CN114643762A - Preparation method of flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric - Google Patents

Preparation method of flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114643762A
CN114643762A CN202210223584.3A CN202210223584A CN114643762A CN 114643762 A CN114643762 A CN 114643762A CN 202210223584 A CN202210223584 A CN 202210223584A CN 114643762 A CN114643762 A CN 114643762A
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layer
fibers
hydrogel
flame
retardant
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CN114643762B (en
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李瑞卿
魏炳举
程思博
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Suzhou Ningzhi New Materials Development Co ltd
Suzhou China Textile Industry Research Institute
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Suzhou Ningzhi New Materials Development Co ltd
Suzhou China Textile Industry Research Institute
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D06N3/0036—Polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
    • D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric, which comprises the following steps: paving the first grid fibers on the base cloth; coating a first hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid on the first grid fibers, and curing to form a first hydrogel layer containing the first grid fibers inside; laying heat insulation fibers on the first hydrogel layer, and laying second grid fibers on the heat insulation fibers; coating a second hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid on the second grid fibers, and curing to form a second hydrogel layer containing the second grid fibers inside; laying material a flat on the second hydrogel layer; the material A comprises a flame-retardant layer and a heat reflection layer which are attached, wherein the flame-retardant layer is formed by a flame-retardant material, and the heat reflection layer is formed by a heat reflection fabric; and the non-reflection surface of the heat reflection layer is attached to the second hydrogel layer to obtain the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric. The flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric prepared by the preparation method has good effects of blocking and insulating heat, is light and thin, and the protective clothing made of the fabric is light in weight and flexible in wearing experience.

Description

Preparation method of flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of protection, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric.
Background
The flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric has wide application prospects in production and life, for example, heat-insulation gloves made of the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric can be used for moving out containers placed in a microwave oven and an oven, and are also suitable for holding pot handles, plates, holding pot covers and the like; in the industrial aspect, the flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric can be applied to the manufacture of electronic equipment such as semiconductors, electronics, precision instruments, integrated circuits and liquid crystal displays, and the high-temperature environment in the industries of biological pharmacy, optical instruments, food and the like.
Especially in the field of electric welding and fire control, the requirement to thermal-insulated surface fabric is quite high, still must prevent that open flame from causing the injury to the wearer when having thermal-insulated, and some surface fabrics only have thermal-insulated function and can not fire-retardant or possess fire-retardant function but can not insulate against heat, have great threat to the personal safety of wearer. In addition, some heat-insulating and flame-retardant fabrics are very thick and heavy, and it can be seen from pictures and videos related to the fields of ovens, electric welding and fire fighting that the actions of wearers are greatly limited by clothes and protective articles made of thick and heavy fabrics, and the safety is reduced because hands are not flexible enough when the clothes and protective articles are used.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve all or part of the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric, and the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric prepared by the method has a lower thickness while having flame-retardant and heat-insulation functions, so that protective clothing made of the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric can be lighter, thinner and more flexible.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of a flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: paving the first grid fibers on the base cloth; coating a first hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid on the first grid fibers, and curing to form a first hydrogel layer containing the first grid fibers inside;
step S2: laying heat insulation fibers on the first hydrogel layer, and laying second grid fibers on the heat insulation fibers; coating a second hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid on the second grid fibers, and curing to form a second hydrogel layer containing the second grid fibers inside;
step S3: laying material a flat on the second hydrogel layer; the material A comprises a flame-retardant layer and a heat reflection layer which are attached, wherein the flame-retardant layer is formed by a flame-retardant material, and the heat reflection layer is formed by a heat reflection fabric; and the non-reflection surface of the heat reflection layer is attached to the second hydrogel layer to obtain the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric.
In the preparation method, the first hydrogel layer, the second hydrogel layer and the heat insulation fiber are combined to form a heat insulation unit together, and the heat insulation fiber has the functions of: firstly, the heat insulation fiber has a heat insulation effect and can improve the heat insulation effect of a heat insulation layer; secondly, because the thermal insulation effect of the hydrogel layer is related to the thickness of the hydrogel layer, the thicker hydrogel layer can generate better thermal insulation effect, but if the hydrogel layer is too thick, the hydrogel layer is easy to fall and deform and is not easy to be attached to the fabrics of the upper layer and the lower layer, in the method, thermal insulation fibers are adopted to separate the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer, so that the single-layer hydrogel layer maintains thinner thickness, the hydrogel is not easy to deform and is easy to be attached to the fabrics of the upper layer and the lower layer, but a thermal insulation unit formed by the first hydrogel layer, the second hydrogel layer and the thermal insulation fibers has certain thickness, and therefore better thermal insulation effect can be achieved; meanwhile, in order to further prevent the hydrogel layer from falling and deforming, grid fibers are respectively coated in the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer, and the grid fibers are used as a fixing framework of the hydrogel layer and can support the hydrogel layer; in the preparation method, a step-by-step curing method is adopted for two layers of hydrogel, so that the step of laying the heat insulation fibers and the second grid fibers on the first hydrogel layer is convenient to operate, similarly, the material A is laid after the second hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid is cured, so that the material A is easy to tile, the laying effect is good, and if the one-step curing method is adopted, the flowability of the hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid can cause the material laid on the material to wrinkle, and the quality of the fabric is influenced; in the preparation method, the self viscosity of the hydrogel is utilized to combine the multiple layers of fabrics, and a binder is not adopted, so that the process steps and raw materials in the fabric preparation process are simplified.
The material of the heat insulation fiber comprises one or more of hollow fiber, graphene fiber, aerogel fiber and a superposed material, and the thickness of the heat insulation fiber can be 0.1-1.6 mm. The stacked material of the present invention refers to a low thermal conductivity thermal insulation material developed by beijing stacked technology ltd, and is a thermal insulation composite material composed of an environmental-friendly functional polymer material and a base material.
The flame-retardant layer in the material A in the step S3 is made of a flame-retardant material, for example, the flame-retardant layer can be one or two of aramid fiber and polyimide fiber, and the thickness of the flame-retardant layer can be in the range of 0.2-1.5 mm; the heat reflection layer in the material A is made of heat reflection fabric, and the heat reflection fabric comprises fabric woven by terylene and/or nylon fibers with a metal coating or a graphene film formed on the surface, or fabric woven by terylene and/or nylon fibers with the graphene fibers accounting for more than 50%; the material of the metal coating comprises at least one of aluminum, gold, silver and nickel. The thickness of the heat reflection layer can be 0.06-0.2 mm, for example. The flame retardant layer and the heat reflective layer are compounded by conventional means to obtain the material A.
The first grid fiber and the second grid fiber are woven by flame-retardant fibers, and the flame-retardant fibers are one or more of polyester fibers, aramid fibers, polyimide fibers and acrylic fibers. The grid fiber woven by the flame-retardant fiber has a certain flame-retardant effect and can also be used as a fixing framework of the hydrogel layer to support the hydrogel layer.
The mesh shapes of the first grid fibers and the second grid fibers are rectangles or squares with warp directions and/or weft directions of 10-60 mm. The beneficial effects of this technical scheme are that mesh size can play the effect of good support hydrogel layer in this scope, and the size is too little, and the fibre is too close can lead to cost increase.
In the steps S1 and S2, the hydrogel pre-polymerization solution is knife-coated by using a lifting blade. The thickness of the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer can be accurately controlled by controlling the height of the lifting scraper. The thickness of the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer can be 0.3-2.5 mm, for example, in the thickness range, the hydrogel layers are not easy to fall and deform under the supporting effect of the grid material, can be attached to the upper layer and the lower layer of fabric, and are not easy to layer; if the thickness of the hydrogel layer is less than 0.3 mm, the heat insulation effect is poor, and if the thickness is more than 2.5 mm, the hydrogel layer is too thick, so that deformation is easy to cause, and the fabric is too thick.
The material of the first hydrogel layer and/or the second hydrogel layer comprises one or more of sodium alginate, calcium alginate, chitosan, gelatin, polyacrylamide, polydimethylacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate and polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate.
After the hydrogel pre-polymerization solution is coated on the first mesh fiber and the second mesh fiber, the hydrogel pre-polymerization solution needs to be cured to form a hydrogel layer. The curing method can be oven heating curing, and the curing temperature can be 37-65 ℃ for example. In the temperature range, the hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid is slowly cured to form a hydrogel layer, and the curing speed is controlled, so that the bubble space formed by high-temperature rapid evaporation is reduced. The curing method can also be ultraviolet lamp light curing, and the ultraviolet wavelength is 340-400 nm. The long-wave ultraviolet ray of the wave band has strong penetrating power and lower energy, is beneficial to slow solidification and reduces the bubble cavity generated by rapid evaporation.
The base fabric can be selected from a skin-friendly moisturizing fabric with a single-sided moisturizing film, and the single-sided moisturizing film of the skin-friendly moisturizing fabric is in contact with the first grid fibers to provide a moisturizing effect on a first hydrogel layer subsequently formed on the first grid fibers. The skin-friendly moisturizing fabric can be an aerogel fabric with low heat conduction, and the thickness of the aerogel fabric can be 0.4-0.9 mm. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the preparation method, the hydrogel prepolymerization solution is coated on the grid fibers, a first hydrogel layer and a second hydrogel layer are formed after curing, and the grid fibers are used as a fixing framework of the hydrogel layer, so that the hydrogel is not prone to falling and deforming.
(2) The preparation method separates the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer by using heat insulation fibers, so that the single-layer hydrogel maintains a thinner thickness, is easy to be tightly attached to upper and lower layer fabrics and is not easy to delaminate; and the first hydrogel layer, the heat insulation fiber and the second hydrogel layer are combined to form a heat insulation unit with a certain thickness, so that the heat insulation effect is improved in a synergistic manner.
(3) The hydrogel is used as the main material of the heat insulation unit, so that the overall weight of the flame-retardant heat insulation fabric can be reduced, and the protective clothing prepared by the flame-retardant heat insulation fabric is lighter and thinner.
(4) The preparation method has the advantages that the composite material with the flame-retardant layer and the heat reflection layer is arranged on the outermost layer, so that heat transmission is reduced, and open fire is blocked.
(5) The base cloth selected by the preparation method is a skin-friendly moisturizing fabric with a single-sided moisturizing film, and the hydrogel layer is sealed by the single-sided moisturizing film and the heat reflection layer so as to reduce water evaporation in the hydrogel layer; and the skin-friendly fabric can improve the use feeling.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a summary of the materials and thicknesses of the various layers of the flame retardant and insulating fabrics of examples 1-6.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric provided by the invention, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1: paving the first grid fibers on the base cloth; coating a first hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid on the first grid fibers, and curing to form a first hydrogel layer containing the first grid fibers inside;
step S2: laying heat insulation fibers on the first hydrogel layer, and laying second grid fibers on the heat insulation fibers; coating a second hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid on the second grid fibers, and curing to form a second hydrogel layer containing the second grid fibers inside;
step S3: laying material a flat on the second hydrogel layer; the material A comprises a flame retardant layer and a heat reflecting layer which are in contact, wherein the flame retardant layer is formed by a flame retardant material, and the heat reflecting layer is formed by a heat reflecting fabric; and the non-reflection surface of the heat reflection layer is in contact with the second hydrogel layer to obtain the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric.
The preparation process is described in detail below with reference to examples:
example 1
In this embodiment, the base fabric is a moisture-retaining skin-friendly fabric, and the moisture-retaining skin-friendly fabric is a warp-knitted fabric composed of a low-thermal-conductivity skin-friendly aerogel material with a single-sided moisture-retaining film, and the thickness of the warp-knitted fabric is 0.9 mm.
The first grid fiber and the second grid fiber are formed by weaving aramid fibers, the grid size is 10 x 10mm square, and the thickness is 0.2 mm.
The heat insulation fiber is a graphene warp-knitted fabric, and the thickness of the heat insulation fiber is 0.8 mm.
The flame-retardant layer in the material A is made of aramid fiber material, and the thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 1.5 mm; the heat reflection layer is single-sided aluminum-plated nylon woven fabric with the thickness of 0.06 mm.
The first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer are mainly composed of polyacrylamide, calcium alginate and water; the preparation method of the first hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid comprises the following steps of mixing the following materials in percentage by mass:
deionized water: acrylamide: sodium alginate: calcium sulfate: dimethyl bisacrylamide: ammonium persulfate: tetramethylethylenediamine = 86: 12: 2: 0.2656: 0.03: 0.0204: 0.03.
the preparation method comprises the following steps: flatly paving the moisturizing and skin-friendly fabric, and flatly paving the first grid fibers on the moisturizing and skin-friendly fabric, wherein a single-side moisturizing film of the moisturizing and skin-friendly fabric is in contact with the first grid fibers; coating the prepared hydrogel pre-polymerization solution on the first grid fibers by using a lifting scraper, and heating in a 65 ℃ oven for 2 hours to finish curing to form a first hydrogel layer with the thickness of 0.3 mm; laying the heat insulation fiber on the first hydrogel layer, and laying the second grid fiber on the heat insulation fiber; coating the prepared hydrogel pre-polymerization solution on the second grid fibers by using a lifting scraper, and heating in a 65 ℃ oven for 2 hours to finish curing to form a second hydrogel layer with the thickness of 0.3 mm; and flatly paving the material A on a second hydrogel layer, wherein the non-reflection surface of the heat reflection layer in the material A is in contact with the second hydrogel layer, so that the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric is obtained.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that:
the base fabric is made of a woven fabric which is composed of a low-heat-conduction skin-friendly aerogel material with a single-sided moisturizing film, and the thickness of the woven fabric is 0.4 mm.
The first grid fiber and the second grid fiber are woven by flame-retardant polyester fibers, the grid size is a rectangle with the size of 60 multiplied by 30mm, and the thickness is 2.0 mm.
The thermal insulation fiber is a woven fabric composed of aerogel fibers, and the thickness of the aerogel fibers is 0.1 mm.
The first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer are mainly composed of polyacrylamide and water, and the preparation method of the first hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid comprises the following steps of mixing the following materials in percentage by mass:
deionized water: acrylamide: dimethyl bisacrylamide: ammonium persulfate: tetramethylethylenediamine = 86: 14: 0.03: 0.0204: 0.03. the thickness of the first and second hydrogel layers in this example were both 2.5 mm.
The flame-retardant layer in the material A is a woven fabric made of polyimide fiber material, and the thickness of the woven fabric is 0.2 mm; the heat reflection layer is composed of single-sided graphene film polyester woven fabric, and the thickness of the heat reflection layer is 0.1 mm.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that:
the first grid fiber and the second grid fiber are woven by polyimide fibers, the grid size is a square of 60 x 60mm, and the thickness is 0.5 mm.
The heat insulation fiber is composed of a superposed non-woven fabric material, and the thickness of the heat insulation fiber is 1.6 mm.
The first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer are mainly composed of polyacrylic acid, chitosan and water; the preparation method of the first hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid comprises the following steps of mixing the following materials in percentage by mass:
deionized water: acrylic acid: and (3) chitosan: polyethylene glycol diacrylate: ketoglutaric acid = 84: 14: 2: 0.03: 0.05. the method for curing the first hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid in this example is as follows: and (3) completely curing the mixture by illumination for 4 h in an ultraviolet curing box, wherein the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 365 nm. The thickness of both the first hydrogel and the second hydrogel after curing was 0.8 mm.
The flame-retardant layer in the material A is a woven fabric made of high-temperature-resistant polyimide fiber material, and the thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 0.6 mm; the heat reflection layer is made of 51% of graphene fiber terylene warp knitting fabric, and the thickness of the heat reflection layer is 0.2 mm.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the thickness of the moisturizing and skin-friendly fabric is 0.8 mm.
The first grid fiber and the second grid fiber are formed by weaving polyimide and aramid fibers, the grid size is a rectangle of 50 x 40mm, and the thickness is 0.5 mm.
The heat insulation fiber is a woven fabric made of hollow fiber materials, and the thickness of the heat insulation fiber is 0.2 mm.
The first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer are mainly composed of gelatin and water; the preparation method of the first hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid comprises the following steps of mixing the following materials in percentage by mass:
deionized water: gelatin: oxidized dextran = 90: 10: 0.01. the method for curing the first hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid in this example is as follows: the mixture was heated in an oven at 37 ℃ for 2h to fully cure. The thickness of both the first hydrogel and the second hydrogel after curing was 0.7 mm.
The flame-retardant layer in the material A is made of a polyimide fiber material, and the thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 0.6 mm; the heat reflection layer is composed of single-sided graphene film nylon woven fabric, and the thickness of the heat reflection layer is 0.1 mm.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the base fabric is a moisturizing and skin-friendly fabric, the moisturizing and skin-friendly fabric is a woven fabric composed of a low-thermal-conductivity skin-friendly aerogel material with a single-sided moisturizing film, and the total thickness is 0.4 mm.
The first grid fiber and the second grid fiber are woven by flame-retardant acrylic fibers and aramid fibers, the grid size is a rectangle with the size of 50 x 40mm, and the thickness is 0.3 mm.
The heat insulation fiber is a warp-knitted fabric made of graphene fiber materials, and the thickness of the heat insulation fiber is 0.8 mm.
The flame-retardant layer in the material A is a polyimide fiber woven fabric, and the thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 1.5 mm; the heat reflection layer is made of a nylon woven fabric with 60% of graphene fiber, and the thickness of the heat reflection layer is 0.06 mm.
The first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer are mainly composed of polydimethylacrylamide and water; the preparation method of the first hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid comprises the following steps of mixing the following materials in percentage by mass:
deionized water: polydimethylacrylamide: polyethylene glycol diacrylate: ammonium persulfate: tetramethylethylenediamine = 83: 17: 0.04: 0.02: 0.03. the thickness of the cured first hydrogel and the second hydrogel was 0.5 mm.
The flame-retardant layer in the material A is made of polyimide fiber woven fabric, and the thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 1.5 mm; the heat reflection layer is composed of a nylon woven fabric with graphene fibers accounting for 60%, and the thickness of the nylon woven fabric is 0.06 mm.
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the moisturizing and skin-friendly fabric is a woven fabric composed of a low-thermal-conductivity skin-friendly aerogel material with a single-sided moisturizing film, and the total thickness is 0.4 mm.
The first grid fiber and the second grid fiber are woven by flame-retardant acrylic fibers and aramid fibers, the grid size is a rectangle of 50 x 40mm, and the thickness is 0.3 mm.
The heat insulation fiber is a warp-knitted fabric made of graphene fiber materials, and the thickness of the heat insulation fiber is 0.8 mm.
The first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer are mainly composed of acrylamide and water; the preparation method of the first hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid comprises the following steps of mixing the following materials in percentage by mass:
deionized water: acrylamide: sodium alginate: calcium sulfate: dimethyl bisacrylamide: ammonium persulfate: tetramethylethylenediamine = 86: 11: 3: 0.3: 0.026: 0.03: 0.03. the method for curing the first hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid and the second hydrogel pre-polymerized liquid in this example is as follows: the mixture was heated in an oven at 65 ℃ for 2h to fully cure. The thickness of both the first hydrogel and the second hydrogel after curing was 0.5 mm.
The flame-retardant layer in the material A is made of a polyimide fiber material, and the thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 1.5 mm; the heat reflection layer is composed of a nylon woven fabric with graphene fibers accounting for 60%, and the thickness of the heat reflection layer is 0.06 mm. In fig. 2, the compositions and thicknesses of the layers of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating fabric in the above examples 1 to 6 are summarized, the flame-retardant and heat-insulating fabric in the above examples 1 to 6 is prepared into a flame-retardant and heat-insulating glove, and the flame-retardant and heat-insulating glove obtained from the above examples is subjected to a thermal protection performance test according to the following standard, and the test results are shown in table one.
Thermal protection performance test of surface-flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric
Examples Exposure time(s) Thermal protection value (KWs/m)2） Sample state (front) Sample state (reverse side)
1 29.5 2510.45 Is normal and normal Is normal and normal
2 56.5 4808.15 Embrittlement Is normal and normal
3 69.7 5931.47 Carbonizing by carbonization Is normal and normal
4 43.4 3693.34 Embrittlement Is normal
5 54.8 4663.48 Embrittlement Is normal and normal
6 55.6 4731.56 Embrittlement Is normal
The tests refer to GB/T38302-. As can be seen from the table I, the exposure times of examples 2, 3, 5 and 6 were all above 50s, and the corresponding thermal protection values were 4660 KWs/m2From the above, it can be seen that the flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric corresponding to the embodiments 2, 3, 5, and 6 has a relatively good protective performance.
The principle of the invention is illustrated by this example: the above method for preparing the flame-retardant and heat-insulating fabric provided by the invention is described in detail, specific examples are applied in the description to explain the inventive principle of the invention, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: paving the first grid fibers on the base cloth; coating a first hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid on the first grid fibers, and curing to form a first hydrogel layer containing the first grid fibers inside;
step S2: laying heat insulation fibers on the first hydrogel layer, and laying second grid fibers on the heat insulation fibers; coating a second hydrogel pre-polymerization liquid on the second grid fibers, and curing to form a second hydrogel layer containing the second grid fibers inside;
step S3: laying material a flat on the second hydrogel layer; the material A comprises a flame-retardant layer and a heat reflection layer which are attached, wherein the flame-retardant layer is formed by a flame-retardant material, and the heat reflection layer is formed by a heat reflection fabric; and the non-reflection surface of the heat reflection layer is attached to the second hydrogel layer to obtain the flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second mesh fibers are woven from flame retardant fibers.
3. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein the flame-retardant fiber is one or more of polyester fiber, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber and acrylic fiber.
4. The method for preparing a nonwoven fabric according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the mesh shapes of the first and second lattice fibers are rectangles or squares having warp and/or weft directions of 10-60 mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first hydrogel pre-polymerization solution and the second hydrogel pre-polymerization solution are coated by a doctor blade method in each of the steps S1 and S2.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer each have a thickness of 0.3 to 2.5 mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the material of the first hydrogel layer and/or the second hydrogel layer comprises one or more of sodium alginate, calcium alginate, chitosan, gelatin, polyacrylamide, polydimethylacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the steps S1 and S2, the curing method is oven heating curing, and the curing temperature is 37-65 ℃; or ultraviolet lamp irradiation curing, and the selected ultraviolet wavelength is 340-400 nm.
9. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the material of the heat insulation fiber comprises one or more of hollow fiber, graphene fiber, aerogel fiber and stacked material; the flame-retardant material is aramid fiber and/or polyimide fiber; the heat-reflecting surface material comprises a surface material woven by terylene and/or nylon fibers of which the surface layer is provided with a metal coating or a graphene film, or a surface material woven by terylene and/or nylon fibers of which the graphene fiber accounts for more than 50%; the material of the metal coating comprises at least one of aluminum, gold, silver and nickel.
10. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the base fabric is a skin-friendly moisturizing fabric, the skin-friendly moisturizing fabric is composed of an aerogel fabric with a single-sided moisturizing film, and the moisturizing film is attached to the first mesh fibers.
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