CN113219298A - Complex alternating current power grid fault current traveling wave numerical simulation method - Google Patents

Complex alternating current power grid fault current traveling wave numerical simulation method Download PDF

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CN113219298A
CN113219298A CN202110312376.6A CN202110312376A CN113219298A CN 113219298 A CN113219298 A CN 113219298A CN 202110312376 A CN202110312376 A CN 202110312376A CN 113219298 A CN113219298 A CN 113219298A
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node
traveling wave
branch
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CN113219298B (en
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张广斌
孙勇
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

The invention relates to a fault current traveling wave numerical simulation method for a complex alternating current power grid, and belongs to the technical field of simulation analysis and calculation of power systems. Firstly, reading each node and each branch data of an alternating current power grid, and numbering the nodes; and equating the multi-circuit lines, adding the fault points as newly added nodes, and writing a network topology matrix in a column. According to whether a traveling wave arrival node is a fault point or not, calculating the amplitude value of a catadioptric current wave, an incidence node, an arrival node, an incidence moment and an arrival node moment generated by propagation by adopting different catadioptric coefficients and traveling waves one by one according to a topological matrix, and setting time and amplitude as constraint conditions according to the fact that the limited amplitude can be observed in limited engineering time so as to realize rapid simulation of the current traveling wave; and acquiring all current traveling waves at the observation point, and successively superposing the current traveling waves on the observation node at each moment according to the arrival time to acquire the time domain current traveling wave waveform.

Description

Complex alternating current power grid fault current traveling wave numerical simulation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fault current traveling wave numerical simulation method for a complex alternating current power grid, and belongs to the technical field of simulation analysis and calculation of power systems.
Background
In the event of a fault or a necessary operation of the power system during operation, accompanied by an overvoltage condition, a fast transient calculation process is usually required, and particularly, a more accurate transient calculation process on the line, i.e., a traveling wave propagation process on the line, is required in order to reasonably verify the insulation level of the power equipment. With the increase of power demand, the proportion of multi-circuit lines is increased, the topological structure of the power grid is more complex, the scale of the power grid is increasingly large, and higher requirements are provided for the rapid calculation of transient overvoltage of the power system.
For the realization of the rapid simulation of the complex network traveling wave process, the current mainstream methods are generally the field actual measurement of the system, the physical simulation by using a Transient Network Analyzer (TNA) and the computer numerical simulation. The on-site actual measurement often brings harm to the normal operation of the power system and the electrical equipment; the method of adopting physical simulation is limited by the scale of the power system. In general, in conventional computer numerical simulation, models of various elements are established in simulation software and are further connected in sequence to form a topology of a target network, so as to establish a digital simulation model. With the improvement of the requirement of simulation sampling precision, the time required by simulation is prolonged, the enlargement of the network scale is limited, and the efficiency of simulation calculation is seriously influenced. Therefore, how to improve the generation efficiency of the complex network topology is necessary to further improve the computational efficiency of the simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a complex alternating current power grid fault current traveling wave numerical simulation method, and solving the problems of long time required by simulation software model building, overlong simulation time with high sampling precision and low calculation efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a fault current traveling wave numerical simulation method for a complex alternating current power grid comprises the steps of firstly, reading data of each node and each branch of the alternating current power grid, numbering the nodes, equating a multi-circuit line, adding a fault point as a newly added node, and writing a network topology matrix in a column; according to whether a traveling wave arrival node is a fault point or not, calculating the amplitude value of a catadioptric current wave, an incidence node, an arrival node, an incidence moment and an arrival node moment generated by propagation by adopting different catadioptric coefficients and traveling waves one by one according to a topological matrix, and setting time and amplitude as constraint conditions according to the fact that the limited amplitude can be observed in limited engineering time so as to realize rapid simulation of the current traveling wave; and acquiring all current traveling waves at the observation point, and successively superposing the current traveling waves on the observation node at each moment according to the arrival time to acquire the time domain current traveling wave waveform.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: and reading the network node and branch information, and numbering the network nodes according to the mode that the balancing machine is the maximum number of the whole network if no node is numbered.
The network node comprises: node name, node voltage class.
The way information includes: starting point and terminal point of branch, loop number circuit _ id of branch and total length L of branchlength(km)。
Step 2: setting traveling wave speed c, row index fault _ branch, fault position fault _ point (percentage), fault node number fault _ node, observation node number measure _ node of fault branch in branch information, and current traveling wave amplitude constraint YthresholdConstraint T with current traveling wave arrival timethreshold。
Wherein: the refraction and reflection coefficients at the nodes are calculated according to the wiring conditions at the nodes, and the refraction and reflection coefficients of the cross transmission of a phase mode and a zero mode are required to be set for the numerical simulation of the fault current traveling wave of the three-phase alternating current network. Y isthresholdAnd the current traveling wave amplitude is the minimum threshold value, and the current traveling wave smaller than the threshold value stops the catadioptric calculation. T isthresholdAnd the maximum threshold value of the incidence time of the current traveling wave is obtained, and the current traveling wave which is larger than the threshold value stops the catadioptric calculation.
Step 3: and applying faults and carrying out equivalence on the multi-loop branches, defining a topological matrix L, and writing the topological matrix L in a column.
Step3.1: and adding a fault _ node into the node data to serve as a newly added node, deleting the branch where the fault is located, and newly adding two fault branches containing the fault _ node.
The starting point of the newly added branch I is the starting point of the fault _ branch, the end point is the fault _ node, and the line length Llength_fCalculated according to equation (1).
The starting point of the newly added branch II is a fault _ node, the end point is a fault _ branch end point, and the line length Llength_fCalculated according to equation (2).
Llength_f＝fault_position*Lfault_branch (1)
Llength_f＝(1-fault_position)*Lfault_branch (2)
In the formula, Lfault_branchThe branch length of the branch in which the fault is located, Llength_fAdding the length of the fault branch containing the node fault _ node.
Step3.2: and judging the multi-loop line by the loop number circuit _ id of the ith branch, if the multi-loop line is a multi-loop line except for the fault _ branch, newly adding a node with the node number of n +2, and newly adding two branches containing the node n +2 into the branch data.
The starting point of the newly added branch I is the starting point of the double-circuit line branch, the end point is the node n +2, and the line length is the length of the double-circuit line branch.
And the starting point of the newly added branch II is the double-circuit line branch end point, the end point is a node n +2, and the line length is a positive number far smaller than 1 until all the branches are traversed.
Step3.3: the dimension of the initialization matrix L is (n + m +1) × (n + m +1), the diagonal element value is 0, and the non-diagonal element value is-1.
Wherein L (i, j) is a branch connecting the node i and the node jijThe length of the branch (L) is-1 if no branch connection exists between the nodes i, j, n is the number of the original nodes in the network, and m is the number of the circuit _ id in the network greater than 0. Branch-by-branchijInformation, filling the topological matrix L branch by branch according to the formula (3),
Figure BDA0002989899480000031
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002989899480000032
branch of branchijThe branch length of (2).
Step 4: defining a propagation time matrix T, and solving T according to the formula (4).
T＝L/c (4)
Step 5: defining and constructing a current traveling wave process vector Table (hereinafter referred to as vector Table), recording and storing the current traveling wave, wherein the vector Table construction process is as follows:
each row of the vector Table records and stores traveling wave information, which comprises a serial number id of the current traveling wave in the vector Table, an arrival node number node _ to of the current traveling wave, an ejection node number node _ from of the current traveling wave, an incidence moment T of the current traveling wave, an amplitude Y of the current traveling wave, a time delta T of the current traveling wave in a branch circuit, whether the current traveling wave is a calculated flag bit lag, wherein the calculated flag bit is 1, and the non-calculated flag bit is 0.
Step5.1: and initializing and filling the vector Table with the fault initial forward and reverse traveling wave information.
Step5.2: and judging whether the current traveling waves without refraction and reflection are present in the vector Table according to the flag bit value of the traveling waves, if so, ending Step5.3, and if not, completing the calculation of the reflection of all the current traveling waves and returning to Step 6.
Step5.3: and (3) processing the traveling wave incidence record which is earliest at the current incidence moment and is not subjected to refraction and reflection calculation, marking the processed traveling wave, and calculating the refraction coefficient alpha and the reflection coefficient beta of the current traveling wave reaching the node according to the formula (5). And calculating the information of the refracted current traveling wave and the reflected current traveling wave according to the formula (6) respectively according to the node _ to and the node _ from of the refracted and reflected current traveling waves generated by the traveling wave, and enabling the incidence time generated by the traveling wave to be less than TthresholdAnd the amplitude is greater than YthresholdThe refracted traveling wave or the reflected traveling wave is added into the vector Table according to the vector Table data format, and the calculation flag bit added into the traveling wave is 0.
Figure BDA0002989899480000033
In the formula, alphafIs the refractive index, beta, at the point of failurefIs the reflection coefficient, alphanodeRefractive index, beta, at non-fault pointsnodeIs the reflection coefficient, Z is the line wave impedance, RfIs the transition resistance at the fault point, and num is the number of outgoing lines at the node except the incoming line.
Figure BDA0002989899480000034
In the formula, YrefIs the amplitude of the generated travelling wave of the reflected current, YtransIs the amplitude of the resulting refracted current traveling wave, Δ T is the time required for the current traveling wave to travel from node _ from to node _ to.
Step5.4: return to step5.2 until vector Table is traversed.
Step 6: and extracting all incident, reflected and projected traveling waves at the observation node, and taking the opposite number of the amplitude of the reverse traveling wave.
Step 7: and sequencing the extracted traveling waves in an ascending order according to the arrival time of the traveling waves, accumulating the traveling wave amplitude values at the same arrival time, combining, and superposing according to the order of the arrival time to form a data pair of the arrival time and the amplitude value of the wave head. Can be used for forming current traveling wave waveforms.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, a topological matrix is directly generated according to the connection relation of the network, and the transmission process of the simulated traveling wave in the alternating current power grid is rapidly calculated according to the catadioptric principle of the traveling wave, so that the time-domain current traveling wave waveform at any observation point is obtained. In addition, the topological matrix can be suitable for equivalent processing of multi-circuit lines, and is larger than a complex large power grid without network equivalence, so that the time required by simulation is greatly reduced, and the simulation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary network topology of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plot of the measured point current waveform calculated by Bergeron method simulation;
FIG. 4 is a measuring point current waveform diagram obtained by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Example 1: in the network topology shown in fig. 2, the length of an L1 wire is 40km, the length of an L2 wire is 40km, the length of an L3 wire is 20km, the length of a 1-loop wire of an L4 is 30km, and the length of a 2-loop wire of an L4 is 50km, and the single-phase ground short circuit is simulated at a position 25% of the forward direction of an L1 line, wherein a measuring point is at a node 2. According to the network topology data, the current waveform observed at the node 2 after the network fault is numerically simulated by using the method of the invention. The calculation time and waveform conditions of the simulation of the method and the Bergeron method are respectively compared and recorded.
The method comprises the following steps, and the process is shown in figure 1:
step 1: acquiring node and branch information of a network, wherein the node information comprises: a node name; the branch information includes: starting name, end name, loop number of branch circuit, circuit _ id and total length L of branch circuitlength(km) and numbering the nodes, the network leg data is shown in table 1. Wherein: the number n of nodes of the network is 5, and the number m of the circuit _ ids larger than 0 in the network is 1;
node_start node_end Llength(km) circuit_id
2 6 40 0
2 3 40 0
2 4 20 0
2 5 30 0
2 5 50 1
table 1: network branch vector lis
Step 2: setting the traveling wave speed c to 2.9 x 10 x 5km/s and the transition resistance R at the fault point f100 Ω, the row index of the fault branch in the vector list is fault _ branch is 1, the fault position is fault _ point is 0.25, the fault node number is fault _ node is 1, the observation node number is 2, and the current traveling wave amplitude constraint Y is restrictedthreshold0.005 and current traveling wave arrival time constraint Tthreshold600us, 390 omega wave impedance Z;
wherein, YthresholdThe current traveling wave amplitude is the minimum threshold value, and the current traveling wave smaller than the threshold value stops the catadioptric calculation; t isthresholdThe maximum threshold value of the current traveling wave incidence time is used, and the current traveling wave which is larger than the threshold value stops the catadioptric calculation;
step 3: applying faults and carrying out equivalence on the multi-loop branches, defining a topological matrix L (hereinafter referred to as matrix L) and writing the matrix L in a column;
step3.1: and the node data additional node 1 is a newly added node, the branch where the fault is located is deleted, and two fault branches containing the node 1 are newly added. Calculating the line length to be 10km according to the formula (1) by taking the starting point of the newly added branch I as a node 2 and the end point as a node 1; calculating the line length to be 30km according to the formula (2) by taking the starting point of the newly added branch II as a node 1 and the end point as a node 6;
Llength_f＝fault_position*Lfault_branch (1)
Llength_f＝(1-fault_position)*Lfault_branch (2)
in the formula, Lfault_branchThe branch length of the branch in which the fault is located, Llength_fAdding the length of the fault branch containing the node fault _ node.
Step3.2: and judging the 5 th branch as a multi-loop by the loop number circuit _ id, adding a node 7 for the multi-loop except for the fault _ branch, and adding two branches containing the node 7 for the branch data. The starting point of the newly added branch I is a node 2, the end point is a node 7, and the line length is 50 km; the starting point of the newly added branch circuit two is a node 5, the end point is a node 7, and the length of the circuit is a positive number far smaller than 1. Until all branches are traversed. Equivalent results of the newly added fault line and the multiple circuit lines are shown in table 2;
node_start node_end Llength cID
2 3 40 0
2 4 20 0
2 5 30 0
2 1 10 0
1 6 30 0
2 7 50 0
5 7 0.0001 0
table 2: branch vector list after fault line and multi-loop equivalence
Step3.3: the matrix L dimension of the initialization (n + m +1) × (n + m +1) is 7 × 7, the diagonal element value is 0, and the non-diagonal element value is-1. And filling the topology matrix L according to the branch information of the table 2 by the branch according to the formula (3). As shown in table 3;
Figure BDA0002989899480000051
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002989899480000052
is a branchijThe branch length of (2).
Figure BDA0002989899480000061
Table 3: topology matrix L
Step 4: defining a propagation time matrix T and calculating according to the formula (4), as shown in Table 4;
T＝L/c (4)
Figure BDA0002989899480000062
Figure BDA0002989899480000071
table 4: propagation time matrix T
Step 5: defining and constructing a current traveling wave process vector Table (hereinafter referred to as vector Table), and recording and storing the current traveling wave, wherein the vector Table construction process is as follows:
one line of the vector Table records and stores traveling wave information, wherein the traveling wave information comprises a serial number id of a current traveling wave in the vector Table, an arrival node number node _ to of the current traveling wave, an ejection node number node _ from of the current traveling wave, an incidence moment T of the current traveling wave, an amplitude Y of the current traveling wave, a time delta T of the current traveling wave in a branch circuit, and a flag bit lag whether the current traveling wave is calculated or not, the calculated flag bit is 1, and the non-calculated flag bit is 0;
step5.1: respectively initializing and filling fault initial forward and reverse traveling wave information in the vector Table, as shown in a formula (5);
Figure BDA0002989899480000072
step5.2: judging whether a current traveling wave which is not refracted and reflected exists or not according to the flag bit value of the traveling wave in the vector Table, and if so, executing step Step5.3; if the current traveling waves do not exist, the retrace reflection of all the current traveling waves is calculated, and the Step6 is returned;
step5.3: and defining vectors temp and nodeid, and processing the traveling wave incidence record which is earliest at the current incidence moment and is not subjected to catadioptric calculation. Storing id of the traveling wave which has the earliest incident time and is not subjected to catadioptric calculation in Table in the vector temp, wherein the vector temp is equal to (1,2), and a cyclic variable i is equal to 1;
step5.4: the label of the Table (temp (1)) traveling wave is set to 1, the vector nodeid is stored in the node number connected to the traveling wave arrival node and not the current traveling wave incidence node, and the vector nodeid is set to (3,4,5, 7). Calculating a refractive index alpha and a reflection coefficient beta of the current traveling wave reaching the node 2 according to the formula (6); and calculating the information of the refraction current traveling wave and the reflection current traveling wave according to the formula (7) respectively according to the node _ to and the node _ from of the refraction and reflection current traveling wave generated by the traveling wave. The incidence time generated by the traveling wave is less than TthresholdAnd the amplitude is greater than YthresholdThe refracted traveling wave and the reflected traveling wave are added into a vector Table according to a vector Table data format, and the calculation flag bit added into the traveling wave is 0. Setting a circulation variable j to be 1 until traversing a vector nodeid;
Figure BDA0002989899480000073
in the formula, the refractive index alpha at the fault pointfAnd a reflection coefficient betafRefractive index alpha at non-failure pointnodeAnd a reflection coefficient betanodeAnd line wave impedance Z, transition resistance R at fault pointfNum is the number of outgoing lines at the node except the incoming line.
Figure BDA0002989899480000081
In the formula, YrefIs the amplitude of the generated travelling wave of the reflected current, YtransIs the amplitude of the resulting refracted current traveling wave, Δ T is the time required for the current traveling wave to travel from node _ from to node _ to.
Step5.5: return to step step5.2 until vector temp is traversed.
id node_to node_from t Y deltaT label
1 2 1 0 1 33.557 1
2 6 1 0 1 100.671 1
3 1 2 33.557 -0.6 33.557 0
4 3 2 33.557 0.40 134.228 0
5 4 2 33.557 0.40 67.114 0
6 5 2 33.557 0.40 100.671 0
7 7 2 33.557 0.40 167.785 0
8 1 6 100.671 1 100.671 0
Table 5: first forward and backward travelling wave propagation results of fault point
Step 6: extracting all incident, reflected and projected traveling waves at the observation node, and taking the opposite number from the amplitude of the reverse traveling wave, as shown in table 6;
Figure BDA0002989899480000082
Figure BDA0002989899480000091
table 6: extracted traveling wave at observation point node 2
Step 7: the extracted traveling waves are sorted in ascending order according to the arrival time of the traveling waves, the traveling wave amplitudes at the same arrival time are accumulated, the traveling waves are combined, the traveling waves are overlapped according to the order of the arrival time and are visually output, and the output result is shown in figure 4.
The use cases in calculation of the two simulation methods were compared and recorded, respectively, as shown in table 7:
Figure BDA0002989899480000092
table 7: comparison of results of two simulation effects
Table 7 compares the computation time and memory consumption of the two methods for the same network topology. In the aspect of time consumption of calculation, the average calculation time of the method is obviously less than that of a Bergeron method, and along with the enlargement of the network scale, the method has gradually obvious advantages in the aspect of saving simulation time; in the aspect of memory consumption, compared with the Bergeron method, the method of the invention obviously takes up more advantages of process memory, and the method of the invention has obvious advantages along with the increase of network scale. Comparing fig. 3 with fig. 4, the current waveform at the observation point obtained by the method is consistent with the simulation result waveform obtained by calculation by the bergeron method, and the effectiveness of the method is verified.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A fault current traveling wave numerical simulation method for a complex alternating current power grid is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, reading data of each node and each branch of an alternating current power grid, numbering the nodes, equating a multi-circuit line, adding a fault point as a newly added node, and writing a network topology matrix in a column; according to whether a traveling wave arrival node is a fault point or not, calculating the amplitude value of a catadioptric current wave, an incidence node, an arrival node, an incidence moment and an arrival node moment generated by propagation by adopting different catadioptric coefficients and traveling waves one by one according to a topological matrix, and setting time and amplitude as constraint conditions according to the fact that the limited amplitude can be observed in limited engineering time so as to realize rapid simulation of the current traveling wave; and acquiring all current traveling waves at the observation point, and successively superposing the current traveling waves on the observation node at each moment according to the arrival time to acquire the time domain current traveling wave waveform.
2. The method for simulating the fault current traveling wave numerical value of the complex alternating current power grid according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: reading network node and branch information, and numbering the network nodes in a mode that the balancing machine is the maximum number of the whole network if no node is numbered;
step 2: setting traveling wave speed c, row index fault _ branch, fault position fault _ point, fault node number fault _ node, observation node number measure _ node of fault branch in branch information, and current traveling wave amplitude constraint YthresholdConstraint T with current traveling wave arrival timethreshold；
Wherein: calculating the refraction and reflection coefficients at the nodes according to the wiring conditions at the nodes, and setting the refraction and reflection coefficients of cross transmission of a phase mode and a zero mode for simulating the numerical value of the fault current traveling wave of the three-phase alternating current network;Ythresholdthe current traveling wave amplitude is the minimum threshold value, and the current traveling wave smaller than the threshold value stops the catadioptric calculation; t isthresholdThe maximum threshold value of the current traveling wave incidence time is used, and the current traveling wave which is larger than the threshold value stops the catadioptric calculation;
step 3: applying faults and carrying out equivalence on the multi-loop branches, defining a topological matrix L, and writing the topological matrix L in a column;
step 4: defining a propagation time matrix T, and solving the T according to the formula (4);
T＝L/c (4)
step 5: defining and constructing a current traveling wave process vector Table, and recording and storing the current traveling wave;
step 6: extracting all incident, reflected and projected traveling waves at the observation node, and taking the opposite number of the amplitude of the reverse traveling wave;
step 7: and sequencing the extracted traveling waves in an ascending order according to the arrival time of the traveling waves, accumulating the traveling wave amplitude values at the same arrival time, combining, and superposing according to the order of the arrival time to form a data pair of the arrival time and the amplitude value of the wave head.
3. The method for simulating the fault current traveling wave numerical value of the complex alternating-current power grid according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step1, the network node comprises a node name and a node voltage level; the path information includes a branch start point, a branch end point, a loop number circuit _ id of the branch and a branch total length Llength(km)。
4. The method for simulating the fault current traveling wave numerical value of the complex alternating current power grid according to claim 2, wherein Step3 comprises the following specific steps:
step3.1: adding a fault _ node into the node data to serve as a newly added node, deleting a branch where the fault is located, and newly adding two fault branches containing the fault _ node;
the starting point of the newly added branch I is the starting point of the fault _ branch, the end point is the fault _ node, and the line length Llength_fCalculating according to the formula (1);
the starting point of the newly added branch II is a fault _ node, the end point is a fault _ branch end point, and the line length Llength_fCalculating according to the formula (2);
Llength_f＝fault_position*Lfault_branch (1)
Llength_f＝(1-fault_position)*Lfault_branch (2)
in the formula, Lfault_branchThe branch length of the branch in which the fault is located, Llength_fAdding the length of a fault branch containing the node fault _ node;
step3.2: judging a multi-loop line by using the loop number circuit _ id of the ith branch, if the multi-loop line is a multi-loop line except for the fault _ branch, newly adding a node with the node number of n +2, and newly adding two branches containing the node n +2 into branch data;
the starting point of the newly added branch I is the starting point of the double-circuit line branch, the end point is a node n +2, and the line length is the length of the double-circuit line branch;
the starting point of the newly added branch II is the double-circuit line branch end point, the end point is a node n +2, and the line length is a positive number far smaller than 1 until all the branches are traversed;
step3.3: initializing a matrix L with dimension of (n + m +1) × (n + m +1), wherein the diagonal element value is 0, and the non-diagonal element value is-1;
wherein L (i, j) is a branch connecting the node i and the node jijThe length of the branch, if no branch connection exists between the nodes i and j, the value of the element L (i and j) is-1, n is the number of the original nodes of the network, and m is the number of the circuit _ id in the network which is larger than 0; branch-by-branchijInformation, filling the topological matrix L branch by branch according to the formula (3),
Figure FDA0002989899470000021
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002989899470000022
branch of branchijThe branch length of (2).
5. The method for simulating the fault current traveling wave numerical value of the complex alternating current power grid according to claim 2, wherein the Step5 vector Table construction process comprises the following steps:
each row of the vector Table records and stores traveling wave information, wherein the traveling wave information comprises a serial number id of a current traveling wave in the vector Table, an arrival node number node _ to of the current traveling wave, an ejection node number node _ from of the current traveling wave, an incidence moment T of the current traveling wave, an amplitude Y of the current traveling wave, a time delta T of the current traveling wave in a branch circuit, and a flag lag whether the current traveling wave is calculated or not, the calculated flag is 1, and the non-calculated flag is 0;
step5.1: vector Table is initialized and filled with fault initial forward and reverse traveling wave information;
step5.2: judging whether the current traveling waves without refraction and reflection are existed in the vector Table according to the flag bit value of the traveling waves, if yes, then Step5.3 is reached, if not, then the re-reflection of all the current traveling waves is calculated, and then returning to Step 6;
step5.3: processing the traveling wave incidence record which is earliest at the current incidence moment and is not subjected to catadioptric calculation, marking the processed traveling wave, and calculating the refraction coefficient alpha and the reflection coefficient beta of the current traveling wave reaching a node according to the formula (5); and calculating the information of the refracted current traveling wave and the reflected current traveling wave according to the formula (6) respectively according to the node _ to and the node _ from of the refracted and reflected current traveling waves generated by the traveling wave, and enabling the incidence time generated by the traveling wave to be less than TthresholdAnd the amplitude is greater than YthresholdAdding the refracted traveling wave or the reflected traveling wave into a vector Table according to a vector Table data format, and setting a calculation flag bit of the added traveling wave to be 0;
Figure FDA0002989899470000031
in the formula, alphafIs the refractive index, beta, at the point of failurefIs the reflection coefficient, alphanodeRefractive index, beta, at non-fault pointsnodeIs the reflection coefficient, Z is the line wave impedance, RfIs the transition resistance at the fault point, and num is the number of outgoing lines except the incoming line at the node;
Figure FDA0002989899470000032
in the formula, YrefIs the amplitude of the generated travelling wave of the reflected current, YtransIs the amplitude of the generated refracted current traveling wave, Δ T is the time required for the current traveling wave to propagate from node _ from to node _ to;
step5.4: return to step5.2 until vector Table is traversed.
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