CN114636894A - Power distribution network topology change identification method for optimizing traveling wave positioning - Google Patents
Power distribution network topology change identification method for optimizing traveling wave positioning Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
Abstract
The invention provides a power distribution network topology change identification method for optimizing traveling wave positioning, and relates to the technical field of power distribution network operation and maintenance. The invention realizes the identification of the line topology change by establishing the initial matrix of the traveling wave head time difference between the devices and utilizing the traveling wave signal generated by the device when the distribution network fails; according to the method, only one current traveling wave signal needs to be manually injected into the first section of the line after the distribution network terminal measuring device is installed, and then the distribution network topology change condition can be automatically identified when a fault occurs. If the distance between the line devices is known, the traveling wave does not need to be injected manually. Compared with the prior art, the invention does not need to repeatedly inject signals into the line, thereby influencing the normal operation of the line. Meanwhile, the method utilizes the characteristic that the distribution network faults occur frequently, so that whether the line topology changes or not can be frequently detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of operation and maintenance of power distribution networks, in particular to a power distribution network topology change identification method for optimizing traveling wave positioning.
Background
The power distribution network has a complex operation environment, and is often subjected to external forces such as thunder and lightning, mountain fire, trees and the like to cause faults, so that power failure of users is caused, and production and life are influenced. Therefore, a technology is needed for quickly and accurately positioning the fault point of the power distribution network so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring the normal operation of the power distribution network.
Therefore, it is proposed to accurately locate a fault point by using a double-end traveling wave locating technique, so as to reduce troubleshooting time, such as: the invention application with the application number of CN201910837470.6 provides an improved double-end traveling wave fault location method to quickly locate a fault point.
However, the method for positioning the traveling wave is influenced by frequent change of the power distribution network topology, and after the power distribution network topology changes, the accuracy of positioning the traveling wave is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the power distribution network has many users and complex wiring, most of topology data are manually input into a computer system at present, the accuracy is low, an effective checking means is lacked, and the traveling wave positioning precision is further reduced by the factor.
At present, the following methods are mainly used for identifying the topology change of the power distribution network: (1) the identification of the connection relation of the power grid lines is realized by manual opening and closing and manual field observation, and the method is clumsy, time-consuming and labor-consuming. (2) In the power line carrier communication technology, a handheld terminal injects pulse current into a line, and the topological change identification of a power distribution network is realized by receiving phase sequence information sent by a display host after detection and identification. Although the method can realize the identification of the topology change of the power distribution network, the pulse current signal needs to be manually injected each time, and the injected pulse current signal can also generate certain influence on the actual operation of the power distribution network.
From the above background, it is obvious that before a fault point is located by using a double-end traveling wave locating technology, it is necessary to identify whether the topology of the power distribution network changes or not, so as to reduce the influence of the topology change of the power distribution network on the traveling wave locating result.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for identifying topology changes of a power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one of the technical problems, the invention provides a power distribution network topology change identification method for optimizing traveling wave positioning, wherein a current traveling wave emission device is arranged at the first section of a line of a power distribution network, and a power distribution network terminal measuring device is respectively arranged at each detection node of the power distribution network; the current traveling wave transmitting device is used for generating current traveling wave signals, and the current traveling wave signals are transmitted through the power distribution network and finally reach the tail end of each line; and the distribution network terminal measuring device is used for collecting current traveling wave signals and recording the traveling wave head time of the detected current traveling wave signals.
Further, when each power equipment of the distribution network completes installation: establishing an initial matrix of traveling wave head time difference between equipment; the inter-equipment traveling wave head time difference initial matrix is used for recording the propagation time characteristics of the power distribution network line topology and comprises a first section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix and a tail end traveling wave head time difference initial matrix; injecting a current traveling wave signal into the first section of the line through a current traveling wave transmitting device, collecting traveling wave head time by each detection node, and calculating the difference value of the wave head time of adjacent detection nodes to form a matrix to obtain a first section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix; and calculating the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the traveling wave at the tail end through the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the traveling wave at the first section and the transmission characteristic of the traveling wave of the current to obtain the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the traveling wave at the tail end.
Further, when the line fails: preliminarily positioning a fault point, and identifying and verifying the topological change of the line; the line topology change identification and verification comprises fault point large-size side topology change identification and verification and fault point small-size side topology change identification and verification.
Further, the fault point large-size side topology change identification and verification is used for verifying whether the fault point large-size side line topology changes or not, and current traveling wave signals sent by the fault point are collected through all detection nodes on the fault point large-size side to obtain the large-size side fault traveling wave head time; respectively comparing the wave head time of the fault traveling wave at the large-size side with the traveling wave head time of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the time difference of the traveling wave head of the first section of traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is not changed.
Further, the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification is used for verifying whether the fault point small-size side line topology changes or not, and current traveling wave signals sent by the fault point are collected through each detection node on the fault point small-size side to obtain the small-size side fault traveling wave head time; respectively comparing the time of the fault traveling wave head at the small number side with the time of the traveling wave head of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the time difference of the traveling wave head of the tail traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the small-size side line of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is not changed.
As a more specific solution, the line topology change identification and verification is further started when a line enters a traveling wave in series or a switch is opened and closed, and is used for verifying whether the line topology changes.
As a more specific solution, the fault point is preliminarily located by a phase-to-amplitude ratio method or a traveling wave polarity method.
As a more specific solution, the detection nodes include a line end node and a line transmission node; the line end node is arranged on an end line, and the line transmission node is arranged on a transmission line.
As a more specific solution, the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the first-stage traveling wave is constructed by the following steps:
a1 current traveling wave transmitting device transmits a primary current traveling wave signal to the power distribution network;
a2 collecting current traveling wave signal by each detection node through distribution network terminal measuring device, and recording traveling wave head time T of detected current traveling wave signaliWherein i is a detection node label;
a3, calculating the traveling wave head time difference of two adjacent detection nodes according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
a4, constructing a first-section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix: a ═ T1-T2,T2-T3,T3-T4,…,Tn-1-Tn]And n is the total node number of the detection nodes, and A is an initial matrix of the time difference of the first-section traveling wave head.
As a more specific solution, the terminal traveling wave head time difference initial matrix is constructed by the following steps:
b1, reading the initial matrix of the wave head time difference of the traveling wave of the first section;
b2, substituting the initial matrix of the time difference of the first section of traveling wave head into a calculation formula of the transmission characteristic of the current traveling wave to obtain an initial matrix of the time difference of the tail end traveling wave head, wherein the calculation formula of the transmission characteristic of the current traveling wave is as follows:
and n is the total node number of the detection nodes, A is an initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the first section of the traveling wave, and B is an initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the tail section of the traveling wave.
As a more specific solution, the identification and verification of the topological change on the large-size side of the fault point is performed by the following steps:
c1, each detection node continuously monitors the power distribution network through the distribution network terminal measuring device;
c2, when the line has a fault, each detection node collects the current traveling wave signal sent by the fault point through the distribution network terminal measuring device and records the time for collecting the traveling wave head;
c3 primarily positioning the fault interval of the fault point in the power distribution network;
c4, collecting the time of the traveling wave head recorded by the large-size side detection node of the fault point to obtain the time of the large-size side fault traveling wave head;
c5, calculating the time difference of the wave head time of the fault traveling wave of two adjacent large-size sides according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
c6, constructing a large-size side fault traveling wave head time difference matrix: d ═ Tk+1-Tk+2,Tk+2-Tk+3,Tk+3-Tk+4,…,Tn-1-Tn](ii) a K represents the number of the detection node in the fault interval; d represents a large-size side fault traveling wave head time difference matrix;
c7, comparing the traveling wave head time difference matrix of the fault traveling wave at the large number side with the traveling wave head time difference of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the traveling wave head time difference of the first section; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is not changed.
As a more specific solution, the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification is performed through the following steps:
d1, each detection node continuously monitors the power distribution network through the distribution network terminal measuring device;
d2, when the line has a fault, each detection node collects the current traveling wave signal sent by the fault point through the distribution network terminal measuring device and records the time for collecting the traveling wave head;
d3 primarily positioning a fault interval of a fault point in the power distribution network;
d4, collecting the time of the traveling wave head recorded by the fault point small-size side detection node to obtain the time of the fault traveling wave head of the small-size side;
d5, calculating the time difference of the wave head time of the fault traveling wave of two adjacent small-size sides according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
d6, establishing a fault traveling wave head time difference matrix of the small number side: c ═ Tk-Tk-1,Tk-1-Tk-2,Tk-2-Tk-3,…,T2-T1](ii) a K represents the number of the detection node in the fault interval; c represents a fault traveling wave head time difference matrix of the small-size side;
d7, comparing the difference value of the traveling wave head time difference matrix of the fault traveling wave at the small number side with the traveling wave head time difference of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the traveling wave head time difference of the tail end traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is not changed.
As a more specific solution, the traveling wave head time difference between two detection nodes can also be calculated by the following steps:
e1 obtaining line length L between two detection nodesi,jWherein i and j are numbers of two detection nodes respectively;
e2, acquiring the transmission speed V of the current traveling wave signals between the lines;
e3 is represented by the formula:
and obtaining the traveling wave head time difference between the two detection nodes.
As a more specific solution, when a line fails:
if the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification both determine that the line topology is not changed, determining that the whole line topology of the power distribution network is not changed, and continuously executing fault point positioning;
if any one of the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification confirms that the line topology is changed, topology updating is carried out on the changed large-size side/small-size side, and after the updating is finished, fault point positioning is continuously carried out;
and if the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification both determine that the line topology changes, topology updating is carried out on the whole line topology of the power distribution network, and after the updating is finished, fault point positioning is continuously executed.
Compared with the related art, the method for identifying the topological change of the power distribution network for optimizing the traveling wave positioning, provided by the invention, has the following beneficial effects:
the invention realizes the identification of the line topology change by establishing the initial matrix of the traveling wave head time difference between the devices and utilizing the traveling wave signal generated by the device when the distribution network fails; according to the method, only one current traveling wave signal needs to be manually injected into the first section of the line after the distribution network terminal measuring device is installed, and then the distribution network topology change condition can be automatically identified when a fault occurs. If the distance between the line devices is known, the traveling wave does not need to be injected manually. Compared with the prior art, the invention does not need to repeatedly inject signals into the line, thereby influencing the normal operation of the line. Meanwhile, the method utilizes the characteristic that the distribution network faults occur frequently, so that whether the line topology changes or not can be frequently detected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a preferred process of a power distribution network topology change identification method for optimizing traveling wave positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in the method for identifying topology changes of a power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning provided in this embodiment, a current traveling wave transmitting device is arranged at a first section of a line of the power distribution network, and a distribution network terminal measuring device is respectively arranged at each detection node of the power distribution network; the current traveling wave transmitting device is used for generating current traveling wave signals, and the current traveling wave signals are transmitted through the power distribution network and finally reach the tail end of each line; and the distribution network terminal measuring device is used for collecting current traveling wave signals and recording the traveling wave head time of the detected current traveling wave signals.
Further, when each power equipment of the distribution network completes installation: establishing an initial matrix of traveling wave head time difference between equipment; the inter-equipment traveling wave head time difference initial matrix is used for recording the propagation time characteristics of the power distribution network line topology and comprises a first section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix and a tail end traveling wave head time difference initial matrix; injecting a current traveling wave signal into the first section of the line through a current traveling wave transmitting device, collecting traveling wave head time by each detection node, and calculating the difference value of the wave head time of adjacent detection nodes to form a matrix to obtain a first section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix; and calculating the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the traveling wave at the tail end through the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the traveling wave at the first section and the transmission characteristic of the traveling wave of the current to obtain the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the traveling wave at the tail end.
Further, when the line fails: preliminarily positioning a fault point, and identifying and verifying the topological change of the line; the line topology change identification and verification comprises fault point large-size side topology change identification and verification and fault point small-size side topology change identification and verification.
Further, the fault point large-size side topology change identification and verification is used for verifying whether the fault point large-size side line topology changes or not, and current traveling wave signals sent by the fault point are collected through all detection nodes on the fault point large-size side to obtain the large-size side fault traveling wave head time; respectively comparing the wave head time of the fault traveling wave at the large-size side with the traveling wave head time of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the time difference of the traveling wave head of the first section of traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is not changed.
Further, the fault point small-size side topology change identification and verification is used for verifying whether the fault point small-size side line topology changes or not, and current traveling wave signals sent by the fault point are collected through all detection nodes on the fault point small-size side to obtain the small-size side fault traveling wave head time; respectively comparing the time of the fault traveling wave head at the small number side with the time of the traveling wave head of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the time difference of the traveling wave head of the tail traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is not changed.
It should be noted that: the distribution network topology change identification method for optimizing traveling wave positioning is mainly used for carrying out distribution network topology identification on a distribution network before a fault point is accurately positioned by using current traveling waves so as to reduce traveling wave positioning errors. And the current traveling wave waveform data is acquired through a distribution network terminal measuring device of the distribution network power system. And a traveling wave acquisition module is arranged on the distribution network terminal measuring device. When a line fails, a current traveling wave signal is generated, and the signal is transmitted from a failure point to two ends and is transmitted to the whole line. The invention utilizes a distribution network terminal measuring device to collect traveling wave signals, extracts wave head time, and identifies whether distribution line topology changes or not by calculating the time difference of collected traveling waves among devices.
As a more specific solution, the line topology change identification and verification is further started when a line enters a traveling wave in series or a switch is opened and closed, and is used for verifying whether the line topology changes.
It should be noted that: according to the method, after the equipment is installed, only one-time current traveling wave signal is injected into the first section of the line manually to obtain the initial matrix of the time difference between the head of the traveling wave and the head of the traveling wave at the tail end of the line, and the traveling wave does not need to be injected manually in future. Meanwhile, the provided method can carry out one-time circuit topology verification when a circuit fails or a traveling wave is connected in series outside the circuit or a switch is switched on and switched off. The traveling wave is not required to be additionally injected for verification, and the verification on whether the topological structure of the power distribution network changes can be realized only by detecting the traveling wave.
As a more specific solution, the fault point is preliminarily located by a phase-to-amplitude ratio method or a traveling wave polarity method.
As a more specific solution, the detection nodes include a line end node and a line transmission node; the line end node is arranged on an end line, and the line transmission node is arranged on a transmission line.
As a more specific solution, the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the first-stage traveling wave is constructed by the following steps:
a1 current traveling wave transmitting device transmits a primary current traveling wave signal to the power distribution network;
a2 collecting current traveling wave signal by each detection node through distribution network terminal measuring device, and recording traveling wave head time T of detected current traveling wave signaliWherein i is a detection node label;
a3, calculating the traveling wave head time difference of two adjacent detection nodes according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
a4, constructing a first-section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix: a ═ T1-T2,T2-T3,T3-T4,…,Tn-1-Tn]And n is the total node number of the detection nodes, and A is an initial matrix of the time difference of the first-segment traveling wave head.
It should be noted that: after the distribution network terminal measuring devices are installed on the line, current traveling wave signals are injected into the line at the first section of the line by using the current traveling wave transmitting device, traveling wave head time Tn is extracted according to the traveling wave signals collected by each distribution network terminal measuring device of the line, n is the equipment number on the line, and the initial matrix A of the time difference of the traveling wave head of the first section of the fault point is calculated. The method can be obtained according to the transmission characteristics of the current traveling wave, and when the fault point is positioned at the tail end of the line, the initial matrix B of the time difference of the tail end traveling wave head can be obtained by derivation through a calculation formula.
As a more specific solution, the terminal traveling wave head time difference initial matrix is constructed by the following steps:
b1, reading the initial matrix of the wave head time difference of the traveling wave of the first section;
b2, substituting the initial matrix of the time difference of the first section of traveling wave head into a calculation formula of the transmission characteristic of the current traveling wave to obtain an initial matrix of the time difference of the tail end traveling wave head, wherein the calculation formula of the transmission characteristic of the current traveling wave is as follows:
and n is the total node number of the detection nodes, A is an initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the first section of the traveling wave, and B is an initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the tail section of the traveling wave.
As a more specific solution, the identification and verification of the topology change at the large number side of the fault point is performed through the following steps:
c1, each detection node continuously monitors the power distribution network through the distribution network terminal measuring device;
c2, when the line has a fault, each detection node collects the current traveling wave signal sent by the fault point through the distribution network terminal measuring device and records the time for collecting the traveling wave head;
c3 preliminarily positioning the fault section of the fault point in the power distribution network;
c4, collecting the time of the traveling wave head recorded by the large-size side detection node of the fault point to obtain the time of the fault traveling wave head of the large-size side;
c5, calculating the time difference of the wave head time of the fault traveling wave of two adjacent large-size sides according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
c6, constructing a large-size side fault traveling wave head time difference matrix: d ═ Tk+1-Tk+2,Tk+2-Tk+3,Tk+3-Tk+4,...,Tn-1-Tn](ii) a K represents the number of the detection node in the fault interval; d represents a large-size side fault traveling wave head time difference matrix;
c7, comparing the traveling wave head time difference matrix of the fault traveling wave at the large number side with the traveling wave head time difference of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the traveling wave head time difference of the first section; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is not changed.
As a more specific solution, the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification is performed through the following steps:
d1, each detection node continuously monitors the power distribution network through the distribution network terminal measuring device;
d2, when the line has a fault, each detection node collects the current traveling wave signal sent by the fault point through the distribution network terminal measuring device and records the time for collecting the traveling wave head;
d3 primarily positioning a fault interval of a fault point in the power distribution network;
d4, collecting the time of the traveling wave head recorded by the fault point small-size side detection node to obtain the time of the fault traveling wave head of the small-size side;
d5, calculating the time difference of the wave head time of the fault traveling wave of two adjacent small-size sides according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
d6, establishing a fault traveling wave head time difference matrix of the small number side: c ═ Tk-Tk-1,Tk-1-Tk-2,Tk-2-Tk-3,…,T2-T1](ii) a K represents the number of the detection node in the fault interval; c represents a fault traveling wave head time difference matrix of the small-size side;
d7, comparing the difference value of the traveling wave head time difference matrix of the fault traveling wave at the small number side with the traveling wave head time difference of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the traveling wave head time difference of the tail end traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is not changed.
As a more specific solution, the traveling wave head time difference between two detection nodes can also be calculated by the following steps:
e1 obtaining line length L between two detection nodesi,jWherein i and j are numbers of two detection nodes respectively;
e2, acquiring the transmission speed V of the current traveling wave signals between the lines;
e3 is represented by the formula:
and obtaining the traveling wave head time difference between the two detection nodes.
As a more specific solution, when a line fails:
if the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification both determine that the line topology is not changed, determining that the whole line topology of the power distribution network is not changed, and continuously executing fault point positioning;
if any one of the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification confirms that the line topology is changed, topology updating is carried out on the changed large-size side/small-size side, and after the updating is finished, fault point positioning is continuously carried out;
and if the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification both determine that the line topology changes, topology updating is carried out on the whole line topology of the power distribution network, and after the updating is finished, fault point positioning is continuously executed.
It should be noted that: as shown in fig. 2, in one particular embodiment, the large side refers to substation a to substation B; the small-size side is from the transformer substation B to the transformer substation A; when a fault occurs, the fault is isolated through an isolating switch pair, and the normal operation of the power grid is kept by using a tie switch; each mark point in the figure is a detection node, and as can be seen from the figure, a line tail end node is arranged on a tail end line, and a line transmission node is arranged on a transmission line; the detection nodes can monitor and record the traveling wave; by the method, the topological structure of the power distribution network can be quickly detected, and the fault positioning accuracy is further improved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A power distribution network topology change identification method for optimizing traveling wave positioning is characterized in that a current traveling wave transmitting device is arranged at the first section of a line of a power distribution network, and a power distribution network terminal measuring device is respectively arranged at each detection node of the power distribution network; the current traveling wave transmitting device is used for generating current traveling wave signals, and the current traveling wave signals are transmitted through the power distribution network and finally reach the tail end of each line; the distribution network terminal measuring device is used for collecting current traveling wave signals and recording traveling wave head time of the detected current traveling wave signals;
when each power equipment of the power distribution network completes installation: establishing an initial matrix of traveling wave head time difference between equipment; the inter-equipment traveling wave head time difference initial matrix is used for recording the propagation time characteristics of the power distribution network line topology and comprises a first section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix and a tail end traveling wave head time difference initial matrix; injecting a current traveling wave signal into the first section of the line through a current traveling wave transmitting device, collecting traveling wave head time by each detection node, and calculating the difference value of the wave head time of adjacent detection nodes to form a matrix to obtain a first section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix; calculating the time difference initial matrix of the traveling wave head of the tail end through the time difference initial matrix of the traveling wave head of the first section and the current traveling wave transmission characteristic to obtain a time difference initial matrix of the traveling wave head of the tail end;
when a line fails: preliminarily positioning a fault point, and identifying and verifying the topological change of the line; the line topology change identification and verification comprises fault point large-size side topology change identification and verification and fault point small-size side topology change identification and verification;
the fault point large-size side topology change identification and verification is used for verifying whether the fault point large-size side line topology changes or not, and current traveling wave signals sent by the fault point are collected through all detection nodes on the fault point large-size side to obtain the wave head time of the fault traveling wave on the large-size side; respectively comparing the wave head time of the fault traveling wave at the large-size side with the traveling wave head time of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the time difference of the traveling wave head of the first section of traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is not changed;
the fault point small-size side topology change identification and verification is used for verifying whether the fault point small-size side line topology changes or not, and current traveling wave signals sent by the fault point are collected through all detection nodes on the fault point small-size side to obtain the wave head time of the fault traveling wave of the small-size side; respectively comparing the time of the fault traveling wave head at the small number side with the time of the traveling wave head of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the time difference of the traveling wave head of the tail traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is not changed.
2. The method for identifying topological changes of the power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning according to claim 1, wherein the line topology change identification verification is further started when a traveling wave is serially connected to a line or a switch is opened and closed, and is used for verifying whether the line topology changes.
3. The method for identifying topological changes of power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning according to claim 1, wherein the fault point is preliminarily positioned by a amplitude-to-amplitude phase method or a traveling wave polarity method.
4. The method for identifying topological changes of power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning according to claim 1, wherein said detection nodes comprise line end nodes and line transmission nodes; the line end node is arranged on an end line, and the line transmission node is arranged on a transmission line.
5. The method for identifying topological changes of the power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning according to claim 1, wherein the initial matrix of the time difference of the head of the first-stage traveling wave is constructed by the following steps:
a1 current traveling wave transmitting device transmits a primary current traveling wave signal to the power distribution network;
a2 collecting current traveling wave signal by each detection node through distribution network terminal measuring device, and recording traveling wave head time T of detected current traveling wave signaliWherein i is a detection node label;
a3, calculating the traveling wave head time difference of two adjacent detection nodes according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
a4, constructing a first-section traveling wave head time difference initial matrix: a ═ T1-T2,T2-T3,T3-T4,…,Tn-1-Tn]And n is the total node number of the detection nodes, and A is an initial matrix of the time difference of the first-section traveling wave head.
6. The method for identifying topological changes of the power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning according to claim 5, wherein the initial matrix of the time difference of the wave heads of the terminal traveling wave is constructed by the following steps:
b1, reading the initial matrix of the wave head time difference of the traveling wave of the first section;
b2, substituting the initial matrix of the time difference of the first section of traveling wave head into a calculation formula of the transmission characteristic of the current traveling wave to obtain an initial matrix of the time difference of the tail end traveling wave head, wherein the calculation formula of the transmission characteristic of the current traveling wave is as follows:
and n is the total node number of the detection nodes, A is an initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the first section of the traveling wave, and B is an initial matrix of the time difference of the wave head of the tail section of the traveling wave.
7. The method for identifying the topological change of the power distribution network for optimizing the traveling wave positioning according to claim 6, wherein the identification and verification of the topological change on the large-size side of the fault point are performed by the following steps:
c1, each detection node continuously monitors the power distribution network through the distribution network terminal measuring device;
c2, when the line has a fault, each detection node collects the current traveling wave signal sent by the fault point through the distribution network terminal measuring device and records the time for collecting the traveling wave head;
c3 primarily positioning the fault interval of the fault point in the power distribution network;
c4, collecting the time of the traveling wave head recorded by the large-size side detection node of the fault point to obtain the time of the fault traveling wave head of the large-size side;
c5, calculating the time difference of the wave head time of the fault traveling wave of two adjacent large-size sides according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
c6, constructing a large-size side fault traveling wave head time difference matrix: d ═ Tk+1-Tk+2,Tk+2-Tk+3,Tk+3-Tk+4,...,Tn-1-Tn](ii) a K represents the number of the detection node in the fault interval; d represents a large-size side fault traveling wave head time difference matrix;
c7, comparing the traveling wave head time difference matrix of the fault traveling wave at the large number side with the traveling wave head time difference of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the traveling wave head time difference of the first section; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the large-size side line of the fault point is not changed.
8. The method for identifying the topological change of the power distribution network for optimizing the traveling wave positioning as claimed in claim 7, wherein the identification and verification of the topological change on the small-size side of the fault point are performed by the following steps:
d1, each detection node continuously monitors the power distribution network through the distribution network terminal measuring device;
d2, when the line has a fault, each detection node collects the current traveling wave signal sent by the fault point through the distribution network terminal measuring device and records the time for collecting the traveling wave head;
d3 primarily positioning the fault interval of the fault point in the power distribution network;
d4, collecting the time of the traveling wave head recorded by the fault point small-size side detection node to obtain the time of the fault traveling wave head of the small-size side;
d5, calculating the time difference of the wave head time of the fault traveling wave of two adjacent small-size sides according to the direction from the first section to the tail end;
d6, establishing a fault traveling wave head time difference matrix of the small number side: c ═ Tk-Tk-1,Tk-1-Tk-2,Tk-2-Tk-3,…,T2-T1](ii) a K represents the number of the detection node in the fault interval; c represents a fault traveling wave head time difference matrix of the small-size side;
d7, comparing the difference value of the traveling wave head time difference matrix of the fault traveling wave at the small number side with the traveling wave head time difference of the corresponding detection node in the initial matrix of the traveling wave head time difference of the tail end traveling wave; if the difference comparison exceeds a set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is considered to be changed; if the difference comparison does not exceed the set threshold, the topology of the line at the small side of the fault point is not changed.
9. The method for identifying topological changes of power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning according to claim 1, wherein the traveling wave head time difference between two detection nodes can be calculated by the following steps:
e1 obtaining line length L between two detection nodesi,jWherein i and j are numbers of two detection nodes respectively;
e2, acquiring the transmission speed V of the current traveling wave signals between the lines;
e3 is represented by the formula:
and obtaining the traveling wave head time difference between the two detection nodes.
10. The method for identifying topological changes of the power distribution network for optimizing traveling wave positioning according to claim 1, wherein when a line fails:
if the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification both determine that the line topology is not changed, determining that the whole line topology of the power distribution network is not changed, and continuously executing fault point positioning;
if any one of the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification confirms that the line topology is changed, topology updating is carried out on the changed large-size side/small-size side, and after the updating is finished, fault point positioning is continuously carried out;
and if the fault point large-size side topology change identification verification and the fault point small-size side topology change identification verification both determine that the line topology changes, topology updating is carried out on the whole line topology of the power distribution network, and after the updating is finished, fault point positioning is continuously executed.
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