CN110187235A - Distributed power line fault positioning system and method based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement - Google Patents
Distributed power line fault positioning system and method based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of distributed power line fault positioning systems and method based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, using distributed system architecture hand in hand, in the case where system non-stop layer main website, the multiterminal Redundancy Design makes when individual measurement point cisco unity malfunctions, system remains to the positioning for normally realizing failure, improves system reliability.Each independently operated range unit can be appreciated that the operating status and measurement result of other related devices, it may be verified that the measurement result of the present apparatus improves the positioning accuracy of the present apparatus, and can rapidly find out failure/abnormal nodes by being mutually authenticated.Again because may filter that and reject the bad data being affected to precision, further improve the measuring precision and accuracy using distributed system architecture of handing in hand.The practical velocity of wave of traveling wave caused by same type electrical lead or power cable real-time measurement this failure using fault point adjacent area, further improves the accuracy of positioning distance measuring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fault Locating Methods of power circuit, are surveyed more particularly to one kind based on traveling wave speed dynamic
The distributed power line fault positioning system and method for amount.
Background technique
10kV automatically closes up and power continuous line (Automatic blocking and Continuous
Transmission line) and cable refer to connection Along Railway two adjacent electric substations, distribution substations between important power transmission line
Road, the important task that station, load in section and signalling arrangement are powered along negative sense shoulder to shoulder.It and railway substation, common group of distribution substation
At the dedicated power supply system of railway.Railway self-closing through track is in complicated and changeable environment, is easier to occur various
The failure of type threatens the operational safety of railway maximum wherein being difficult to the permanent fault checked.It powers as railway power
The indispensable a part of system, it is high to the reliability requirement of power supply.Once self-closing perforation line failure, will be serious
The traffic safety of train is threatened, or even brings immeasurable loss to the life security of national wealth and the people.For supplying
The high self-closing perforation route of electric reliability requirement, urgent need find a kind of effective failure fast positioning method, timely, quasi-
It really debugs, restores railway power supply.
For the positioning of feeder line fault, domestic and international present Research is as follows:
(1) impedance method
Impedance method is one of electric system Fault Locating Method.When an error occurs, pass through the measurement of analysis circuit
Hold the voltage that measures and the magnitude of current calculate fault point to route survey end distance.The principle of the method is by measuring
Voltage and the magnitude of current, be calculated the reactance or impedance of this section of route, the reactance or impedance are again with the length of route at just
Than to realize fault location.This method principle is simple, and investment is less, is easily achieved in practice in engineering, and not by communication skill
Therefore the limitation of art receives the high concern of people.But its there is also by excessive impedance influences, accuracy is poor, error is big and
The weak disadvantage of adaptability, it is often more important that the precondition of this method is that route must be single uniform route, this just determines
Having determined this method can not eliminate that route medium wave resistance difference is larger and the discontinuous influence of bring velocity of wave, therefore, this method
Error is larger when for self-closing through track fault location.
(2) offline telemetry
Cable distance measuring has at present using offline telemetry, and offline telemetry is in the case where route power-off, by cable
The terminal of connector is unlocked, and injects high voltage pulse to cable, realizes ranging according to the reflected impulse of fault point.Offline telemetry
Greatest problem is: often some cables sintering failure is difficult to reproduce under the percussion of high-voltage pulse, causes such offline feelings
The fault localization failure of high-voltage pulse is injected under condition.In addition, repeatedly inject high-voltage pulse, can injure in cable insulate it is defective
Part influences the operational reliability and cable life of whole cable.
(3) S injection method
S injection method is when ground short circuit occurs using a certain phase of route, by being shorted primary side to route Injection Signal.This
When, the voltage transformer pt of failure phase can flow into the earth to one current signal of transmitting, the signal at grounding point from grounding point,
Then by track the signal be assured that failure betide which mutually and find out fault point, realize the positioning of fault point.It should
The shortcomings that method, is: flowing into strong and weak, the power smaller then signal related with the power of voltage transformer pt of the current signal of the earth
It is weaker, it is difficult to track；When excessive resistance is larger, due to the effect of distribution capacity, the electric current for flowing into the earth is caused to generate shunting, into
One step weakens the intensity of current signal；If producing electric arc at grounding point, the current signal for flowing into the earth will no longer have
Standby successional feature, thus be also difficult to track its trace, cause the method to fail.Therefore, this method is also not for self-closing
The good method of the fault location of through track.
(4) fault section searches method
Fault section, which searches method, mainly has measurement and communication using automation line feed terminals FTU, line feed terminals FTU
Function can detecte each block switch, the electrical quantity in outlet switch, the remote data measured then offered control centre,
Control centre is analyzed and is handled, so that it is determined that fault type and fault section, complete fault location.The disadvantages of the method are as follows
It can only judge fault section, error is larger, and precision is not able to satisfy actual requirement.
(5) traveling wave method
The principle of traveling wave positioning mode is: when line failure, capturing false voltage or electric current row at route survey end
Wave, to acquire fault distance, completes fault location by analysis velocity of wave and temporal information.The advantages of traveling wave positioning mode, is: solely
Vertical property is strong, not by the interference of the extraneous factors such as line parameter circuit value, structure；Positioning time is short, and traveling wave speed is close to the light velocity, Ke Yi
The calculating of fault distance is completed in short time；Measurement accuracy is high, and non-determined fault section, but directly determines failure point
It sets；It is at low cost, the large scale equipment for additionally putting into great number is not needed, convenient for being equipped with and using everywhere in route.According to positioning principle
And the extracting mode of travelling wave signal, travelling wave positioning method have single-end electrical quantity positioning mode and Two-Terminal Electrical Quantities positioning mode at present.
1. single-end electrical quantity positioning mode
When line failure, in certain one end of route, it is called measurement end, captures the initial traveling wave of failure and reflection
Wave, the difference for reaching the time of measurement point by calculating the two wavefront, so that acquiring fault point arrives the distance between measurement point.
2. Two-Terminal Electrical Quantities positioning mode
When line failure, the both ends of route are measurement end at this time, and receive the initial traveling-wave component of failure respectively,
The difference for arriving separately at the time of measurement end by calculating the two, to acquire fault point distance.The advantages of this method is: only needs
The initial traveling wave of failure is considered, without considering reflection and refracted wave.Therefore, this method is easier to realize, measurement result is also more
Add reliable.
Compared with single-ended traveling wave positioning mode, communicated when both-end traveling wave method needs the school GNSS with both ends, but to any route knot
Structure can reliable location.Arrival time of the both-end traveling wave method due to only needing to detect the initial wavefront of failure, so can avoid
Single-ended traveling wave method is unable to measure or back wave is not present due to leads to positioning failure because back wave decays to.Therefore, real
Existing reliable location need to generally use both-end traveling wave method.However, range error is generally directly proportional to line length, shorten fault section
Line length error can necessarily be reduced.From the point of view of both-end traveling wave Principal of Fix Calculation, the line length error the big, will lead to
Positioning accuracy is lower.If can shorten fault localization section, the decaying of travelling wave signal can also reduce with distortion degree,
This is also beneficial to the accurate detection of fault traveling wave wave head arrival time.Therefore, shortening fault section can improve to a certain extent
Positioning accuracy.
Identification for wavefront, the accurate detection of failure initial traveling wave arrival time are to realize that fault point is accurately positioned
One of key factor.Later period the 1990s, wavelet transformation are applied to the detection of fault traveling wave arrival time, and obtain
Certain application effect.Estimate compared to such as phase difference method, correlation method, method of derivation, matched filter and maximum likelihood before
Wavefronts detection method, the wavelet transformations such as meter show biggish advantage.Although wavelet transformation is when wavefront reaches
It carves context of detection and achieves certain effect, but this method does not have adaptivity, needs binding signal feature selecting suitable
Basic function and decomposition scale.
The spread speed v=c/n of electromagnetic wave in different media, wherein c is the light velocity, and n is the refractive index of medium；Therefore:
A) speed that electromagnetic wave is propagated in different media is different；B) dissemination and electricity of the traveling wave that failure generates in power circuit
The propagation of magnetic wave in the waveguide is similar, and it is more that spread speed will receive model, diameter, shape and clad of power circuit etc.
The influence of kind factor；C) power circuit is erected at field, and temperature change is big when operation, and because expanding with heat and contract with cold length change can occur for conducting wire
Change, this changes the variation that can be attributed to row wave speed during our survey calculation；D) row that different faults generate
Wave frequency spectrum may be different, and there may be dispersions in communication process, also will affect the measurement of velocity of wave.Therefore, in ranging process
In accurately measure traveling wave speed to improve ranging localization accuracy have vital effect.
In traditional traveling wave method positioning distance measuring system, velocity of wave used is directly often taken as the light velocity, or using setting
Empirical value, this may generate biggish position error in practical applications.Also benefit when the system having uses route external area error
Measure traveling wave speed with both-end travelling wave ranging system itself, due to transmission line parameter be it is varying with frequency, even if same line
Road, in different moments, its line parameter circuit value is also changing, and velocity of wave numerical value is not also identical.Therefore, although velocity of wave is measured in same route,
But it may be influenced by outside environmental elements so that the surveyed velocity of wave of different time generates certain error.Line is being carried out using traveling wave method
When the fault location of road, the influence of velocity of wave is eliminated using the time that the initial traveling wave of failure and fault point back wave reach bus, is had
Device then eliminate velocity of wave using the time that the initial traveling wave of failure, fault point back wave and opposite end bus reflected wave reach bus
Influence.Such method is due to having used fault point back wave or opposite end bus reflected wave, so when decay to can not for back wave
When measuring or back wave is not present, the reliability of positioning and positioning accuracy of such method are difficult to ensure.Also document proposes from phase
Adjacent line road measurement fault traveling wave velocity of wave, but when the conducting wire parameter of faulty line and adjacent lines is not identical, on two routes
Traveling wave spread speed is different.Therefore, this method equally can also generate uncontrollable position error.
In terms of current existing fault traveling wave wave velocity measurement method, conventional method or accuracy are poor or exist and make
With the limitation of condition.Therefore, the problem of how improving fault traveling wave wave velocity measurement precision is urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide it is a kind of support multiterminal hand in hand redundancy ranging,
Based on the distributed power line fault positioning system and method for traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, quickly and accurately realize that failure is fixed
Position, improves the power supply reliability of power circuit.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Distributed power line fault localization method based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, comprising the following steps:
S1: the multiple fault travelling wave ranging devices of distributed arrangement on power circuit are respectively arranged in power circuit
Mk-n、……、Mk-2、Mk-1、Mk、Mk+1、Mk+2、……、Mk+NAt point；
S2: ground connection or short trouble betide d point, and the traveling wave that failure generates successively propagates to M to the leftk、Mk-1、
Mk-2、……、Mk-nPoint, successively propagates to the right Mk+1、Mk+2、……、Mk+NPoint；
S3: it at the time of the fault travelling wave ranging device of each point detects that fault traveling wave reaches this respectively, is denoted as
Tk-n、……、Tk-2、Tk-1、Tk、Tk+1、Tk+2、……、Tk+N；
S4:Mk+1The fault travelling wave ranging device of point is according to its adjacent Mk、Mk+2Node failure traveling wave arrival time data, meter
Calculate real-time traveling wave speed V=LK+2/(Tk+2-Tk+1), wherein LK+2For Mk+1Point arrives Mk+2Power circuit length between point；
S5: fault point d distance M is calculated according to real-time traveling wave speed VkThe distance of point, fault point d distance MkThe distance L of pointd
=(Lk+1-V*(Tk+1-Tk))/2, wherein Lk+1For MkPoint arrives Mk+1Power circuit length between point.
During detecting fault traveling wave arrival time, the detection of fault traveling wave wave head is realized using wavelet transformation, is passed through
It is true according to the first modulus maximum position of wavelet coefficient for decomposing a certain scale of gained after carrying out wavelet transformation to traveling wave Aerial mode component
It makes the arrival time of the initial traveling wave of failure, the base letter of type and wave head feature the selection Wavelet Transformation Algorithm of power combining circuit
Several and decomposition scale.
Based on the distributed power line fault localization method of traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, further include a circuit types from
Learning procedure, the composition data of line midline cable type default first and the velocity of wave of all kinds of cables, form first generation route structure
Known location at data, and in the line is that system actively generates a simulated failure traveling wave, each fault travelling wave ranging device
Time for receiving the simulated failure traveling wave according to it, simulated failure traveling wave initial position calculate the node and simulated failure traveling wave
The composition of cable type between initial position forms second generation railway superstructures data；Hereafter, after line fault occurring every time,
Each fault travelling wave ranging device receives the time of fault traveling wave according to it, the initial position of fault traveling wave calculates it and works as time event
Hinder the composition of the cable type between traveling wave initial position, continuous iterative data completes circuit types self study.
Electric power is set to based on the distributed power line fault positioning system of traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, including distribution
Multiple fault travelling wave ranging devices on route, the fault travelling wave ranging device include wavefront inductive component, low pass
Filter, high frequency sampling A/D chip, high-precision time base module, microcontroller and communication interface hand in hand, the wavefront induction
The signal output end of component is connected by the low-pass filter with the sampled signal input of the high frequency sampling A/D chip, described
The clock signal output terminal of high-precision time base module is connected with the clock signal input terminal of the high frequency sampling A/D chip, the high frequency
The signal output end of sampling A/D chip is connected with microcontroller, and the microcontroller also passes through associated data Processing Interface connection hand
It shakes hands communication interface, by handing in hand communication interface and agreement is in communication with each other connection between adjacent fault travelling wave ranging device；
The microcontroller is equipped with recording traveling wave data saving unit, the quick detection unit of fault traveling wave, traveling wave speed
Dynamic measurement unit and fault traveling wave positioning unit, the recording traveling wave data saving unit is for recording and saving failure
The electrical quantity delta data of forward and backward process；The quick detection unit of the fault traveling wave is for detecting fault traveling wave wave head；It is described
Traveling wave speed dynamic measurement unit using the same type power circuit real-time measurement of fault point adjacent area, the secondary failure is generated
Traveling wave practical velocity of wave；The fault traveling wave positioning unit be used for according to recording traveling wave data, fault traveling wave detection data,
The specific location of traveling wave speed data calculating fault point.
The wavefront inductive component is current transformer.
The wavefront inductive component is the voltage sensor for being installed on step down side.
It further include that distant place data communication connects based on the distributed power line fault positioning system of traveling wave speed dynamic measurement
Mouthful, the distant place data communication interface is connected with microcontroller.
The low-pass filter is second-order low-pass filter.
The high-precision time base module is the time base module that clock synchronization is assisted with GNSS, by system clock and GNSS clock structure
At.
The microcontroller further includes a circuit types self-learning module, and circuit types self-learning module is default first
The composition data of line midline cable type and the velocity of wave of all kinds of cables form first generation railway superstructures data, and in the line
Known location be system actively generate a simulated failure traveling wave, each fault travelling wave ranging device receives the simulation according to it
The time of fault traveling wave, simulated failure traveling wave initial position calculate the cable between the node and simulated failure traveling wave initial position
The composition of type forms second generation railway superstructures data；Hereafter, after line fault occurring every time, each fault travelling wave ranging device
Time of fault traveling wave is received according to it, the initial position of fault traveling wave calculates it and when between time fault traveling wave initial position
Cable type composition, continuous iterative data, complete circuit types self study.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) present invention uses the fault location scheme based on multiterminal redundancy ranging, and independence is strong, not by line parameter circuit value, structure
Etc. extraneous factors interference；Based on traveling wave detector theory, locating speed is fast, can be completed in a short time the meter of fault distance
It calculates；Simultaneously as arranging electrical quantities measurement point at a certain distance using Distributed system design along self-closing perforation route, shortening
Fault section reduces the decaying of travelling wave signal and distortion degree.
Using distributed system architecture hand in hand, in the case where system non-stop layer main website, each independently operated ranging dress
Set the function in achievable distributed system, the multiterminal Redundancy Design make be when individual measurement point cisco unity malfunctions
System remains to the positioning for normally realizing failure, improves system reliability.Between each range unit by hand in hand communication interface and
Agreement carries out message intercommunication, and each independently operated device is made to can be appreciated that the operating status and measurement result of other related devices, can
With the measurement result of the measurement result verifying present apparatus of other related devices, the positioning accuracy of the present apparatus is improved, and can pass through
It is mutually authenticated and rapidly finds out failure/abnormal nodes.Again because using distributed system architecture of handing in hand, at the scene in operational process,
It may filter that and reject the bad data being affected to precision that the external disturbance instantaneously occurred generates, further improve system
Measurement accuracy and accuracy.
2) present invention measures arriving for fault traveling wave in the different location of route using multiple fault travelling wave ranging devices respectively
Up to the moment, row caused by the same type electrical lead or power cable real-time measurement this failure using fault point adjacent area
The practical velocity of wave of wave, to further improve the accuracy of positioning distance measuring.
3) present invention realizes the detection of fault traveling wave wave head using wavelet transformation, and the type and wave head of power combining circuit are special
Point selects suitable wavelet basis function and decomposition scale, further improves the detection accuracy that fault traveling wave reaches the moment.
4) multiple electrical quantities measurement points that the present invention is provided by transmission line online monitoring system, in the case where having CT,
Directly using CT capture fault traveling wave, without CT in the case where (platform changes), use voltage sensor (PT) detection transformer low voltage
The high-speed sampling of fault traveling wave can be realized to capture fault traveling wave, it is not necessary that primary equipment is transformed in the voltage of side, equipment investment compared with
It is few.
5) self-closing perforation route would generally pass through desolate and uninhabited place, these places may not have network, even without
Wireless signal, the uncertainty of safety problem and delay when the wireless communication networks organized by oneself can be to avoid using public network,
Improve the reliability of system communication.
6) present invention assists the time base module of clock synchronization using band GNSS, which can receive Beidou clock synchronization signal, and with
GPS etc. synchronizes the clock of each device using GNSS system, keeps clock when each device calculating speed consistent as auxiliary clock synchronization,
It ensure that the accuracy of multi-terminal system time, to ensure that range accuracy.Meanwhile each dress is coupled hand in hand by wireless network
Co-calibration clock is set, bad data is filtered, further improves system accuracy and stability.
7) present invention has circuit types self-learning function, presets the composition situation of a line midline cable as reason
By parameter, after line fault occurs every time, each fault travelling wave ranging device receives time, the failed row of fault traveling wave according to it
The initial position of wave calculate itself and when the cable type between time fault traveling wave initial position composition, continuous iterative data, no
The parameter of disconnected amendment cable type, completes the self-learning function of circuit types, so that the judgement that system constitutes line midline cable
It is more bonded actual condition parameter, the system of further improving judges the accuracy and reliability of the practical velocity of wave of traveling wave.In addition, each
The data of whole system circuit types can be obtained by self study for node, and mutually verification again can be into one between each distributed node
Step improves system line categorical data reliability.
8) present invention uses DMA direct memory access technology, and the hardware device of friction speed is allowed to link up, without
It will (otherwise, to buffer, then CPU be needed from source the document copying of each segment dependent on a large amount of interrupt loads of CPU
They are written back to new place, in this time, CPU is not just available for others work)；It therefore can
Data sampling is carried out with synchronous in fault location calculating process, solves the problems, such as the time interval of device continuous sampling, into one
Step improves system reliability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is position schematic diagram of the fault travelling wave ranging device of the present invention in power circuit；
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure block diagram of fault travelling wave ranging device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of low-pass filter of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described
Embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained under the premise of not making the creative labor belongs to what the present invention protected
Range.
Distributed power line fault localization method based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, comprising the following steps:
S1: as shown in Figure 1, the multiple fault travelling wave ranging devices of distributed arrangement on power circuit, are respectively arranged in electricity
M in line of force roadk-n、……、Mk-2、Mk-1、Mk、Mk+1、Mk+2、……、Mk+NAt point；
S2: ground connection or short trouble betide d point, and the traveling wave that failure generates successively propagates to M to the leftk、Mk-1、
Mk-2、……、Mk-nPoint, successively propagates to the right Mk+1、Mk+2、……、Mk+NPoint；
S3: it at the time of the fault travelling wave ranging device of each point detects that fault traveling wave reaches this respectively, is denoted as
Tk-n、……、Tk-2、Tk-1、Tk、Tk+1、Tk+2、……、Tk+N；
S4:Mk+1The fault travelling wave ranging device of point is according to its adjacent Mk、Mk+2Node failure traveling wave arrival time data, meter
Calculate real-time traveling wave speed V=LK+2/(Tk+2-Tk+1), wherein LK+2For Mk+1Point arrives Mk+2Power circuit length between point；
S5: fault point d distance M is calculated according to real-time traveling wave speed VkThe distance of point, fault point d distance MkThe distance L of pointd
=(Lk+1-V*(Tk+1-Tk))/2, wherein Lk+1For MkPoint arrives Mk+1Power circuit length between point.
The present invention measures the arrival of fault traveling wave using multiple fault travelling wave ranging devices respectively in the different location of route
Moment, traveling wave caused by the same type electrical lead or power cable real-time measurement this failure using fault point adjacent area
Practical velocity of wave, to further improve the accuracy of positioning distance measuring.
During detecting fault traveling wave arrival time, the detection of fault traveling wave wave head is realized using wavelet transformation, is passed through
It is true according to the first modulus maximum position of wavelet coefficient for decomposing a certain scale of gained after carrying out wavelet transformation to traveling wave Aerial mode component
It makes the arrival time of the initial traveling wave of failure, the base letter of type and wave head feature the selection Wavelet Transformation Algorithm of power combining circuit
Several and decomposition scale.The detection of fault traveling wave wave head, the type and wave head feature of power combining circuit are realized using wavelet transformation
Suitable wavelet basis function and decomposition scale are selected, the detection accuracy that fault traveling wave reaches the moment is further improved.
Based on the distributed power line fault localization method of traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, further include a circuit types from
The composition data of learning procedure, line midline cable type default first (for example, 200 kilometers of route overall length, preset cable in route
50 kilometers, 150 kilometers of overhead line) and all kinds of cables velocity of wave (traveling wave is different from the velocity of wave on overhead line in cable), formed
First generation railway superstructures data, and known location in the line is that system actively generates a simulated failure traveling wave, each failure
Traveling wave ranging device receives the time of the simulated failure traveling wave according to it, simulated failure traveling wave initial position calculate the node with
The composition of cable type between simulated failure traveling wave initial position forms second generation railway superstructures data；Hereafter, occur every time
After line fault, each fault travelling wave ranging device receives the time of fault traveling wave according to it, the initial position of fault traveling wave pushes away
Itself and the composition when the cable type between time fault traveling wave initial position are calculated, continuous iterative data is completed circuit types and learnt by oneself
It practises.
The present invention has circuit types self-learning function, presets the composition situation of a line midline cable as theoretical
Parameter, after line fault occurs every time, each fault travelling wave ranging device receives time, the fault traveling wave of fault traveling wave according to it
Initial position calculate itself and when the cable type between time fault traveling wave initial position composition, continuous iterative data, constantly
The parameter for correcting cable type, completes the self-learning function of circuit types, so that the judgement that system constitutes line midline cable is more
It is bonded actual condition parameter, the system of further improving judges the accuracy and reliability of the practical velocity of wave of traveling wave.In addition, each section
The data of whole system circuit types can be obtained by self study for point, and mutually verification again can be further between each distributed node
Improve system line categorical data reliability.
Correspondingly, the distributed power line fault positioning system based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, adjacent failed row
By handing in hand communication interface and agreement is in communication with each other connection between Wave ranging device, each fault travelling wave ranging device can be known
The relevant information (including terminal number, position, the fault traveling wave wave head arrival time detected etc.) of road adjacent end, each event
Position of failure point can be calculated according to the data of its own data and adjacent end in barrier traveling wave ranging device.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the distributed power line fault based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement
Positioning system is set to multiple fault travelling wave ranging devices on power circuit, the fault travelling wave ranging including distribution
Device includes wavefront inductive component, low-pass filter, high frequency sampling A/D chip, high-precision time base module, microcontroller and hand
The signal output end of knob communication interface, the wavefront inductive component passes through the low-pass filter and the high frequency sampling
The sampled signal input of chip is connected, the clock signal output terminal of the high-precision time base module and the high frequency sampling A/D chip
Clock signal input terminal be connected, the signal output end of the high frequency sampling A/D chip is connected with microcontroller, the microcontroller
Device also passes through associated data Processing Interface connection communication interface hand in hand, passes through between adjacent fault travelling wave ranging device and pulls
Hand communication interface and agreement are in communication with each other connection.
In the present embodiment, the wavefront inductive component is current transformer (in the present embodiment, using HLSR-P/
SP33 potline current mutual inductor, but protection scope is not limited to this) or it is installed on the voltage sensor of step down side, specifically
, in the case where having CT, directly using CT capture fault traveling wave, without CT in the case where (such as platform change), passed using low voltage
Sensor (PT) detects the voltage (3.3V) of step down side to capture fault traveling wave, and event can be realized it is not necessary that primary equipment is transformed
Hinder the high-speed sampling of traveling wave.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the low-pass filter uses second order Sallen-Key low-pass filter, together
Sample protection scope is not limited to this.
The microcontroller is equipped with recording traveling wave data saving unit, the quick detection unit of fault traveling wave, traveling wave speed
Dynamic measurement unit and fault traveling wave positioning unit, the recording traveling wave data saving unit is for recording and saving failure
The electrical quantity delta data of forward and backward process；The quick detection unit of the fault traveling wave is for detecting fault traveling wave wave head；It is described
Traveling wave speed dynamic measurement unit using the same type power circuit real-time measurement of fault point adjacent area, the secondary failure is generated
Traveling wave practical velocity of wave；The fault traveling wave positioning unit be used for according to recording traveling wave data, fault traveling wave detection data,
The specific location of traveling wave speed data calculating fault point.
Further, the microcontroller further includes a circuit types self-learning module, circuit types self study mould
The composition data of block line midline cable type default first and the velocity of wave of all kinds of cables, form first generation railway superstructures data,
And known location in the line is that system actively generates a simulated failure traveling wave, each fault travelling wave ranging device connects according to it
Receive the time of the simulated failure traveling wave, simulated failure traveling wave initial position calculates the node and simulated failure traveling wave initial position
Between cable type composition, formed second generation railway superstructures data；Hereafter, after line fault occurring every time, each failed row
Wave ranging device receives the time of fault traveling wave according to it, the initial position of fault traveling wave calculates that it rises with time fault traveling wave is worked as
The composition of cable type between beginning position, continuous iterative data complete circuit types self study.
Preferably, the high-precision time base module is the time base module for assisting clock synchronization with GNSS, by system clock
It is constituted with GNSS clock.Using the time base module with GNSS auxiliary clock synchronization, which can receive Beidou clock synchronization signal, and with
GPS etc. synchronizes the clock of each device using GNSS system, keeps clock when each device calculating speed consistent as auxiliary clock synchronization,
It ensure that the accuracy of multi-terminal system time, to ensure that range accuracy.Meanwhile each dress is coupled hand in hand by wireless network
Co-calibration clock is set, bad data is filtered, further improves system accuracy and stability.
Distributed power line fault positioning system further includes distant place data communication interface, the distant place data communication
Interface is connected with microcontroller, distant place data communication interface for realizing each fault travelling wave ranging device data transmission.
In the present embodiment, handed in hand communication interface and association between each fault travelling wave ranging device by wireless network in system
It discusses and realizes communication, can not be known by the cordless communication network of group certainly to avoid the safety problem and delay used when public network
Property, improve the reliability of system communication.
In addition, the present invention uses DMA direct memory access technology, the hardware device of friction speed is allowed to link up, and
Be not need to rely on CPU a large amount of interrupt loads (otherwise, CPU is needed from source the document copying of each segment to buffer,
Then they are written back to new place, in this time, CPU is not just available for others work)；Cause
This can be synchronized in fault location calculating process carries out data sampling, solves the problems, such as the time interval of device continuous sampling,
Further improve system reliability.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to described herein
Form should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be at this
In the text contemplated scope, modifications can be made through the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge.And those skilled in the art institute into
Capable modifications and changes do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should be in the protection scope of appended claims of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. the distributed power line fault localization method based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
S1: the multiple fault travelling wave ranging devices of distributed arrangement on power circuit are respectively arranged in power circuit
Mk-n、……、Mk-2、Mk-1、Mk、Mk+1、Mk+2、……、Mk+NAt point；
S2: ground connection or short trouble betide d point, and the traveling wave that failure generates successively propagates to M to the leftk、Mk-1、Mk-2、……、Mk-n
Point, successively propagates to the right Mk+1、Mk+2、……、Mk+NPoint；
S3: at the time of the fault travelling wave ranging device of each point detects that fault traveling wave reaches this respectively, it is denoted as Tk-n、……、
Tk-2、Tk-1、Tk、Tk+1、Tk+2、……、Tk+N；
S4:Mk+1The fault travelling wave ranging device of point is according to its adjacent Mk、Mk+2Node failure traveling wave arrival time data calculate real
When traveling wave speed V=LK+2/(Tk+2-Tk+1), wherein LK+2For Mk+1Point arrives Mk+2Power circuit length between point；
S5: fault point d distance M is calculated according to real-time traveling wave speed VkThe distance of point, fault point d distance MkThe distance L of pointd=
(Lk+1-V*(Tk+1-Tk))/2, wherein Lk+1For MkPoint arrives Mk+1Power circuit length between point.
2. the distributed power line fault localization method according to claim 1 based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement,
It is characterized in that: during detection fault traveling wave arrival time, the detection of fault traveling wave wave head is realized using wavelet transformation, is passed through
It is true according to the first modulus maximum position of wavelet coefficient for decomposing a certain scale of gained after carrying out wavelet transformation to traveling wave Aerial mode component
It makes the arrival time of the initial traveling wave of failure, the base letter of type and wave head feature the selection Wavelet Transformation Algorithm of power combining circuit
Several and decomposition scale.
3. the distributed power line fault localization method according to claim 1 based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement,
It is characterized in that: further including a circuit types self study step, the composition data of line midline cable type default first, and it is each
The velocity of wave of class cable forms first generation railway superstructures data, and known location in the line is that system actively generates a mould
Quasi- fault traveling wave, each fault travelling wave ranging device receives the time of the simulated failure traveling wave according to it, simulated failure traveling wave rises
The composition of cable type between the beginning dead reckoning node and simulated failure traveling wave initial position forms second generation railway superstructures
Data；Hereafter, after line fault occurring every time, each fault travelling wave ranging device receives the time of fault traveling wave, event according to it
The initial position of barrier traveling wave calculates itself and the composition when the cable type between time fault traveling wave initial position, continuous number of iterations
According to completion circuit types self study.
4. the distributed power line fault positioning system based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement, it is characterised in that: including distribution
The multiple fault travelling wave ranging devices being set on power circuit, the fault travelling wave ranging device include wavefront induction
Component, low-pass filter, high frequency sampling A/D chip, high-precision time base module, microcontroller and communication interface hand in hand, the traveling wave
The sampled signal input that the signal output end of wave head inductive component passes through the low-pass filter and the high frequency sampling A/D chip
It is connected, the clock signal input terminal phase of the clock signal output terminal of the high-precision time base module and the high frequency sampling A/D chip
Even, the signal output end of the high frequency sampling A/D chip is connected with microcontroller, and the microcontroller also passes through at associated data
Interface connection communication interface hand in hand is managed, passes through communication interface and the agreement phase of handing in hand between adjacent fault travelling wave ranging device
Mutual communication connection；
The microcontroller is equipped with recording traveling wave data saving unit, the quick detection unit of fault traveling wave, traveling wave speed dynamic
Measuring unit and fault traveling wave positioning unit, the recording traveling wave data saving unit are forward and backward for recording and saving failure
The electrical quantity delta data of process；The quick detection unit of the fault traveling wave is for detecting fault traveling wave wave head；The row
The row that wave velocity of wave dynamic measurement unit utilizes the same type power circuit real-time measurement of the fault point adjacent area secondary failure to generate
The practical velocity of wave of wave；The fault traveling wave positioning unit is used for according to recording traveling wave data, fault traveling wave detection data, traveling wave
The specific location of velocity of wave data calculating fault point.
5. the distributed power line fault positioning system according to claim 4 based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement,
Be characterized in that: the wavefront inductive component is current transformer.
6. the distributed power line fault positioning system according to claim 4 based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement,
Be characterized in that: the wavefront inductive component is the voltage sensor for being installed on step down side.
7. the distributed power line fault positioning system according to claim 4 based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement,
It is characterized in that: further including distant place data communication interface, the distant place data communication interface is connected with microcontroller.
8. the distributed power line fault positioning system according to claim 4 based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement,
Be characterized in that: the low-pass filter is second-order low-pass filter.
9. the distributed power line fault positioning system according to claim 4 based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement,
Be characterized in that: the high-precision time base module is the time base module that clock synchronization is assisted with GNSS, by system clock and GNSS clock
It constitutes.
10. the distributed power line fault positioning system according to claim 4 based on traveling wave speed dynamic measurement,
Be characterized in that: the microcontroller further includes a circuit types self-learning module, and circuit types self-learning module is pre- first
If the composition data of line midline cable type and the velocity of wave of all kinds of cables, first generation railway superstructures data are formed, and in route
In known location be system actively generate a simulated failure traveling wave, each fault travelling wave ranging device receives the mould according to it
The time of quasi- fault traveling wave, simulated failure traveling wave initial position calculate the line between the node and simulated failure traveling wave initial position
The composition of cable type forms second generation railway superstructures data；Hereafter, after line fault occurring every time, each fault travelling wave ranging dress
Set and time of fault traveling wave received according to it, the initial position of fault traveling wave calculate its with when time fault traveling wave initial position it
Between cable type composition, continuous iterative data, complete circuit types self study.
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