CN114640911A

CN114640911A - Acoustic device

Info

Publication number: CN114640911A
Application number: CN202210312857.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王永明; 吴军
Original assignee: Shenzhen Longwei Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Longwei Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-28
Filing date: 2022-03-28
Publication date: 2022-06-17

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic equipment, and discloses acoustic equipment which comprises a loudspeaker, a first shell and a waterproof structure, wherein a containing cavity is formed in the first shell, the loudspeaker is arranged in the containing cavity, radiation ports are respectively formed in the first shell corresponding to two radiation surfaces, the waterproof structure comprises a second shell, the second shell is positioned on the outer side of at least one radiation port and connected to the first shell, a waterproof cavity is formed on the outer sides of the radiation ports by the second shell and the first shell, a plurality of openings communicated with the waterproof cavity are formed in the second shell, and the openings and the radiation ports are arranged in a staggered mode, so that water pressure can be effectively prevented from directly impacting the radiation ports, and a good waterproof effect is achieved.

Description

Acoustic device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic equipment.

Background

An open acoustic device refers to an acoustic device in which a speaker radiates sound waves to a free field space and has a relatively low radiation impedance, such as a sound box, an open earphone, and audio glasses. At present, in some open acoustic devices, in order to obtain good sound quality, radiation ports are arranged on the front surface and the back surface of a shell, sound waves are radiated from the radiation ports to a free field space, and a waterproof measure of the back surface is to arrange a damping material on the radiation ports. However, if a damping material with a higher acoustic impedance is selected, the radiation impedance of the back of the speaker is much larger than that of the front of the speaker, and sufficient bass cannot be obtained.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, the invention proposes an acoustic device which is of open design and which is effectively waterproof.

The acoustic device comprises a loudspeaker, a first shell and a waterproof structure, wherein the loudspeaker is provided with two oppositely arranged radiation surfaces capable of radiating sound waves; the first shell is internally provided with an accommodating cavity, the loudspeaker is arranged in the accommodating cavity, radiation ports are respectively arranged on the first shell corresponding to the two radiation surfaces, and each radiation port is used for radiating sound waves emitted by the radiation surface of the loudspeaker to the outside of the first shell; the waterproof structure comprises a second shell, the second shell is positioned on the outer side of at least one radiation port and connected to the first shell, a waterproof cavity is formed on the outer side of the radiation port by the second shell and the first shell, a plurality of openings communicated with the waterproof cavity are formed in the second shell, and the openings are used for radiating sound waves to the outside of the second shell; each opening and the radiation opening are arranged in a staggered mode.

The acoustic equipment of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: can be in the outside waterproof chamber that forms of radiation mouth through waterproof construction, the opening and the radiation mouth dislocation set of second casing can effectively avoid water pressure direct impact radiation mouth to have good water-proof effects.

According to some embodiments of the invention, at least one of the plurality of openings is lower than the radiation opening.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plurality of openings are oriented in correspondence with the orientation of the radiation opening.

According to some embodiments of the invention, at least two different orientations of the openings are included in the plurality of openings.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plurality of openings comprises a first opening coinciding with the orientation of the radiation opening and a second opening perpendicular to the orientation of the radiation opening.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plurality of openings includes a first opening and a second opening perpendicular to an orientation of the radiation opening, and the first opening and the second opening are oppositely oriented.

According to some embodiments of the invention, each of the openings is provided with a first flashing covering the opening.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a second flashing is arranged at the radiation opening, the second flashing covering the radiation opening, the acoustic impedance of the second flashing being lower than the acoustic impedance of the first flashing.

According to some embodiments of the invention the acoustic impedance of the second waterproof is lower than the acoustic impedance of the first waterproof.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the first housing and the second housing are formed as a unitary structure.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a conduit is disposed on the first housing corresponding to at least one of the radiation surfaces, the conduit communicates with the accommodating cavity and extends in a direction away from the accommodating cavity, and a back surface of the conduit opposite to the accommodating cavity is provided with the radiation port.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical in-ear acoustic device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical open acoustic device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another typical open acoustic device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a typical open acoustic device and its waterproof structure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an acoustic apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an acoustic apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an acoustic apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an acoustic apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an acoustic apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

a first housing 100, a first radiation port 101, a second radiation port 102, a second waterproof member 103, a step 104, a guide tube 105, a housing chamber 106;

a second shell 200, a first opening 201, a second opening 202, a first waterproof piece 204, a waterproof cavity 205;

a loudspeaker 300, a first radiation surface 301 and a second radiation surface 302.

Detailed Description

The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if an orientation description is referred to, for example, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if a feature is referred to as being "disposed", "fixed", "connected", or "mounted" to another feature, it can be directly disposed, fixed, or connected to the other feature or be indirectly disposed, fixed, connected, or mounted to the other feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if "a number" is referred to, it means one or more, if "a plurality" is referred to, it means two or more, if "greater than", "less than" or "more than" is referred to, it is understood that the number is not included, and if "greater than", "lower" or "inner" is referred to, it is understood that the number is included. If reference is made to "first" or "second", this should be understood to distinguish between features and not to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of indicated features or to implicitly indicate the precedence of the indicated features.

Fig. 1 to 4 are schematic structural diagrams of several typical acoustic devices at present, wherein fig. 1 shows an acoustic device of an in-ear type; fig. 2 to 4 show an open acoustic device. Referring to fig. 1, a typical in-ear acoustic device is an in-ear earphone, and in a conventional in-ear waterproof earphone, a speaker 10 is disposed in a sealed housing 20, and sound waves radiated from the speaker 10 are propagated into an ear canal through a sound guide tube 30. And a silica gel sleeve 40 is sleeved between the sound guide tube 30 and the ear canal to form a sealing structure, and the loudspeaker 10 is tightly coupled with the ear canal. To balance the radiation impedance of the front face of the loudspeaker 10, a relatively high radiation impedance is also required at the rear face thereof. The solution of backside waterproofing is therefore to provide a damping material or a waterproofing membrane for waterproofing on the backside radiation opening 50 of the housing 20, thereby forming a waterproof structure. However, the in-ear headphones are inconvenient to wear and use, and can cause obvious discomfort after being worn for a long time.

The open type acoustic equipment is acoustic equipment with a loudspeaker radiating sound waves to a free field space and low radiation impedance, and mainly comprises a sound box, open type earphones, audio glasses and other products. The open type acoustic device can be roughly divided into two basic radiation modes of fig. 2 and 3 according to the design principle. In fig. 2, the speaker 10 radiates sound waves directly into the free field space, and a back radiation port 50 is provided in the back cavity wall to radiate sound waves. Fig. 3 shows that after the speaker 10 passes through a front cavity 31, sound waves are radiated into the free field space through an opening 51 provided in the front, and sound waves are radiated through a rear radiation port 50 provided in the rear cavity wall. However, in order to obtain good sound quality, the acoustic impedance of the damping material of such open devices is relatively low. Therefore, the radiation impedance of the front side of the loudspeaker 10 of the solution shown in fig. 2 or 3 is relatively low, and therefore the waterproof structure suitable for in-ear headphones as described above cannot be used. Otherwise, since the radiation impedance of the back of the speaker is much larger than that of the front thereof, sufficient bass sound cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the back radiation port 50 is covered with a damping material for waterproofing having a low acoustic impedance, the water pressure will penetrate the damping material to a certain extent, and the waterproofing will fail.

Typical open acoustic devices also include an enclosure, the waterproof design of which generally employs the structure shown in fig. 4, with the speaker 10 disposed within the sealed enclosure 20, and a passive radiation cone 70 disposed on the enclosure 20. The passive radiation basin 70 is made of a waterproof material so that water cannot enter the interior of the housing. The passive radiating basin 70 has elasticity and can vibrate along with the loudspeaker 10, so that sound waves radiated from the back of the loudspeaker 10 are transmitted to the air, and not only can the waterproof effect be achieved, but also a good bass effect can be obtained. The bass effect depends on the volume within the enclosure 20 and the resonant frequency of the resonant system formed by the passive radiating basin 70, with lower resonant frequencies being better. However, this method is not suitable for small-volume open acoustic devices because the volume inside the enclosure and the size of the passive radiating basin are too small, and the resonance frequency cannot be made low enough, so that the bass sound of the small-volume open acoustic device cannot meet the requirement.

The embodiment of the invention provides the open type acoustic equipment which can effectively prevent water and ensure tone quality aiming at the problems of the existing acoustic equipment. Fig. 5 to 9 are schematic structural views of some embodiments of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an acoustic device including a speaker 300, a first housing 100, and a waterproof structure, the speaker 300 having two oppositely disposed radiation surfaces capable of radiating sound waves; the first casing 100 has a receiving cavity 106 inside, the speaker 300 is disposed in the receiving cavity 106, and radiation ports (e.g., a first radiation port 101 and a second radiation port 102) are disposed on the first casing 100 corresponding to two radiation surfaces, respectively, and each radiation port is used for radiating sound waves emitted from the radiation surface of the speaker 300 to the outside of the first casing 100.

The waterproof structure comprises a second shell 200, the second shell 200 is positioned outside at least one radiation opening and connected to the first shell 100, the second shell 200 and the first shell 100 form a waterproof cavity 205 outside the radiation opening, the second shell 200 is provided with a plurality of openings (such as a first opening 201 and a second opening 202) communicated with the waterproof cavity 205, and the openings can be used for radiating sound waves outside the second shell 200; each opening and the radiation opening are arranged in a staggered manner. From this, can form waterproof chamber 205 in the radiation mouth outside through waterproof construction, the opening and the radiation mouth dislocation set of second casing 200 can effectively avoid water pressure direct impact radiation mouth. In the embodiment of the present invention, the opening provided in the second housing 200 may be a single large opening, or may be an opening formed by combining a plurality of small holes.

The plurality of openings of the second housing 200 can be used for radiating sound waves to a free field, each opening can be provided with a first waterproof member 204 made of damping material, waterproof film or dust screen, and the first waterproof member 204 covers the opening to effectively prevent water. Therefore, under the waterproof effect of the waterproof structure, the radiation port can be prevented from being provided with a waterproof part, or the waterproof part can be made of a material with lower acoustic impedance, so that the waterproof structure is beneficial to obtaining better bass tone quality.

In the above embodiment, the two radiation surfaces of the speaker 300 may be referred to as a first radiation surface 301 and a second radiation surface 302, and the two radiation ports opened on the first casing 100 may be a first radiation port 101 corresponding to the first radiation surface 301 of the speaker 300 and a second radiation port 102 corresponding to the second radiation surface 302 of the speaker 300, respectively, the first radiation port 101 is used for radiating sound waves towards the ear canal opening of the human body, and the second radiation port 102 is further away from the ear canal opening relative to the first radiation port 101. The waterproof structure may be disposed on the outer side of the first radiation opening 101 or the outer side of the second radiation opening 102, or both the outer sides of the first radiation opening 101 and the second radiation opening 102 may be disposed with the waterproof structure, so that the corresponding radiation openings can be effectively waterproofed, and the difference of acoustic impedance of the radiation openings on both sides can be reduced. In addition, in the open acoustic device that directly radiates sound waves to the free field space as shown in fig. 2, the back radiation port 50 may be provided with the waterproof structure described above, and also belong to an embodiment of the present invention.

The plurality of openings of the second housing 200, which are connected to the waterproof chamber 205, have a plurality of configurations, for example, the orientation of the plurality of openings is the same as the orientation of the radiation opening, or at least two different orientations are included, taking the scheme that the waterproof structure is disposed at the second radiation opening 102 as an example, if the first radiation opening 101 is also provided with the waterproof structure, refer to this example: referring to fig. 5, a plurality of openings communicating with the waterproof chamber 205, including a first opening 201 and a second opening 202 facing in the same direction as the second radiation port 102; alternatively, referring to fig. 6, a plurality of openings communicating with the waterproof chamber 205, including a first opening 201 facing the second radiation port 102 and a second opening 202 facing the second radiation port 102 perpendicularly; alternatively, referring to fig. 7 to 9, the plurality of openings communicating with the waterproof chamber 205 include a first opening 201 and a second opening 202 perpendicular to the orientation of the second radiation port 102, and the first opening 201 and the second opening 202 are oppositely oriented.

Or the openings and the radiation openings may be oriented at least at two different angles, which are arranged at acute angles, forming openings (not shown) inclined with respect to the radiation openings. The opening setting of these differences, can carry out reasonable configuration according to the concrete structure of first casing 100 and second casing 200 of acoustic equipment, no matter what kind of setting of adoption, a plurality of open-ended positions all misplace each other with the radiation mouth that corresponds, have increased a barrier, can avoid water or steam from directly dashing the radiation mouth from this.

In the above embodiment, at least one of the plurality of openings is lower than the radiation port, and under the condition of high water pressure, water can flow out from the lower opening after entering the waterproof cavity 205 from the opening, so as to play an effective drainage role and avoid entering the radiation port, referring to fig. 5 to 9, taking the scheme that the waterproof structure is disposed at the second radiation port 102 as an example, if the first radiation port 101 is also provided with the waterproof structure, referring to this example: the openings provided in the second housing 200 include a first opening 201 and a second opening 202, and when water enters the waterproof chamber 205 from the first opening 201 and the second opening 202, the water can flow out from the second opening 202, thereby preventing the water from entering the second radiation port 102. In some embodiments, a waterproof member for waterproofing may be further disposed at the second radiation port 102, and may be made of a damping material or a waterproof membrane, and due to the drainage function of the second opening 202, water enters the waterproof chamber 205 from the first opening 201 and the second opening 202 and then is drained out from the second opening 202, and the water pressure of the waterproof member is low, so that the water can be prevented from penetrating through the waterproof member and entering the interior of the first casing 100. Further, referring to fig. 8, a raised step 104 may be provided on a side of the first housing 100 facing toward the waterproof chamber 205, and the second radiation port 102 is provided on the step 104, whereby the risk of water passing through to the inside of the first housing 100 may be further reduced.

Referring to fig. 6, continuing with the case where the waterproof structure is disposed at the second radiation port 102 as an example, in some embodiments, the second opening 202 has a predetermined angle with the second radiation port 102 so as to maintain a predetermined angle α between the water flow direction and the radiation direction of the second radiation port 102, so as to reduce the impact of the water flow, and in some embodiments, the angle is configured to be 30 ° ≦ α ≦ 150 °, such as 30 °, 45 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 °, or any angle between 30 ° and 150 °, which can be suitable for most acoustic devices and effectively reduce the impact of the water flow to the second radiation port 102, thereby achieving a better waterproof effect. Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which the angle α is 90 °, which can facilitate manufacturing, and the water flow is parallel to the surface of the second radiation port 102, which can minimize the water flow from hitting the second radiation port 102 and the flashing provided thereto.

At present, some open type acoustic devices have the problems of large sound overflow and poor privacy, and because the amplitudes of sound waves radiated from the front and the back of the loudspeaker 300 are the same and the phases are opposite, the sound waves radiated from the front and the back are cancelled, so that a user cannot hear bass or the bass effect is poor (sound short circuit phenomenon), and the user requirements are difficult to meet. In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 9, a duct 105 is disposed on the first casing 100 corresponding to at least one of the radiation surfaces, the duct 105 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 106 and extends in a direction away from the accommodating cavity 106, a radiation port is disposed on a back surface of the duct 105 opposite to the accommodating cavity 106, sound waves radiated by the speaker 300 are radiated outwards from the radiation port after passing through the duct 105 due to an elongation effect of the duct 105, a distance between the two radiation ports can be increased, an acoustic short circuit phenomenon can be effectively reduced, and thus good bass can be obtained. The conduit 105 is provided with a waterproof structure, and the second housing 200 is connected to the conduit 105, so as to realize effective waterproof at the radiation port on the conduit 105, similarly to the previous embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 9, in some embodiments, the radiation openings corresponding to the two radiation surfaces respectively comprise a first radiation opening 101 and a second radiation opening 102, the first radiation opening 101 is configured to have a set distance d from the ear canal opening, the second radiation opening 102 is configured to have a set sound wave propagation distance a from the ear canal opening, and a/d ≧ 3. The first radiation port 101 or the second radiation port 102 may communicate with the inner cavity of the first housing 100 through a conduit 105. It can be understood that, according to the characteristics that the sound wave propagation distance is doubled and the amplitude is attenuated by half, the first radiation port 101 is configured to be closer to the ear canal mouth, and the second radiation port 102 is configured to be farther from the ear canal mouth, so that when the sound wave radiated by the second radiation port 102 propagates to the ear canal mouth, the sound wave radiated by the first radiation port 101 is far smaller, thereby weakening the sound short circuit and avoiding the bass missing. Based on this principle, in order to reduce or eliminate the acoustic short circuit as much as possible, the first radiation port 101 may be as close to the ear canal opening as possible without affecting comfort and practicability, and the second radiation port 102 may be as far away from the ear canal opening as possible, so as to increase the distance difference between the two radiation ports and the ear canal (e.g. increase the value of a-d, or a/d), so that the sound wave radiated from the second radiation surface 302 of the speaker 300 to the ear canal opening through the second radiation port 102 is much lower than the sound wave radiated from the first radiation port 101 by the first radiation surface 301 of the speaker 300, so that the sound wave radiated from the first radiation surface 301 of the speaker 300 is received by the ear canal of the user mainly. Therefore, even if the distance from the first radiation port 101 to the ear canal opening is small, the sound wave propagation distance from the second radiation port 102 to the ear canal opening and the distance from the first radiation port 101 to the ear canal opening can be ensured to be large enough, so that the sound short circuit is effectively weakened or eliminated, the good bass effect is ensured, and the requirement of a user on sound quality is met. In specific implementation, the distance between the first radiation port 101 and the second radiation port 102 can be configured appropriately according to the actual application scenario.

Referring to fig. 5 to 9, in some embodiments, a second flashing 103 is provided at the second radiation opening 102, the second flashing 103 covering the second radiation opening 102. The second water proof 103 may be chosen of a material with a sufficiently low acoustic impedance, whereby the acoustic impedance of the second water proof 103 may be lower than the acoustic impedance of the first water proof 204, thereby ensuring that the impedance of the second radiation port 102 is sufficiently low, so that good bass can be obtained.

Based on the above embodiments, the first housing 100 and the second housing 200 may be formed as an integral structure, which may reduce assembly, or may be two separate structural members, which may facilitate manufacturing by assembly.

As can be seen from the above description, the acoustic device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a small wearable device, such as an open-type earphone, audio glasses, a VR device, and the like, and when the acoustic device is worn, compared with an in-ear acoustic device, the ear canal opening is worn in an open manner, which may avoid discomfort caused by long-term wearing.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. An acoustic device, comprising:

a speaker having two oppositely disposed radiating surfaces capable of radiating sound waves;

the loudspeaker comprises a first shell, a second shell and a plurality of radiating surfaces, wherein the first shell is internally provided with an accommodating cavity, the loudspeaker is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the first shell is respectively provided with radiating ports corresponding to the two radiating surfaces, and each radiating port is used for radiating sound waves emitted by the radiating surfaces of the loudspeaker to the outside of the first shell;

the waterproof structure comprises a second shell, the second shell is positioned on the outer side of at least one radiation port and connected to the first shell, a waterproof cavity is formed on the outer side of the radiation port by the second shell and the first shell, a plurality of openings communicated with the waterproof cavity are formed in the second shell, and the openings are used for radiating sound waves to the outside of the second shell; each opening and the radiation opening are arranged in a staggered mode.

2. The acoustic device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of openings is lower than the radiation port.

3. The acoustic apparatus of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the openings are oriented in correspondence with an orientation of the radiation port.

4. The acoustic apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of openings includes at least two differently oriented openings.

5. The acoustic device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of openings comprises a first opening coinciding with the orientation of the radiation opening and a second opening perpendicular to the orientation of the radiation opening.

6. The acoustic device of claim 4, wherein the plurality of openings includes a first opening and a second opening that are perpendicular to an orientation of the radiation port, and the first opening and the second opening are oppositely oriented.

7. The acoustic device of claim 1, wherein each of the openings is provided with a first water shield that covers the opening.

8. The acoustic device according to claim 7, wherein a second water shield is provided at the radiation port, the second water shield covering the radiation port, the second water shield having an acoustic impedance lower than that of the first water shield.

9. The acoustic device of claim 1, wherein the radiation openings of the two radiation surfaces respectively comprise a first radiation opening and a second radiation opening, the first radiation opening is configured to have a set distance d from the ear canal opening, the second radiation opening is configured to have a set sound wave propagation distance a from the ear canal opening, and a/d is greater than or equal to 3.

10. The acoustic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a duct is provided on the first casing in correspondence with at least one of the radiation surfaces, the duct communicating with the accommodation chamber and extending in a direction away from the accommodation chamber, a rear surface of the duct with respect to the accommodation chamber being provided with the radiation port.