CN114642539B - 一种基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴 - Google Patents
一种基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,包括亲水纤维层、骨架支撑层及透气外表层,亲水纤维层包括柔性底网及亲水纤维,骨架支撑层包括疏水透气层、中间芯层及通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成的抑菌透气层,透气外表层与骨架支撑层之间嵌入有若干恒温发热单元,恒温发热单元包括上包膜、下包膜及发热料;本发明还公开了该抑菌透气热敷贴的制备工艺及应用。本发明制备抑菌透气热敷贴的工艺简单、便于控制,减少了用胶量及能耗,提高了敷贴的贴合度;所述抑菌透气热敷贴除具有良好的抑菌、吸湿、透气性外,还具有远红外功能,配合能够快速升温和持续发热的恒温发热单元,可改善血液循环,促进亲水纤维层上有效成分的透皮吸收。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗用品技术领域,具体涉及一种基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴。
背景技术
现代医学把研究和应用天然的或人工的物理因子作用于人体,并通过神经、体液、内分泌及免疫等生理调节机制,达到保健、预防、治疗和康复目的的方法,称为物理因子疗法,简称理疗。理疗利用各种物理因子,如电、磁、光、水、热等以多种方式,作用于人体局部或全身皮肤,以引起人体的各种反应,如调节生理功能、影响病理过程和克服病因等。发热敷贴作为其中一种便于携带和操作的理疗产品,被广泛应用于消炎、镇痛、美容等方面,具有促进细胞代谢与血液循环,消除肿胀和疼痛,提高红细胞的携氧能力等作用。
目前,国内外研究开发的具有理疗作用的发热敷贴根据产热方式可以归纳为五种,即电加热材料、相变加热材料、吸湿加热材料、光热材料以及化学加热材料。化学加热材料通过化学物质放热反应产生热量作为热源致热,具有储能密度大、成本低廉的优点,其启动物质为氧气、水等日常可得的物质,无需电、火及其它任何能源而自行发热,使用非常便利。其中化学发热剂是指通过科学配方发生放热化学反应作为热源的配方混合物,主要分为两类:一类是固态化学发热剂,即金属粉末(铝、铁、镁等)与氧气接触氧化放热;一类是液态化学发热剂,如无机盐水化放热、酸吸湿、碱溶解、酸碱中和等。
采用化学发热剂的发热敷贴一般是将发热料置于由微孔透气膜制成的无纺布袋内,并装入不透气的外袋储存;在使用时,去掉外袋,让无纺布袋暴露在空气里,空气中的氧气通过透气膜进入里面。这种发热敷贴虽然普遍,但其结构及使用存在明显问题:1)粉末状的发热料被整块置于无纺布袋中,当发热料中的铁粉发生氧化反应后会结成硬块状,敷贴不易粘附且体感不适;2)发热速度无法控制,容易发生涨袋,致使发热温度不均匀,频发温度过高、温度过低及发热时间短;3)发热敷贴长时间贴敷在皮肤上,不能导湿、透气,容易滋生细菌,不利于发挥理疗作用。
为了解决敷贴的抗菌问题,申请号为CN201811108646.6的专利公开了一种石墨烯复合水胶体医用敷料及其制备方法,利用具有抗菌、远红外发热、散热等优良性能的石墨烯,将氧化石墨烯与水胶体敷料中亲水高分子颗粒复合将能够延长单片敷料的使用寿命,预防创面感染并提升创伤部位细胞自我修复速度。由于热疗需要发热敷料能够持续供热(45℃左右)一段时间才能够保证治疗效果,而该专利所述敷料主要用于创面愈合,其不具有自发热效果,仅靠石墨烯远红外不能发挥热疗。为了更好地发挥理疗效果,申请号为CN201810513255.6的专利公开了一种热敷贴用发热敷料,在发热敷料中添加磁粒、远红外负离子粉、冰片、生姜提取液、细辛挥发油、莪术挥发油、三棱、稀签草,形成集热疗、磁疗、远红外理疗、中药治疗为一体的外用产品。该热敷贴可以传导的方式将热量传递于患处,提高患病处的温度,但热敷贴的结构未改进,仍存在发热不均、体感不适等问题,敷料中所含复方中药药效的保持和释放均不易控制。
发明内容
基于现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供了一种基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,通过疏水透气层、中间芯层及抑菌透气层复合形成石墨烯复合无纺布,实现抑菌、吸湿、透气的同时,还具有远红外功能,配合能够快速升温和持续发热的恒温发热单元,可改善血液循环,促进亲水纤维层上有效成分的透皮吸收,并且提高敷贴的贴合度和舒适度。本发明还公开了该抑菌透气热敷贴的制备工艺以及该抑菌透气热敷贴在理疗中的应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,包括由石墨烯复合无纺布制成的骨架支撑层,所述石墨烯复合无纺布以纺粘无纺布为中间芯层,中间芯层的一侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合有疏水透气层,中间芯层的另一侧通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成抑菌透气层;所述骨架支撑层设有抑菌透气层的一侧固定有亲水纤维层,所述亲水纤维层包括柔性底网,柔性底网上复合有亲水纤维,所述亲水纤维用于涂覆有具有医疗效用或生理活性的有效成分;所述骨架支撑层设有疏水透气层的一侧固定有透气外表层,透气外表层与骨架支撑层之间嵌入有若干恒温发热单元,所述恒温发热单元包括上包膜、下包膜以及填充于上包膜与下包膜之间的发热料;其中,所述石墨烯整理液是以水为分散介质、内含1.5~3g/L聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅、5~15g/L羧甲基纤维素钠及10~20g/L氧化石墨烯。
优选地,所述发热料由以下质量百分数的原料制成:二次还原铁粉50~75%,活性炭5~25%,水15~30%,蛭石5~15%,氯化钠1~5%,吸水树脂3~10%;其中,所述活性炭由低碘值活性炭与高碘值活性炭按照质量比1:0.8~1.2混合而成,所述低碘值活性炭是指碘值为350~500mg/g的活性炭,所述高碘值活性炭是指碘值为700~1300mg/g的活性炭。
进一步,所述二次还原铁粉的粒度为80~120目,所述活性炭的粒度为250~350目,所述蛭石的粒度为70~100目,所述吸水树脂的粒度为30~50目。
优选地,所述发热料采用以下步骤制备:按照质量百分数称取发热料的各原料;将氯化钠溶于水中,再加入吸水树脂,搅拌均匀,得到物料A;将二次还原铁粉、活性炭及蛭石真空搅拌均匀,得到物料B;将物料A加入物料B中,真空搅拌均匀后,装袋密封,静置12~24小时,即得。
优选地,所述上包膜及下包膜均为双层膜结构,所述双层膜结构从内向外依次为透气膜及打孔膜;所述打孔膜上均匀间隔布置有若干透气孔,所述透气孔的孔径为0.3~1.5mm、孔间距为3~6mm;所述透气膜的透气量为300~500g/m2·24h。
优选地,所述透气外表层采用无纺布;所述柔性底网采用涤纶网布,所述亲水纤维采用棉纤维;所述疏水透气层采用聚乙烯微孔透气膜或聚氨酯微孔透气膜。
优选地,所述骨架支撑层上间隔设置有深度为0.5~2mm的压槽,所述压槽在骨架支撑层的另一侧形成凸起,相邻凸起之间形成凹陷,所述亲水纤维层位于凹陷处,所述恒温发热单元分别位于各压槽处。
优选地,所述有效成分以温敏水凝胶为载体。
上述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,制备石墨烯复合无纺布:将盐酸多巴胺溶于三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液中,得到盐酸多巴胺溶液;将二氧化硅粉末置于盐酸多巴胺溶液中,避光搅拌8~15小时后,固液分离,取固体洗涤、干燥,得到聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅;将氧化石墨烯、聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅及羧甲基纤维素钠充分分散于水中,形成石墨烯整理液;在纺粘无纺布的一侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合疏水透气层,收卷,然后按照60~100g/m2的喷涂量在纺粘无纺布的另一侧均匀喷涂石墨烯整理液,烘干、打卷;
其中,所述三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液中三羟甲基氨基甲烷的浓度为0.05mol/L,三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液的pH值为7.9~8.9;三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液中盐酸多巴胺的加入量为1.5~3g/L;盐酸多巴胺溶液中二氧化硅粉末的加入量为0.8~1.5g/L;
步骤二,制备亲水纤维层:在柔性底网上呈矩阵分布刮涂点状的热熔胶,并通过热熔胶与亲水纤维热压复合;
步骤三,制备恒温发热单元:由下至上依次叠放下包膜及上包膜,将发热料均匀间隔灌装于下包膜与上包膜之间,热封定型,热封后下包膜与上包膜之间形成若干个子内腔,发热料填充于子内腔内;模切去掉多余材料,即得若干恒温发热单元,将恒温发热单元置于真空盒内保存;
步骤四,复合、裁切:依次叠放透气外表层、恒温发热单元、骨架支撑层、亲水纤维层,辊压平整,边缘处通过超声焊接或热压复合在一起,经裁切,得到抑菌透气热敷贴。
所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴在理疗中的应用:所述抑菌透气热敷贴用于面颈部位的美容保健时,所述透气外表层的两侧设置有用于佩戴的挂带或绑带。
所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴在理疗中的应用:所述抑菌透气热敷贴用于肢体部位的透皮给药时,所述透气外表层上设有弹力布贴,所述弹力布贴的中部设置有开口,弹力布贴的边缘与透气外表层的边缘粘接在一起,弹力布贴的左、右两侧均延伸出抑菌透气热敷贴,且弹力布贴的左、右两侧均向外延伸有粘贴条,亲水纤维层远离骨架支撑层的一侧设置有与弹力布贴相应的防粘离型纸。
优选地,所述抑菌透气热敷贴装袋密封贮存。
本发明采用疏水透气层、中间芯层及抑菌透气层复合形成石墨烯复合无纺布,具有高的生物相容性、低的细胞毒性和良好的透过性。以廉价易得的纺粘无纺布作为中间芯层,具有纤网结构松软、透气吸湿效果好、加工方便、成本低、表面绒毛少等优势;采用聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅协同氧化石墨烯制备抑菌透气层,通过多巴胺自组装得到聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅提供高比表面积、强亲水性和更多活性位,二氧化硅与氧化石墨烯不同粒径之间形成多孔互穿网络,有助于吸附与扩散,实现动态传递;使用羧甲基纤维素钠作为粘结剂,能使聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅及氧化石墨烯均匀分散且粘着牢固,而且羧甲基纤维素钠的吸湿性有助于提高石墨烯复合无纺布与皮肤的粘附性;所述骨架支撑层通过疏水透气层隔绝外部的水汽,通过抑菌透气层吸收内部的水汽,并通过中间芯层向外导出,从而具有良好的吸湿、透气性。
本发明所述恒温发热单元的原料易得、携带方便、发热迅速,通过引用透气膜配合打孔膜的技术,解决了打孔膜坠袋的问题,也解决了透气膜透气量小、容易涨包的问题;恒温发热单元在使用时,当空气透过透气外表层,再依次通过打孔膜及透气膜进入发热料中,发热料吸氧反应开始发热,释热过程中高透气量的打孔膜使两层低透气量的透气膜之间产生负压,紧紧吸在发热料两侧,保证了发热料的均匀,不坠袋、不涨袋,从而保证了恒温发热。本发明采用多个恒温发热单元,减小了每个恒温发热单元的大小,解决了整块发热料硬化带来的不易粘附及体感不适问题,同时缩短了发热时间;通过采用低碘值活性炭与高碘值活性炭按比例混合的方法,使发热料不仅升温速度快,而且发热时间长,再配合含铁量95%以上的二次还原铁粉,发热时长大幅提升;通过疏水透气层减少发热料中水分的流失,通过透气外表层及骨架支撑层的保温,延长发热时间,所述恒温发热包升温时间小于8min,发热时长大于12h。
本发明采用所述亲水纤维层由柔性底网复合亲水纤维而成,柔性底网起到透气、导湿的作用,所述亲水纤维上涂覆的有效成分可以温敏水凝胶为载体,以溶液状态给药(吸附于亲水纤维),当恒温发热单元发热后,立即在用药部位发生相转变,成为半固体的凝胶状态,避免了药物流失,增加了药物稳定性,且有较好的生物相容性,可较长时间与作用部位紧密黏附,从而延长药物在机体给药部位的滞留时间,有利于药物充分吸收,提高药物的生物利用度,且安全性良好。本发明所述温敏水凝胶采用泊洛沙姆407(16wt%)、泊洛沙姆188(4wt%)、海藻酸钠(0.5wt%)、羟丙基壳聚糖(0.5wt%)配制而成,具有适宜的胶凝温度和良好的抑菌性能,凝胶后内部呈现的三维网络结构有助于组织与外界的气体交换。
本发明制备工艺简单、便于控制,过程中用胶量少,减少了能耗,也避免了敷贴因含胶量多造成的透气性差等问题,最终得到的抑菌透气热敷贴具有良好的抑菌、透气性,使用体感舒适。所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴应用于理疗,通过有效成分、热力、远红外的联合使用,打开皮肤毛孔汗孔,扩张毛细血管,加速局部的血液循环、软化皮肤的角质层,促使人体细胞产生共振吸收,能使有效成分快速、充分地通过皮肤的天然屏障,直达敷贴部位内并被吸收利用;物理恒温加热协同远红外效应还能够提高体内热能、活化细胞,促进新陈代谢,减轻炎症,对疼痛有治疗作用。本发明所制得的抑菌透气热敷贴用于透皮给药时,作为封闭式的局部制剂,其给药剂量更精准,且长时间敷贴也可以抑菌、透气,通过恒温发热单元提供快速的升温以及合适的发热温度和发热时长,促进了药物的快速、稳定、持续地释放,给药方便且随时可中断治疗。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所述抑菌透气热敷贴的结构示意图;
图2为图1中A处的局部放大图;
图3为图1的俯视图;
图4为实施例2所述抑菌透气热敷贴的三维装配分解图;
图5为图4的仰视图;
图6为实施例3所述抑菌透气热敷贴应用于眼部美容保健时的结构示意图;
图7为图6的后视图;
图8为实施例4所述抑菌透气热敷贴应用于面部美容保健时的结构示意图;
图9是实施例5所述抑菌透气热敷贴应用于肘膝关节透皮给药时的结构示意图;
图10是图9中所述弹力布贴的结构示意图;
图11是实施例6所述抑菌透气热敷贴应用于颈肩及腰部透皮给药时的结构示意图;
图12是图11中所述弹力布贴的结构示意图;
图13是实施例6所述抑菌透气热敷贴中洛索洛芬钠的体外累积透皮量(巴马小香猪背部皮肤)。
图1~12中,各附图标记所代表的部件名称为:1.透气外表层;2.恒温发热单元,201.第一打孔膜,202.第一透气膜,203.发热料,204.第二透气膜,205.第二打孔膜;3.骨架支撑层,301.疏水透气层,302.中间芯层,303.抑菌透气层,304.压槽,305.凸起,306.凹陷;4.亲水纤维层,401.柔性底网,402.亲水纤维;5.挂带;6.弹力布贴,601.矩形本体601,602.开口,603.粘贴条。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的技术目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚,下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作出进一步的说明,但所述实施例及附图中的结构旨在解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制,实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。
在实施例的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的部件或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下述实施例中所述透气外表层、中间芯层、疏水透气层以及亲水纤维层、恒温发热单元、石墨烯整理液所用原料均为普通市售产品。其中,所述二次还原铁粉购自巩义市桥沟金鑫粉末冶金厂(普通合伙),粒度为100目;所述活性炭购自山西炭元环保有限公司,低碘值活性炭的碘值为400mg/g、粒度为300目,高碘值活性炭的碘值为800mg/g,粒度为300目;所述蛭石购自灵寿县奥飞云母有限公司,粒度为80目;所述吸水树脂粒度为40目;所述第一透气膜及第二透气膜均采用聚乙烯透气膜,每平方米重约40g,透气量约350g/m2·24h;所述第一打孔膜及第二打孔膜均采用聚乙烯非透气膜机械打孔,用于打孔的辊上沿圆周方向均匀间隔布置打孔针,打孔针呈锥形,打孔针的底面直径为1.5mm、间距为4×4mm。所述氧化石墨烯购自上海利物盛纳米科技有限公司,型号为LN-F-S,松散密度≤0.36g/L,比表面积>10m2/g,平均横向尺寸6~8μm、平均纵向尺寸5.0~8.0nm;所述二氧化硅购自河南初川实业有限公司,型号为BT-40,粒度为1000目。另外,所述中间芯层及透气外表层均采用纺粘无纺布,每平方米重约60g;所述柔性底网采用的涤纶网布每平方米重约50g;所述亲水纤维(棉纤维)采用全棉水刺无纺布,每平方米重约60g;所述疏水透气层采用聚乙烯微孔透气膜,每平方米重约25g,透气量约2500g/m2·24h。
实施例1
如图1~3所示,一种基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,包括由石墨烯复合无纺布制成的骨架支撑层3,所述石墨烯复合无纺布以纺粘无纺布为中间芯层302,中间芯层302的上侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合有疏水透气层301,中间芯层302的下侧通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成抑菌透气层303。所述骨架支撑层3的下侧固定有亲水纤维层4,所述亲水纤维层4包括柔性底网401(涤纶网布),柔性底网401上复合有亲水纤维402(棉纤维),所述亲水纤维402用于涂覆有具有医疗效用或生理活性的有效成分。所述骨架支撑层3的上侧固定有透气外表层1,透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间嵌入有4个呈左右对称设置的恒温发热单元2;所述恒温发热单元2可采用固定连接,与也可采用可拆卸的(即:在透气外表层1上或者在透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间设置用于装入恒温发热单元2的缝口)。所述恒温发热单元2包括上包膜、下包膜以及填充于上包膜与下包膜之间的发热料203;所述上包膜及下包膜均为双层膜结构,所述上包膜包括第一打孔膜201及位于第一打孔膜201下方的第一透气膜202,所述下包膜包括第二打孔膜205及位于第二打孔膜205上方的第二透气膜204。
上述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,制备石墨烯复合无纺布:
(1-1)制备聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅:取50mL浓度为0.1mol/L的三羟甲基氨基甲烷溶液(Tris)与14.7mL浓度为0.1mol/L的盐酸(HCl)混匀后,加水稀释至100mL,得到三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液(Tris-HCl,pH为8.5),再加入0.2g盐酸多巴胺,搅拌至溶解,得到盐酸多巴胺溶液(即:Tris-HCl中盐酸多巴胺的加入量为2g/L);将0.1g二氧化硅粉末置于盐酸多巴胺溶液中(即:盐酸多巴胺溶液中二氧化硅粉末的加入量为1g/L),室温避光搅拌12小时后,固液分离,取固体水洗、干燥,得到聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅;
按照上述方法所涉及的配比制备聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅;
(1-2)配置石墨烯整理液:
将称取经干燥的羧甲基纤维素钠1g缓慢加入50mL水中,加热、搅拌使其完全融合,冷却至室温后,定容50mL,得到糊状胶液;将1.5g氧化石墨烯及0.2g聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅充分分散于50mL水中,然后边搅拌边缓慢加入糊状胶液,混合均匀(搅拌30min),得到石墨烯整理液(即:石墨烯整理液中聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅浓度为2g/L、羧甲基纤维素钠浓度为10g/L、氧化石墨烯浓度为15g/L);
按照上述方法所涉及的配比配置石墨烯整理液;
(1-3)复合疏水透气层301:在纺粘无纺布的一侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合疏水透气层301,依次经放卷、不规则点状透气刮涂热熔胶(PUR)、复合、收卷;其中,热熔胶涂布量为1.2g/m2、涂布速度80m/min,熔胶速度为2kg/min;
(1-4)形成抑菌透气层303:按照80g/m2的喷涂量在纺粘无纺布的另一侧通过空气压缩机均匀喷涂石墨烯整理液,烘干、打卷;
步骤二,制备亲水纤维层4:在柔性底网401上呈矩阵分布刮涂点状的热熔胶(PUR),并通过热熔胶与亲水纤维402热压复合;其中,热熔胶涂布量为0.5g/m2、涂布速度100m/min,熔胶速度为2kg/min;
步骤三,制备恒温发热单元2:
(3-1)制备发热料203:按照质量百分数称取发热料203的各原料:二次还原铁粉60%,低碘值活性炭5%,高碘值活性炭5%,水20%,蛭石5%,氯化钠1%,吸水树脂4%;将氯化钠溶于水中,再加入吸水树脂,搅拌均匀,得到物料A;将二次还原铁粉、活性炭及蛭石真空搅拌均匀,得到物料B;将物料A加入物料B中,真空搅拌均匀后,装袋密封,静置12~24小时,得到发热料203;
(3-2)由下至上依次叠放下包膜及上包膜,将发热料203均匀间隔灌装于下包膜与上包膜之间,热封定型,热封后下包膜与上包膜之间形成若干个子内腔,发热料203(10g)填充于子内腔内;模切去掉多余材料,即得若干恒温发热单元2(规格4.5×4.0cm),将恒温发热单元2置于真空盒内保存;
步骤四,复合、裁切:依次叠放透气外表层1、恒温发热单元2、骨架支撑层3、亲水纤维层4,辊压平整,边缘处通过超声焊接或热压复合在一起,经裁切,得到抑菌透气热敷贴,所述抑菌透气热敷贴装袋密封贮存。
实施例2
为了进一步提高抑菌透气热敷贴的贴合度,在实施例1的基础上,进一步改进骨架支撑层3的结构,如图4、5所示,所述骨架支撑层3上间隔设置有4个深度为1.5mm的压槽304,且4个压槽304呈对称分布,所述压槽304的横截面呈矩形,压槽304的竖直侧面采用斜面过渡;所述压槽304在骨架支撑层3的下侧形成凸起305,相邻凸起305之间形成“十”字形的凹陷306,所述亲水纤维层4与凹陷处306形状相适配。所述恒温发热单元2分别位于各压槽304处,所述亲水纤维层4位于凹陷306处,这样可以减少抑菌透气热敷贴的总厚度。
通过对骨架支撑层3的预压成型,使骨架支撑层3敷贴皮肤的一侧呈现凹凸,不仅有助于敷贴面形成气体导流通道,而且当敷贴部位发生弯曲舒张时,骨架支撑层3的凹凸可同步发生一定的伸缩,使用者不会产生绷紧等不舒适的感觉。
实施例3
所述抑菌透气热敷贴用于眼部的美容保健时,即:一种抑菌透气发热眼罩,如图1、2、6、7所示,包括呈眼罩状的骨架支撑层3及透气外表层1,骨架支撑层3与透气外表层1之间嵌入两个左、右相对设置的恒温发热单元2,骨架支撑层3远离透气外表层1的一侧设置有亲水纤维层4,所述亲水纤维层4呈与眼周形状相对应的“∞”形,所述透气外表层1的左、右两侧均设置有用于佩戴的挂带5。
其中,所述透气外表层1、恒温发热单元2、骨架支撑层3及亲水纤维层4均采用实施例1的技术方案,即:所述骨架支撑层3由石墨烯复合无纺布制成,所述石墨烯复合无纺布以纺粘无纺布为中间芯层302,中间芯层302的上侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合有疏水透气层301,中间芯层302的下侧通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成抑菌透气层303。所述恒温发热单元2包括上包膜、下包膜以及填充于上包膜与下包膜之间的发热料203;所述上包膜及下包膜均为双层膜结构,所述上包膜包括第一打孔膜201及位于第一打孔膜201下方的第一透气膜202,所述下包膜包括第二打孔膜205及位于第二打孔膜205上方的第二透气膜204。所述恒温发热单元2可采用固定连接,与也可采用可拆卸的(即:在透气外表层1上或者在透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间设置用于装入恒温发热单元2的缝口)。所述亲水纤维层4包括柔性底网401(涤纶网布),柔性底网401上复合有亲水纤维402(棉纤维),所述亲水纤维402用于涂覆具有生理活性的有效成分。所述有效成分由以下重量份数的原料混合而成:精油1份、透明质酸0.1份、增溶剂(PEG-40氢化蓖麻油)0.02份和水20份,所述精油选用玫瑰精油、洋甘菊精油、薰衣草精油及橙花精油中的一种。
上述抑菌透气发热眼罩按照实施例1所述抑菌透气热敷贴的工艺步骤制备。所述有效成分与抑菌透气发热面罩分开包装,使用时,再将有效成分涂在亲水纤维402上,然后敷于眼部。
实施例4
所述抑菌透气热敷贴用于面部的美容保健时,即:一种抑菌透气发热面罩,如图1、2、8所示,包括呈面罩状的骨架支撑层3及透气外表层1,骨架支撑层3与透气外表层1之间呈左、右对称嵌入若干恒温发热单元2,骨架支撑层3远离透气外表层1的一侧设置有亲水纤维层4(所述亲水纤维层4可根据需要设置成与面部相适配的形状),所述透气外表层1的左、右两侧均设置有用于佩戴的挂带5。
其中,所述透气外表层1、恒温发热单元2、骨架支撑层3及亲水纤维层4均采用实施例1的技术方案,即:所述骨架支撑层3由石墨烯复合无纺布制成,所述石墨烯复合无纺布以纺粘无纺布为中间芯层302,中间芯层302的上侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合有疏水透气层301,中间芯层302的下侧通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成抑菌透气层303。所述恒温发热单元2包括上包膜、下包膜以及填充于上包膜与下包膜之间的发热料203;所述上包膜及下包膜均为双层膜结构,所述上包膜包括第一打孔膜201及位于第一打孔膜201下方的第一透气膜202,所述下包膜包括第二打孔膜205及位于第二打孔膜205上方的第二透气膜204。所述恒温发热单元2可采用固定连接,与也可采用可拆卸的(即:在透气外表层1上或者在透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间设置用于装入恒温发热单元2的缝口)。所述亲水纤维层4包括柔性底网401(涤纶网布),柔性底网401上复合有亲水纤维402(棉纤维),所述亲水纤维402用于涂覆具有生理活性的有效成分。所述有效成分由以下重量份数的原料混合而成:珍珠粉0.4份、芦荟提取物0.2份、薏苡仁提取物0.2份、玫瑰提取物0.1份、透明质酸0.1份和水20份。
上述抑菌透气发热面罩按照实施例1所述抑菌透气热敷贴的工艺步骤制备。所述有效成分与抑菌透气发热面罩分开包装,使用时,再将有效成分涂在亲水纤维402上,然后敷于面部。
实施例5
所述抑菌透气热敷贴用于肘膝关节的透皮给药时,即一种抑菌发热的肘膝关节疼痛贴,如图1、2、9、10所示,在实施例1的基础上(包含实施例1的技术方案),即:包括由石墨烯复合无纺布制成的骨架支撑层3,所述石墨烯复合无纺布以纺粘无纺布为中间芯层302,中间芯层302的上侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合有疏水透气层301,中间芯层302的下侧通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成抑菌透气层303。所述骨架支撑层3的下侧固定有亲水纤维层4,所述亲水纤维层4包括柔性底网401(涤纶网布),柔性底网401上复合有亲水纤维402(棉纤维),所述亲水纤维402用于涂覆有具有医疗效用或生理活性的有效成分。所述骨架支撑层3的上侧固定有透气外表层1,透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间嵌入有4个呈左右对称设置的恒温发热单元2;所述恒温发热单元2可采用固定连接,与也可采用可拆卸的(即:在透气外表层1上或者在透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间设置用于装入恒温发热单元2的缝口)。所述恒温发热单元2包括上包膜、下包膜以及填充于上包膜与下包膜之间的发热料203;所述上包膜及下包膜均为双层膜结构,所述上包膜包括第一打孔膜201及位于第一打孔膜201下方的第一透气膜202,所述下包膜包括第二打孔膜205及位于第二打孔膜205上方的第二透气膜204。
除包含实施例1所述抑菌透气热敷贴的结构外,所述透气外表层1上还设有弹力布贴6,所述弹力布贴6包括矩形本体601,矩形本体601的中部设置有开口602,矩形本体601的边缘与透气外表层1的边缘粘接在一起,矩形本体601的左、右两侧均延伸出抑菌透气热敷贴,且弹力布贴6的左侧向左方延伸有两个粘贴条603,弹力布贴6的右侧向右方也延伸有两个粘贴条603,弹力布贴6左、右两侧的粘贴条603分别位于弹力布贴6的四角处且呈左右对称设置,亲水纤维层4远离骨架支撑层3的一侧设置有与弹力布贴6相应的防粘离型纸。
所述有效成分包括非甾体抗炎药和载药基质(呈乳膏状);所述非甾体抗炎药为双氯芬酸钠、吡罗昔康、酮洛芬、吲哚美辛、布洛芬、双氯酚酸依泊胺、氟比洛芬、双氯酚酸二乙胺中的一种;所述基质包括单甘油脂肪酸酯、羊毛脂、凡士林。
上述肘膝关节疼痛贴按照实施例1所述抑菌透气热敷贴的工艺步骤制备。所述有效成分可在装袋密封前涂覆在亲水纤维402上,并覆上防粘离型纸。使用时,打开包装、撕掉防粘离型纸,然后敷于疼痛部位(肘膝关节,每次敷贴12小时)。
实施例6
所述抑菌透气热敷贴用于颈肩及腰部透皮给药时,即一种抑菌发热的颈肩及腰部疼痛贴,如图1、2、11、12所示,在实施例1的基础上(包含实施例1的技术方案),即:包括由石墨烯复合无纺布制成的骨架支撑层3,所述石墨烯复合无纺布以纺粘无纺布为中间芯层302,中间芯层302的上侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合有疏水透气层301,中间芯层302的下侧通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成抑菌透气层303。所述骨架支撑层3的下侧固定有亲水纤维层4,所述亲水纤维层4包括柔性底网401(涤纶网布),柔性底网401上复合有亲水纤维402(棉纤维),所述亲水纤维402用于涂覆有具有医疗效用或生理活性的有效成分。所述骨架支撑层3的上侧固定有透气外表层1,透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间嵌入有4个呈左右对称设置的恒温发热单元2;所述恒温发热单元2可采用固定连接,与也可采用可拆卸的(即:在透气外表层1上或者在透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间设置用于装入恒温发热单元2的缝口)。所述恒温发热单元2包括上包膜、下包膜以及填充于上包膜与下包膜之间的发热料203;所述上包膜及下包膜均为双层膜结构,所述上包膜包括第一打孔膜201及位于第一打孔膜201下方的第一透气膜202,所述下包膜包括第二打孔膜205及位于第二打孔膜205上方的第二透气膜204。
除包含实施例1所述抑菌透气热敷贴的结构外,所述透气外表层1上还设有弹力布贴6,所述弹力布贴6包括矩形本体601,矩形本体601的中部设置有开口602,矩形本体601的边缘与透气外表层1的边缘粘接在一起,矩形本体601的左、右两侧均延伸出抑菌透气热敷贴,且弹力布贴6的左、右两侧均延伸有粘贴条603,弹力布贴6左、右两侧的粘贴条603呈左右对称设置,亲水纤维层4远离骨架支撑层3的一侧设置有与弹力布贴6相应的防粘离型纸。
实施例6与实施例5的不同之处在于:粘贴条603的形状。实施例5通过4个粘接条(上下两头粘结、中间留空)贴敷固定,不包裹关节后侧,故对关节弯折活动影响小。实施例6所述粘接条为2个,呈左右对称设置,上下两头粘结面积小、中间粘结面积大,以便于颈肩及腰部敷贴时固定牢固。
上述颈肩及腰部疼痛贴按照实施例1所述抑菌透气热敷贴的工艺步骤制备。所述有效成分为洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶,原料配方包括洛索洛芬钠、泊洛沙姆407、泊洛沙姆188、海藻酸钠、羟丙基壳聚糖、水,具体配比如表2所示。洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶具体制备步骤如下:将洛索洛芬钠溶于羟丙基壳聚糖的水溶液中,然后边搅拌边加入泊洛沙姆407和泊洛沙姆188,混合均匀,再加入海藻酸钠,混匀后于4℃冰箱中充分溶胀至完全溶解,即得低温可自由流动的洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶。所述洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶与颈肩及腰部疼痛贴分开包装,使用时,再将洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶倒在亲水纤维402上,然后敷于疼痛部位(颈肩或腰部,每次敷贴12小时)。
下面采用搅拌子法测定洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶的胶凝温度,具体为:取洛索洛芬钠温敏水溶胶于烧杯中,并置于可加热的磁力搅拌器上,将温度计插入溶胶中,以1℃/min的升温速率缓慢升温,搅拌子完全停止转动的温度即为胶凝温度,平行测定3次,取均值。并将100μL菌液(大肠杆菌)与洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶共同孵育,采用平板涂布法将菌液与水凝胶混合溶液接种在LB固体培养基上,用涂布器将其均匀涂布,自然晾干并标记,置于37℃恒温培养箱孵育12h后,记菌落数,计算抑菌效果。
试验样品原料配比、胶凝温度计抑菌效果如表1所示。
表1洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶原料配比及胶凝温度、抑菌效果
从表1可以看出,随着泊洛沙姆188比例的增大,胶凝温度升高;羟丙基壳聚糖的加入可以增加温敏水凝胶的稳定性,同时对提高抑菌效果也有很大作用;海藻酸钠作为黏度调节剂,可以增加洛索洛芬钠在用药部位的滞留性,但是会降低温敏水凝胶的胶凝温度。以最接近体表的温度作为最适宜的胶凝温度,选择试样1不仅有助于保持有效成分的均匀性,而且可以保证透皮给药的稳定性。
实施例7
所述抑菌透气热敷贴用于腹部透皮给药时,即一种抑菌发热的暖宫贴,按照实施例6所述颈肩及腰部疼痛贴的结构,即:包括由石墨烯复合无纺布制成的骨架支撑层3,所述石墨烯复合无纺布以纺粘无纺布为中间芯层302,中间芯层302的上侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合有疏水透气层301,中间芯层302的下侧通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成抑菌透气层303。所述骨架支撑层3的下侧固定有亲水纤维层4,所述亲水纤维层4包括柔性底网401(涤纶网布),柔性底网401上复合有亲水纤维402(棉纤维),所述亲水纤维402用于涂覆有具有医疗效用或生理活性的有效成分。所述骨架支撑层3的上侧固定有透气外表层1,透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间嵌入有4个呈左右对称设置的恒温发热单元2;所述恒温发热单元2可采用固定连接,与也可采用可拆卸的(即:在透气外表层1上或者在透气外表层1与骨架支撑层3之间设置用于装入恒温发热单元2的缝口)。所述恒温发热单元2包括上包膜、下包膜以及填充于上包膜与下包膜之间的发热料203;所述上包膜及下包膜均为双层膜结构,所述上包膜包括第一打孔膜201及位于第一打孔膜201下方的第一透气膜202,所述下包膜包括第二打孔膜205及位于第二打孔膜205上方的第二透气膜204。所述透气外表层1上还设有弹力布贴6,所述弹力布贴6包括矩形本体601,矩形本体601的中部设置有开口602,矩形本体601的边缘与透气外表层1的边缘粘接在一起,矩形本体601的左、右两侧均延伸出抑菌透气热敷贴,且弹力布贴6的左、右两侧均延伸有粘贴条603,弹力布贴6左、右两侧的粘贴条603呈左右对称设置,亲水纤维层4远离骨架支撑层3的一侧设置有与弹力布贴6相应的防粘离型纸。
其中,所述有效成分由以下原料制成:肉桂8份、薰衣草5份、当归8份、乳香1.5份、没药1.5份、冰片1份、丙烯酸钠3.2份、丙二醇0.8份、甘油4份、水384份、乙醇96份;制备步骤为:将乙醇与水混合均匀,并三等分,得到三个等份的提取溶剂;将肉桂、薰衣草、当归、乳香、没药、冰片粉碎、混合,得到药物混合物,取一份提取溶剂,加入药物混合物,于90℃加热提取1小时,固液分离,得到一次提取后的药渣及药液;向一次提取后的药渣中加入一份提取溶剂,再于90℃加热提取1小时,固液分离,得到二次提取后的药渣及药液;向二次提取后的药渣中加入一份提取溶剂,再于90℃加热提取1小时,固液分离,得到三次提取后的药渣及药液;将三次提取后的药液合并,浓缩至体积的五分之一,然后依次加入甘油、丙二醇及丙烯酸钠,混合均匀,即得用于暖宫贴的有效成分。
上述抑菌发热的暖宫贴按照实施例1所述抑菌透气热敷贴的工艺步骤制备。所述有效成分可在装袋密封前涂覆在亲水纤维402上(涂覆量25g/m2),并覆上防粘离型纸。使用时,打开包装、撕掉防粘离型纸,然后敷于腹部,每次敷贴12小时。
实施例8~10
按照实施例1的技术方案,区别在于改变恒温发热单元2发热料203的配比。实施例1、8~10所述发热料203各原料所占的质量百分数如表2所示。
表2实施例1、8~10所述发热料各原料所占的质量百分数(wt%)
实施例11~13
按照实施例1的技术方案,区别在于改变石墨烯整理液的配比。实施例1、11~13所述石墨烯整理液各原料的浓度如表3所示。
表3实施例1、11~13所述石墨烯整理液各原料的浓度(g/L)
比较例1
按照实施例1的技术方案,区别在于:活性炭全部采用低碘值活性炭。
比较例2
按照实施例1的技术方案,区别在于:活性炭全部采用高碘值活性炭。
比较例3
按照实施例1的技术方案,区别在于:去掉第一打孔膜201及第二打孔膜205,仅采用第一透气膜202及第二透气膜204包裹发热料203。
比较例4
按照实施例1的技术方案,区别在于:石墨烯整理液中不含聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅。
性能测试:
(1)发热性能
按照中华人民共和国医药行业标准YY0060-2018的温度试验方法对实施例1、8~10及比较例1~3所制得抑菌透气热敷贴(亲水纤维层不涂覆有效成分)的发热性能进行检测。以打开包装开始氧化发热至升温到40℃所需的时间作为升温时间,以发热温度在40℃以上的保持时间的总值作为持续时间,以持续时间中最高温度与40℃的平均温度以上的时间作为温度保证时间。每组抑菌透气热敷贴做8个平行试样,去除最高值及最低值后取平均值。
经温度测试发现,检测过程中对比例3温度升至40℃后,发生涨袋,温度曲线变化较大,不能恒温保持;其他实施例及对比例温度测试结果如表4所示。
表4实施例1、8~10及对比例1、2所述抑菌透气热敷贴的温度测试结果
从表4可以看出,本发明制得的抑菌透气热敷贴升温时长小于8min,发热时长大于12h,最高温度50.5±1.1℃。比较例1采用低碘值活性炭,升温速度快,但持续时间短;对比例2采用高碘值活性炭,升温速度慢,但可延长持续时间;本发明采用低碘值活性炭配合高碘值活性炭使用,不仅升温速度较快,而且能大幅延长发热时间。另外,从温度测试结果中可推测出:发热料203原料中,水作为参与反应的氧化物,水的含量可以延长发热时间,但过多的水会影响发热温度;活性炭对恒温发热有催化作用,会影响升温时间和温度;二次还原铁粉对最高温度有微调节的作用,适当增加二次还原铁粉的量,可以提高最高温度。
(2)抑菌性及透气、透湿性
对实施例1、11~13及对比例4所制备的石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌率及透湿性进行检测,结果如表5所示。
表5实施例1、11~13及对比例4所述石墨烯复合无纺布的测试结果
从表4中可以看出,本发明制备的石墨烯复合无纺布具有良好的透气、透湿、抑菌性能,透湿量约为5200~6100g/m2·24h,透气量大于1400g/m2·24h。
(3)体外透皮给药性能
采用弗朗茨(Franz)扩散池法,使用巴马小香猪背部皮肤,以洛索洛芬钠贴剂(利德化学有限公司(日本)、批号N070R)为对比,考察实施例6所述抑菌透气热敷贴的体外透皮速率和透皮量。使用时,将呈溶胶状的洛索洛芬钠温敏水凝胶倒在亲水纤维402上,使其充分浸润,每片抑菌透气热敷贴上洛索洛芬钠的含量为50mg,然后敷贴在所需给药的部位。
以1个月巴马小香猪背部皮肤为试验对象,洛索洛芬钠贴剂及抑菌透气热敷贴的体外累积透皮量结果如图13所示,采用本发明制备的抑菌透气热敷贴累积透皮量几乎呈匀速增长,14小时时,抑菌透气热敷贴中洛索洛芬钠的体外透过量约为洛索洛芬钠贴剂(常温条件)透过量的2.875倍。可见,本发明制得的抑菌透气热敷贴用于洛索洛芬钠透皮给药,可促进洛索洛芬钠的透皮速率及透皮量,有助于药物稳定、持续的释放,且提高药物的生物利用度及临床疗效,用于治疗各种肌肉、软组织和关节中度疼痛。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,其特征在于:包括由石墨烯复合无纺布制成的骨架支撑层,所述石墨烯复合无纺布以纺粘无纺布为中间芯层,中间芯层的一侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合有疏水透气层,中间芯层的另一侧通过喷涂石墨烯整理液形成抑菌透气层;所述骨架支撑层设有抑菌透气层的一侧固定有亲水纤维层,所述亲水纤维层包括柔性底网,柔性底网上复合有亲水纤维,所述亲水纤维用于涂覆有具有医疗效用或生理活性的有效成分;所述骨架支撑层设有疏水透气层的一侧固定有透气外表层,透气外表层与骨架支撑层之间嵌入有若干恒温发热单元,所述恒温发热单元包括上包膜、下包膜以及填充于上包膜与下包膜之间的发热料;其中,所述石墨烯整理液是以水为分散介质、内含1.5~3 g/L聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅、5~15 g/L羧甲基纤维素钠及10~20 g/L氧化石墨烯;
所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,制备石墨烯复合无纺布:将盐酸多巴胺溶于三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液中,得到盐酸多巴胺溶液;将二氧化硅粉末置于盐酸多巴胺溶液中,避光搅拌8~15小时后,固液分离,取固体洗涤、干燥,得到聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅;将氧化石墨烯、聚多巴胺修饰二氧化硅及羧甲基纤维素钠充分分散于水中,形成石墨烯整理液;在纺粘无纺布的一侧通过热熔胶透气涂布复合疏水透气层,收卷,然后按照60~100 g/m2的喷涂量在纺粘无纺布的另一侧均匀喷涂石墨烯整理液,烘干、打卷;
其中,所述三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液中三羟甲基氨基甲烷的浓度为0.05 mol/L,三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液的pH值为7.9~8.9;三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐缓冲液中盐酸多巴胺的加入量为1.5~3 g/L;盐酸多巴胺溶液中二氧化硅粉末的加入量为0.8~1.5g/L;
步骤二,制备亲水纤维层:在柔性底网上呈矩阵分布刮涂点状的热熔胶,并通过热熔胶与亲水纤维热压复合;
步骤三,制备恒温发热单元:由下至上依次叠放下包膜及上包膜,将发热料均匀间隔灌装于下包膜与上包膜之间,热封定型,热封后下包膜与上包膜之间形成若干个子内腔,发热料填充于子内腔内;模切去掉多余材料,即得若干恒温发热单元,将恒温发热单元置于真空盒内保存;
步骤四,复合、裁切:依次叠放透气外表层、恒温发热单元、骨架支撑层、亲水纤维层,辊压平整,边缘处通过超声焊接或热压复合在一起,经裁切,得到抑菌透气热敷贴。
2.根据权利要求1所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,其特征在于:所述发热料由以下质量百分数的原料制成:二次还原铁粉50~75%,活性炭5~25%,水15~30%,蛭石5~15%,氯化钠1~5%,吸水树脂3~10%;其中,所述活性炭由低碘值活性炭与高碘值活性炭按照质量比1:0.8~1.2混合而成,所述低碘值活性炭是指碘值为350~500 mg/g的活性炭,所述高碘值活性炭是指碘值为700~1300 mg/g的活性炭。
3.根据权利要求2所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,其特征在于,所述发热料采用以下步骤制备:按照质量百分数称取发热料的各原料;将氯化钠溶于水中,再加入吸水树脂,搅拌均匀,得到物料A;将二次还原铁粉、活性炭及蛭石真空搅拌均匀,得到物料B;将物料A加入物料B中,真空搅拌均匀后,装袋密封,静置12~24小时,即得。
4.根据权利要求1所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,其特征在于:所述上包膜及下包膜均为双层膜结构,所述双层膜结构从内向外依次为透气膜及打孔膜;所述打孔膜上均匀间隔布置有若干透气孔,所述透气孔的孔径为0.3~1.5 mm、孔间距为3~6 mm;所述透气膜的透气量为300~500 g/m2·24 h。
5.根据权利要求1所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,其特征在于:所述透气外表层采用无纺布;所述柔性底网采用涤纶网布,所述亲水纤维采用棉纤维;所述疏水透气层采用聚乙烯微孔透气膜或聚氨酯微孔透气膜。
6.根据权利要求1所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,其特征在于:所述骨架支撑层上间隔设置有深度为0.5~2 mm的压槽,所述压槽在骨架支撑层的另一侧形成凸起,相邻凸起之间形成凹陷,所述亲水纤维层位于凹陷处,所述恒温发热单元分别位于各压槽处。
7.根据权利要求1所述基于石墨烯复合无纺布的抑菌透气热敷贴,其特征在于:所述有效成分以温敏水凝胶为载体。
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