CN114640243A - DC conversion circuit and DC conversion system - Google Patents

DC conversion circuit and DC conversion system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114640243A
CN114640243A CN202210320441.4A CN202210320441A CN114640243A CN 114640243 A CN114640243 A CN 114640243A CN 202210320441 A CN202210320441 A CN 202210320441A CN 114640243 A CN114640243 A CN 114640243A
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China
Prior art keywords
switch
phase state
capacitor
inductor
conversion circuit
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CN202210320441.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114640243B (en
Inventor
胡琛
姜一帆
姜俊敏
刘寻
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct current conversion circuit and a direct current conversion system, wherein the direct current conversion circuit comprises: the switch group is used for controlling the direct current conversion circuit to be switched into a first phase state or a second phase state; the first inductor is used for generating a first electric signal according to the first phase state and the initial voltage and is also used for charging according to the second phase state and the initial voltage; the second inductor is used for charging according to the first phase state and the initial voltage and is also used for generating a second electric signal according to the second phase state and the initial voltage; the capacitor bank is used for generating a gain electric signal according to the second phase state and the second electric signal and also used for generating a charging electric signal according to the first phase state and the gain electric signal; the load group is used for generating a first sub-target voltage according to the first phase state and the charging electric signal; and the second sub-target voltage is generated according to the second phase state and the first sub-target voltage. The direct current conversion circuit can meet different voltage conversion gain requirements.

Description

DC conversion circuit and DC conversion system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of dc conversion technologies, and in particular, to a dc conversion circuit and a dc conversion system.
Background
Conventionally, a conversion gain for a dc voltage can be realized by a circuit such as an inductor circuit or a transformer circuit provided in a dc converter.
However, in the related art, the voltage conversion gain of the dc converter is limited, and it is difficult to meet the increasing industrial demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a dc conversion circuit and a dc conversion system, which can realize higher voltage conversion gain to meet different voltage conversion gain requirements.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a dc conversion circuit, where the dc conversion circuit is configured to be connected to an external power supply, the dc conversion circuit is configured to generate a target voltage according to an initial voltage provided by the external power supply, and the dc conversion circuit includes: the switch group is used for controlling the direct current conversion circuit to be switched into a first phase state or a second phase state; the first phase state and the second phase state are two working states which are alternately arranged; the first inductor is respectively connected with the external power supply and the switch group, the first inductor is used for generating a first electric signal according to the first phase state and the initial voltage, and the first inductor is also used for charging according to the second phase state and the initial voltage; wherein the first phase state is used to characterize the first inductor as a discharge state; the second inductor is respectively connected with the external power supply and the switch group, and is used for charging according to the first phase state and the initial voltage and generating a second electric signal according to the second phase state and the initial voltage; the second phase state is used for representing that the second inductor is in a discharge state; the capacitor bank is respectively connected with the first inductor, the second inductor and the switch bank, and is used for generating a gain electric signal according to the second phase state and the second electric signal and generating a charging electric signal according to the first phase state, the first electric signal and the gain electric signal; one end of the load group is connected with the switch group, and the other end of the load group is grounded; the load group is used for generating a first sub-target voltage according to the first phase state and the charging electric signal; the load group is further used for generating a second sub-target voltage according to the second phase state and the first sub-target voltage.
In this embodiment, the switch block controls the dc conversion circuit to switch to the first phase state or the second phase state, so as to control the first inductor and the second inductor to respectively charge and discharge the capacitor block, so that the capacitor block generates a charging electrical signal according to the initial voltage. The load group is charged according to the charging electric signal and the first phase state and generates a first sub-target voltage, and the load group is also used for generating a second sub-target voltage according to the first sub-target voltage and the second phase state. The output end of the direct current conversion circuit is used for outputting the first sub-target voltage and the second sub-target voltage, so that the gain of the initial voltage is realized. The direct current conversion circuit of the embodiment can realize higher voltage conversion gain by combining the switch group, the capacitor group, the first inductor and the second inductor, and has a simple circuit structure and easy control. In addition, because direct current conversion circuit mainly carries out gain amplification to initial voltage through the electric capacity group, and first inductance and second inductance only are used for charging and discharging the electric capacity group, therefore current ripple rate is fixed time, only needs less first inductance and second inductance can accomplish the voltage conversion gain of equal power, has reduced the volume requirement to first inductance and second inductance to direct current conversion circuit's whole volume has been reduced. In addition, as the capacitor bank 140 bears a large voltage drop in the gain process of the initial voltage, the requirement on the withstand voltage of the switch bank 110 is reduced, and the requirement on the pulse width of the dc conversion 100 at the same operating frequency is also reduced.
In some embodiments, the switch bank comprises: the first switch module is respectively connected with the first inductor and the capacitor bank; the second switch module is respectively connected with the second inductor and the capacitor bank; the direct current conversion circuit is used for switching to the first phase state when the first switch module is switched on and the second switch module is switched off; the direct current conversion circuit is further configured to switch to the second phase state when the first switch module is turned off and the second switch module is turned on.
In some embodiments, the first switch module comprises: the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch; the second switch module includes: a sixth switch, a seventh switch, an eighth switch, a ninth switch, and a tenth switch; one end of the first switch is connected to the load group, the other end of the first switch is connected to one end of the sixth switch, one end of the second switch is connected to the other end of the sixth switch, one end of the seventh switch is connected to the other end of the second switch, one end of the third switch is connected to the other end of the seventh switch, one end of the eighth switch is connected to the other end of the third switch, one end of the fourth switch is connected to one end of the third switch, one end of the ninth switch is connected to the other end of the fourth switch, one end of the fifth switch is connected to the other end of the ninth switch, the other end of the fifth switch is grounded, and one end of the tenth switch is grounded; the capacitor bank includes: the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor and the fifth capacitor; one end of the first capacitor is connected with the first inductor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the other end of the first switch; one end of the second capacitor is connected with the other end of the sixth switch, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with one end of the fifth switch; one end of the third capacitor is connected with the other end of the second switch, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the other end of the third switch; one end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the other end of the seventh switch, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the other end of the ninth switch; one end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the other end of the fourth switch, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the other end of the tenth switch; wherein the first switch to the tenth switch are any one of MOS transistors or bipolar junction transistors.
In some embodiments, the second switch module further comprises: an eleventh switch, one end of which is connected to the other end of the fourth switch; the first switch module further comprises: a twelfth switch, one end of which is connected to the other end of the eleventh switch, and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the tenth switch; the capacitor bank further includes: one end of the sixth capacitor is connected with the other end of the eleventh switch, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected with one end of the fifth switch; wherein the eleventh switch and the twelfth switch are any one of MOS transistors or bipolar junction transistors.
In some embodiments, the second switch module further comprises: a thirteenth switch, one end of which is connected to the load group, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the first switch; the capacitor bank further includes: one end of the seventh capacitor is connected with one end of the first switch, and the other end of the seventh capacitor is connected with one end of the ninth switch; wherein, the thirteenth switch is any one of a MOS transistor or a bipolar junction transistor.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a dc conversion system, including: a direct current conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the control module is connected with the switch group and used for controlling the switch group to switch so that the direct current conversion circuit is switched to the first phase state or the second phase state.
In some embodiments, the control module is further configured to control the switch set to switch so that the dc conversion circuit is switched to a third phase state; the first inductor is further configured to be charged according to the third phase state, and the second inductor is further configured to be charged according to the third phase state; the third phase state is used for representing that the first inductor is in a charging state, and the second inductor is in a charging state; the load group is further used for generating a third sub-target voltage according to the third phase state and the second sub-target voltage.
In some embodiments, the switch group comprises a first switch module and a second switch module, and the control module is respectively connected with the first switch module and the second switch module; the control module is further configured to generate a first control electrical signal, the first switch module is configured to be turned on according to the first control electrical signal, and the second switch module is configured to be turned off according to the first control electrical signal; the control module is further configured to generate a second control electrical signal, the first switch module is configured to be turned off according to the second control electrical signal, and the second switch module is configured to be turned on according to the second control electrical signal.
In some embodiments, the control module further comprises: and the timing unit is used for being connected with the switch group and setting the first conduction time of the first switch module and the second conduction time of the second switch module.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dc conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a duty cycle of the DC converter circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a DC converter circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of another circuit structure of the dc conversion circuit according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a simulation result of the DC converter circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc conversion circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another circuit structure of the dc conversion circuit according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another frame of the dc conversion circuit according to the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals: the direct current conversion circuit 100, the switch group 110, the first inductor 120, the second inductor 130, the capacitor group 140, the load group 150, the first switch module 111, the second switch module 112, the external power supply 200, and the control module 300.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, and the above, below, exceeding, etc. are understood as excluding the present numbers, and the above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the present numbers. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The dc conversion circuit can convert an input dc voltage (i.e., an initial voltage) into a dc voltage having a certain gain (i.e., a target voltage). The dc conversion circuit in the related art is mainly composed of an inductor, a diode, and a switch, and different voltage conversion ratios can be realized by controlling the duty ratio of the dc conversion circuit. Currently, with the development of technology, there is a higher requirement for the voltage conversion ratio of the dc conversion circuit. However, in the related art, the duty ratio of the dc conversion circuit needs to be adjusted to a very small value, that is, the operating frequency of the dc conversion circuit is high, so as to obtain a high voltage conversion ratio. In addition, the voltage conversion ratio of the dc conversion circuit in the related art is also determined by the circuit topology thereof, and therefore, flexible adjustment is not possible, and the size of the inductor coil in the related dc conversion circuit is large, which is not suitable for a small or micro device.
Therefore, the application provides a direct current conversion circuit and a direct current conversion system, which can convert gain to the initial voltage through a simple direct current conversion circuit, flexibly adjust the structure of the direct current conversion circuit to meet different voltage conversion gain requirements, reduce the overall volume of the direct current conversion circuit and easily realize the miniaturization of the direct current conversion system.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 2, in a first aspect, the present application provides a dc conversion circuit 100, the dc conversion circuit 100 is configured to be connected to an external power source 200, the dc conversion circuit 100 is configured to generate a target voltage according to an initial voltage provided by the external power source 200, and the dc conversion circuit 100 includes: the switch group 110, the switch group 110 is used for controlling the dc conversion circuit 100 to switch to the first phase state or the second phase state; the first phase state and the second phase state are two working states which are alternately arranged; the first inductor 120 is connected with the external power supply 200 and the switch group 110, the first inductor 120 is used for generating a first electric signal according to a first phase state and an initial voltage, and the first inductor 120 is further used for charging according to a second phase state and the initial voltage; wherein, the first phase state is used to represent that the first inductor 120 is in a discharging state; the second inductor 130 is connected to the external power supply 200 and the switch block 110, the second inductor 130 is used for charging according to the first phase state and the initial voltage, and the second inductor 130 is further used for generating a second electrical signal according to the second phase state and the initial voltage; the second phase state is used to represent that the second inductor 130 is in a discharge state; the capacitor bank 140, the capacitor bank 140 is respectively connected to the first inductor 120, the second inductor 130, and the switch bank 110, the capacitor bank 140 is configured to generate a gain electrical signal according to the second phase state and the second electrical signal, and the capacitor bank 140 is configured to generate a charging electrical signal according to the first phase state, the first electrical signal, and the gain electrical signal; a load group 150, one end of the load group 150 is connected with the switch group 110, and the other end of the load group 150 is grounded; the load group 150 is configured to generate a first sub-target voltage according to the first phase state and the charging electrical signal; the load group 150 is further configured to generate a second sub-target voltage based on the second phase state, the first sub-target voltage.
It is understood that the dc conversion circuit 100 is connected to the external power source 200. The external power supply 200 is configured to provide an initial voltage to the dc conversion circuit 100, and the dc conversion circuit 100 performs gain conversion on the initial voltage to obtain a target voltage. The initial voltage and the target voltage are both direct current voltages, and the amplitudes of the initial voltage and the target voltage are different. As is apparent from the above description, by adjusting the duty ratio of the dc conversion circuit 100, different voltage conversion ratios can be realized for the input initial voltage, and target voltages having different conversion gains can be obtained. The dc conversion circuit 100 according to the embodiment of the present application controls and adjusts the duty ratio thereof through the switch group 110, so as to convert the initial voltage to obtain the target voltage with a corresponding size.
It is understood that the switch set 110 can control the dc conversion circuit 100 to switch to the first phase state D1 or the second phase state D2. As shown in fig. 2, the first phase state D1 and the second phase state D2 are alternately arranged, and the first phase state D1 and the second phase state D2 form a duty cycle T of the dc conversion circuit 100. Since the dc conversion circuit 100 has different circuit topologies in the first phase state D1 and the second phase state D2, the electric signal generated according to the initial voltage has different flow directions when passing through the dc conversion circuit 100 in the first phase state D1 and the second phase state D2.
Specifically, the dc conversion circuit 100 of the present embodiment includes a first inductor 120, a second inductor 130, a capacitor bank 140, a switch bank 110, and a load bank 150. The first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130 are respectively connected to the external power source 200, and the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130 are configured to receive an initial voltage provided by the external power source 200. When the switch group 110 controls the dc conversion circuit 100 to switch from the second phase state D2 to the first phase state D1, the first inductor 120 receives the initial voltage and generates a first electrical signal, and the first electrical signal is output to the capacitor group 140, that is, the first inductor 120 is in a discharging state; and the second inductor 130 is charged according to the initial voltage in the first phase state D1. When the switch group 110 controls the dc conversion circuit 100 to switch from the first phase state D1 to the second phase state D2, the second inductor 130 receives the initial voltage and generates a second electrical signal, that is, the second inductor 130 is in a discharging state; and the first inductor 120 is charged according to the initial voltage in the second phase state D2.
It can be understood from the above description that, when the switch group 110 controls the dc conversion circuit 100 to switch to different operation states (the first phase state D1 or the second phase state D2), the topology of the dc conversion circuit 100 changes, and the connection relationship inside the capacitor group 140 also changes. Specifically, the capacitor bank 140 is connected to the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130, the capacitor bank 140 is further configured to be connected to one end of the load bank 150, one end of the load bank 150 is further connected to an output end of the dc-dc converter circuit 100, and the output end of the dc-dc converter circuit 100 is configured to output the target voltage.
Specifically, when the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched to the second phase state D2, the capacitor bank 140 is disconnected from the load bank 150, the second electrical signal generated by the second inductor 130 is output to the capacitor bank 140, and the capacitor bank 140 performs the first charging and discharging operation according to the second electrical signal to obtain the gain electrical signal.
Specifically, when the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched from the second phase state D2 to the first phase state D1, the capacitor bank 140 is connected to the load bank 150, the first electrical signal generated by the first inductor 120 is output to the capacitor bank 140, and the capacitor bank 140 performs the second charging and discharging operation according to the gain electrical signal and the first electrical signal to obtain the charging electrical signal. The load group 150 is charged according to the charging electric signal, thereby obtaining the first sub-target voltage. The first sub-target voltage is output to the electric equipment through the output terminal.
It can be understood that, when the switch group 110 controls the dc conversion circuit 100 to switch from the first phase state D1 to the second phase state D2, the load group 150 generates the second sub-target voltage according to the first sub-target voltage charged in the first phase state D1, and transmits the second sub-target voltage to the output terminal of the dc conversion circuit 100. When the input initial voltage is not changed, the first sub-target voltage and the second sub-target voltage output by the gain of the dc conversion circuit 100 of this embodiment are both equal to the preset target voltage.
In this embodiment, the switch group 110 controls the dc conversion circuit 100 to switch to the first phase state D1 or the second phase state D2, so as to control the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130 to respectively charge and discharge the capacitor group 140, so that the capacitor group 140 generates a charging electrical signal according to the initial voltage. The load group 150 is charged according to the charging electrical signal and the first phase state D1 to generate a first sub-target voltage, and the load group 150 is further configured to generate a second sub-target voltage according to the first sub-target voltage and the second phase state D2. The output terminal of the dc conversion circuit 100 is used to output the first sub-target voltage and the second sub-target voltage, so as to realize the gain of the initial voltage. The dc conversion circuit 100 of the present embodiment can realize a high voltage conversion gain by combining the switch group 110, the capacitor group 140, the first inductor 120, and the second inductor 130, and has a simple circuit structure and is easy to control. In addition, since the dc conversion circuit 100 mainly performs gain amplification on the initial voltage through the capacitor bank 140, and the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130 are only used for charging and discharging the capacitor bank 140, when the current ripple rate is fixed, the voltage conversion gain with the same power can be completed only by the smaller first inductor 120 and the smaller second inductor 130, the volume requirement on the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130 is reduced, and the overall volume of the dc conversion circuit 100 is reduced. In addition, as the capacitor bank 140 bears a large voltage drop in the gain process of the initial voltage, the requirement on the withstand voltage of the switch bank 110 is reduced, and the requirement on the pulse width of the dc conversion 100 at the same operating frequency is also reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the switch set 110 includes: the first switch module 111, the first switch module 111 is respectively connected with the first inductor 120 and the capacitor bank 140; the second switch module 112, the second switch module 112 is respectively connected with the second inductor 130 and the capacitor bank 140; the dc-dc converter circuit 100 is configured to switch to a first phase state when the first switch module 111 is turned on and the second switch module 112 is turned off; the dc conversion circuit 100 is further configured to switch to the second phase state when the first switch module 111 is turned off and the second switch module 112 is turned on.
It is understood that the first switch module 111 and the second switch module 112 are respectively connected to the capacitor bank 140, the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130. When the first switch module 111 is turned on and the second switch module 112 is turned off, the dc-dc conversion circuit 100 is switched to the first phase state; when the first switch module 111 is turned off and the second switch module 112 is turned on, the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched to the first phase state. The dc conversion circuit 100 of this embodiment changes the topology of the dc conversion circuit 100 by controlling the conduction states of the first switch module 111 and the second switch module 112, so that the dc conversion circuit 100 operates in different operating states.
Referring to fig. 4 to 5, in some embodiments, the first switch module 111 includes: a first switch M1, a second switch M2, a third switch M3, a fourth switch M4, a fifth switch M5; the second switch module 112 includes: a sixth switch M6, a seventh switch M7, an eighth switch M8, a ninth switch M9, a tenth switch M10; one end of a first switch M1 is connected with an input end, the other end of the first switch M1 is connected with one end of a sixth switch M6, one end of the second switch M2 is connected with the other end of a sixth switch M6, one end of a seventh switch M7 is connected with the other end of the second switch M2, one end of a third switch M3 is connected with the other end of the seventh switch M7, one end of an eighth switch M8 is connected with the other end of the third switch M3, one end of a fourth switch M4 is connected with one end of a third switch M3, one end of a ninth switch M9 is connected with the other end of the fourth switch M4, one end of a fifth switch M5 is connected with the other end of the ninth switch M9, the other end of the fifth switch M5 is grounded, and one end of a tenth switch M10 is grounded; the capacitor bank 140 includes: one end of a first capacitor C1, one end of a first capacitor C1 is connected to the first inductor 120, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the first switch M1; one end of a second capacitor C2, one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the other end of the sixth switch M6, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with one end of the fifth switch M5; one end of a third capacitor C3, one end of a third capacitor C3 is connected to the other end of the second switch M2, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the other end of the third switch M3; one end of a fourth capacitor C4, one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the seventh switch M7, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the ninth switch M9; and one end of a fifth capacitor C5, one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the other end of the fourth switch M4, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the other end of the tenth switch M10.
It can be understood that, when the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched to the first phase state, the second inductor 130 charges and stores energy according to the initial voltage Vin. When the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched from the first phase state to the second phase state, as shown in fig. 4, the first switch M1, the second switch M2, the third switch M3, the fourth switch M4, and the fifth switch M5 of the first switch module 111 are turned off, and the sixth switch M6, the seventh switch M7, the eighth switch M8, the ninth switch M9, and the tenth switch M10 of the second switch module 112 are turned on. Since the tenth switch M10 is turned on, the first inductor 120 charges and stores energy according to the initial voltage Vin. Since the fifth switch M5 is turned off, the electric energy charged and stored in the first phase state by the second inductor 130 can be output to the capacitor bank 140. Specifically, the second inductor 130 generates a second electrical signal according to the stored electrical energy and the initial voltage Vin, and transmits the second electrical signal to the capacitor bank 140. When the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched from the second phase state to the first phase state, as shown in fig. 5, the first switch M1, the second switch M2, the third switch M3, the fourth switch M4, and the fifth switch M5 of the first switch module 111 are turned on, and the sixth switch M6, the seventh switch M7, the eighth switch M8, the ninth switch M9, and the tenth switch M10 of the second switch module 112 are turned off. Since the tenth switch M10 is turned off, the second inductor 130 stops outputting the second electrical signal and charges for storing energy according to the initial voltage Vin. Since the tenth switch M10 is turned off, the stored energy charged in the second phase state by the first inductor 120 can be output to the capacitor bank 140. Specifically, the first inductor 120 generates a first electrical signal according to the stored electrical energy and the initial voltage Vin, and transmits the first electrical signal to the capacitor bank 140.
It is understood that when the dc conversion circuit 100 is in the second phase state, the second inductor 130 generates the second electrical signal and transmits the second electrical signal to the capacitor bank 140 for the first charging and discharging operation. Specifically, the first charge and discharge operation refers to: under the action of the second electric signal, the first capacitor C1, the third capacitor C3 and the fifth capacitor C5 are charged, and the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4 are discharged, wherein the first capacitor C1 generates a gain electric signal after being charged. The current flow when the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched to the second phase state is as shown in fig. 4.
It can be understood that when the dc conversion circuit 100 is in the first phase state, the first inductor 120 generates the first electrical signal and transmits the first electrical signal to the capacitor bank 140 for the second charging and discharging operation. Specifically, the second charge and discharge operation refers to: under the action of the first electric signal, the first capacitor C1, the third capacitor C3 and the fifth capacitor C5 are discharged, and the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4 are charged. The current flow when dc converter circuit 100 switches to the first phase state is as shown in fig. 5. Specifically, when the first capacitor C1 in the second phase state is charged and the gain electric signal is obtained, the first capacitor C1 can be discharged, that is, the gain electric signal is output when the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched from the first phase state to the second phase state. When the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched to the first phase state, the capacitor bank 140 can generate the charging electric signal from the input initial voltage Vin and the first electric signal, and the gain electric signal generated by the first capacitor C1 in the second phase state.
As can be appreciated, the capacitor bank 140 is connected to the load bank 150 through the output of the dc conversion circuit 100. When the dc conversion circuit 100 is in the first phase state, the charging electrical signal generated by the capacitor bank 140 can be transmitted to the load bank 150 because the first switch M1 is turned on. The load group 150 performs charging energy storage according to the charging electrical signal, so that the voltage difference between the two ends of the load group is increased and the first sub-target voltage is generated. The output terminal of the dc conversion circuit 100 outputs the first sub-target voltage of the load group 150. In this embodiment, the load bank 150 may be the capacitor bank 140. When the dc conversion circuit 100 is in the second phase state, the capacitor bank 140, the first inductor 120, and the second inductor 130 are disconnected from the load bank 150 because the first switch M1 is turned off. At this time, the load group 150 is discharged, the first sub-target voltage is decreased to the second sub-target voltage, and the output terminal of the dc conversion circuit 100 outputs the second sub-target voltage. Under the condition that the input initial voltage Vin is not changed, the first sub-target voltage after the stable output of the direct current conversion circuit 100 is equal to the second sub-target voltage.
It is understood that the magnitude of the target voltage Vout (the first sub-target voltage or the second sub-target voltage) can be calculated by the volt-second balance principle of the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130:
specifically, since the dc conversion circuit 100 is to achieve charge balance in one duty cycle, the amount of charge flowing into and out of each capacitor (the first capacitor C1 to the fifth capacitor C5) in the capacitor bank 140 in one duty cycle is equal, and the voltages across the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130 in one duty cycle are changed to zero. Assuming that the duty cycle of the dc converter circuit 100 is T, the duration of the first phase state is D1, the duration of the second phase state is D2, the duty cycle is D, and D1 ═ D2 ═ D, and D1+ D2 ═ T, then for the first inductor 120:
VinD2＝(VC4-VC5-Vin)D1＝(Vout-VC1-Vin)D1＝(VC2-VC3-VC5-Vin)D1equation (1) for the second inductor 130:
VinD1＝(VC5-Vin)D2＝(VC3-VC4-Vin)D2＝(VC1-VC2-Vin)D2formula (2)
The following can be obtained from the above equations (1) and (2):
VC5D＝inT
VC4D＝2VinT
VC3D＝3VinT
VC2D＝5VinT
VC1D＝6VinT
VoutD＝7VinT
wherein, VC1Is the voltage across the first capacitor C1, VC2Is the voltage across the second capacitor C2, VC3Is the voltage across the third capacitor C3, VC4Is the voltage across the fourth capacitor C4, VC5Is the voltage across the fifth capacitor C5, VoutIs a target voltage, VinIs the initial voltage Vin. Finally, the following can be obtained:
Figure BDA0003571424600000101
in a specific embodiment, VinWhen D is 0.5 and 5V, the target voltage VoutIs 70V, voltage conversion ratio
Figure BDA0003571424600000102
Fig. 6 shows the result of simulation of the dc conversion circuit 100 in fig. 1 using the initial voltage and duty ratio data.
It is understood that, in the related art, to achieve the voltage conversion ratio, the duty ratio of the dc conversion circuit 100 is only 0.07, and the duty ratio in the embodiment is 0.5. Assuming that the dc conversion circuit 100 operates at a frequency of 5MHz, that is, a period is 200ns, the dc conversion circuit 100 in the related art needs a pulse with a pulse width of 14ns to control a duty ratio thereof to be 0.07, so that the structure of the dc conversion circuit 100 in the related art is complex and precise. The dc conversion circuit 100 in this embodiment can realize a high voltage conversion ratio, and only needs pulses with a pulse width of 100ns, so that the implementation is easier.
Referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, the second switch module 112 further includes: an eleventh switch M11, one end of the eleventh switch M11 being connected to the other end of the fourth switch M4; the first switch module 111 further includes: a twelfth switch M12, one end of the twelfth switch M12 being connected to the other end of the eleventh switch M11, the other end of the twelfth switch M12 being connected to the other end of the tenth switch M10; capacitor bank 140 further includes: one end of a sixth capacitor C6, one end of a sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the other end of the eleventh switch M11, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the fifth switch M5.
It can be understood that, by extending the dc conversion circuit 100 of the foregoing embodiment, that is, by connecting the sixth capacitor C6 in the capacitor bank 140 of the dc conversion circuit 100 in fig. 4 and providing the corresponding eleventh switch M11 and twelfth switch M12, the topology of the dc conversion circuit 100 can be changed, and according to the calculation principle of the voltage conversion ratio in the dc conversion circuit 100, the voltage conversion ratio of the dc conversion circuit 100 can be changed according to the change of the topology thereof. Specifically, according to the topology of the dc conversion circuit 100 in fig. 7 and the operation characteristics of the first phase state and the second phase state in the above description, the following calculation formula can be obtained.
For the first inductor 120:
VinD2＝(VC4-VC5-Vin)D1＝(Vout-VC1-Vin)D1＝(VC2-VC3-VC5-Vin)D1＝(VC6-Vin)D1formula (3)
For the second inductor 130:
VinD1＝(VC5-VC6-Vin)D2＝(VC3-VC4-VC6-Vin)D2＝(VC1-VC2-Vin)D2formula (4)
Wherein, VC6The voltage across the sixth capacitor C6 can be obtained by calculating the equations (3) and (4) as follows:
Figure BDA0003571424600000111
referring to fig. 8, in some embodiments, the second switch module 112 further includes: a thirteenth switch M13, one end of which is connected to the load group 150, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the first switch M1, of the thirteenth switch M13; capacitor bank 140 further includes: one end of a seventh capacitor C7, one end of a seventh capacitor C7 is connected to one end of the first switch M1, and the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to one end of the ninth switch M9.
It can be understood that, by extending the dc conversion circuit 100 of the foregoing embodiment, that is, by connecting the seventh capacitor C7 to the capacitor bank 140 of the dc conversion circuit 100 in fig. 4 and providing the thirteenth switch M13, the topology of the dc conversion circuit 100 can be changed, and thus the voltage conversion ratio of the dc conversion circuit 100 can be changed. Specifically, based on the topology of the dc conversion circuit 100 in fig. 8 and the operating characteristics of the first phase state and the second phase state in the above description, the following calculation formula can be obtained.
For the first inductor 120:
VinD2＝(VC4-VC5-Vin)D1＝(VC7-VC1-Vin)D1＝(VC2-VC3-VC5-Vin)D1formula (5)
For the second inductor 130:
VinD1＝(VC5-Vin)D2＝(VC3-VC4-Vin)D2＝(VC1-VC2-Vin)D2＝(Vout-VC7-Vin)D2formula (6)
Wherein, VC7The voltage across the seventh capacitor C7 can be obtained by calculating equations (5) and (6) as follows:
Figure BDA0003571424600000121
it can be understood that, by connecting a new capacitor, such as the seventh capacitor C7 or the sixth capacitor C6, in series or in parallel in the dc converter circuit 100 and providing corresponding switches (the eleventh switch M11 to the thirteenth switch M13), the topology of the dc converter circuit 100 can be expanded, so as to change the voltage conversion ratio of the dc converter circuit 100. Other forms of expansion of the dc converter circuit 100 may be performed according to the actual requirements of the voltage conversion ratio. Specifically, the calculation may be performed by the above-described calculation principle of the voltage conversion ratio, so that the specific target voltage Vout is obtained without changing the initial voltage Vin.
In some embodiments, the first to thirteenth switches M1 to M13 are any one of MOS transistors or bipolar junction transistors.
Referring to fig. 9, in a second aspect, the present application further provides a dc conversion system, including:
the dc conversion circuit 100 of any of the above embodiments; the control module 300, the control module 300 is configured to be connected to the switch set 110 of the dc conversion circuit 100, and the control module 300 is configured to control the switch set 110 to switch, so that the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched to the first phase state or the second phase state.
It can be understood that the control module 300 controls the switch set 110 to switch the dc conversion circuit 100 into the first phase state or the second phase state. As is known from the above, the first phase state and the second phase state are alternately arranged, and the first phase state and the second phase state constitute one duty cycle of the dc conversion circuit 100. The control module 300 is capable of controlling the durations of the first phase state and the second phase state, and thus the duty cycle, by controlling the switch bank 110.
Referring to fig. 3 again, in some embodiments, the switch group 110 includes a first switch module 111 and a second switch module 112, and the control module 300 is connected to the first switch module 111 and the second switch module 112 respectively; the control module 300 is further configured to generate a first control electrical signal, the first switch module 111 is configured to be turned on according to the first control electrical signal, and the second switch module 112 is configured to be turned off according to the first control electrical signal; the control module 300 is further configured to generate a second control electrical signal, the first switch module 111 is configured to be turned off according to the control electrical signal, and the second switch module 112 is configured to be turned on according to the second control electrical signal.
It can be understood that the control module 300 controls the first switch module 111 to be turned on and the second switch module 112 to be turned off, so that the dc-dc converter circuit 100 is switched to the first phase state; the control module 300 controls the first switch module 111 to turn off and the second switch module 112 to turn on, so that the dc-dc converter circuit 100 is switched to the second phase state.
In some embodiments, the control module 300 further comprises: and a timing unit for connecting with the switch group 110, and setting a first on-time of the first switch module 111 and a second on-time of the second switch module 112.
It will be appreciated that from the above target voltage VoutCan know the general formula ofThe target voltage V can be controlled by adjusting the duty ratio DoutI.e., the voltage conversion ratio of the dc conversion circuit 100. For example, as shown in fig. 4, in the dc conversion circuit 100, if it is necessary to change the voltage conversion ratio from 14 to 28 in practical use, the voltage conversion ratio is changed according to the voltage conversion ratio
Figure BDA0003571424600000131
The control module 300 adjusts the voltage conversion to 28 by controlling the duty ratio D to be adjusted from 0.5T to 0.25T. Therefore, the present embodiment sets the first on time of the first switch module 111 and the second on time of the second switch module 112 by the timing unit to control the duty ratio, so as to adjust the voltage conversion ratio of the dc conversion circuit 100.
In some embodiments, the control module 300 is further configured to control the switch set 110 to switch the dc conversion circuit 100 to the third phase state; the first inductor 120 is further configured to perform charging according to a third phase state, and the second inductor 130 is further configured to perform charging according to the third phase state; the third phase state is used to represent that the first inductor 120 is in a charging state and the second inductor 130 is in a charging state; the load group 150 is further configured to generate a third sub-target voltage according to the third phase state and the second sub-target voltage.
It can be understood that, when the initial voltage Vin provided by the external power source 200 is insufficient, in order to ensure that the dc converter circuit 100 can stably operate to output the target voltage Vout, the third phase state D3, i.e., D1+ D2+ D3 is equal to T, needs to be added to the original operating cycle, so that the operating cycle of the dc converter circuit 100 is kept unchanged. Specifically, when the dc conversion circuit 100 is switched to the third phase state, the first inductor 120 and the second inductor 130 are both charged according to the initial voltage Vin.
It can be understood that, in the foregoing description, the dc conversion circuit 100 and the dc conversion system can boost the gain of the initial voltage Vin to obtain the target voltage Vout. In addition, the input end and the output end of the dc conversion circuit 100 are exchanged, that is, the output end of the dc conversion circuit 100 is used as the port of the external power supply 200 for inputting the initial voltage Vin, and one end of the first inductor 120 and one end of the second inductor 130 are used as the output end of the target voltage Vout, so that the voltage reduction conversion of the initial voltage Vin can be realized. The voltage conversion ratio in the voltage reduction process may refer to the voltage conversion ratio in the voltage boosting process.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (9)

1. The direct current conversion circuit is used for being connected with an external power supply, and the direct current conversion circuit is used for generating a target voltage according to an initial voltage provided by the external power supply, and is characterized by comprising:
the switch group is used for controlling the direct current conversion circuit to be switched into a first phase state or a second phase state; the first phase state and the second phase state are two working states which are alternately arranged;
the first inductor is respectively connected with the external power supply and the switch group, the first inductor is used for generating a first electric signal according to the first phase state and the initial voltage, and the first inductor is also used for charging according to the second phase state and the initial voltage; wherein the first phase state is used to characterize the first inductor as a discharge state;
the second inductor is respectively connected with the external power supply and the switch group, and is used for charging according to the first phase state and the initial voltage and generating a second electric signal according to the second phase state and the initial voltage; the second phase state is used for representing that the second inductor is in a discharge state;
the capacitor bank is respectively connected with the first inductor, the second inductor and the switch bank, and is used for generating a gain electric signal according to the second phase state and the second electric signal and generating a charging electric signal according to the first phase state, the first electric signal and the gain electric signal;
one end of the load group is connected with the switch group, and the other end of the load group is grounded; the load group is used for generating a first sub-target voltage according to the first phase state and the charging electric signal; the load group is further used for generating a second sub-target voltage according to the second phase state and the first sub-target voltage.
2. The dc conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein the switch block comprises:
the first switch module is respectively connected with the first inductor and the capacitor bank;
the second switch module is respectively connected with the second inductor and the capacitor bank;
the direct current conversion circuit is used for switching to the first phase state when the first switch module is switched on and the second switch module is switched off; the direct current conversion circuit is further configured to switch to the second phase state when the first switch module is turned off and the second switch module is turned on.
3. The dc conversion circuit of claim 2, wherein the first switching module comprises: the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch; the second switch module includes: a sixth switch, a seventh switch, an eighth switch, a ninth switch, and a tenth switch;
one end of the first switch is connected to the load group, the other end of the first switch is connected to one end of the sixth switch, one end of the second switch is connected to the other end of the sixth switch, one end of the seventh switch is connected to the other end of the second switch, one end of the third switch is connected to the other end of the seventh switch, one end of the eighth switch is connected to the other end of the third switch, one end of the fourth switch is connected to one end of the third switch, one end of the ninth switch is connected to the other end of the fourth switch, one end of the fifth switch is connected to the other end of the ninth switch, the other end of the fifth switch is grounded, and one end of the tenth switch is grounded;
the capacitor bank includes: the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor and the fifth capacitor; one end of the first capacitor is connected with the first inductor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the other end of the first switch; one end of the second capacitor is connected with the other end of the sixth switch, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with one end of the fifth switch; one end of the third capacitor is connected with the other end of the second switch, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the other end of the third switch; one end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the other end of the seventh switch, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the other end of the ninth switch; one end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the other end of the fourth switch, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the other end of the tenth switch;
wherein the first switch to the tenth switch are any one of MOS transistors or bipolar junction transistors.
4. The dc conversion circuit of claim 3, wherein the second switch module further comprises: an eleventh switch, one end of which is connected to the other end of the fourth switch;
the first switch module further comprises: a twelfth switch, one end of which is connected to the other end of the eleventh switch, and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the tenth switch;
the capacitor bank further includes: one end of the sixth capacitor is connected with the other end of the eleventh switch, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected with one end of the fifth switch;
wherein the eleventh switch and the twelfth switch are any one of MOS transistors or bipolar junction transistors.
5. The dc conversion circuit of claim 3, wherein the second switch module further comprises: a thirteenth switch, one end of which is connected to the load group, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the first switch;
the capacitor bank further includes: one end of the seventh capacitor is connected with one end of the first switch, and the other end of the seventh capacitor is connected with one end of the ninth switch;
wherein, the thirteenth switch is any one of a MOS transistor or a bipolar junction transistor.
6. A DC conversion system, comprising:
the direct current conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
the control module is connected with the switch group and used for controlling the switch group to switch so that the direct current conversion circuit is switched to the first phase state or the second phase state.
7. The DC conversion system according to claim 6, wherein the control module is further configured to control the switch set to switch so that the DC conversion circuit is switched to a third phase state;
the first inductor is further configured to be charged according to the third phase state, and the second inductor is further configured to be charged according to the third phase state; the third phase state is used for representing that the first inductor is in a charging state, and the second inductor is in a charging state; the load group is further used for generating a third sub-target voltage according to the third phase state and the second sub-target voltage.
8. The DC conversion system according to claim 7, wherein the switch group comprises a first switch module and a second switch module, and the control module is connected to the first switch module and the second switch module respectively;
the control module is further configured to generate a first control electrical signal, the first switch module is configured to be turned on according to the first control electrical signal, and the second switch module is configured to be turned off according to the first control electrical signal;
the control module is further configured to generate a second control electrical signal, the first switch module is configured to be turned off according to the second control electrical signal, and the second switch module is configured to be turned on according to the second control electrical signal.
9. The dc conversion system of claim 8, wherein the control module further comprises:
and the timing unit is used for being connected with the switch group and setting the first conduction time of the first switch module and the second conduction time of the second switch module.
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