect, does not need to operate under high temperature and vacuum, and has little influence on the performance of the perovskite solar cell.
In one aspect, the present invention provides an encapsulated perovskite solar cell comprising a back electrode layer and a polymer layer, the polymer layer comprising a first polymer layer and a second polymer layer; the first polymer layer is arranged on the back electrode layer; the back electrode layer is a carbon electrode with a porous structure, the second polymer layer is filled in the back electrode layer, and the polymer layer is formed by a polymer with the following structure:
wherein X is selected from alkylene groups having 0 to 5 carbon atoms, Y is selected from H or alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, Z is selected from alkylene groups having 0 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is selected from integers of 7 or more.
On one hand, the polymer layer can be fully filled into the porous structure of the carbon back electrode of the perovskite solar cell under mild conditions, so that the water and oxygen blocking protection is realized, and the stability of the perovskite cell is improved. On the other hand, after being packaged by the polymer layer, the perovskite light absorption material is completely sealed in the holes of the mesoporous material, and the perovskite self-assembly network in the mesopores is forcedly compressed by the space confinement effect, so that the perovskite crystal has compressive stress, and the stability of the device can be obviously improved; meanwhile, the polymer layer blocks the escape channel of the organic component in the perovskite light absorbing material, so that the damage of the subsequent packaging process to the perovskite solar cell is avoided, the stability of the perovskite solar cell is further improved, and the operable space of the packaging process is expanded.
In the present invention, X may preferably contain an alkylene group having 0 to 2 carbon atoms. Y may preferably contain an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms. Z may preferably contain an alkylene group containing 0 to 2 carbon atoms. n may be selected from integers from 200 to 600.
Examples of the polymer of the present invention include, but are not limited to, polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polypropyl acrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polypropyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, and polymethyl methacrylate. According to one embodiment of the invention, the polymer is polymethyl methacrylate.
The back electrode layer of the present invention has a porous structure. Preferably, the back electrode layer has a mesoporous structure. The back electrode layer is a carbon electrode. The back electrode layer may be formed of graphite, carbon black, graphene, or carbon nanotubes. According to one embodiment of the invention, the back electrode layer is formed of graphite.
The polymer layer includes a first polymer layer and a second polymer layer. The first polymer layer is disposed on the back electrode layer. According to one embodiment of the invention, the shape and area of the first polymer layer is the same as the shape and area of the back electrode layer. The thickness of the first polymer layer may be 0.05 to 1mm; preferably 0.1 to 0.5mm. The second polymer layer fills in the pores of the porous structure of the perovskite solar cell. In certain embodiments, the second polymer layer fills in the back electrode layer. In other embodiments, the second polymer layer fills in the electron transport layer, the insulating spacer layer, and the back electrode layer. The first polymer layer and the second polymer layer are both connected.
According to the encapsulated perovskite solar cell of the invention, preferably, the encapsulated perovskite solar cell further comprises a transparent conductive substrate, an electron transport layer with a porous structure, an insulating spacer layer with a porous structure and a perovskite layer, wherein the electron transport layer, the insulating spacer layer, the back electrode layer and the first polymer layer are sequentially arranged on the transparent conductive substrate, and the perovskite layer and the second polymer layer are filled in the electron transport layer, the insulating spacer layer and the back electrode layer;
the perovskite layer is formed from a compound having the structure shown below:
ABX 3
wherein a is a monovalent cation selected from cations formed from one or more of methylamine, formamidine or cesium; b is a divalent cation selected from cations formed by one or more of lead or tin; x is a monovalent anion selected from anions formed from one or more of iodine, bromine, chlorine or halogen-like compounds. Examples of halogen-like forming anions include, but are not limited to, BF 4 - 、SCN - 。
The transparent conductive substrate of the present invention may be formed by depositing fluorine doped tin oxide or tin doped indium oxide on transparent glass or transparent polymer. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the transparent conductive substrate is formed by depositing fluorine doped tin oxide on transparent glass.
The electron transport layer of the present invention has a porous structure. The electron transport layer may have a mesoporous structure. The electron transport layer may be formed of titanium oxide, tin oxide, or barium stannate. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electron transport layer is formed of titanium dioxide.
The insulating spacer layer of the present invention has a porous structure. The insulating spacer layer may have a mesoporous structure. The insulating spacer layer may be formed of zirconia, silica, or alumina. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electron transport layer is formed of zirconia.
The perovskite layer of the invention is filled in the holes of the electron transport layer, the insulating spacer layer and the back electrode layer. The perovskite layer may be formed from a compound having the structure shown below:
ABX 3
in the present invention, a may be selected from methylamine, formamidine or a cation formed of an alkali metal. Preferably, a is a methylamine forming cation.
In the present invention, B may be selected from cations formed by lead or tin. Preferably, B is a lead forming cation.
In the present invention, X may be selected from anions formed by iodine, bromine, chlorine or halogen-like compounds. Preferably, X is iodine. Examples of halogen-like forming anions include, but are not limited to, BF 4 - 、SCN - 。
According to one embodiment of the invention, the perovskite layer is formed by CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 And (5) forming.
The encapsulated perovskite solar cell according to the invention, preferably, the transparent conductive substrate is formed by depositing fluorine doped tin oxide or tin doped indium oxide on transparent glass or transparent polymer; the electron transport layer is formed of titanium dioxide, tin oxide or barium stannate; the insulating spacer layer is formed of zirconium dioxide, silicon dioxide or aluminum oxide; the back electrode layer is formed of graphite, carbon black, graphene or carbon nanotubes.
The thickness of the first polymer layer of the encapsulated perovskite solar cell according to the invention is preferably 0.05-1 mm.
According to the packaged perovskite solar cell of the invention, preferably, a blank area is arranged around the back electrode layer, and an edge waterproof film is arranged on the blank area;
a hot melt adhesive film is arranged on the first polymer layer;
the waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive film are covered with a back plate layer.
The edge waterproofing membrane of the present invention may be formed of butyl tape. The shape and area of the edge waterproofing membrane may be the same as the shape and area of the blank area.
The hot melt adhesive film of the present invention may be formed of polyurethane, polyolefin elastomer, polyvinyl acetate, polyethersulfone resin, copolyamide, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer or polyvinyl butyral. Preferably, the hot melt adhesive film may be formed of polyurethane, polyolefin elastomer, polyvinyl acetate. More preferably, the hot melt adhesive film is formed of polyurethane. The polyurethane may be a polyurethane of the type HSL-U60 available from Dongguan constant liter Dragon film technology Co. The shape and area of the hot melt adhesive film may be the same as those of the back electrode layer.
The backsheet layer of the present invention may be formed of glass, ceramic or solid resin. According to one embodiment of the invention, the backing layer is formed of glass. The thickness of the backing layer may be 0.5 to 5mm, preferably 1 to 3mm. The back electrode layer and the blank area form a surface to be packaged. The shape and area of the back sheet layer may be the same as the shape and area of the face to be packaged.
The encapsulated perovskite solar cell according to the invention, preferably, the shape and area of the first polymer layer is the same as the shape and area of the back electrode layer; the shape and the area of the hot melt adhesive film are the same as those of the back electrode layer; the shape and the area of the edge waterproof membrane are the same as those of the blank area; the back electrode layer and the blank area form a surface to be packaged, and the shape and the area of the back electrode layer are the same as those of the surface to be packaged.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the encapsulated perovskite solar cell, which comprises the following steps: the polymer dispersion is coated on the back electrode layer of the perovskite solar cell to form a polymer layer.
The preparation method according to the present invention preferably further comprises the steps of: the polymer is dissolved in a solvent selected from one or more of ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, chloroform, cyanoacrylate, terpineol, phenol, anisole to form a polymer dispersion.
The polymer dispersion of the present invention may be formed by stirring a polymer and a solvent. The solvent may be selected from one or more of ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, cyanoacrylate, terpineol. Preferably, the solvent is ethyl acetate. The temperature of stirring can be 25-50 ℃; preferably 40 to 50 ℃.
The concentration of the polymer in the polymer dispersion of the invention may be from 5 to 45% by weight, preferably from 15 to 25% by weight. Thus, the film coating is convenient, and a better packaging effect can be achieved.
The coating method may be selected from a dipping method, a dispensing method, a printing method, a knife coating method, a spraying method, a slit coating method, or a dispenser filling method. According to one embodiment of the invention, the coating method is a printing method.
According to the production method of the present invention, preferably, the perovskite solar cell coated with the polymer dispersion is left to stand at 25 to 150 ℃ for 10 to 30 minutes, thereby forming the polymer layer.
The temperature at which the polymer dispersion liquid is allowed to stand on the back electrode layer in the present invention may be 45 to 100 ℃; preferably 50 to 70 ℃. The heating device may be a heat station or a laminator. The standing time can be 10-30 min; preferably 12 to 25 minutes; more preferably 15 to 20 minutes. Such temperature and time are necessary for curing the polymer, and can ensure the encapsulation effect while ensuring that the perovskite solar cell is not affected by high temperature.
The preparation method according to the present invention preferably comprises the steps of:
(1) Coating the polymer dispersion liquid on a back electrode layer of a perovskite solar cell, and standing for 10-30 min at 25-150 ℃ to form a polymer layer;
(2) Adhering an edge waterproof film on the blank area;
(3) Placing hot melt adhesive on the first polymer layer, and standing for 10-30 min at 80-150 ℃ to change the hot melt adhesive into fluid;
(4) Covering the back plate layer on the edge waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive fluid, and enabling the back plate layer to be in close contact with the edge waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive fluid; and cooling and solidifying the hot melt adhesive fluid to obtain the packaged perovskite solar cell.
The numbering of steps (1) to (4) is for illustration purposes only and does not limit the order between steps (1) to (4). The order of the steps may be altered or even some of the steps may be performed simultaneously without affecting the achievement of the objective of the present invention.
In the invention, the temperature of the hot melt adhesive which is kept standing on the first polymer layer is 80-150 ℃; preferably 50 to 95 ℃. The standing time is 10 to 30 minutes, preferably 15 to 25 minutes. The heating device may be a heat station or a laminator.
According to the invention, the polymer layer is applied on the back electrode layer, so that the hot melt adhesive and the perovskite solar cell can be effectively blocked, and the polymer layer can effectively fill the holes in the back electrode layer, thereby improving the encapsulation effect of the perovskite solar cell and improving the stability of the solar cell. The holes of the back plate electrode layer, the electron transport layer and the insulating spacer layer are filled with halide perovskite, the polymer layer is fully filled in the parts which are not filled with perovskite in the holes, and the organic functional groups of the polymer are coordinately bonded with the perovskite material, so that the perovskite material is protected from the molecular layer, and the perovskite material is prevented from being contacted with the hot melt adhesive. The preparation method of the invention does not need to be carried out under high temperature and vacuum conditions, and further ensures the stability of the perovskite material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a current-voltage characteristic of the unpackaged and packaged perovskite solar cell of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a current-voltage characteristic curve of the unpackaged and packaged perovskite solar cell of comparative example 1.
Fig. 3 is a graph of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the packaged perovskite solar cell of example 1 over time.
Fig. 4 is a graph of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the packaged perovskite solar cell of comparative example 1 over time.
Wherein the ordinate of fig. 3 and 4 represents the ratio of the corresponding parameter measured at the time indicated by the abscissa to the corresponding parameter at the time indicated by the abscissa of 0.
Detailed Description
In the following examples and comparative examples, polymethyl methacrylate had a polymerization degree of 400, and a hot melt adhesive of polyurethane type HSL-U60, purchased from Dongguan constant Dragon film technology Co., ltd.
Example 1
The unencapsulated perovskite solar cell is composed of a transparent conductive substrate, an electron transport layer, an insulating spacer layer, a back electrode layer, and a perovskite layer. An electron transport layer, an insulating spacer layer and a back electrode layer are sequentially arranged on the transparent conductive substrate. The electron transport layer, the insulating spacer layer and the back electrode layer all have mesoporous structures. The perovskite layer is filled in the holes of the electron transport layer, the insulating spacer layer and the back electrode layer. A blank area is arranged around the back electrode layer. The transparent conductive substrate is formed by depositing fluorine doped tin oxide on transparent glass, the electron transport layer is formed by titanium dioxide, the insulating spacer layer is formed by zirconium dioxide, the back electrode layer is formed by graphite, and the perovskite layer is formed by CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 And (5) forming.
The packaged perovskite solar cell comprises the perovskite solar cell, a polymer layer, an edge waterproof film, a hot melt adhesive film and a back plate layer, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Polymethyl methacrylate and ethyl acetate were stirred at 45 ℃ to form a polymer dispersion (concentration of polymethyl methacrylate 20 wt%); coating the polymer dispersion liquid on a back electrode plate in a printing mode, and then standing for 20min at 70 ℃ on a hot table to form a polymer layer; the polymer layer comprises a first polymer layer covered on the back electrode plate and a second polymer layer filled in the electron transmission layer, the insulating spacer layer and the back electrode layer, wherein the first polymer layer is connected with the second polymer layer, the thickness of the first polymer layer is 0.3mm, and the shape and the area of the first polymer layer are the same as those of the back electrode layer;
(2) Adhering a butyl tape to the blank area to form an edge waterproof film; the shape and the area of the edge waterproof membrane are the same as those of the blank area;
(3) Placing a hot melt adhesive on the first polymer layer, and standing at 90 ℃ on a hot table for 20min to change the hot melt adhesive into fluid;
(4) Covering the back plate layer on the edge waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive fluid, and enabling the back plate layer to be in close contact with the edge waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive fluid; and cooling the hot melt adhesive fluid to room temperature for solidification to form a hot melt adhesive film, and completing the encapsulation of the perovskite solar cell.
The shape and the area of the hot melt adhesive film are the same as those of the backboard electrode; the electrode layer and the blank area form a surface to be packaged, the shape and the area of the back plate layer are the same as those of the surface to be packaged, and the thickness of the back plate layer is 2mm.
Comparative example 1
The unencapsulated perovskite solar cell was identical to example 1, and the encapsulated perovskite solar cell did not contain a polymer layer, and was prepared as follows:
(1) Adhering a butyl tape to the blank area to form an edge waterproof film; the shape and the area of the edge waterproof membrane are the same as those of the blank area;
(2) Placing hot melt adhesive on the back electrode layer, and standing at 90 ℃ on a hot table for 20min to change the hot melt adhesive into fluid;
(3) Covering the back plate layer on the edge waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive fluid, and enabling the back plate layer to be in close contact with the edge waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive fluid; cooling the hot melt adhesive fluid to room temperature for solidification to form a hot melt adhesive film, and completing the encapsulation of the perovskite solar cell;
the shape and the area of the hot melt adhesive film are the same as those of the backboard electrode; the electrode layer and the blank area form a surface to be packaged, the shape and the area of the back plate layer are the same as those of the surface to be packaged, and the thickness of the back plate layer is 2mm.
ExperimentExample(s)
1.1 testing of the current-voltage characteristics of perovskite solar cells:
perovskite solar cells before and after encapsulation of example 1 and comparative example were tested using a solar simulator manufactured by Newport corporation in the united states together with a figure source meter test system of the Keithley 2400 series. The standard silicon cell was used as a reference before the test, and the test was conducted under the conditions of 1 standard solar light intensity (AM1.5G, 100mW/cm 2 ) Calibration is performed as follows. The test temperature was 25 ℃. The results obtained are shown in FIGS. 1-2 and Table 1.
TABLE 1
Note that: the perovskite solar cell before encapsulation of example 1 and comparative example 1 was the same perovskite solar cell, and the small deviation of short-circuit current, fill factor and photoelectric conversion efficiency was caused by the difference in individual perovskite solar cells and the test deviation.
As can be seen from table 1, the packaged perovskite solar cell of example 1 showed little change in open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, and photoelectric conversion rate from the perovskite solar cell before packaging; the packaged perovskite solar cell of comparative example 1 was significantly lower in open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, and photoelectric conversion than the perovskite solar cell prior to packaging. The encapsulated perovskite solar cell of example 1 has little impact on the performance of the perovskite solar cell.
1.2 stability test:
the maximum power point sustained output stability of the packaged perovskite solar cells of example 1 and comparative example 1 was tested using an environmental simulation experiment box. The conditions simulated by the environment simulation experiment box are as follows: at 50.+ -. 5 ℃ 1 standard solar light intensity (AM1.5G, 100 mW/cm) 2 ) The illumination is continued.
The test results of the encapsulated perovskite solar cell of example 1 are shown in fig. 3. The test results of the encapsulated perovskite solar cell of comparative example 1 are shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the packaged perovskite solar cell of example 1 was superior to the packaged perovskite solar cell of comparative example 1 in terms of stability of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor and photoelectric conversion efficiency after 700 hours in a simulation test chamber. The encapsulated perovskite solar cell of example 1 can effectively improve the stability of the perovskite solar cell.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any modifications, improvements, substitutions, and the like, which may occur to those skilled in the art, fall within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An encapsulated perovskite solar cell, wherein the encapsulated perovskite solar cell comprises a back electrode layer and a polymer layer, the polymer layer comprising a first polymer layer and a second polymer layer; the first polymer layer is arranged on the back electrode layer; the back electrode layer is a carbon electrode with a porous structure, the second polymer layer is filled in the back electrode layer, and the polymer layer is formed by a polymer with the following structure:
wherein X is selected from alkylene groups containing 0 to 5 carbon atoms, Y is selected from H or alkyl groups containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, Z is selected from alkylene groups containing 0 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is selected from integers of 7 or more;
the packaged perovskite solar cell further comprises a transparent conductive substrate, an electron transmission layer with a porous structure, an insulating spacing layer with a porous structure and a perovskite layer, wherein the electron transmission layer, the insulating spacing layer, the back electrode layer and the first polymer layer are sequentially arranged on the transparent conductive substrate, and the perovskite layer and the second polymer layer are filled in the electron transmission layer, the insulating spacing layer and the back electrode layer;
the perovskite layer is formed from a compound having the structure shown below:
ABX 3
wherein a is a monovalent cation selected from cations formed from one or more of methylamine, formamidine or cesium; b is a divalent cation selected from cations formed by one or more of lead or tin; x is a monovalent anion selected from anions formed from one or more of iodine, bromine, chlorine or halogen-like compounds.
2. The encapsulated perovskite solar cell of claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive substrate is formed by depositing fluorine doped tin oxide or tin doped indium oxide on transparent glass or transparent polymer; the electron transport layer is formed of titanium dioxide, tin oxide or barium stannate; the insulating spacer layer is formed of zirconium dioxide, silicon dioxide or aluminum oxide; the back electrode layer is formed of graphite, carbon black, graphene or carbon nanotubes.
3. The encapsulated perovskite solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first polymer layer has a thickness of 0.05 to 1mm.
4. The packaged perovskite solar cell of claim 1, wherein a white space is provided around the back electrode layer, the white space having an edge water-resistant film disposed thereon;
a hot melt adhesive film is arranged on the first polymer layer;
the waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive film are covered with a back plate layer.
5. The encapsulated perovskite solar cell of claim 4, wherein the shape and area of the first polymer layer is the same as the shape and area of the back electrode layer; the shape and the area of the hot melt adhesive film are the same as those of the back electrode layer; the shape and the area of the edge waterproof membrane are the same as those of the blank area; the back electrode layer and the blank area form a surface to be packaged, and the shape and the area of the back electrode layer are the same as those of the surface to be packaged.
6. A method of manufacturing an encapsulated perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: the polymer dispersion is coated on the back electrode layer of the perovskite solar cell to form a polymer layer.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, further comprising the step of: the polymer is dissolved in a solvent selected from one or more of ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, chloroform, cyanoacrylate, terpineol, phenol, anisole to form a polymer dispersion.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, comprising the steps of: the perovskite solar cell coated with the polymer dispersion is left to stand for 10 to 30 minutes at 25 to 150 ℃ to form a polymer layer.
9. A method of manufacturing an encapsulated perovskite solar cell according to claim 4 or 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Coating the polymer dispersion liquid on a back electrode layer of a perovskite solar cell, and standing for 10-30 min at 25-150 ℃ to form a polymer layer;
(2) Adhering an edge waterproof film on the blank area;
(3) Placing hot melt adhesive on the first polymer layer, and standing for 10-30 min at 80-150 ℃ to change the hot melt adhesive into fluid;
(4) Covering the back plate layer on the edge waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive fluid, and enabling the back plate layer to be in close contact with the edge waterproof film and the hot melt adhesive fluid; and cooling and solidifying the hot melt adhesive fluid to obtain the packaged perovskite solar cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011493028.5A CN114649433B (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Encapsulated perovskite solar cell and method of making same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011493028.5A CN114649433B (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Encapsulated perovskite solar cell and method of making same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114649433A CN114649433A (en) | 2022-06-21 |
| CN114649433B true CN114649433B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
Family
ID=81990450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011493028.5A Active CN114649433B (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Encapsulated perovskite solar cell and method of making same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114649433B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20130059967A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-07 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | Solar cell module apparatus and method for fabricating of the same |
| CN105576135A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing large-area and all-solid-state perovskite mesoscopic solar cell and product |
| KR20170139826A (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-20 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Method of manufacturing perovskite solar cells and perovskite solar cells manufactured by the method |
| WO2018219154A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | 姚冀众 | Encapsulation perovskite solar cell module and encapsulation method therefor |
| CN109216556A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-15 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of perovskite solar battery of specific structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN109273609A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-01-25 | 湖北大学 | A kind of perovskite solar battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN110473973A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-19 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | The interface post-processing approach and solar battery of carbon-based perovskite solar battery |
| CN110660918A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-07 | 湖北万度光能有限责任公司 | Perovskite solar cell packaging method |
-
2020
- 2020-12-17 CN CN202011493028.5A patent/CN114649433B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20130059967A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-07 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | Solar cell module apparatus and method for fabricating of the same |
| CN105576135A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing large-area and all-solid-state perovskite mesoscopic solar cell and product |
| KR20170139826A (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-20 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Method of manufacturing perovskite solar cells and perovskite solar cells manufactured by the method |
| WO2018219154A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | 姚冀众 | Encapsulation perovskite solar cell module and encapsulation method therefor |
| CN108987585A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-11 | 姚冀众 | A kind of the perovskite solar cell module and its packaging method of encapsulation |
| CN110660918A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-07 | 湖北万度光能有限责任公司 | Perovskite solar cell packaging method |
| CN109216556A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-15 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of perovskite solar battery of specific structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN109273609A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-01-25 | 湖北大学 | A kind of perovskite solar battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN110473973A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-19 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | The interface post-processing approach and solar battery of carbon-based perovskite solar battery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114649433A (en) | 2022-06-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20030079772A1 (en) | Sealed photovoltaic modules | |
| CN110518121B (en) | Transfer method of flexible perovskite solar cell | |
| CN109713129B (en) | Perovskite thin-film solar module and preparation method thereof | |
| WO2004036683A1 (en) | Sensitized dye solar cell and sensitized dye solar cell module | |
| CN111697094A (en) | Light-transmitting double-sided cadmium telluride power generation glass and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102779904A (en) | Method for preventing adverse polarization and black line phenomena of crystalline-silicon solar module | |
| CN114649433B (en) | Encapsulated perovskite solar cell and method of making same | |
| CN101866759A (en) | Dye-sensitized solar cell | |
| Kim et al. | Liquid crystals embedded in polymeric electrolytes for quasi‐solid state dye‐sensitized solar cell applications | |
| CN110660919A (en) | Packaging method of perovskite solar cell | |
| CN105405667A (en) | Solid electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell based on ionic crystals | |
| CN102222731A (en) | Solar cell packaging method for improving conversion efficiency of solar cell | |
| KR101044338B1 (en) | Dye sensitized solar cell comprising negative electrode including nano oxide layer adsorbed with dye and polyatomic anion and preparation method thereof | |
| CN205508833U (en) | Solar battery packaging structure | |
| KR102522551B1 (en) | Semi-solid Electrolyte for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell and Manufacturing Method Using the Same | |
| JP2014022428A (en) | Solar cell and solar cell module | |
| KR20100106837A (en) | Method for sealing dye sensitized solar cell and method for preparing comprising the sealing method | |
| US20130008492A1 (en) | Porous film type solid electrolyte, dye-sensitized solar cell using the same, and manufacturing method thereof | |
| US20190198257A1 (en) | Dye-sensitized solar cell | |
| CN101071830A (en) | Method for preparing dye sensitized solar cel electrode | |
| KR100976236B1 (en) | Packaged organic and inorganic pv device | |
| CN220324468U (en) | Solar cell and photovoltaic module | |
| TWI445232B (en) | Polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells and method for manufacturing modules of dye-sensitized solar cells using the same | |
| CN100383981C (en) | Quasi-solid-state dye sensitized nano crystal salar battery and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JP2023510993A (en) | Printable curved perovskite solar cell and its manufacturing method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |