CN1146378C - 吸收制品 - Google Patents

吸收制品 Download PDF

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CN1146378C
CN1146378C CNB941920712A CN94192071A CN1146378C CN 1146378 C CN1146378 C CN 1146378C CN B941920712 A CNB941920712 A CN B941920712A CN 94192071 A CN94192071 A CN 94192071A CN 1146378 C CN1146378 C CN 1146378C
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parts
absorbent article
width
fabric
fluid
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CN1124448A (zh
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D��A��ϣ��
D·A·希特
V·V·芬奇
ض�����ʲ��
L·库特尔-多什纳
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Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F13/53418Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad having a folded core having a C-folded cross-section
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    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A61F2013/15284Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种用于吸收如尿液、月经、血液和排泄物等的吸收制品。吸收制品包括液体可渗透的面层(36),液体不能渗透的隔层(38)和位于其间的吸收体。吸收体由第一(44)和第二(46)部件组成,每一部件都具有预定的宽度,第一部件的宽度等于或大于第二部件的宽度。第二部件位于第一部件的至少一部分的下方。第二部件具有比第一部件高的芯吸容量,这有利于体液在第二部件的整个水平面内运动。然后,存在于第二部件内的体液在等于第二部件的饱和面积的面积上返传回第一部件。第二部件包括多于一个的层,这些层是单独的和明显不同的或是通过将一张织物折叠一次或多次形成的。

Description

吸收制品
本发明所述技术领域
本发明涉及一种能吸收体液的吸收制品。具体地说,本发明特别涉及一种,如卫生巾的吸收制品,它给使用者提供了显示体液停留在吸收制品中心的使用后的可见信号。
技术背景
吸收制品是指用于吸收体液如尿液,月经,血液,汗液,和其它人体排泄物的产品,例如尿布,卫生巾,训练内裤,防失禁用衣服,过夜用的垫子,女裤衬垫,用于腋下的保护品等。卫生巾也称之为月经垫子,妇女用垫,过夜用垫,女裤衬垫,内裤保护品,是设计为妇女系带,在月经期之前,之中,或之后吸收月经以及其它排泄的体液。这些产品是外用的制品,通常通过衣服贴附粘结或机械贴附固定到相邻的内衣上。这些产品不同于卫生栓(tampons),它们是内用制品,被设计用来插入妇女的阴道内。
如今,制造商发起了一场运动使外用卫生产品比过去更薄,以使它们更能独立包装的同时能传递和厚产品同样多的流体容量。这一进步已经使卫生产品从约25毫米(mm)下降到约10mm,甚至下降到小于5mm的厚度。厚度下降的主要原因是使用了新的超吸收材料。然而,超吸收材料十分昂贵,当它们被流体膨胀时会引起凝胶阻塞。由于这一原因,要求构成一种吸收制品,特别是薄的吸收制品,在使用较少的超吸收材料或不使用超吸收材料的情况下,它具有适当的吸收能力和快速的流体内收能力。这将从根本上降低生产此类吸收制品的成本。
希望构造出这样一种吸收制品,它能给使用者传递一个使用后可见信号,体液停留在制品的中心。如果流体污迹接近吸收制品的侧边,使用者就能明显看出制品需要更换了。
吸收制品的另一重要方面是它的芯吸月经的能力。月经是十分粘的,可能含有人体组织的小颗粒,趋于粘贴并覆盖在制品的表面,限制另外的体液进入吸收制品。卫生巾生产商总在寻求一种新的材料或各层的配置,以获得具有改进的芯吸容量的结构。
现在,已经发明了一种吸收制品,它利用了具有特别是对月经的高芯吸容量的吸收体。同时还给使用者提供了显示液体停留在吸收制品中心的使用后的可见信号。
发明简述
简单地说,本发明涉及一种能吸收如尿液、月经、排泄物、血液等的吸收制品。吸收制品包括液体可渗透的面层、液体不能渗透的隔层以及位于两者之间的吸收体。吸收体由第一和第二部件组成,每一个都具有预定的宽度,第一部件的宽度等于或大于第二部件的宽度。第二部件在第一部件的至少一部分下。第二部件具有比所述第一部件高的芯吸容量以利于体液在第二部件的整个平面内运动。当第二部件上的流体污迹长度至少为76mm时,其芯吸容量可以表示为第二部件上的流体污迹长度与第一部件上的流体污迹长度的比率大于1.7。存在于第二部件的体液在等于第二部件的饱和面积的面积上返传回第一部件。当滞留在第二部件的相应表面积上的的体液使吸收制品饱和时,使用者将接到一个流体还停留在制品中心的使用后可见信号。
本发明的一个主要目的是提供一种能吸收如尿液、月经、血液和排泄物等的体液的吸收制品。本发明的一个更具体的目的是提供一种如卫生巾的吸收制品,它能给使用者提供流体停留在制品的中心的使用后可见信号。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种吸收体液的吸收制品,它具有改进的芯吸容量,由具有高芯吸容量的部件上的流体污迹长度与芯吸容量比高芯吸部件较低的另一部件上的流体污迹长度的比率来表示。当高吸收部件上的流体污迹长度至少为76mm时,该比率至少为1.7。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种吸收制品,它具有屏蔽污迹的性能,因为在第一吸收部件上的流体污迹不如在第二部件上的流体污迹那么严重。
本发明还有一目的是提供一种厚度小于5毫米的吸收制品,并易于生产和成本低。
对本领域的技术人员来说,根据下面的描述和附图,本发明的其它目的和优点将变得更明显。
附图简要说明
图1是吸收制品的揭示内部部件的局部剖面俯视图。
图2是图1沿线2-2的截面图。
图3是具有传递层和三个在第一部件上形成的纵向狭长切口的吸收制品的另一实例的俯视图。
图4是图1沿线4-4的截面图。
图5是具有传递层和被在顶层有一切口的第一部件封闭的第二部件的吸收制品的另一实例的透视图。
优选实施方案的详细说明
本发明涉及一种吸收制品,其包括包含第一和第二部件的吸收体,每一部件都具有预定的宽度,其特征是所述第一部件具有跨越所述第二部件整个宽度和大于所述第二部件宽度的宽度,所述第二部件位于所述第一部件的至少一部分的下方,所述第一部件和第二部件的纵向轴线与该吸收制品的纵向轴线重合;所述第二部件具有比所述第一部件更高的芯吸容量,按照本发明说明的试验方法测定的所述第一部件和第二部件的芯吸容量用在所述第二部件中的流体污迹长度与在所述第一部件中的流体污迹长度的比率来表示,当在所述第二部件中所述流体污迹长度至少为76mm时,所述比率为至少1.7,和所述制品的厚度为小于5mm,
其中,所述第二部件的宽度比所述吸收制品的宽度小;所述第一部件是气流成型的熔喷纤维和纸浆纤维的混合物,或者具有胶乳丙烯酸粘结剂的软木的气铺法织物,软木是100%纯软木;和所述第一部件不包括高吸收体;
所述第二部件是由软木和/或硬木纤维制造的空气干燥的成绉织物;和所述第二部件由至少两层构成。
参看图1和2,它显示了能吸收体液的吸收制品10。吸收制品10的厚度小于25mm,优选小于10mm,特别优选在约2mm-约5mm之间。对于超薄吸收制品,其厚度必须小于约5mm。吸收制品10可以是尿布,训练内裤,卫生巾,女裤衬垫,过夜垫子,防失禁的衣服,腋下保护用品,或任何其它已知的能吸收尿液、月经、血液、汗液、分秘物、或其它人体排泄流体的一次性产品。为讨论的目的,吸收制品10按卫生巾进行描述。
吸收制品10包括液体可以渗透的面层12,液体不能渗透的隔层14和在其内的吸收体16。液体可以渗透的面层12被设计与人体接触,可由纺织或无纺材料构成。面层12可由天然或人造材料组成,应易于体液穿过。合适的材料包括粘结的聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、尼龙或其它可热粘结纤维的成片织物(web),其它聚烯烃,如聚丙烯和聚乙烯的共聚物,线性低粘度聚乙烯,穿有小孔的薄膜织物及网状材料也能很好地起作用。
面层12可以由含有小孔的热塑性薄膜构成,它与无纺材料的两侧相连。这种特殊的方式紧靠使用者的大腿,提供了柔软的感觉,同时使得体液迅速地穿过。
液体不能渗透的隔层14被设计成允许空气或蒸气穿过并流出吸收制品10,但堵塞液体不许通过。隔层14可以是具有以上性质的任何材料。好的材料是表面微凸的(micro-embossed),如聚乙烯或聚丙烯的聚合物膜。两组份膜也可以使用。优选材料是聚乙烯膜。最优选的隔层14是厚度为约0.2-约2.0mm,特别是约0.3-约1.0mm的聚乙烯膜。
面层12和隔层14可以共同延伸并绕吸收体16的周边面与面接触。面层12和隔层14可以通过粘结、热密封、超声波、或本领域技术人员已知的其它方法沿其周边密封在一起。例如,面层12,隔层14和吸收体16的至少一部分粘结到一起,然后模切使之具有共同的边界。此外面层12和隔层14可以结合在一起环绕或包裹吸收体16。
吸收体16由第一部件18和第二部件20组成。吸收部件18或20可含有水解胶体材料,即通常所说的超吸收材料。然而,应当注意吸收制品10在没有任何超吸收材料存在时也能卓越地工作。
第一部件18位于面层12的下方,其长度和宽度接近等于吸收制品10的长度和宽度。如果吸收制品10是模切的产品,则可以在一次操作中压出或切出第一部件18、面层12和隔层14。但应注意到,如果想要使第一部件比吸收制品10短或窄,这也是可能的。优选第一部件18的宽度等于吸收制品10的宽度以使其跨过吸收制品10。如果第一部件18的宽度小于吸收制品10的宽度,第一部件18应沿吸收制品10的中心纵轴x-x对准。其原因是该制品是设计用来靠近身体穿戴以使排泄的大部分体液落到面层12的中心部位的。因此,使第一部件18在体液接触制品10的区域下方直接对准是有意义的。
第一部件18可以是由各种天然或合成的纤维形成的亲水材料,包括纤维素纤维,用表面活性剂处理过的软化海绵体纤维,木材纸纤维,再生纤维素或棉纤维,或纸和其它纤维的混合物。优选第一部件18是由具有大孔结构且具有湿和干弹性能保证舒适和起保护作用的材料形成。当和第二部件20比较,第一部件18进一步具有相对低的特别是对月经的芯吸容量。共成型织物和气流纺织物是两种作为第一部件18能很好地起作用的材料。共成型织物是气流成型熔喷纤维和纸浆纤维的混合物。这种材料的形成在Anderson等人的US4100324中公开了,该专利在这里引入作为参考,并作为其一部分。一种百分之约60的纤维素纤维和百分之约40的聚丙烯熔喷体纤维的共成型混合物能很好地起作用。
气流纺织物作为第一部件18也能很好地起作用。一种市场上可以买到的气流纺织物是位于500 Day St.,P.O.Box 23790,Green Bay,wisconsin 54309-3790的Jams River Corporation出售的AirtexR395。AirtexR395是用乳状丙烯酸粘结剂结合在一起的100%纯软木。
第一部件18也可以含有用热和压力永久变形的热塑性聚合物。这些材料包括聚丙烯、尼龙、聚乙烯、聚酯等。富有代表性的这些材料是粘结的成片的网片、纺接的织物。
所述第一部件具有至少一个或多个形成于其上的沿其一部分纵向延伸的槽。
第二部件20位于第一部件18的至少一部分的下面。第二部件的长度等于,优选小于吸收制品10的长度。第二部件20比第一部件18较薄,其宽度等于,优选小于第一部件18的宽度。因为吸收制品10的总宽度在约2.5至约4.0英寸(约63.5mm到约101.6mm)之间,第二部件20的宽度应在约1至约2英寸(约25.4mm到约50.8mm)之间,第二部件20的宽度优选在约1.5至约2英寸(约38.1mm到约50.8mm)之间。应当注意,如果吸收制品是一个大的制品,如尿布时,第二部件的宽度可以由按比例放大的宽度构成。使第二部件20的宽度窄于吸收制品10的宽度的原因是第二部件20具有高于吸收制品中其它任何部件的,特别是对月经的芯吸容量。因此,第二部件20中的流体将沿纵轴x-x和横轴y-y,以快于同一流体在第一部件18的速度向外芯吸。如果第二部件20宽度等于吸收制品10的宽度,任何与第二部件接触的流体都将被向吸收制品10的侧边引导。然后将会发生侧漏,吸收制品10丧失了其收集和保持体液的功能。
如上所述,第二部件20具有比第一部件18较高的芯吸容量。较高的芯吸容量是指:在3毫升(ml)初始损伤后5分钟时测到的,接触第二部件20的流体将在X和Y方向比相同流体在第一部件18的这些方向上更快和更有效地流动。X方向意谓着平行于中心纵向轴线X-X,Y方向意谓着平行于中心横向轴线Y-Y,两者都标在图1中。
为确定不同吸收制品的,特别是卫生巾的各种材料的芯吸容量而进行了测试。测试程序使用染色溶液来确定各种材料的芯吸容量,溶液以3±0.5ml/30s的流动速率配给。测试以两种不同的时间来进行,30秒以完成初步损伤,初步损伤后5分钟。所需的测试仪器和材料如下:
1.一个能在30秒配给3±0.5ml的自动泵。从Cole ParmerInstrument Company,Chicago,Illinois 60648购得的Cole Parmer-MasterflexR自动泵能很好地起作用;
2.一个刻度为10ml的,容量为1000ml的硼硅酸玻璃量杯;
3.一个15英寸(381mm)高的铁环架
4.一根有1/8英寸(3mm)顶尖的针,安装在铁环架上;
5.一个从Cole-Parmer Instrument Company购得的Masterflex Tygon管,14#;
6.40ml由混合16.7克蓝染料№1粉末与1000ml蒸馏水得到的染色溶液,所述粉末是从2526 Baldwin Street,P O Box 14538,St.Louis,MO.63178-4538的Warner-Jenkinson Division of UniversalFoods Corporat ion购得的;
7.900ml蒸馏水;
8.可读0.1秒的停表;
9.米尺。
测试开始前,40ml的染色溶液与900ml的蒸馏水在1000ml的硼硅酸玻璃量杯中轻轻摇晃。
要测试的样品应作如下整理:
如果样品放在包装袋中,则首先应将每一样品从保护包装袋中拿出来。然后每一样品在22.5°-23.0℃(73F±1F)的温度和50%±2%的相对湿度下保持至少2小时。整理后,从每一样品的中心切下2×6英寸(52mm×152mm)的试样,试样在相应于切下它的制品的长度方向上有较长的尺寸。
每一试样的测试程序如下:
每一个2×6英寸的试样放在桌子上,其朝身体一侧的表面向上,针尖位于试样中心的上方。打开控制染色溶液从泵中流出的开关,使染色溶液流到试样的中心。当染色溶液滴到试样上开始起动停表。在30秒时,关闭泵的开关,同时停止停表。这一段时间在表中称之为“初始损伤”,流体的配给量为3ml。尽快从试样上揭掉面层,用米尺测量在第一部件和第二部件以及在第三部件上的流体的污迹,如果有的话。每一部件都小心地从与其相邻的部件上剥下,以测定流体的污迹。这一测量值被记录下来,并表示染色溶液的初始损伤。然后,所有的这些部件和面层返回至原来的位置,同时起动停表。五分钟后停止停表,并尽快从试样上揭去面层。如上面所述,测量并记录在吸收体部件上流体污迹的长和宽。这些测量值作为“损伤后五分钟”并被记录下来。这是最后的测量。
出现在下面的表1中的数据是使用上述测定程序得到的。六种现有或过去的从市场上购得的卫生巾及四种本发明的样品被测试。四种样品分别标为样品1和样品2,样品3和样品4。你可从数据看到从初始损伤的五分钟后,四种样品的每一种的第二吸收部件上的流体污迹长度(129mm,152mm,100mm,135mm)远长于在任何市场上购得的产品上的流体污迹长度。所有市场测试产品的最大值为95mm,(看KUT第二部件)。总之,本发明的四种样品的每一个的第二吸收部件明显具有比第一吸收部件高的芯吸容量。这一特征在所测试的任何市售产品中是不存在的。表1也显示了当与在初始损伤时的流体污迹相比较时,所有四种样品表现出在污迹长度上的很大的区别。例如,样品3的区别为21mm(100mm减79mm)。KUT和NF Maxi是表现出具有如此大的区别的仅有的两种市售产品。所测试的其它市售产品的区别为10mm或更小。这一点进一步证明了本发明利用了一个放在具有较低芯吸容量的部件下方的具有高芯吸容量的吸收部件。这一配置产生了意想不到的效果,特别是在不用超吸收材料的超薄吸收产品中,所提供的其它条件也令人满意。
                                        表1
                                      芯吸容量
                                       (n=1)
                                  (所有测量值为mm)
  产品 吸收体部件 复合尺寸长×宽   面积 3ml损伤后的污迹宽   3ml损伤后的污迹长度     损伤后五分钟的污迹宽度     损伤后五分钟的污迹长度
  AUM 1-顶部件2-内部件 52×15252×152   79047904 4552     4560     5052     5070
  SFUP 1-顶部件2-Sph部件 52×15252×152   79047904 5454     5562     5454     6066
  样品1 1-MBX2-AirtexR3-织物 32×15252×15241×152   486479046232 324741     836098     324941     11065129
  样品2 1-AirtexR2-织物 52×15241×152   79046232 5043     65115     5243     67152
  样品3 1-AirtexR2-织物 52×15244×152   79046688 4244     4279     4244     44100
 样品4 1-共形成织物A2-织物   52×15242×152     79046384     3042     3073     3042     35135
 KUT 1-mod.软化海绵体2-织物3-内部件   32×15252×15232×152     486479044864     325232     557050     325232     559552
 NF Thin1 1-共形成织物B1-共形成织物C   52×15240×152     79046080     4129     7132     4229     7332
 NF Thin2 1-共形成织物B2-MBY   52×15238×152     79045776     3538     5751     3738     6951
 NF Maxi 1-MBX2-绒毛3-Emb.绒毛   52×15252×15252×152     790479047904     322230     382432     322540     403060
:在有些复合部件中发生溶胀导致污迹尺寸比切下的尺寸稍大。
表1中的值已涉及所有部件。
产品
AUM    总是Ultra Maxi-由Procter & Gamble Company出售的工业产品。
SFUP    Stayfree Ultra Plus-由Johnson & Johnson出售的工业产品。
样品1    超薄样品,具有1>纺粘的面层;2>包括有软化海绵体,
AirtexR395和被AirtexR395封闭的织物插入件的芯吸结构(3层,折成E状);3>泡沫;4>隔层。
样品2    超薄样品,具有1>由纺粘连接的有孔热塑性膜条形成的面层;2>纺粘传递层;3>AirtexR395;4>被AirtexR395封闭的三层折成E状的织物;5>泡沫;6>隔层。
样品3    超薄样品,具有1>由纺粘连接的有孔热塑性膜条形成的面层;2>纺粘传递层;3>AirtexR395;4>被AirtexR395封闭的九层(多次折叠)的织物;5>泡沫;6>隔层。
样品4    由具有纺粘载片的共形成体、3层(折成E状)织物和隔层构成的超薄样品。
KUT    Kotex Ultra Thin-由Kimberly-Clark Corporatioin出售的工业产品。
NF Maxi    New Freedom Maxi-由Kimberly-Clark Corporation出售的工业产品。
NF Thin 1  New Freedom Thin-由Kimberly-Clark Corporation出售的工业产品。
NF Thin 2  New Freedom Thin Maxi-由Kimberly-ClarkCorporation 1991年1月以前出售的工业产品。
缩略语
顶部件            =内部件上方的顶部件
内部件            =含有超吸收材料的包装
Sph部件           =含有Sphagnum的吸收体部件
AirtexR          =由James River Corporation制造的AirtexR 395
织物              =由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造的Saint
Catherine′s织物32gsm
共形成织物A       =由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造的40%
的纸粕60%的聚丙烯聚合物的混合物,100gsm.
Mod MB            =改性软化海绵体60gsm.,微孔,由Kimberly-
Clark Corporation制造
MBX               =标准软化海绵体60gsm.,微孔,由
Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造
绒毛              =Weyerhaeuser成卷绒毛纸粕,NF105
Emb.绒毛          =其上压印有图案的绒毛
共形成织物B       =由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造的掺有
75%的纸粕和25%的聚丙烯聚合物的混合物,100gsm.
共形成织物C        =由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造的掺有
40%的纸粕和60%的聚丙烯聚合物的混合物,30gsm,(4层=
240gsm)
MBY                =由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造的标准软
化海绵体60gsm,(4层=240gsm)
表2显示了表1所述的六种市售产品和四种样品卫生巾的两个相邻吸收部件上流体污迹长度的比率。比率定义为具有较高芯吸容量的吸收部件上的流体污迹长度除以具有较低芯吸容量的吸收部件上的流体污迹长度。当产品含三个吸收部件时,看样品1,KUT,以及NF Maxi,具有最高芯吸容量的吸收部件上的流体污迹长度除以其它两个部件上的流体污迹长度的每一个。
表2的比率显示了初始损伤后5分钟的污迹长度的变化,对于本发明的四种样品分别为1.7,2.3,2.3和3.9。这些值代表了较高吸收部件和较低吸收部件的芯吸容量的相互关系。值越大表示部件间的芯吸容量的差别也越大。换句话说,第二部件具有比第一部件明显高的芯吸容量。这一特征使得第二吸收部件比第一部件能更有效地吸收体液。因为第二部件位于第一部件的至少一部分的下方,体液排入第二部件并在其整个表面上快速芯吸。然后流体在一大得多的表面积上返回第一部件。
可以看出,市售产品的比率在1.1和2.3之间。然而,在“NF Thin1”产品中,较高芯吸部件(共形成织物B)比较低芯吸部件(共形成织物C)宽且位于其上。在KUT产品中,较高芯吸部件(织物)比两个较低芯吸部件(Mod.MB和内部部件)宽。这一结构与本发明的结构相反,会引起过早侧漏。在这些市售产品中高芯吸部件的宽度等于或小于低芯吸部件的宽度时,其值为2.0或更小。这些值表明在芯吸部件之间芯吸容量的差别较小。
                           表2
                        污迹长度比率
                          (n=1)
产品 部件的比率 3ml损伤后的污迹长度比率 损伤后5分钟的污迹长度比率
AUM 部件(2)∶部件(1) 1.3 1.4
SFUP 部件(2)∶部件(1) 1.1 1.1
样品l 部件(1)∶部件(2)部件(3)∶部件(2) 1.41.6 1.72.0
样品2 部件(2)∶部件(1) 1.8 2.3
样品3 部件(2)∶部件(1) 1.9 2.3
样品4 部件(2)∶部件(1) 2.4 3.9
KUT 部件(2)∶部件(1)部件(2)∶部件(3) 1.31.4 1.71.8
NF Thin1 部件(1)∶部件(2) 1.4 2.3
NF Thin2 部件(1)∶部件(2) 1.1 1.35
NF Maxi 部件(3)∶部件(1)部件(3)∶部件(2) 0.81.3 1.52.0
注:表2中的产品和部件相应于表1中的产品和部件。
在表3中,根据表1和2中描述的六种市售产品和四种样品的污迹长度,给出了芯吸容量。列出了在初始“3ml”(在30秒)损伤后和“初始损伤后5分钟”的流体污迹长度。右边栏中的值“初始损伤后5分钟污迹长度”显示,对于四种样品,流体污迹已超过了76mm(分别为129mm,152mm和100mm,135mm)。事实上,对于所有四个样品,流体污迹的长度均超过了99mm。而对于市售产品,除KUT的测量值为95mm外,每一个流体污迹的长度都低于76mm。这些流体污迹长度进一步支持了这样的事实:本发明中的第二吸收部件具有比第一部件较高的芯吸容量。除在高芯吸部件上的流体污迹至少为76mm,优选为99mm,再给合高芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度除以低芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度的比率大于1.7,得到了意想不到的结果:使得本发明比任何测试产品能更好地起作用。应当注意,确定污迹长度的时间是3ml初始损伤后5分钟时。
NF Maxi市售产品的高芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度是60mm,在76mm以下。所以即使芯吸比率为2.0,但高芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度小,显示了在高芯吸部件上流体不能很好地分布,因此不在本发明之内。
       表3
芯吸容量-污迹长度
吸收部件的污迹长度的变化
(n=1)
(所有测量都以mm为单位)
原始样品长度为152mm
产品 吸收部件 3ml损伤后的污迹长度 损伤后5分钟的污迹长度
AUM 第一部件第二部件 4560 5070
SFUP 第一部件第二部件 5562 6066
样品1 第一部件第二部件第三部件 836098 11065129
样品2 第一部件第二部件 65115 67152
样品3 第一部件第二部件 4279 44100
样品4 第一部件第二部件 3073 35135
KUT 第一部件第二部件第三部件 557050 559552
NF    Thin1 第一部件第二部件 7132 7332
NF    Thin2 第一部件第一部件 5751 6951
NF Maxi 第一部件第二部件第三部件 382432 403060
注:
表3中的产品和部件相当于表1中的产品和部件。在某些复合部件中发生的溶胀会导致污迹尺寸稍大于所切下的尺寸。
第二部件20优选由织物构成。织物可由软木和/或硬木纤维制成,可以是成绉的、湿压的可空气干燥的。多层结构可以应用多个分开的和明显不同的层,或是由一层织物经一次或多次折成的。已发现两层或多层能很好地起作用。优选第二部件20是折成E状的具有三个或多个连接层的织物。对于具有总长度为约7英寸(177.8mm)或更长的吸收制品10,织物的长度可为约6英寸至7英寸(约152.4mm-约177.8mm)。织物有利于流体在第二部件20的整个表面积内芯吸并分散到第一部件18。与传统的纸粕吸收体相比,织物能提高流体排入并滞留在吸收体16中的比率接近25%。
织物的密度也可以大于第一部件18的密度。第一部件的密度应当在约0.048至0.096克/厘米3(约3至约6镑每立方英尺)之间,优选在约0.064至0.08克/厘米3(约4至约5镑每立方英尺)之间。因此第二部件20的密度应至少为约0.064克/厘米3(约4镑每立方英尺)或更高,优选约0.096克/厘米3(约6镑每立方英尺)。更优选的是,第二部件20的密度应为约0.112克/厘米3(约7镑每立方英尺)。
参看图3和4,显示了一可选的吸收制品10’。吸收制品10’包括一液体可渗透面层22,液体不能渗透的隔层24,和一吸收体26。吸收体26包括一传递层28,第一吸收部件30和第二吸收部件32。传递层28位于面层22和第一部件30之间并沿吸收制品10’的中心纵轴X-X对准。传递层28可以是无纺聚丙烯纺粘网片或其它具有类似性质的材料。
所述传递层位于所述面层和第一部件之间,所述传递层在颜色上比所述第一部件较暗,较暗的颜色给使用者提供了大部分流体将滞留的使用前可见信号。
传递层28的形状可以是矩形条状,其长度等于或小于吸收制品10’的总长度。其宽度小于吸收制品10’的宽度。对于卫生巾,约6至约12英寸的长度(约152mm-约304m)和约0.5至2英寸的宽度(约12mm-约25.4mm)能很好地起作用。优选地,传递层28的长度接近等于吸收制品10′的长度,其宽度在约1至1.5英寸(约25.4mm-约38.1mm)之间,最优选为约1.25英寸(约31.75mm)。
传递层28能使流体从面层22向下通过到吸收体26中。传递层28给使用者提供了使用前可见信号:制品10′的主吸收部分沿吸收制品10′的中心纵轴X-X定位。
吸收制品10′也不同于图1和2中所描述的实例,其中第一部件30包括有一个或多个纵向间隙34。间隙34的长度和宽度是可变的,它可以通过在第一部件30上切口或开槽或者通过在水平面内侧向对准的条形物形成第一部件30来形成。每一间隙34给体液,特别是月经提供了一从面层22和或传递层28流入第二部件32的无障碍通道。间隙34使得吸收制品10′能弯曲和折叠以致于保持与使用者身体的紧密接触。间隙34也使得体液迅速穿过进入吸收制品10′的下部,为保持面层22的干燥这是非常希望的。间隙34在吸收月经的卫生产品中是特别有用的,因为月经是非常粘的不易穿过纤维材料而流动。
第二部件32的作用与图1中的第二部件20相同。第二部件32比传递层28宽,但比第一部件30窄。其理由是第二部件32具有比第一部件30高的芯吸容量。通过使第二部件32具有比第一部件30小的宽度,流体在充满第二部件32之前不会迁移到吸收制品10′的侧边。这就延迟了侧漏的可能性。
参看图5,描述了吸收制品10′的第三种实例,它具有液体可渗透的面层36,液体不能渗透的隔层38和吸收体40。面层36和隔层38在吸收制品10′的周边密封。吸收体40包括传递层42第一部件44和第二部件46。所有这三个部件42,44和46垂直配置,其性质在上面参照图1-4已描述过了。然而,在这一实例中,形成多个穿透面层36和传递层42的小孔48和50。小孔48和50便于体液向下流动进入吸收体40。在面层36上形成的小孔48的一部分或全部可与在传递层42上形成的小孔50轴向对准,使得体液快速向下流人吸收体40。可以改变小孔48和50的大小、形状、直径和数量以满足某一特殊的需要。小孔48和50可以均匀地或随意地安排在面层36和传递层42的整个或一部分表面上。正如所示,小孔48安排在吸收制品10′的沿中心纵轴X-X对准的窄条上。面层36上穿孔部分的宽度可以等于传递层42的宽度。优选地传递层42的整个表面都打上小孔。
在图5中,可以看到第一部件44由两层组成,一层在第二部件46的上方,另一层在第二部件的下方。第一部件44的顶层含有一个与中心纵轴X-X对准的间隙52。间隙52可以通过将第一部件44的顶层切口或切槽或者通过由两个单独的相互平行且稍微分开的材料条构成第一部件44来形成。间隙52和小孔48及50一起提供了从面层36到第二部件46的无障碍通道。应当注意,如果仅有一个间隙,它应对准中心纵轴X-X,然后垂直地位于面层36的,流体从其进入吸收制品10′的中心部位和第二部件46的中心之间。第二部件46的中心使流体快速向织物的周边引导。
在图5中,形成第一部件44的两条的宽度等于第二部件46的宽度。从生产的观点看,分别制造具有相同尺寸的第一部件和第二部件44和46是有利的,因为它便于一个部件相对于另一部件垂直对准。
吸收制品10′还包括一湿弹性层54,它们位于第一部件44的底层和液体不能渗透的隔层38之间。该湿弹性层54可以是封闭的聚乙烯泡沫单元(Cell),位于7110,Santa Fe Drive,Hodgkins,Illinois 60525的Sealed Air Corporation有售。其商品名为Cell-AireR,CA-30,厚度为约0.8毫米,密度为16千克/米3(1.2镑每立方英尺),宽度为1.52米(60英寸),每卷的长度为615米,另一种适于做湿弹性层54的聚乙烯泡沫是Brandwine Four Building,Routes1 and 202,ChaddsFord,Pennsylvania 19317的AmetekMicrofoam Division出售的。
湿弹性层54抵抗吸收制品10′在使用中的聚束和挠曲。湿弹性是指层54即使在体液弄湿时也是有弹性的。湿弹性层54的长度和宽度使得它与面层36和/或隔层38具有共同的边界。湿弹性层54的长度等于或大于吸收体40的长度,宽度等于或大于吸收体40的宽度。湿弹性层54抵抗吸收制品10′的聚束和挠曲,因此与间隙52一起保持吸收制品10′与使用者的身体紧密接触。
机械地附在隔层38的外表面56的是两个纵向延伸的附到衣服上的粘结条58和60。应当注意到一个宽条,三个或多个窄条,或弥散(spary)形式的粘结条也可以使用。衣服粘附粘结条可以从位于10Finderne Ave.,Bridgewater,New Jersey 08807的National Starchand Chemical Company购得。当吸收制品是月经产品时,衣服粘结条58和60用来保证吸收制品10′在内衣的分叉部位内侧,如果吸收制品10″是尿布或训练内裤时,衣服粘结条58和60就不必要了。衣服粘结条58和60使吸收制品10′适当地对准盖于阴道口上。
可揭去的封条62粘附在衣服粘结条58和60上,用来防止粘结条在附到内衣上之前被污染。封条62可以是盖在一侧的Kraft纸,因此它可以从热熔粘胶,如粘结条58和60上被揭去。封条62被设计成最后由消费者在将吸收制品10′置于内衣上之前揭掉。
本发明是结合几个特殊的实例来描述的,但应当理解根据前面的描述,本领域的技术人员能作出许多的变换、改进和变动。因此本发明包括所有这些落人附属的权利要求的精神和范围内的变换、改进和变动。

Claims (11)

1.一种吸收制品,包括包含第一和第二部件的吸收体,每一部件都具有预定的宽度,其特征是所述第二部件的宽度比所述吸收制品的宽度小;所述第一部件具有跨越所述第二部件整个宽度和大于所述第二部件宽度的宽度,所述第二部件位于所述第一部件的至少一部分的下方,所述第一部件和第二部件的纵向轴线与该吸收制品的纵向轴线重合;所述第二部件具有比所述第一部件更高的芯吸容量,按照本发明说明的试验方法测定的所述第一部件和第二部件的芯吸容量用在所述第二部件中的流体污迹长度与在所述第一部件中的流体污迹长度的比率来表示,当在所述第二部件中所述流体污迹长度至少为76mm时,所述比率为至少1.7,和所述制品的厚度为小于5mm;
所述第一部件是气流成型的熔喷纤维和纸浆纤维的混合物,或者具有胶乳丙烯酸粘结剂的软木的气流法织物,软木是100%纯软木;和所述第一部件不包括高吸收体;
所述第二部件是由软木和/或硬木纤维制造的空气干燥的成绉织物;和所述第二部件由至少两层构成。
2.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,该吸收制品进一步包括:
a>液体可渗透的面层;和
b>液体不能渗透的隔层;
其中,所述吸收体位于所述面层和所述隔层之间。
3.根据权利要求2的吸收制品,其中所述第二部件是折成E状形成至少三个连接层的织物,所述织物的折叠后宽度在2.54至5.08cm之间。
4.根据权利要求2的吸收制品,其中所述第二部件的宽度在3.81至5.08cm之间。
5.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,该吸收制品进一步包括:
a>液体可渗透的面层;和
b>液体不能渗透的隔层;
其中,所述吸收体位于所述面层和所述隔层之间,和所述第二部件是由软木和/或硬木纤维制成的至少有三个连接层的折成E状的织物;和当织物折成E状时,提供所述第二部件的宽度。
6.根据权利要求5的吸收制品,其中在所述面层和所述第一部件之间有传递层。
7.根据权利要求5的吸收制品,其中所述第一部件具有至少一个形成于其上的沿第一部件一部分纵向延伸的槽。
8.根据权利要求7的吸收制品,其中所述第一部件具有多个形成于其上的沿其一部分纵向延伸的槽。
9.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,该吸收制品进一步包括:
a>液体可渗透的面层;和
b>液体不能渗透的隔层;
其中,所述吸收体位于所述面层和所述隔层之间,所述第一部件包括至少两个水平对齐且分开的条,其间有至少一个纵向间隙,所述第二部件包括由软木和/或硬木纤维制成的并具有比所述第一部件更高的芯吸容量的折成E状的具有至少三层的织物;和当织物折成E状时,提供所述第二部件的宽度。
10.根据权利要求9的吸收制品,进一步包括位于所述面层和所述第一部件之间的传递层,所述传递层在颜色上比所述第一部件较暗,所述较暗的颜色给使用者提供了大部分流体将滞留的使用前可见信号。
11.根据权利要求9的吸收制品,其中所述第二部件是折成E状形成至少三个连接层的织物,和当所述织物折成E状时所述织物的宽度在2.54至5.08cm之间。
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BR9406288A (pt) 1995-12-26
CA2104263C (en) 2003-07-01
FR2705028A1 (fr) 1994-11-18
CN1124448A (zh) 1996-06-12
EP1057465A1 (en) 2000-12-06
DE69427040D1 (de) 2001-05-10
JPH08510150A (ja) 1996-10-29
MY110976A (en) 1999-07-31
DE69432574T2 (de) 2004-04-08
TW308863U (en) 1997-06-21
EP1057465B1 (en) 2003-04-23
JP3754447B2 (ja) 2006-03-15
DE69432574D1 (de) 2003-05-28
FR2705028B1 (fr) 1995-10-27
CA2104263A1 (en) 1994-11-13
AU680910B2 (en) 1997-08-14
WO1994026221A1 (en) 1994-11-24
EP0774946B1 (en) 2001-04-04
PH30927A (en) 1997-12-23
US5454800A (en) 1995-10-03
EP0774946A1 (en) 1997-05-28
KR100323181B1 (ko) 2002-09-26
DE69427040T3 (de) 2011-02-10
AU6826494A (en) 1994-12-12
EP0774946B2 (en) 2010-09-08
DE69427040T2 (de) 2003-05-22
HK1014481A1 (en) 1999-09-30

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