CN114640252A - Hybrid three-level flying capacitor booster circuit - Google Patents
Hybrid three-level flying capacitor booster circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN114640252A CN114640252A CN202210297267.6A CN202210297267A CN114640252A CN 114640252 A CN114640252 A CN 114640252A CN 202210297267 A CN202210297267 A CN 202210297267A CN 114640252 A CN114640252 A CN 114640252A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
Abstract
The invention provides a hybrid three-level flying capacitor booster circuit, which belongs to the technical field of boosting and comprises: the voltage regulator group is connected between the positive output terminal and a first input end; a switch device group connected between the first input terminal and the negative output terminal; the voltage-sharing branch comprises a first voltage-sharing branch and is connected between a third connection node of the switch device group and a voltage-sharing node of the bus capacitor voltage-sharing branch; the second voltage-sharing branch is connected between the first connecting node of the voltage stabilizer group and the voltage dividing node; and the charging and discharging branch circuit is connected between the second connecting node of the voltage stabilizer group and the fourth connecting node of the switch device group. Has the advantages that: the flying capacitor can be safely charged in a dynamic establishment process when the flying capacitor is charged, and a switching element and a diode can be effectively protected in the charging process to prevent the switching element and the diode from being broken down by overvoltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boosting, in particular to a hybrid three-level flying capacitor boosting circuit.
Background
The Boost circuit is a switch direct current Boost circuit, which can make the output voltage higher than the input voltage, namely, the circuit realizes inputting a voltage and outputting a higher voltage, thereby realizing power conversion. A so-called multilevel boost circuit capable of realizing an input of three levels or more is generally known. With the increasing power and voltage grades of the DC-DC converter, under the same input condition, the multi-level booster circuit can output higher-grade voltage by using devices with smaller voltage-withstanding grade, so that the voltage stress of the power devices is reduced, and the circuit is more and more widely applied to the fields of electric automobiles, rail transit, photovoltaics, wind power and the like.
Compared with the traditional two-level booster circuit, the multi-level booster circuit can realize medium-voltage high-power output by using devices with lower cost, and breaks through the limitations of the cost, the volume, the weight and the like. However, the multi-level circuit is more complex than the conventional two-level circuit, and if the flying capacitor voltage of the multi-level boost circuit is 0, the switching element and the diode need to bear the whole bus voltage, which may cause the switching element and the diode to be broken down by the overvoltage, which makes the multi-level flying capacitor boost circuit more difficult to develop and produce.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a hybrid three-level flying capacitor booster circuit.
The technical problem solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a hybrid three-level flying capacitor voltage booster circuit comprises a bus capacitor voltage dividing branch circuit connected between a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, and a voltage conversion and voltage equalizing circuit, wherein the voltage conversion and voltage equalizing circuit comprises:
the voltage regulator group comprises a plurality of diodes which are sequentially connected in series and is connected between the positive output terminal and a first input end;
a switching device group including a plurality of switching elements connected in series in sequence, connected between the first input terminal and the negative output terminal;
the voltage-sharing branch comprises a first voltage-sharing branch and is connected between a third connecting node of the switch device group and a voltage-sharing node of the bus capacitor voltage-sharing branch; the second voltage-sharing branch is connected between the first connecting node of the voltage-sharing component group and the voltage-dividing node;
and the charging and discharging branch circuit is connected between the second connecting node of the voltage stabilizer group and the fourth connecting node of the switch device group.
Preferably, the switching device group includes:
a first switching element having a drain connected to the first input terminal and a source connected to the third connection node;
a second switching element having a drain connected to the third connection node and a source connected to the fourth connection node;
a third switching element having a drain connected to the fourth connection node and a source connected to the negative output terminal.
Preferably, the switching states of the second switching element and the third switching element are the same.
Preferably, the voltage regulator group includes:
the anode of the first diode is connected with the first input end, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first connecting node;
a second diode having an anode connected to the first connection node and a cathode connected to the second connection node;
and a third diode having an anode connected to the second connection node and a cathode connected to the positive output terminal.
Preferably, the voltage-sharing branch comprises diodes connected in anti-series.
Preferably, the pressure equalizing branch comprises:
a fourth diode, an anode of which is connected to the third connection node, and a cathode of which is connected to the voltage division node;
and the anode of the fifth diode is connected with the voltage division node, and the cathode of the fifth diode is connected with the first connection node.
Preferably, the charge and discharge branch includes: and the positive end of the flying capacitor is connected with the second connecting node, and the negative end of the flying capacitor is connected with the fourth connecting node.
Preferably, the circuit includes a forward charging process and a reverse charging process, and the third switching element and the third diode are turned off during the forward charging process and the reverse charging process.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a second input terminal connected to the first connection node, and a third input terminal connected to the third connection node.
The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages or beneficial effects that:
the flying capacitor can be safely charged in a dynamic establishment process when the flying capacitor is charged, and a switching element and a diode can be effectively protected in the charging process to prevent the switching element and the diode from being broken down by overvoltage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid three-level boost circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the current flow path during forward charging according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the current flow path during reverse charging according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the above problems in the prior art, there is provided a hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit, which belongs to the field of boost technology, and as shown in fig. 1, includes a Bus capacitor voltage dividing branch connected between a positive output terminal Bus + and a negative output terminal Bus-, and a voltage converting and equalizing circuit, wherein the voltage converting and equalizing circuit includes:
a voltage regulator group, including a plurality of diodes connected in series in turn, connected between the positive output terminal Bus + and a first input terminal V1;
the switch device group comprises a plurality of switch elements which are sequentially connected in series and is connected between the first input end V1 and the negative output terminal Bus-;
the voltage-sharing branch comprises a first voltage-sharing branch and is connected between a third connecting node of the switch device group and a voltage-sharing node of the bus capacitor voltage-sharing branch; the second voltage-sharing branch is connected between the first connecting node and the voltage-dividing node of the voltage stabilizer group;
and the charging and discharging branch circuit is connected between the second connecting node of the voltage stabilizer group and the fourth connecting node of the switch device group.
Specifically, the hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the bus capacitor voltage division branch circuit and the voltage conversion and voltage-sharing circuit. The bus capacitor voltage-dividing branch circuit comprises a plurality of bus capacitors connected in series in sequence, the bus capacitors are preferably arranged, and in the embodiment, the bus capacitors comprise two bus capacitors, namely a first bus capacitor Cbus + and a second bus capacitor Cbus-, and a common endpoint is arranged between the first bus capacitor Cbus + and the second bus capacitor Cbus-.
In a voltage conversion and equalization circuit, comprising: a voltage stabilizer group consisting of a plurality of forward series-connected diodes is arranged between the first input end V1 and the positive output terminal Bus +, and a switch device group consisting of a plurality of series-connected switch elements is arranged between the first input end V1 and the negative output terminal Bus-; the voltage regulator group at least comprises two connecting nodes, namely a first connecting node and a second connecting node, at least one diode is arranged between the first connecting node and the first input end, and the first connecting node and the second connecting node also at least comprise one diode; the switch device group also comprises at least two connection nodes, namely a third connection node and a fourth connection node, the third connection node and the first input end at least comprise one switch element, and the third connection node and the fourth connection node also at least comprise one switch element.
The charging and discharging branch circuit is connected between the second connection node and the fourth connection node in parallel. Furthermore, the positive end of the charge-discharge branch circuit is connected with the second connection node, the negative end of the charge-discharge branch circuit is connected with the fourth connection node, and the charge-discharge branch circuit takes the flying capacitor as the charge capacitor.
Voltage-sharing branch road parallel connection is between first connected node and third connected node, and is further, the voltage-sharing branch road includes: first voltage-sharing branch road and second voltage-sharing branch road, the third connected node is connected to the positive end of first voltage-sharing branch road, and the public end point department between first bus electric capacity Cbus + and the second bus electric capacity Cbus-is connected to the negative end of first voltage-sharing branch road, and the public end point department between first bus electric capacity Cbus + and the second bus electric capacity Cbus-is connected to the positive end of second voltage-sharing branch road, and first connected node is connected to the negative end of second voltage-sharing branch road.
Further, the circuit of the present invention comprises a forward charging process and a reverse charging process, as shown in fig. 2, wherein during the forward charging process, the current flows to the charging and discharging branch through the diode between the first input terminal V1 and the second connection node, then flows to the first voltage equalizing branch through the switching element between the fourth connection node and the third connection node, and finally flows to the negative output terminal Bus-through the second Bus capacitor Cbus-.
As shown in fig. 3, during the reverse charging, the current is output from the positive output terminal Bus + to the first Bus capacitor Cbus +, passes through the second voltage equalizing branch, flows to the charging and discharging branch through the diode between the first connection node and the second connection node, and finally flows to the first input terminal V1 through the switching element between the fourth connection node and the first input terminal V1. The flying capacitor Cf is in a dynamic establishment process when the flying capacitor Cf is at an upper voltage, the flying capacitor can be safely charged, the voltage at two ends of the flying capacitor Cf is always ensured to be equal to 0.5 × Vbus, the Vbus is the voltage between a positive output terminal Bus + and a negative output terminal Bus-, and a switching element and a diode can be effectively protected in the forward charging and reverse charging processes, so that the switching element and the diode are prevented from being broken down by overvoltage.
As a preferred embodiment, among others, the switching device group includes:
a first switching element T1, a drain of the first switching element T1 being connected to the first input terminal, a source of the first switching element T1 being connected to the third connection node;
a second switching element T2, a drain of the second switching element T2 being connected to the source of the first switching element T1, i.e., the third connection node, and a source of the second switching element T2 being connected to the fourth connection node;
a drain of the third switching element T3 is connected to the source of the second switching element T2, i.e., a fourth connection node, and a source of the third switching element T3 is connected to the negative output terminal.
Specifically, the switching element of the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of switching elements, and preferably, in this embodiment, the switching element group includes three switching elements in total, that is, a first switching element T1, a second switching element T2, and a third switching element T3, and the first switching element T1, the second switching element T2, and the third switching element T3 are sequentially connected in series.
Further, each of the switching elements is formed by connecting 1 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and a diode element in parallel, and gates of the edge Gate Bipolar transistors are respectively connected to a Gate control signal for controlling on/off states of the switching elements.
In a preferred embodiment, the switching states of the second switching element T2 and the third switching element T3 are the same.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the second switching element T2 and the third switching element T3 are turned on and off simultaneously, and if the second switching element T2 is in a conducting state, the third switching element T3 is also turned on; when the second switching element T2 is turned off, the third switching element T3 is also in an off state.
As a preferred embodiment, among others, the group of voltage regulators includes:
a first diode D1, wherein the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the first input end, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the first connecting node;
a second diode D2, wherein the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, i.e. the first connection node, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second connection node;
the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, i.e., the second connection node, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the positive output terminal, 3.
Specifically, the diode according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of diodes, and preferably, in this embodiment, the voltage regulator group includes three diodes in total, that is, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a third diode D3, and the first diode D1, the second diode D2, and the third diode D3 are sequentially connected in series in the forward direction.
Further, during the forward charging process and the reverse charging process, the third switching element T3 and the third diode D3 are both in an off state, and after the voltage across the flying capacitor Cf is equal to 0.5 × Vbus, that is, the voltage across the flying capacitor Cf is completely built, at this time, the third diode D3 is turned on, the third switching element T3 is also turned on, and the third switching element T3 and the third diode D3 start to operate.
As a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
a second input terminal V2 connected to the first connection node, i.e., the junction of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2;
a third input V2 is connected to a third connection node, i.e. the connection of the first switching element T1 and the second switching element T2.
As a preferred embodiment, wherein the voltage grading branch comprises diodes connected in anti-series.
As a preferred embodiment, wherein, the pressure equalizing branch comprises:
a fourth diode Df1, wherein an anode of the fourth diode Df1 is connected to the third connection node, i.e., the connection point of the first switching element T1 and the second switching element T2, and a cathode of the fourth diode Df1 is connected to the voltage dividing node, i.e., the connection point of the two bus capacitors of the bus capacitor voltage dividing branch;
the anode of the fifth diode Df2, the fifth diode Df2 is connected to the voltage dividing node, and the cathode of the fifth diode Df2 is connected to the first connection node, i.e., the connection point of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2.
Further, the diode connected in reverse series includes: a fourth diode Df1 and a fifth diode Df2, wherein the fourth diode Df1 is used as a first voltage equalizing branch, the fifth diode Df2 is used as a second voltage equalizing branch, the positive terminal of the fourth diode Df1 is connected to the junction of the second switch element T2 and the third switch element T3, and the negative terminal of the fourth diode Df1 is connected between the junction of the first bus capacitor Cbus + and the second bus capacitor Cbus-; the positive terminal of the fifth diode Df2 is connected between the junction of the first bus capacitor Cbus + and the second bus capacitor Cbus-, and the negative terminal of the fifth diode Df2 is connected between the junction of the second diode D2 and the third diode D3.
Further, a plurality of the fourth diodes Df1 may be provided, and a plurality of the fourth diodes Df1 may be connected in series in the forward direction; the fifth diode Df2 may be provided in plural, and the plural fifth diodes Df2 may be connected in series in the forward direction.
As a preferred embodiment, wherein the charge and discharge branch comprises: and a flying capacitor Cf, wherein the positive end of the flying capacitor Cf is connected with the second connection node, namely the connection position of the second diode D2 and the third diode D3, and the negative end of the flying capacitor Cf is connected with the fourth connection node, namely the connection position of the second switching element T2 and the third switching element T3.
In a preferred embodiment, the circuit includes a forward charging process and a reverse charging process, and the third switching element T3 and the third diode D3 are turned off during the forward charging process and the reverse charging process.
Further, in the circuit of the embodiment of the present invention, during the forward charging process, as shown in fig. 2, the current flows from the first input terminal V1 → the first diode D1 → the second diode D2 → the flying capacitor Cf → the second switching element T2 → the fourth diode Df1 → the second Bus capacitor Cbus-, and finally to the negative output terminal Bus-.
During reverse charging, as shown in fig. 3, current flows from the positive output terminal Bus + → first Bus capacitor Cbus + → fifth diode Df2 → second diode D2 → flying capacitor Cf → second switching element T2 → first switching element T1, and finally to the first input terminal V1.
The invention also provides a hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost converter, which comprises the hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit.
Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme to have following advantage or beneficial effect: the flying capacitor can be safely charged in a dynamic establishment process when the flying capacitor is charged with voltage, and a switching element and a diode can be effectively protected in the charging process to prevent the flying capacitor from being broken down by overvoltage.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit, comprising a bus capacitor voltage dividing branch connected between a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, a voltage conversion and voltage equalization circuit, said voltage conversion and voltage equalization circuit comprising:
the voltage regulator group comprises a plurality of diodes which are sequentially connected in series and is connected between the positive output terminal and a first input end;
a switching device group including a plurality of switching elements connected in series in sequence, connected between the first input terminal and the negative output terminal;
the voltage-sharing branch comprises a first voltage-sharing branch and is connected between a third connecting node of the switch device group and a voltage-sharing node of the bus capacitor voltage-sharing branch; the second voltage-sharing branch is connected between the first connecting node of the voltage stabilizer group and the voltage dividing node;
and the charging and discharging branch circuit is connected between the second connecting node of the voltage stabilizer group and the fourth connecting node of the switch device group.
2. The hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit of claim 1, wherein said set of switching devices comprises:
a first switching element having a drain connected to the first input terminal and a source connected to the third connection node;
a second switching element having a drain connected to the third connection node and a source connected to the fourth connection node;
a third switching element having a drain connected to the fourth connection node and a source connected to the negative output terminal.
3. The hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit of claim 2, wherein the switching states of said second switching element and said third switching element are the same.
4. The hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit of claim 2, wherein said set of voltage regulators comprises:
a first diode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected with the first input end, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first connecting node;
a second diode having an anode connected to the first connection node and a cathode connected to the second connection node;
and a third diode having an anode connected to the second connection node and a cathode connected to the positive output terminal.
5. The hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit of claim 1, wherein said voltage grading branch comprises an anti-series connected diode.
6. The hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit of claim 1, wherein said voltage grading branch comprises:
a fourth diode, an anode of which is connected to the third connection node, and a cathode of which is connected to the voltage division node;
and the anode of the fifth diode is connected with the voltage division node, and the cathode of the fifth diode is connected with the first connection node.
7. The hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit of claim 1, wherein said charge-discharge branch comprises: and the positive end of the flying capacitor is connected with the second connecting node, and the negative end of the flying capacitor is connected with the fourth connecting node.
8. The hybrid three-level flying capacitor voltage boost circuit of claim 3, wherein said circuit comprises a forward charging process and a reverse charging process, and said third switching element and said third diode are turned off during said forward charging process and said reverse charging process.
9. The hybrid three-level flying capacitor boost circuit of claim 1, further comprising: a second input terminal connected to the first connection node, and a third input terminal connected to the third connection node.
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| CN202210297267.6A CN114640252B (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Hybrid three-level flying capacitor booster circuit |
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| CN202210297267.6A CN114640252B (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Hybrid three-level flying capacitor booster circuit |
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| CN114640252B (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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