CN114645713A

CN114645713A - Strip mine side pressure coal mining method

Info

Publication number: CN114645713A
Application number: CN202210442576.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张强; 陈明军; 朱大鹏; 张小峰; 陈庆贺; 张雪瑞; 段景曦; 贺建伟; 原钢; 高丽; 黄振华; 杨杰; 马育华; 侯伟; 胡凌云
Original assignee: Taiyuan Institute of China Coal Technology and Engineering Group; Shanxi Tiandi Coal Mining Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Taiyuan Institute of China Coal Technology and Engineering Group; Shanxi Tiandi Coal Mining Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-25
Filing date: 2022-04-25
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Also published as: WO2023207041A1

Abstract

The invention discloses a strip mine slope pressing coal mining method, which comprises the steps of mining coal in a roadway; transporting the coal blocks out of the roadway; blowing air to the coal face, and meanwhile, exhausting air at the entrance of the roadway to replace the air in the roadway. The method for mining open-pit mine slope pressing coal has the advantages of high safety performance, good environment-friendly effect and the like.

Description

Open-pit mine slope coal-pressing mining method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a side pressing coal mining method for an open pit mine.

Background

In open pit coal mines in geological slippery areas, in order to prevent safety accidents such as landslide, a slow inclined slope side mining mode is generally adopted. The mining mode causes a large amount of coal pressing on the edge, and causes serious resource waste. The side mining method is a main method for solving the side coal pressing problem, but harmful substances such as gas and dust can be released from a coal layer in the mining process, so that the personal safety of operating personnel can be influenced, and the atmosphere is easily polluted.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a strip mine side pressing coal mining method which is high in safety performance.

The open-pit mine slope coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

coal mining is carried out in the roadway;

transporting the coal blocks out of the roadway;

blowing air to the coal face, and meanwhile, exhausting air at the entrance of the roadway to replace the air in the roadway.

The method for mining open-pit mine slope pressing coal has the advantages of high safety performance, good environment-friendly effect and the like.

In some embodiments, the steps of mining coal in the roadway, blowing air towards the coal face, and extracting air at the entrance to the roadway are performed simultaneously.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises: the entrance in tunnel installation air door to make the periphery wall of air door with the internal perisporium sealing connection in tunnel.

In some embodiments, the coal face is blown with an air inlet duct having a first end and a second end in the direction of extension thereof, the first end being disposed outside the roadway and the second end being disposed within the roadway, the distance between the first end and the air door being greater than 5 meters.

In some embodiments, utilize the exhaust pipe to discharge the air in the tunnel, the one end of exhaust pipe is established outside the tunnel and with the atmosphere intercommunication, the other end of exhaust pipe with intercommunication in the tunnel, just the amount of wind of exhaust pipe is greater than 1.2 times the amount of wind of air inlet pipe.

In some embodiments, coal mining is performed by using a coal mining device, the coal blocks are transported by using a coal transporting device, the coal mining device is connected with the coal transporting device, the coal transporting device comprises a plurality of coal transporting units, the air inlet pipeline comprises a plurality of air inlet pipes, the plurality of coal transporting units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of air inlet pipes, each coal transporting unit is connected with each air inlet pipe, and the coal transporting units and the air inlet pipes are additionally installed on the coal transporting device outside the roadway when the coal mining device advances; when the coal mining device retreats, the coal conveying unit and the air inlet pipe are detached from the coal conveying device outside the roadway.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises:

detecting the real-time gas concentration of the gas in the roadway;

and if the real-time gas concentration is greater than the preset gas concentration, sending a first-level early warning.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises: and after the primary early warning is sent out, stopping coal mining in the roadway, stopping coal transportation outside the roadway, and increasing the air volume of the exhaust pipeline and the air volume of the air inlet pipeline.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises:

detecting the wind speed in the air inlet pipeline in the roadway and recording the wind speed as a first wind speed;

detecting the wind speed in the air inlet pipeline outside the roadway and recording the wind speed as a second wind speed;

and if the difference value of the first wind speed and the second wind speed is larger than or equal to a preset value, sending out a secondary early warning.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises: if the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed, the difference value between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is less than or equal to the preset gas concentration, checking whether the air inlet pipeline outside the roadway is damaged;

if the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed, the difference value between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is greater than the preset gas concentration, stopping coal mining in the roadway, stopping coal transportation outside the roadway, increasing the wind speed of air draft, and then checking whether an air inlet pipeline in the roadway is damaged or not;

if the difference value of the first wind speed and the second wind speed is smaller than the preset numerical value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is larger than the preset gas concentration, coal mining is stopped in the roadway, coal transportation to the outside of the roadway is stopped, and the air volume of the air inlet pipeline and the air volume of the air exhaust pipeline are increased.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal mining device, a coal conveying device air inlet pipeline and an air exhaust pipeline of a strip mine highwall coal-pressing mining method according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a coal conveying unit and an air inlet duct of the strip mine highwall coal caving method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a damper for a surface highwall coal mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a damper and a damper drive for a highwall coal mining method of an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the damper and another damper drive of a highwall coal mining method of an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

an air inlet pipeline 1; a connecting pipe 11; an air inlet pipe 12; an exhaust duct 2; a first fan 3; a second fan 4; a dust removal assembly 5; a dust remover 51; a hopper 52;

a damper 6; an air outlet 61; an avoidance zone 62; a door curtain 63; an air bag 64; a door frame 65;

a damper driving member 7; a rotary cylinder 71; a connecting rod 72; a support frame 73;

a heading machine 8; a cutting assembly 81; an image acquisition component 82; a coal conveying device 9; a coal conveying unit 91; a coal handling component 911; a drive component 912; a fixing frame 913; a first connection portion 914; a second connection portion 915; a stepping platform 10;

a roadway 200; a coal face 201; a roadway entry 202.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the method for mining open pit side brims according to the embodiment of the present invention includes that, as will be known to those skilled in the art, when a coal mine is mined in a roadway 200, a large amount of toxic and harmful substances such as dust, gas, carbon monoxide, etc. are generated in the roadway 200, so that not only the atmosphere is polluted, but also the life safety of operators is jeopardized.

coal mining is performed in the roadway 200.

The coal is transported out of the roadway 200.

Air is blown to the coal face 201 and, at the same time, air is extracted at the entrance of the tunnel 200 to replace the gas in the tunnel 200.

When the side coal mine is mined by the open-pit mine side coal-pressing mining method, firstly, a tunnel 200 is dug on the open-pit mine side, and then coal mining operation and coal conveying operation are carried out in the tunnel 200. It is understood that, depending on the actual operating conditions, the coal mining operation and the coal transporting operation may be performed simultaneously, for example, the coal is transported to the outside of the roadway 200 while mining the coal. Or the coal mining operation and the coal transporting operation can be performed at different times, for example, the coal transporting operation is stopped when the coal mining operation is performed; or when the coal conveying operation is carried out, the coal mining operation is stopped.

When the open-pit mine side-slope coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for mining side-slope coal mines, ventilation and dust removal operation is required, fresh airflow outside the roadway 200 is conveyed to the position near the coal face 201, and air is sucked at the roadway inlet 202, so that the concentration of toxic and harmful substances such as dust, gas and carbon monoxide in the roadway 200 is reduced, and then the air in the roadway 200 is replaced in time, so that the toxic and harmful substances such as dust, gas and carbon monoxide are discharged from the roadway 200.

For example, air is blown at a distance of 1-5 meters near the coal face 201. Air is drawn at the roadway entry 202 or within 10 meters of the roadway 200 from the roadway entry 202.

It should be noted that, according to the actual working condition, the ventilation dust removal operation and the coal mining operation may be performed at the same time or may not be performed at the same time. The ventilation dust removal operation and the coal conveying operation can be carried out at the same time or at different times.

In the related art, in order to ensure ventilation safety in the side mining process, nitrogen is injected into the roadway 200 of the side so as to reduce the oxygen content in the roadway 200 and ensure ventilation safety, but the method has the problems of high economic cost, incapability of timely treating dust and the like. In another related art, the dust in the roadway 200 can be sucked and purified by means of air draft and dust removal. However, due to the size limitation of the equipment in the roadway 200, the gas and dust generated at the cutting head of the heading machine 8 cannot be processed in time, thereby causing certain potential safety hazards.

When the open-pit mine side-slope coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for mining the side-slope coal mine, operators do not need to enter the tunnel 200, and the open-pit mine side-slope coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention can prevent harmful substances such as dust or gas in the tunnel 200 from diffusing into the atmosphere, so that the operation safety is improved, and the safe and green mining of the side-slope coal-pressing is ensured.

Therefore, the open-pit mine slope coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high safety performance, good environment-friendly effect and the like. In other embodiments, the surface side coal caving method of embodiments of the present invention further includes de-dusting the gas extracted from the roadway 200.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, a dust removing assembly 5 is provided outside the roadway 200, the dust removing assembly 5 includes a dust remover 51 and a hopper 52, and the hopper 52 is connected to the dust remover 51 and is located below the dust remover 51. Hopper 52 and dust remover 51 sealing connection will follow the gas that takes out in tunnel 200 and let in dust removal component 5, fall into hopper 52 by the filterable dust of dust remover 51 under the effect of gravity in to recycle, thereby not only can avoid dust pollution atmosphere, can improve resource utilization moreover.

In some embodiments, the steps of coal mining, blowing air to the coal face 201, and extracting air at the entrance to the roadway 200 are performed simultaneously within the roadway 200. Therefore, coal conveying operation is carried out while coal mining operation is carried out, so that a mined coal mine can be timely conveyed to the outside of the roadway 200 from the roadway 200, and coal mining operation, coal conveying operation and ventilation and dust removal operation are simultaneously carried out, so that toxic and harmful substances such as dust, gas, carbon monoxide and the like generated in the coal mining operation and coal conveying operation processes are timely discharged, the time of staying of the harmful substances in the roadway 200 is reduced or even avoided, normal operation of the coal mining operation and the coal conveying operation is guaranteed, and coal mining efficiency is improved.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises: the damper 6 is installed at the entrance of the tunnel 200, and the outer circumferential wall of the damper 6 is sealingly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the tunnel 200.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, the damper 6 is provided at the roadway entrance 202, so that the effective air wall can be formed at the roadway entrance 202 by the damper 6 in the open pit side pressure coal mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention, thereby suppressing the diffusion of harmful substances such as dust and gas in the roadway 200 to the outside of the roadway 200, and further improving the safety of the open pit side pressure coal mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Optionally, the damper 6 is provided in the roadway 200 with a distance between the damper 6 and the roadway entry 202 of less than 3 m.

In some embodiments, air is blown towards the coal face 201 by means of the air intake duct 1, the air intake duct 1 having a first end and a second end in the direction of extension thereof, the first end being arranged outside the roadway 200 and the second end being arranged inside the roadway 200, the distance between the first end and the damper 6 being greater than 5 meters.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, the extending direction of the air intake duct 1 coincides with the left-right direction shown in fig. 1, the first end of the air intake duct 1 is the left end of the air intake duct 1, and the second end of the air intake duct 1 is the right end of the air intake duct 1. The left end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is located outside the roadway 200 and communicated with the atmosphere, and the right end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is arranged near the coal face 201. In the left-right direction, the distance between the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1 and the air door 6 is more than 5 meters. Therefore, air with dust near the air door 6 can be prevented from entering the roadway 200 through the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1, so that the air in the air inlet pipeline 1 is ensured to be fresh air, and the dust removal efficiency of the open pit mine side pressing coal mining method is improved.

It should be noted that, a first fan 3 is arranged at the right end of the air inlet pipeline 1, the first fan 3 is located in the roadway 200, and the first fan 3 is used to facilitate the introduction of the airflow outside the roadway 200 into the roadway 200.

Optionally, the first fan 3 and the second fan 4 are axial fans.

In some embodiments, the air in the tunnel 200 is exhausted by using the exhaust pipeline 2, one end of the exhaust pipeline 2 is disposed outside the tunnel 200 and is communicated with the atmosphere, the other end of the exhaust pipeline 2 is communicated with the tunnel 200, and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline 2 is greater than that of the air volume of the air inlet pipeline 1.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, the right end of the exhaust pipeline 2 can be communicated with the interior of the roadway 200, the left end of the exhaust pipeline 2 is connected with the dust removal component 5, harmful substances in the roadway 200 are diluted in the roadway 200 and then enter the dust removal component 5 through the exhaust pipeline 2, the dust removal component 5 can filter out solid particles such as dust, and toxic gases such as gas, carbon monoxide and the like are diluted in a safe range, so that the operator is not worried that the harmful gases such as gas, carbon monoxide and the like can harm the safety of the operator.

The exhaust air volume of the exhaust air pipeline 2 is 1.2 times larger than the intake air volume of the intake air pipeline 1, for example, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust air pipeline 2 is 1.2 times, 1.3 times, 2 times, 3 times, etc. larger than the intake air volume of the intake air pipeline 1. Therefore, the open-pit mine side coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention can ensure that harmful substances such as dust or gas in the roadway 200 can completely enter the atmosphere through the exhaust pipeline 2, so that the harmful substances such as dust or gas are prevented from entering the atmosphere through the roadway inlet 202, and the environment-friendly effect is good.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, an exhaust port 61 and an evacuation zone 62 are provided on the damper 6, the exhaust port 61 is communicated with an exhaust duct, and the evacuation zone 62 facilitates the air intake pipeline 1 to pass through. The positions of the air outlet 61 and the avoidance area 62 are designed according to the relative positions of the air exhaust pipeline 2 and the air inlet pipeline 1, for example, the air exhaust pipeline 2 is arranged above the air inlet pipeline 1, and the air outlet 61 is arranged above the avoidance area 62; alternatively, the exhaust duct 2 and the intake duct 1 are disposed at the same height, and the exhaust port 61 and the evacuation area 62 are disposed at the same height.

Because the width of the roadway 200 is limited, preferably, the exhaust pipeline 2 is arranged above the air inlet pipeline 1, and the exhaust port 61 is arranged above the avoidance area 62, so that the air door 6 of the open pit side coal caving mining method of the embodiment of the invention has a compact structure and is convenient to adapt to the width of the roadway 200.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, an air bag 64 is provided between the outer peripheral side of the damper 6 and the inner peripheral side of the tunnel 200 to seal the damper 6 and the tunnel 200. For example, the airbag 64 is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the damper 6, and when the open pit side pressure coal mining method is operated, the airbag 64 is inflated to form effective sealing at the contact portion between the damper 6 and the roadway 200, so that the sealing performance of the damper 6 is improved, and harmful substances such as dust and gas in the roadway 200 are prevented from diffusing out of the roadway 200, thereby improving the safety of the open pit side pressure coal mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the damper 6 includes a door curtain 63, a door frame 65, and a damper driving member 7, the airbag 64 is connected to the door frame 65, and the lower end of the door curtain 63 is shaped to fit the outer peripheral shape of the air intake duct 1, thereby restricting the escape area 62 so that the air intake duct 1 passes through the damper 6. The damper driving member 7 is provided outside the damper 6 to control opening and closing of the damper 6.

When the air door 6 works, the air door 6 is driven to the position of the roadway inlet 202 by the air door driving piece 7, and then the air bag 64 is inflated, so that the air bag 64 is attached to the inner peripheral wall of the roadway 200, and dust or gas in the roadway 200 is reduced from leaking to the outside of the roadway 200. Utilize door curtain 63 to shelter from near the air inlet pipe way 1, guarantee air inlet pipe way 1's normal use promptly, can further reduce again in the tunnel 200 dust or gas and reveal to the tunnel 200 outside. After the mining operation is completed, the air in the air bag 64 is released and the damper 6 is removed from the roadway entry 202 using the damper driver 7.

Optionally, the damper driver 7 is a hydraulic ram. The number of the hydraulic oil cylinders can be multiple, and the multiple hydraulic oil cylinders are arranged at intervals.

Since the damper 6 is provided with the escape area 62, it is impossible for the damper 6 to completely block the tunnel entrance 202, and the dust concentration in the air becomes higher at the position closer to the damper 6 outside the tunnel 200.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the damper driver 7 includes two identically configured telescoping members to control the movement of the damper 6 in the left and right directions.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the damper driver 7 includes a swivel cylinder 71, a link 72, and a support bracket 73. The rotary oil cylinder 71 is fixed on the stepping platform 10, one end of the connecting rod 72 is connected with the rotary oil cylinder 71, the other end of the connecting rod 72 is connected with the air door 6 in a welding mode, the middle of the connecting rod 72 is hinged to the supporting frame 73, and when the oil cylinder extends out, the right end of the connecting rod 72 moves upwards relative to the supporting frame 73 to drive the air door 6 to move upwards, so that the air door 6 is separated from the roadway 200. When the oil cylinder retracts, the right end of the connecting rod 72 moves downwards relative to the supporting frame 73, so that the air door 6 is driven to move downwards and is tightly attached to the roadway 200.

In other embodiments, the coal transporting device 9 further comprises a stepping platform 10, the damper driving member 7 is connected with the stepping platform 10, and the exhaust duct 2 is fixed on the stepping platform 10.

In some embodiments, coal mining is performed by using a coal mining device, coal blocks are transported by using a coal transporting device 9, the coal mining device is connected with the coal transporting device 9, the coal transporting device 9 comprises a plurality of coal transporting units 91, the air inlet pipeline 1 comprises an air inlet pipe 12, the air inlet pipe 12 comprises a plurality of air inlet pipes 12, the plurality of coal transporting units 91 correspond to the plurality of air inlet pipes 12 one by one, each coal transporting unit 91 is connected with each air inlet pipe 12, and when the coal mining device moves forward, the coal transporting units 91 and the air inlet pipes 12 are additionally arranged on the coal transporting device 9 outside the roadway 200; when the coal mining device retreats, the coal conveying unit 91 and the air inlet pipe 12 are detached from the coal conveying device 9 outside the roadway 200.

For example, the coal mining apparatus includes a heading machine 8, and the coal seam in the roadway 200 is mined by the heading machine 8. The coal transporting unit 91 is connected with the heading machine 8, and the coal blocks excavated by the heading machine 8 can be transported to the outside of the tunnel 200 through the coal transporting unit 91. Fortune coal unit 91 and air-supply line 12 all are equipped with a plurality ofly, and two adjacent fortune coal unit 91 detachably link to each other, and a plurality of air-supply lines 12 intercommunication each other and two adjacent air-supply lines 12 detachably link to each other. And the coal conveying units 91 are connected with the air inlet pipes 12 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, in other words, the coal conveying device 9 has multiple sections, and the air inlet pipeline 1 has multiple sections.

It should be noted that the first fan 3 is disposed in the tunnel 200, and preferably, the first fan 3 is disposed on the air inlet pipe 12 adjacent to the heading machine 8, and the first fan 3 is used for supplying air into the tunnel 200, so that the air inlet pipe 12 does not need to be detached when the heading machine 8 moves forward or backward. Further, the coal transporting unit 91 immediately adjacent to the heading machine 8 does not need to be detached when the heading machine 8 advances or retreats. Other coal transporting units 91 and the air inlet duct 12 are selectively used according to the length of the tunnel 200.

According to the strip mine side coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the heading machine 8 continuously advances, the coal conveying unit 91 is additionally arranged on the coal conveying device 9 outside the roadway 200, and the air inlet pipe 12 is additionally arranged on the air inlet pipeline 1 outside the roadway 200. When the heading machine 8 is continuously retreated, the coal conveying unit 91 is detached from the coal conveying device 9 outside the tunnel 200, and the air inlet duct 12 is detached from the air inlet duct 1 outside the tunnel 200. Therefore, the open pit mine side coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention can flexibly adjust the lengths of the coal mining device and the air inlet pipeline 1 according to the actual working condition of the open pit side, thereby improving the coal mining efficiency.

Alternatively, the coal mining device can also be other coal mining equipment such as a continuous miner.

In other embodiments, when the coal transporting units 91 are operated in the roadway 200 and move in the left-right direction, one end of each coal transporting unit 91 is provided with a first connecting portion 914, the other end of each coal transporting unit 91 is provided with a second connecting portion 915, and two adjacent coal transporting units 91 are connected through the first connecting portions 914 and the second connecting portions 915.

For example, the first connection portion 914 and the second connection portion 915 are coupled together by a snap or hook fit. Thereby, the connection and separation of the two adjacent coal conveying units 91 are facilitated.

In other embodiments, the coal mining device comprises a heading machine 8, the heading machine 8 comprises a heading machine 8 body and a cutting assembly 81, the cutting assembly 81 is swingably provided on the heading machine 8 body, the air inlet duct 1 comprises a connecting pipe 11 and a plurality of air inlet pipes 12, the connecting pipe 11 is communicated with the air inlet pipes 12, the connecting pipe 11 is fixed on the cutting assembly 81 of the heading machine 8, and the connecting pipe 11 is swingably connected with the air inlet pipes 12 so as to swing with the cutting assembly 81. Further, cutting assembly 81 is established at the right-hand member of entry driving machine 8, and cutting assembly 81 is used for quarrying the highwall coal, and cutting assembly 81 can swing so that the highwall coal of different positions is quarryed to the entry driving machine 8 body relatively. The connecting pipe 11 is fixed on the cutting assembly 81, so that the connecting pipe 11 can blow air to the coal mining face in time when the cutting assembly 81 mines highwall coal, so as to dilute harmful gas such as gas released in a coal seam near the coal mining face 201.

In other embodiments, a flexible section is provided between the connection duct 11 and the air inlet duct 12 so that the connection duct 11 oscillates relative to the air inlet duct 12. It should be noted that the flexible segment must be a skeletal air duct so that the connecting duct 11 can move relative to the air inlet duct 12.

Optionally, a flexible section is provided between two adjacent segments of the air inlet duct 12 so that one segment of the air inlet duct 12 can move relative to the other segment of the air inlet duct 12.

Alternatively, the air inlet pipe 12 may be a skeleton air duct, or a steel air duct. Preferably, the air inlet pipe 12 is a steel air duct.

It will be appreciated that in the normal case, the width dimension of the roadway 200 is less than the height dimension of the roadway 200, and the connecting pipe 11 is arranged above the cutting assembly 81, resulting in a compact structure.

In other embodiments, the connection pipe 11 is further provided with a flow guiding member (not shown in the drawings), and the flow guiding member is disposed at the right end of the connection pipe 11, so that the air outlet angle of the air inlet pipeline 1 can be further adjusted by using the flow guiding member, so as to accurately control the air outlet angle of the air inlet pipeline 1.

Optionally, the diversion part includes a plurality of diversion fins and a diversion driver, and the diversion driver can drive the plurality of diversion fins to rotate, so as to flexibly adjust the air outlet angle of the air inlet pipeline 1.

In other embodiments, the cutting assembly 81 comprises a cutting arm and a cutting head, and the outlet of the connecting pipe 11 is arranged in the middle of the cutting arm so as to be lifted along with the lifting of the cutting arm, thereby ensuring that the fresh air flow is directly blown to the cutting head.

Alternatively, the outlet of the connecting pipe 11 may be made as a rectangular outlet of the same width as the cutting arm.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the coal transportation unit 91 includes a coal transportation component 911 and a driving component 912, the coal transportation component 911 is fixed on the driving component 912, the coal transportation component 911 is used for transporting the side coal from the roadway 200 to the outside of the roadway 200, and the driving component 912 is used for driving the coal transportation unit 91 to move. Therefore, the coal conveying part 911 can convey the side coal from the roadway 200 to the outside of the roadway 200, and the driving part 912 can be used for conveniently adjusting the position of the coal conveying unit 91 so that the coal conveying unit 91 can move inside and outside the roadway 200.

Alternatively, the coal transporting component 911 is arranged above the driving component 912, the coal transporting component 911 is a conveyor belt, and the driving component 912 is a trolley with wheels and an explosion-proof engine.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the coal transporting unit 91 further includes a fixing frame 913, and the air inlet duct 12 is disposed on the fixing frame 913 and spaced apart from the coal transporting member 911. The fixing frame 913 is used to fix the air inlet duct 12, and there are various structures of the fixing frame 913, for example, the fixing frame 913 is annular and has a plurality of fixing frames, a plurality of fixing frames 913 are provided at intervals along the left-right direction on the coal transporting member 911, and each fixing frame 913 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the air inlet duct 12. Alternatively, the fixing frame 913 is a frame extending in the left-right direction, and the fixing frame 913 is fixedly connected to the air inlet duct 12. The fixing frame 913 may be provided at both sides of the coal transporting part 911, for example, the fixing frame 913 is provided between the coal transporting part 911 and the rock wall of the tunnel 200. When the coal transporting unit 91 operates in the tunnel 200, a space between the coal transporting unit 91 and the side wall of the tunnel 200 is small, and preferably, the fixing frame 913 is provided above the coal transporting part 911, thereby contributing to saving of the space in the tunnel 200. Therefore, the fixing frame 913 is used to fix the air inlet pipe 12, so as to guide the air into the tunnel 200 stably.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises:

and detecting the real-time gas concentration of the gas in the roadway 200.

For example, a gas concentration sensor (not shown) may be provided on the heading machine 8 in the tunnel 200, and a controller and an alarm may be provided on the heading machine 8 or outside the tunnel 200, and the gas concentration sensor may transmit collected information to the controller. If the controller judges that the numerical value detected by the gas concentration sensor exceeds the preset gas concentration, the controller controls the alarm to sound a first-level early warning to remind an operator to take relevant measures in time.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises: and after the first-level early warning is sent out, coal mining is stopped in the roadway 200, coal transportation to the outside of the roadway 200 is stopped, and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline 2 are increased.

When the gas concentration sensor is larger than the preset gas concentration, the alarm sounds a first-level early warning, coal mining operation and coal conveying operation are stopped, and the second fan 4 rotates at an accelerated speed so as to increase the wind speed in the exhaust pipeline 2 and further discharge the gas in the roadway 200 in time.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises:

and detecting the wind speed in the air inlet pipeline 1 in the roadway 200 and recording the wind speed as a first wind speed.

And detecting the wind speed in the air inlet pipeline 1 outside the tunnel 200 and recording as a second wind speed.

And if the difference value of the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset value, sending out a secondary early warning.

For example, a first air velocity sensor is provided on the air inlet duct 12 where the first fan 3 is located, and preferably, the first air velocity sensor is provided adjacent to the first fan 3, and a second air velocity sensor is provided on each of the remaining air inlet ducts 12. When the open pit mine side coal caving mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for mining a side coal mine, the first air speed sensor works, and the second air speed sensor on the air inlet pipe 12 positioned at the leftmost end of the air inlet pipeline 1 works. The first wind speed sensor is used for detecting the wind speed in the air inlet pipeline 1 in the roadway 200, and can be understood as the first wind speed sensor is used for detecting the wind outlet speed of the air inlet pipeline 1, and the second wind speed sensor is used for detecting the wind speed at the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1, and can be understood as the second wind speed sensor is used for detecting the wind inlet speed of the air inlet pipeline 1. Because the first wind speed sensor is close to the first fan 3 and the second wind speed sensor is far away from the first fan 3, the first wind speed is always greater than the second wind speed. The first wind speed sensor and the second wind speed sensor are both electrically connected with the controller.

Optionally, the preset value is 4% -6% of the first wind speed, and the like, if the controller detects that the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 4% of the first wind speed, or the controller detects that the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first wind speed, or the controller detects that the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 6% of the first wind speed, it is determined that an abnormal condition occurs, and the alarm sounds a second-level early warning to remind an operator to check.

It should be noted that the primary warning and the secondary warning have different ring tones, so that the operator can take different countermeasures according to different ring tones.

Therefore, the open-pit mine slope coal-pressing mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention can detect whether an abnormal condition occurs in the mining process in time by utilizing the first wind speed and the second wind speed, so that the coal mining safety is improved conveniently.

In some embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises:

if the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed, the difference value between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is less than or equal to a preset gas concentration, checking whether the air inlet pipeline 1 outside the tunnel 200 is damaged.

If the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed, the difference value between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, coal mining in the roadway 200 is stopped, coal transportation to the outside of the roadway 200 is stopped, the wind speed of air draft is increased, and then whether the air inlet pipeline 1 in the roadway 200 is damaged or not is checked.

If the difference value of the first wind speed and the second wind speed is smaller than the preset value and the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is larger than the preset gas concentration, coal mining in the tunnel 200 is stopped, coal transportation to the outside of the tunnel 200 is stopped, and the air volume of the air inlet pipeline 1 and the air volume of the air exhaust pipeline 2 are increased.

For example, the method for mining the highwall coal caving in the strip mine according to the embodiment of the invention can determine various accidents by using the checked first wind speed and second wind speed and the real-time gas concentration.

Firstly, if the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed, and the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first wind speed, it indicates that the first wind speed is normal, and the second wind speed is abnormal, i.e. there is a disconnection in the air intake pipeline 1. Real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is less than or equal to preset gas concentration, and then it is normal to explain the gas concentration in the tunnel 200, explains that air inlet and convulsions keep normal in the tunnel 200 this moment, and air flow path keeps normal promptly, then explains that the disconnection position of air inlet pipe 1 is outside tunnel 200.

Secondly, if the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed, and the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first wind speed, it indicates that the first wind speed is normal, and the second wind speed is abnormal, i.e. there is a disconnection in the air intake pipeline 1. The real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, which indicates that the air flow path in the tunnel 200 is abnormal at this time, most of the gas flows in the tunnel 200 in a circulating manner, and at this time, in the tunnel 200, the air enters from the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1 and flows out from the right end of the air inlet pipeline 1, that is, the cut-off position of the air inlet pipeline 1 is in the tunnel 200. If the situation occurs, the coal mining operation and the coal transporting operation are immediately stopped, the air speed of air draft is increased, after gas is exhausted, the coal mining device, the coal transporting device, the air inlet pipeline 1 and other devices are pulled out of the roadway 200, and whether the roadway air inlet pipeline 1 is disconnected or damaged is checked.

Thirdly, if the difference value between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is less than 5% of the first wind speed, it is indicated that the air enters the air inlet pipeline 1 normally. At this time, if the real-time gas concentration in the roadway 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, it is indicated that a gas gushing phenomenon occurs in the roadway 200, at this time, the coal mining operation and the coal transporting operation are immediately stopped, and the rotating speeds of the first motor and the second motor are increased, so that the gas in the roadway 200 is accelerated and diluted, and the gas in the roadway 200 is timely discharged.

In other embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises: and stopping air intake and exhaust after the coal mining is finished for a preset time. And introducing inert gas into the tunnel 200 and sealing the tunnel entrance 202.

For example, after the coal mining operation is completed, the coal mining device stops working, calculates the time when the airflow of the harmful substances in the last wave band reaches the roadway inlet 202, and then delays stopping the first fan 3 and the second fan 4, so that the harmful substances in the roadway 200 are discharged out of the roadway 200 as much as possible, and further the concentration of the harmful substances in the roadway 200 is controlled within a safe range. For the roadway 200 with higher gas concentration, the air intake and the air draft are delayed to stop in the time when the coal mining device moves to the roadway inlet 202, so that the harmful substances in the roadway 200 are discharged out of the roadway 200 as far as possible, and the concentration of the harmful substances in the roadway 200 is controlled within a safety range.

In order to improve the coal mining safety, in the process of withdrawing the coal mining device, inert gas such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide and the like can be introduced into the roadway 200 through the air inlet pipeline 1, so that the spontaneous combustion phenomenon of coal in the roadway 200 is prevented. After the coal mining device, the coal conveying device 9 and other equipment are completely withdrawn from the roadway 200, the roadway inlet 202 is sealed in time, and harmful substances in the roadway 200 are prevented from being leaked into the atmosphere. There are various measures for sealing the entry 202 of the tunnel, for example, building brick walls at the exit of the tunnel 200, or filling fillers, etc.

Therefore, the open pit mine side pressure coal mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the safety of mining coal mines at the open pit side.

In other embodiments, the surface highwall coal caving method further comprises: detecting the real-time dust concentration outside the preset dust concentration roadway 200 and in the position adjacent to the air door 6, and if the dust concentration is greater than the preset dust concentration, giving an early warning; the air volume of the exhaust duct 2 is increased.

For example, a dust concentration sensor (not shown in the drawings) is provided outside the tunnel 200, and the dust concentration sensor is provided adjacent to the damper 6, preferably, outside the damper 6. Utilize dust concentration sensor can detect the dust concentration in the atmosphere in the air door 6 outside, the dust concentration in the air of tunnel entry 202 department promptly, when dust concentration sensor's numerical value is greater than and predetermines numerical value, then explain the dust concentration in the tunnel 200 too high, then increase the rotational speed of second fan 4 this moment, improve the efficiency of airing exhaust of exhaust pipeline 2. Therefore, the safety of the open pit mine slope coal-pressing mining method can be improved by utilizing the dust concentration sensor.

In some embodiments, image information within the roadway 200 is acquired. For example, the coal mining device further comprises a plurality of image acquisition assemblies 82, the image acquisition assemblies 82 are arranged on the heading machine 8, the plurality of image acquisition assemblies 82 are electrically connected with the controller, the image acquisition assemblies 82 are used for acquiring state information of the heading machine 8, and the controller is used for receiving the information transmitted by the image acquisition assemblies 82, so that an operator can observe the state of the heading machine 8. For example, when the heading machine 8 works, the operator is located outside the roadway 200, and the operator can acquire the working state of the heading machine 8 by using the image acquisition assembly 82; when the heading machine 8 fails, the failed part of the heading machine 8 can be preliminarily judged by using the information collected by the image collecting assembly 82.

Further, one of the image pickup assemblies 82 is arranged opposite to the right end of the connection pipe 11 in the extending direction of the tunnel 200. Therefore, the air flow in the air inlet pipeline 1 can sweep dust on the image acquisition assembly 82, so that the dust is prevented from being accumulated on the image acquisition assembly 82, clear pictures can be acquired by the image acquisition assembly 82, and operators can conveniently observe the state of the cutting assembly 81.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A strip mine side coal-pressing mining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

coal mining is carried out in a roadway;

transporting the coal blocks out of the roadway;

2. The method of highwall caving mining of claim 1, wherein said steps of mining coal in a roadway, blowing air to a coal face and extracting air at an entrance to the roadway are performed simultaneously.

3. The method of highwall caving mining of claim 1, further comprising: the entrance in tunnel installation air door to make the periphery wall of air door with the internal perisporium sealing connection in tunnel.

4. The surface slope coal caving mining method of claim 3, wherein air is blown to the coal face by an air inlet duct, the air inlet duct having a first end and a second end in an extending direction thereof, the first end being disposed outside the roadway, the second end being disposed inside the roadway, a distance between the first end and the air door being greater than 5 meters.

5. The method for mining open-pit mine slope coal compaction according to claim 4, wherein air in the roadway is exhausted by an exhaust pipeline, one end of the exhaust pipeline is arranged outside the roadway and communicated with the atmosphere, the other end of the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the interior of the roadway, and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline is 1.2 times larger than that of the air inlet pipeline.

6. The strip mine highwall coal-pressing mining method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein coal mining is performed by a coal mining device, the coal blocks are transported by a coal transporting device, the coal mining device is connected with the coal transporting device, the coal transporting device comprises a plurality of coal transporting units, the air inlet pipeline comprises an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe comprises a plurality of coal transporting units, the plurality of coal transporting units correspond to the air inlet pipes one by one, each coal transporting unit is connected with each air inlet pipe, and the coal transporting units and the air inlet pipes are installed on the coal transporting device outside the roadway when the coal mining device advances; when the coal mining device retreats, the coal conveying unit and the air inlet pipe are detached from the coal conveying device outside the roadway.

7. The method of highwall caving mining of claim 6, further comprising:

detecting the real-time gas concentration of the gas in the roadway;

and if the real-time gas concentration is greater than the preset gas concentration, sending a primary early warning.

8. The method of highwall caving mining of claim 7, further comprising: and after the primary early warning is sent out, coal mining is stopped in the roadway, coal transportation to the outside of the roadway is stopped, and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline and the air volume of the air inlet pipeline are increased.

9. The method of highwall caving mining of claim 7, further comprising:

10. The method of highwall caving mining of claim 7, further comprising:

if the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed, the difference value between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is less than or equal to the preset gas concentration, checking whether the air inlet pipeline outside the roadway is damaged;