CN114644401A - Biological floating island for purifying natural water body - Google Patents
Biological floating island for purifying natural water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114644401A CN114644401A CN202110324212.5A CN202110324212A CN114644401A CN 114644401 A CN114644401 A CN 114644401A CN 202110324212 A CN202110324212 A CN 202110324212A CN 114644401 A CN114644401 A CN 114644401A
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- Prior art keywords
- floating island
- biological floating
- hydrogel
- composite particle
- natural water
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- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)(C)N=C=O NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXRKNIZYMIXSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanatohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O.O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O.O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O YXRKNIZYMIXSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of biological culture, in particular to a biological floating island for purifying natural water, which is divided into two layers from bottom to top, namely a composite particle hydrogel at the lower layer and a floating island plate at the upper layer, wherein the composite particle hydrogel is in a porous structure, the composite particles are inorganic nanoparticles, and the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is 1-3000 nanometers. Aquatic plants are cultivated on the biological floating island, and microorganisms are attached to the composite particle hydrogel on the lower layer of the biological floating island. The microorganisms and the aquatic plants can decompose organic matters in water bodies or underwater silt into nutrients which can be easily absorbed by plants, reduce nitrite in eutrophic water bodies, consume nitrogen elements in the eutrophic water bodies, inhibit excessive propagation of algae, purify the water bodies and improve the transparency of the water bodies. The biological floating island has short pollution treatment time and low cost, and aquatic plants, particularly flower plants, are planted on the biological floating island, and the biological floating island also has the effect of beautifying the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological culture, in particular to a biological floating island for purifying natural water.
Technical Field
The biological floating island is a biological ecological facility which is artificially designed, constructed and floats on the water surface and is used for growth, multiplication and inhabitation of animals, plants and microorganisms, utilizes a series of biological and chemical functions of absorption, ingestion, digestion, decomposition and the like of aquatic plants, animals, insects and microorganisms in natural water environment to realize the ecological management of eutrophic water body, is a multifunctional practical ecological facility which has the functions of sewage treatment and landscape effect, adopts a floatable material as a substrate or a carrier to plant advanced aquatic plants or terrestrial plants into a eutrophic water area, reduces nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in the water body through the absorption or adsorption of root systems of the plants so as to purify the water quality, and simultaneously removes the eutrophic substances in the water body through a plant harvesting method, improve water quality and create good water environment.
The traditional biological floating island consists of a net structure, a culture carrier structure and a suspension structure, wherein the net structure is used for fixing organisms, the culture carrier structure is used for providing substance conditions required by the growth of the organisms, and the suspension structure enables the biological floating island to float on the water surface. The traditional biological floating island has the following problems: firstly, the traditional biological floating island is easy to bend and damage under the action of water waves; secondly, various fillers in the culture carrier are easy to cause secondary pollution of the water body; thirdly, the root system of the plant on the traditional biological floating island is not firm and is easy to fall off, thereby causing the secondary pollution of the water body; fourthly, the traditional floating island has long pollution treatment time and low efficiency.
Therefore, a biological floating island with high strength, no secondary pollution caused by fillers, firm plant root system and high treatment efficiency is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides a biological floating island for purifying natural water.
As a preferable technical scheme, the biological floating island is divided into two layers from bottom to top, composite particle hydrogel at the lower layer and a floating island plate at the upper layer.
As a preferable technical scheme, the composite particle hydrogel is of a porous structure, the composite particles are inorganic nanoparticles, and the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is 1-3000 nanometers.
As a preferred technical scheme, the composite particle hydrogel contains 8 wt% of inorganic nanoparticles.
As a preferred technical scheme, the porosity of the composite particle hydrogel is more than 90%.
As a preferable technical solution, the inorganic nanoparticles are selected from any one of nanoclay, mica powder, molecular sieve, wollastonite, graphite, silica, and carbon nanotubes.
As a preferable technical scheme, the floating island plate is made of polyolefin foam.
As a preferable technical scheme, the lower-layer composite particle hydrogel is adhered with the upper-layer floating island plate through an adhesive.
In a preferred embodiment, a microbial flora is attached to pores of the hydrogel of the composite particles.
As a preferred technical scheme, the microbial flora comprises microorganisms, nitrobacteria and denitrifier.
As a preferable technical scheme, aquatic plants are planted on the biological floating island.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the lower layer of the biological floating island provided by the invention is the composite particle hydrogel which is of a porous structure, the root system of a plant can penetrate through the porous body to grow underwater, and meanwhile, a huge microorganism lodging space is provided to assist water body purification, so that the water body purification efficiency is improved, and the purification time is shortened.
2. The biological floating island provided by the invention uses the composite particle hydrogel as a culture carrier, contains inorganic nanoparticles, can improve the root system adhesion of plants, does not fall off even in strong wind weather, does not need additional fillers, and does not cause secondary pollution due to the fillers.
3. The biological floating island provided by the invention is an integral body, and is favorable for improving the integral structural strength and the wind and wave resistance of the biological floating island.
4. The biological floating island provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in construction, and is suitable for various water areas.
Detailed Description
The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed.
In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are intended to have no limitation on the number (i.e., number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the number clearly indicates the singular.
The invention provides a biological floating island for purifying natural water, which is divided into two layers from bottom to top, wherein the lower layer is made of composite particle hydrogel, and the upper layer is made of a floating island plate.
The composite particle hydrogel is a porous structure, and is a polymer with a three-dimensional network structure, which can absorb a large amount of water in water to swell and can continuously keep the original structure without being dissolved after swelling. The composite particle hydrogel provides a huge and proper attachment surface area for microbial floras, so that the biomass, biological diversity and other aspects of the microbial floras for degrading soluble organic matters are enhanced, and the capacity and efficiency of degrading organic pollutants dissolved in sewage by the biological floating island are greatly enhanced.
In some preferred embodiments, the composite particle hydrogel is a polyurethane composite particle hydrogel, which has good biocompatibility and provides a large and suitable attachment surface area for microbial flora, so that the biomass, biodiversity and other aspects of the microbial flora for degrading dissolved organic matters are enhanced, and the capability and efficiency of the biological floating island for degrading organic pollutants dissolved in sewage are further enhanced.
The composite particle hydrogel has a porosity greater than 90%.
The composite particles are inorganic nanoparticles, and the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is 1-3000 nanometers.
The inorganic nano particles are selected from any one of nano clay, mica powder, molecular sieve, wollastonite, graphite, silicon dioxide and carbon nano tubes.
In some preferred embodiments, the inorganic nanoparticles are subjected to surface treatment by a coupling agent, so that the strength of the composite particle hydrogel can be greatly increased, and the service life of the composite particle hydrogel can be prolonged.
In some preferred embodiments, the composite particle hydrogel contains 8 wt% inorganic nanoparticles. The inorganic nano particles are nano clay.
The preparation raw materials of the composite particle hydrogel further comprise the following components in parts by weight: the polyurethane foaming material comprises 10-30 parts of polyisocyanate, 40-60 parts of hydrophilic polyether polyol, 1-15 parts of inorganic nanoparticles, 1-5 parts of silicone oil, 0.1-3 parts of chain extender, 1-10 parts of foaming agent, 0.1-2 parts of coupling agent and 0.1-2 parts of organic metal catalyst.
In the present invention, the polyisocyanate is not particularly limited, and may be any one or more of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 1, 6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI), Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane-4, 4' -diisocyanate (MDI), xylylene diisocyanate, methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, IPDI trimer, HDI trimer, TDI trimer, and MDI trimer.
In some embodiments, the polyisocyanate is toluene diisocyanate.
In the present invention, the hydrophilic polyether polyol is not particularly limited, and may be one or more of polytetrahydrofuran diol, polyethylene adipate-1, 4-butanediol diol, polyethylene glycol, and poly castor oil adipate polyol.
The hydrophilic polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol.
In the invention, the silicone oil is used as a foam stabilizer, has excellent foam stabilizing and opening performances, and is beneficial to improving the resilience performance of the formed polyurethane hydrogel, and the silicone oil is alcoholic hydroxyl double-terminated silicone oil IOTA8865H
In the invention, the chain extender can be one or more of 1, 4-butanediol, diethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 1, 4-cyclohexanediol and resorcinol hydroxyl ether.
The chain extender is ethylene glycol.
In the present invention, the blowing agent comprises water, which in some preferred embodiments is distilled water.
In the present invention, the coupling agent may be exemplified by: any one of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and phosphate coupling agent.
The silane coupling agent may be any of g-propylmethacrylate-based trimethoxysilane, g-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, or mercaptosilane.
The titanate coupling agent may be any one of isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoryl) titanate and ethylene di (dioctyl pyrophosphoryl) titanate.
The aluminate coupling agent may be one of distearoyloxyisopropyl aluminate and alkoxypolyoxyethylene-based aluminate.
The phosphate coupling agent may be any one of dioctyl phosphate and lauryl phosphate.
In some embodiments, the coupling agent is a mercaptosilane.
The organic metal catalyst provided by the invention mainly plays a role in accelerating the growth of polymer molecular chains and improving the curing degree of foam, and can be any one of dibutyl tin dilaurate, stannous octoate and organic bismuth catalysts.
In some embodiments, the organic metal catalyst is stannous octoate.
The preparation method of the polyurethane hydrogel of the composite nanoparticle is not limited, and the polyurethane hydrogel can be prepared by a method known by the person skilled in the art.
In some preferred embodiments, the preparation method of the polyurethane hydrogel of the composite nanoparticles is as follows:
dehydrating hydrophilic polyether polyol in vacuum, and then uniformly mixing and reacting the dehydrated hydrophilic polyether polyol, diisocyanate and a chain extender in a reaction kettle to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; dispersing a coupling agent and nano inorganic particles in a mixed solution of distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to prepare nano inorganic particles subjected to surface treatment; uniformly mixing the polyurethane prepolymer, the prepared nano inorganic particles subjected to surface treatment, water, an inorganic metal catalyst and silicone oil, conveying the mixture to a film die for foaming, and curing to obtain the polyurethane hydrogel.
The floating island board is made of polyolefin foam material.
Polyolefin foams in the present invention include, but are not limited to, Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA).
The lower-layer composite particle hydrogel is adhered with the upper-layer floating island board through an adhesive.
Microbial flora is attached to the pores of the composite particle hydrogel.
The microbial flora comprises microorganisms, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria.
The microorganisms are used for decomposing organic nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen, the nitrifying bacteria are used for converting the ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and the denitrifying bacteria are used for converting the nitrite nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen.
The biological floating island is planted with aquatic plants, and the aquatic plants comprise canna indica, sphacela orientalis, typha angustifolia, curcuma alismoid, cyperus alternifolius, colocasia esculenta, alocasia esculenta, purple yam, celandine, rhizoma alismatis, calamus, phragmites communis, cress, water spinach, iris tectorum, water lily, watermifoil and the like.
The root system part of the aquatic plant is contained in the sewage and is used for absorbing and adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the sewage.
The aquatic plant of the invention can be recycled as feed, fertilizer, fuel and the like.
The invention combines plant purification, biological membrane and drop reoxygenation technology to purify water.
The present invention will be specifically described below by way of examples. It is to be noted that the following examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, as many insubstantial modifications and variations of the invention described above will now occur to those skilled in the art. In addition, the starting materials used are all commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Examples
Example 1
The embodiment provides a biological chinampa for natural water purifies, biological chinampa from the bottom up divide into two-layerly, lower floor composite particle aquogel, upper floating island panel. The composite particle hydrogel is of a porous structure, the composite particles are inorganic nanoparticles, the composite particle hydrogel contains 8 wt% of the inorganic nanoparticles, the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is 50 nanometers, the porosity of the composite particle hydrogel is 92%, the composite particle hydrogel is composite particle polyurethane hydrogel, and the composite particle polyurethane hydrogel comprises 20 parts of polyisocyanate, 50 parts of hydrophilic polyether polyol, 10 parts of the inorganic nanoparticles, 2 parts of silicone oil, 0.8 part of chain extender, 10 parts of foaming agent, 2 parts of coupling agent and 1 part of organic metal catalyst in parts by weight.
The preparation method of the composite particle hydrogel comprises the following steps: dehydrating hydrophilic polyether polyol in vacuum, and then uniformly mixing and reacting the dehydrated hydrophilic polyether polyol, diisocyanate and a chain extender in a reaction kettle to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; dispersing a coupling agent and nano inorganic particles in a solution mixed by distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to prepare nano inorganic particles subjected to surface treatment; uniformly mixing the polyurethane prepolymer, the prepared nano inorganic particles subjected to surface treatment, water, an inorganic metal catalyst and silicone oil, conveying the mixture to a film for foaming, and curing to obtain the composite particle polyurethane hydrogel. The floating island board is made of polyolefin foam material, and the polyolefin foam material is polyethylene foam material. The polyisocyanate is PM200 toluene diisocyanate in the chemical industry, the hydrophilic polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol (Runza), the inorganic nanoparticles are nano clay, the chain extender is ethylene glycol, the coupling agent is mercaptosilane, the organic metal catalyst is stannous octoate, the silicone oil is hydroxyl-terminated silicone oil IOTA8865H, and the foaming agent is water.
The lower layer composite particle hydrogel is adhered with the upper layer floating island plate through an adhesive. Specifically, aquatic plants are cultivated on the biological floating island, the aquatic plants are canna, and microorganisms are attached to the composite particle hydrogel on the lower layer of the biological floating island. The microorganisms and the plants can decompose organic matters in the water body or underwater silt into nutrients which are easy to be absorbed by the aquatic plants, reduce nitrite in eutrophic water body, consume nitrogen elements in the eutrophic water body, inhibit excessive propagation of algae, purify the water body and improve the transparency of the water body.
The operation method for preparing the biological floating island for purifying the natural water body is well known to those skilled in the art, and the invention is not specifically stated.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a biological floating island for natural water purifies, biological floating island from the bottom up divide into two-layerly, lower floor composite particle aquogel, upper floating island panel. The composite particle hydrogel is of a porous structure, the composite particles are inorganic nanoparticles, the composite particle hydrogel contains 8 wt% of the inorganic nanoparticles, the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is 200 nanometers, the porosity of the composite particle hydrogel is 84%, the composite particle hydrogel is composite particle polyurethane hydrogel, and the composite particle polyurethane hydrogel comprises 20 parts by weight of polyisocyanate, 50 parts by weight of hydrophilic polyether polyol, 10 parts by weight of the inorganic nanoparticles, 2 parts by weight of silicone oil, 0.8 part by weight of a chain extender, 10 parts by weight of a foaming agent, 2 parts by weight of a coupling agent and 1 part by weight of an organic metal catalyst.
The preparation method of the composite particle hydrogel comprises the following steps: dehydrating hydrophilic polyether polyol in vacuum, and then uniformly mixing and reacting the dehydrated hydrophilic polyether polyol, diisocyanate and a chain extender in a reaction kettle to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; dispersing a coupling agent and nano inorganic particles in a mixed solution of distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to prepare nano inorganic particles subjected to surface treatment; uniformly mixing the polyurethane prepolymer, the prepared nano inorganic particles subjected to surface treatment, water, an inorganic metal catalyst and silicone oil, conveying the mixture to a film die for foaming, and curing to obtain the polyurethane hydrogel. The floating island board is made of polyolefin foam material, and the polyolefin foam material is polyethylene foam material. The polyisocyanate is PM200 toluene diisocyanate in the chemical industry, the hydrophilic polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol (Runza), the inorganic nanoparticles are nano clay, the chain extender is ethylene glycol, the coupling agent is mercaptosilane, the organic metal catalyst is stannous octoate, the silicone oil is hydroxyl-terminated silicone oil IOTA8865H, and the foaming agent is water.
The lower layer composite particle hydrogel is adhered with the upper layer floating island plate through an adhesive. Specifically, aquatic plants are cultivated on the biological floating island, the aquatic plants are canna, and microorganisms are attached to the composite particle hydrogel on the lower layer of the biological floating island. The microorganisms and the aquatic plants can decompose organic matters in water bodies or underwater silt into nutrients which can be easily absorbed by the plants, reduce nitrite in eutrophic water bodies, consume nitrogen elements in the eutrophic water bodies, inhibit excessive propagation of algae, purify the water bodies and improve the transparency of the water bodies, and in addition, the plant root systems can convey redundant oxygen into the water to promote aerobic bacteria to be transferred into a benign state.
The operation method for preparing the biological floating island for purifying the natural water body is well known to the person skilled in the art, and the invention is not specifically stated.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a biological floating island for natural water purifies, biological floating island from the bottom up divide into two-layerly, lower floor composite particle aquogel, upper floating island panel. The hydrogel is of a porous structure, the hydrogel is polyurethane hydrogel, the porosity of the hydrogel is 86%, and the polyurethane hydrogel preparation raw materials comprise, by weight, 20 parts of polyisocyanate, 50 parts of hydrophilic polyether polyol, 2 parts of silicone oil, 0.8 part of a chain extender, 10 parts of a foaming agent and 1 part of an organic metal catalyst.
The preparation method of the composite particle hydrogel comprises the following steps: dehydrating hydrophilic polyether polyol in vacuum, and then uniformly mixing and reacting the dehydrated hydrophilic polyether polyol, diisocyanate and a chain extender in a reaction kettle to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; uniformly mixing the polyurethane prepolymer, water, an inorganic metal catalyst and silicone oil, conveying the mixture to a film die for foaming, and curing to obtain the polyurethane hydrogel. The floating island board is made of polyolefin foam material, and the polyolefin foam material is polyethylene foam material. The polyurethane foaming agent is characterized in that the polyisocyanate is PM200 toluene diisocyanate in the chemical industry, the hydrophilic polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol (luzhou), the chain extender is ethylene glycol, the organic metal catalyst is stannous octoate, the silicone oil is hydroxyl-terminated silicone oil IOTA8865H, and the foaming agent is water.
The lower layer hydrogel is adhered with the upper layer floating island plate through an adhesive. Specifically, aquatic plants are cultivated on the biological floating island, the aquatic plants are canna, and microorganisms are attached to hydrogel on the lower layer of the biological floating island. The microorganisms and the aquatic plants can decompose organic matters in water or sludge at the water bottom into nutrients which can be easily absorbed by the plants, reduce nitrite in eutrophic water, consume nitrogen elements in the eutrophic water, inhibit excessive propagation of algae, purify the water and improve the transparency of the water, and in addition, the plant root systems can convey redundant oxygen into the water to promote aerobic bacteria to be transferred into a benign state.
The operation method for preparing the biological floating island for purifying the natural water body is well known to those skilled in the art, and the invention is not specifically stated.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a biological floating island for natural water purifies, biological floating island from the bottom up divide into two-layerly, lower floor composite particle aquogel, upper floating island panel. The composite particle hydrogel is of a porous structure, the composite particles are inorganic nanoparticles, the composite particle hydrogel contains 20 wt% of the inorganic nanoparticles, the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is 50 nanometers, the porosity of the composite particle hydrogel is 64%, the composite particle hydrogel is composite particle polyurethane hydrogel, and the composite particle polyurethane hydrogel is prepared from 20 parts of polyisocyanate, 50 parts of hydrophilic polyether polyol, 10 parts of the inorganic nanoparticles, 2 parts of silicone oil, 0.8 part of a chain extender, 10 parts of a foaming agent, 2 parts of a coupling agent and 1 part of an organic metal catalyst.
The preparation method of the composite particle hydrogel comprises the following steps: dehydrating hydrophilic polyether polyol in vacuum, and then uniformly mixing and reacting the dehydrated hydrophilic polyether polyol, diisocyanate and a chain extender in a reaction kettle to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; dispersing a coupling agent and nano inorganic particles in a solution mixed by distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to prepare nano inorganic particles subjected to surface treatment; uniformly mixing the polyurethane prepolymer, the prepared nano inorganic particles subjected to surface treatment, water, an inorganic metal catalyst and silicone oil, conveying the mixture to a film die for foaming, and curing to obtain the composite particle polyurethane hydrogel. The floating island board is made of polyolefin foam material, and the polyolefin foam material is polyethylene foam material. The polyurethane resin is characterized in that the polyisocyanate is PM200 toluene diisocyanate in the chemical industry, the hydrophilic polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol (luzhou), the inorganic nano particles are nano clay, the chain extender is ethylene glycol, the coupling agent is mercaptosilane, the organic metal catalyst is stannous octoate, the silicone oil is alcoholic hydroxyl double-terminated silicone oil IOTA8865H, and the foaming agent is water.
The lower layer composite particle hydrogel is adhered with the upper layer floating island plate through an adhesive. Specifically, aquatic plants are cultivated on the biological floating island, the aquatic plants are canna, and microorganisms are attached to the composite particle hydrogel on the lower layer of the biological floating island. The microorganisms and the aquatic plants can decompose organic matters in water bodies or underwater silt into nutrients which can be easily absorbed by the plants, reduce nitrite in eutrophic water bodies, consume nitrogen elements in the eutrophic water bodies, inhibit excessive propagation of algae, purify the water bodies and improve the transparency of the water bodies, and in addition, the plant root systems can convey redundant oxygen into the water to promote aerobic bacteria to be transferred into a benign state.
The operation method for preparing the biological floating island for purifying the natural water body is well known to those skilled in the art, and the invention is not specifically stated.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a biological floating island for natural water purification, which consists of a net structure, a culture carrier structure and a suspension structure, and the specific materials and the specific connection mode of the net structure, the culture carrier structure and the suspension structure are not particularly limited and are materials commonly used in the field. The culture carrier is one or a mixture of more of activated carbon, furnace slag, zeolite and ceramsite, specifically the aquatic plant is cultivated on the biological floating island, the aquatic plant is canna, and the microorganism is attached to the culture carrier of the biological floating island. The microorganisms and the aquatic plants can decompose organic matters in water bodies or underwater silt into nutrients which can be easily absorbed by the plants, reduce nitrite in eutrophic water bodies, consume nitrogen elements in the eutrophic water bodies, inhibit excessive propagation of algae, purify the water bodies and improve the transparency of the water bodies, and in addition, the plant root systems can convey redundant oxygen into the water to promote aerobic bacteria to be transferred into a benign state.
Performance testing
The applicant carried out evaluation tests on a biological floating island for natural water purification in the above-described embodiment.
The biological floating islands for purifying natural water bodies provided in the embodiments 1 to 5 are respectively arranged in eutrophic water areas with similar pollution degrees. Wherein, the flourProduct 100m2The eutrophic water area 1 of (1), 5 biological floating islands of the embodiment 1 are arranged; area of 100m2The eutrophic water area 2 of (1), 5 biological floating islands in the embodiment 2 are arranged; area of 100m25 biological floating islands of example 3 were installed in the eutrophic water area 3; area of 100m2The eutrophic water area 4 is provided with 5 biological floating islands in the embodiment 4; area of 100m25 traditional biological floating islands are arranged in the eutrophic water area 5. The areas of the biological floating islands are all the same.
The indexes of COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water area were measured by sampling on the day after the setting and on the 10 th day after the setting, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
And (4) testing the survival rate: the composite hydrogel particles obtained in examples 1 to 4 were subjected to stirring and rubbing for 24 hours in a container with 100# waterproof sandpaper attached.
Table-performance test table
As can be seen from a performance test table, when the biological floating island for purifying natural water is used for treating polluted water areas, the chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are reduced quickly, the physical strength of the composite particle hydrogel is high, and the service life of the biological floating island is long. Therefore, the biological floating island for purifying natural water body, which combines the aquatic plants and the microorganisms, has short treatment time and low cost, and the aquatic plants, particularly the flower plants, are planted on the biological floating island, and the biological floating island also has the function of beautifying the environment.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner; as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, the present invention may be practiced without these specific details; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual techniques of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A biological floating island for purifying natural water is characterized in that the biological floating island is divided into two layers from bottom to top, composite particle hydrogel is arranged on the lower layer, and a floating island plate is arranged on the upper layer.
2. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogel of composite particles is a porous structure, the composite particles are inorganic nanoparticles, and the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is 1-3000 nm.
3. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to claim 2, wherein the composite particle hydrogel contains 8 wt% of inorganic nanoparticles.
4. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the composite particle hydrogel is greater than 90%.
5. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are selected from any one of nanoclay, mica powder, molecular sieve, wollastonite, graphite, silica and carbon nanotubes.
6. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to claim 1, wherein the floating island plate is a polyolefin foam material.
7. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the lower layer composite particle hydrogel is adhered to the upper layer floating island plate by an adhesive.
8. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to claim 1, wherein the pores of the composite particle hydrogel are adhered with microbial flora.
9. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to claim 8, wherein the microbial flora comprises microorganisms, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.
10. The biological floating island for natural water purification according to claim 1, wherein aquatic plants are planted on the biological floating island.
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| CN212712937U (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Novel ecological floating island for treating polluted water body |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1175589A (en) * | 1997-09-11 | 1999-03-23 | Taiyo Kogyo Kk | Vegetated floating island |
| KR20030086414A (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2003-11-10 | 주식회사 아썸 | An artificial plant-island without frameworks |
| CN107722230A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-02-23 | 北京北排科技有限公司 | A kind of inorganic filler modified polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108328740A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-07-27 | 中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所 | A kind of surface-flow purification system |
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