CN114645274A - 绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构 - Google Patents

绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构 Download PDF

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CN114645274A
CN114645274A CN202011516979.XA CN202011516979A CN114645274A CN 114645274 A CN114645274 A CN 114645274A CN 202011516979 A CN202011516979 A CN 202011516979A CN 114645274 A CN114645274 A CN 114645274A
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heat
layer
temperature
insulation
heat insulation
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宋太伟
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Shanghai Luyi New Energy Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明是一种广泛适用的稳固的高温绝热复合薄膜结构技术工艺，该绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构，主要由基片、非金属绝热薄膜衬底层、微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层、氧化物陶瓷绝热保护层、耐高温合金反射层等组成。多层绝热膜材料微观结构适当匹配，以达到最佳的全热谱绝热效果。本发明可以广泛应用于以冶金、铸造、锅炉与燃料发动机内衬、航空航天器表面、油罐、油气管线、热管线、大型建筑屋顶等隔热绝热。

Description

绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构
技术领域
本发明属绝热节能、纳米技术与新型功能材料技术领域，主要涉及一种绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构技术工艺。
背景技术
节能环保是解决人类面临的能源危机、环境危机的最主要途径之一。其中解决普遍适用的绝热保温技术工艺，是关键技术与环节之一。同时在冶炼、锅炉与燃料发动机、航空航天器等领域，稳定高效适用的高温绝热问题，也是长期未解决的技术难题。
本发明人在光热学领域经过十多年的理论与实验探索，已经完成全谱系的光热谱分解、吸收、传播、透反及合成的基础理论逻辑与相关技术工艺及设计创新，热传播与热处理是其中的基础内容之一。本发明的绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构工艺技术，正是这些理论与工艺技术创新的其中一项内容，其作为一种稳定高效适用的高温绝热新工艺技术，可以广泛应用于以冶金、铸造、锅炉与燃料发动机内衬、航空航天器表面、油罐、油气管线、热管线、大型建筑屋顶等隔热绝热。
发明内容
本发明绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构，是一种广泛适用的稳固的高温绝热复合薄膜结构技术工艺，主要由基片、非金属绝热薄膜衬底层、微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层、氧化物陶瓷绝热保护层、耐高温合金反射层等组成。基片可以是耐温金属或非金属光洁片材，也可以是需绝热保护物体的光洁表面。
该高强高温绝热复合膜层结构中的非金属绝热薄膜衬底层，可以是单层或多层，材料可以是MgO、WO3、SiO2、NiO、Al2O3、ZrO2、Fe2O3、Ta2O5、Si3N4等任一种无毒害稳定材料单质或其混合体陶瓷等硬质耐温绝热材料，每层绝热薄膜层的厚度10nm至500μm，多层绝热膜材料微观结构适当匹配，以达到最佳的全热谱绝热效果。该衬底层可以使用物理沉积镀膜或热喷涂等工艺制作。
该高强高温绝热复合膜层结构中的微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层厚度200nm至5mm，主要是热导率系数低的金属氧化物纳米空心球或陶瓷空心微珠层，材料可以是CeO2、Al2O3、SiO2、Ta2O5、ZrO2等氧化物纳米空心球，也可以是钇稳定氧化锆陶瓷微珠、陶瓷玻璃空心微珠等高强耐温陶瓷微珠，空心球珠粒径0.05～200μm，壁厚0.01～10μm，材料可以适度掺杂低热导率金属氧化物陶瓷粉，微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层可以用等离子等热喷涂或用无毒害分散稀释剂混成液体涂附并加热处理。
该高强高温绝热复合膜层结构中的氧化物陶瓷绝热保护层，可以是单层或多层，每层膜的厚度10nm至500μm，材料可以是MgO、WO3、SiO2、NiO、Al2O3、ZrO2、Fe2O3、Ta2O5、Si3N4等任一种无毒害稳定材料单质或其混合体陶瓷等硬质耐温绝热材料，多层膜材料的微观结构适当匹配。该绝热保护层可以使用物理沉积镀膜或热喷涂等工艺制作。
该高强高温绝热复合膜层结构中的耐高温合金反射层，厚度20～1000nm，材料主要是铝、锌、锡、镍、钛、锂、镁、锆、铈、钇、钼、钨、铜等普通无害金属或其合金。该耐高温合金反射层可以使用物理沉积镀膜或热喷涂等工艺制作。
本发明的高温绝热的高强复合薄膜结构技术工艺，可以广泛应用于以冶金、铸造、锅炉与燃料发动机内衬、航空航天器表面、油罐、油气管线、热管线、大型建筑屋顶等隔热绝热。
具体实施方法
本发明为一种广泛适用的绿色的高温绝热的高强复合薄膜结构技术工艺。其结构主要由基片、非金属绝热薄膜衬底层、微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层、氧化物陶瓷绝热保护层、耐高温合金反射层等组成。产业化工艺相对容易控制与实现。结构中非金属绝热薄膜衬底层、氧化物陶瓷绝热保护层、耐高温合金反射层等膜层可以由热喷涂或真空条件下物理蒸镀或溅射沉积等工艺完成，微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层可以用等离子等热喷涂或用无毒害分散稀释剂混成液体涂附并加热处理等工艺完成。
下面以具体实例进一步说明本发明的实施方法：
以100mm*100mm的不锈钢板片或陶瓷片作为基片，首先将基片进行物理、化学洁净及干燥处理，然后可以利用磁控溅射或电子束蒸镀等镀膜在300°C的真空条件下连续沉积30nm厚Al2O3、1000nm厚Si3N4、1000nm厚Fe2O3、1000nm厚WO3，降温退火后，再用精细热喷涂设备（如电弧或等离子热喷涂等）热喷涂Al2O3纳米空心球掺杂ZrO2粉的混合粉末制备约200μm厚的微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层。随后用磁控溅射或电子束蒸镀等镀膜在300°C的真空条件下连续沉积，由80nm厚Al2O3、2000nm厚ZrO2、2000nm厚Ta2O5等组成的氧化物陶瓷绝热保护层，及由铝镍锡硅等组成的合金材料的100nm反射保护层，降温退火后即完成。
以上所述仅是本发明的具体实施实例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。本发明的权利要求书及专利说明的所有内容，包括上述的具体实施实例，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构，其特征是一种广泛适用的稳固的高温绝热复合薄膜结构技术工艺，该高强高温绝热复合膜层结构主要由基片、非金属绝热薄膜衬底层、微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层、氧化物陶瓷绝热保护层、耐高温合金反射层等组成，基片可以是耐温金属或非金属光洁片材，也可以是需绝热保护物体的光洁表面。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构，其特征在于，非金属绝热薄膜衬底层，可以是单层或多层，材料可以是MgO、WO3、SiO2、NiO、Al2O3、ZrO2、Fe2O3、Ta2O5、Si3N4等任一种无毒害稳定材料单质或其混合体陶瓷等硬质耐温绝热材料，每层绝热薄膜层的厚度10nm至500μm，多层绝热膜材料微观结构适当匹配，以达到最佳的全热谱绝热效果，该衬底层可以使用物理沉积镀膜或热喷涂等工艺制作。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构，其特征在于，微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层厚度200nm至5mm，主要是热导率系数低的金属氧化物纳米空心球或陶瓷空心微珠层，材料可以是CeO2、Al2O3、SiO2、Ta2O5、ZrO2等氧化物纳米空心球，也可以是钇稳定氧化锆陶瓷微珠、陶瓷玻璃空心微珠等高强耐温陶瓷微珠，空心球珠粒径0.05～200μm，壁厚0.01～10μm，材料可以适度掺杂低热导率金属氧化物陶瓷粉，微纳米空心球珠材料绝热层可以用等离子等热喷涂或用无毒害分散稀释剂混成液体涂附并加热处理。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构，其特征在于，氧化物陶瓷绝热保护层，可以是单层或多层，每层膜的厚度10nm至500μm，材料可以是MgO、WO3、SiO2、NiO、Al2O3、ZrO2、Fe2O3、Ta2O5、Si3N4等任一种无毒害稳定材料单质或其混合体陶瓷等硬质耐温绝热材料，多层膜材料的微观结构适当匹配，该绝热保护层可以使用物理沉积镀膜或热喷涂等工艺制作。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种绿色经济耐用的高强高温绝热复合膜层结构，其特征在于，耐高温合金反射层厚度20～1000nm，材料主要是铝、锌、锡、镍、钛、锂、镁、锆、铈、钇、钼、钨、铜等普通无害金属或其合金，该耐高温合金反射层可以使用物理沉积镀膜或热喷涂等工艺制作。
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US5489074A (en) * 1993-04-01 1996-02-06 Societe Europeenne De Propulsion Thermal protection device, in particular for an aerospace vehicle
CN205345880U (zh) * 2015-12-25 2016-06-29 奥龙汽车有限公司 车载危化罐体
WO2017189253A1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2017-11-02 Vesuvius Crucible Company Lightweight ceramic thermal insulation materials
EP2904130B1 (de) * 2012-10-05 2019-05-22 Lufthansa Technik AG Wärmedämmschicht, gasturbinenbauteil und verfahren zur beschichtung eines gasturbinenbauteils

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4927702A (en) * 1987-02-20 1990-05-22 Man Technologie Ag Thermal insulating material
US5489074A (en) * 1993-04-01 1996-02-06 Societe Europeenne De Propulsion Thermal protection device, in particular for an aerospace vehicle
EP2904130B1 (de) * 2012-10-05 2019-05-22 Lufthansa Technik AG Wärmedämmschicht, gasturbinenbauteil und verfahren zur beschichtung eines gasturbinenbauteils
CN205345880U (zh) * 2015-12-25 2016-06-29 奥龙汽车有限公司 车载危化罐体
WO2017189253A1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2017-11-02 Vesuvius Crucible Company Lightweight ceramic thermal insulation materials

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