CN114635863A - Air cycle machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an air cycle machine, which comprises an expander part, a compressor part, a fan part and a rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft penetrates through the expander part, the compressor part, the fan part, a first radial bearing, a second radial bearing, a first thrust bearing, a second thrust bearing, a first bleed air pipeline and an air inlet channel; and the gas after passing the second radial bearing can be conducted to the suction port of the compressor section. The air circulator can effectively take away the friction heat of the high-speed bearing, improves the stability of a rotor system rotating at high speed, and can recycle the discharged high-pressure airflow to obtain the energy-saving effect.

Description

Air cycle machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of air cycle machines, in particular to an air cycle machine.

Background

An air cycle machine for a compressed air cycle refrigeration system has a rotor supported for high speed rotation by pneumatic bearings. The air friction heat between the bearing and the rotor needs to be removed in time, otherwise, after the heat is accumulated to a certain degree, the bearing is burnt out, and the air cycle machine cannot work normally.

Patent 201410083009.3 discloses a shaft diameter shaft with a sealing disk. The shaft diameter shaft needs to be engaged with another thrust bearing shaft to assemble the entire shaft assembly to conduct cooling gas. However, the assembly shaft has the problem of assembly precision control, and the machining cost and the quality control difficulty are improved due to the assembly requirement of the high-precision shaft. The seal disk provided on the journal shaft undoubtedly increases the complexity of the structure, increases the difficulty of assembly control, and increases the manufacturing cost of the prototype, because of controlling the flow distribution of the cooling flow. The cooling airflow is discharged to the fan blades and cannot participate in the working medium circulation of the air conditioning assembly, and the high-pressure airflow is wasted.

Patent 201110432497.0 discloses a thrust bearing shaft that functions as both a radial shaft and a thrust disc. The thrust bearing shaft needs to be combined with another shaft diameter shaft to form the whole shaft assembly for guiding cooling gas. However, the assembly shaft has the problem of assembly precision control, and the machining cost and the quality control difficulty are improved due to the assembly requirement of the high-precision shaft. The cooling airflow is discharged to the fan blades and cannot participate in the working medium circulation of the air conditioning assembly, and the high-pressure airflow is wasted.

Because the bearings of the air cycle machine in the prior art generate a large amount of heat, if the heat dissipation and cooling are not carried out in time, the bearings can be damaged, and the normal operation of the air cycle machine is influenced; for the scheme of cooling the bearing, the high-pressure airflow after cooling is discharged outside the system, and the technical problems of energy waste and the like exist, so that the invention researches and designs the air cycle machine.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the air cycle machine in the prior art cannot cool the bearing in a heat dissipation way and can reasonably utilize the cooled high-pressure gas, thereby providing the air cycle machine.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an air cycle machine including:

the rotary shaft penetrates through the expander part, the compressor part and the fan part; the air cycle machine further comprises a first radial bearing, a second radial bearing, a first thrust bearing, a second thrust bearing, a first bleed air pipeline and an air inlet channel, the rotating shaft is supported by the first radial bearing, the second radial bearing, the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, the first radial bearing, the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing are all arranged in the first bearing cavity, and the second radial bearing is arranged in the second bearing cavity;

one end of the first bleed air pipeline can introduce gas from an expansion cavity of the expander part, the other end of the first bleed air pipeline is communicated with one end of the air inlet channel, the other end of the air inlet channel is communicated with the first bearing cavity and used for conveying cooling air for cooling the first radial bearing, the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, a cooling channel is arranged inside the rotating shaft and can conduct the gas in the first bearing cavity into the second bearing cavity and used for conveying cooling air for cooling the second radial bearing; and the gas passing through the second radial bearing can be conducted to a suction port of the compressor part;

at least part of structure of a thrust plate is arranged between the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, one end of the air inlet channel is opposite to the thrust plate, and an air hole is formed in the thrust plate along the axial direction of the thrust plate.

In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the edge of the air hole and the rotating shaft is e, and the aperture of the air hole is d 5;

the outer peripheral surface of a shaft section of the rotating shaft, which is opposite to the first radial bearing, is a first shaft surface, the outer diameter of the first shaft surface is d1, e is more than or equal to d1/2, and the aperture ratio d5/d1 is 0.04-0.12.

In some embodiments, the cooling passage includes a first cooling passage, a second cooling passage, and a third cooling passage, the first cooling passage has one end communicating with the first bearing cavity and the other end communicating with the second cooling passage, the second cooling passage extends in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the third cooling passage has one end communicating with the second cooling passage and the other end communicating with the second bearing cavity.

In some embodiments, a bearing housing is included, the first bearing cavity being disposed inside the bearing housing, the air inlet passage opening in the bearing housing; the bearing seat is internally provided with a first sealing structure and a second sealing structure, the rotating shaft is assembled on the bearing seat through the second radial bearing, the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, and the first bearing cavity is positioned in a cavity surrounded by the bearing seat, the rotating shaft, the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure.

In some embodiments, a thrust plate is further disposed between the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, one end of the air inlet passage is opposite to the thrust plate, and cooling air enters the first bearing cavity from the air inlet passage and cools the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing respectively, and then reaches and cools the first radial bearing; and then enters the second cooling channel in the rotating shaft through the first cooling channel.

In some embodiments, cooling gas enters the second cooling passage and then passes through the third cooling passage into the second bearing cavity and cools the second radial bearing.

In some embodiments, a first gap is disposed between the first radial bearing and the rotating shaft or on the first radial bearing along an axial direction of the first radial bearing, and the first gap can conduct an airflow at one axial side of the first radial bearing to the other axial side of the first radial bearing.

In some embodiments, a second gap is formed between the first thrust bearing and the thrust disk, a third gap is formed between the second thrust bearing and the thrust disk, a fourth gap is formed between the first thrust bearing and the rotating shaft or on the first thrust bearing along the axial direction of the first thrust bearing, the air hole can conduct airflow on one axial side of the thrust disk to the other axial side of the thrust disk, and the first thrust bearing is located between the thrust disk and the first radial bearing.

In some embodiments, the compressor further includes a shaft sleeve, a partial section of the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and on a shaft section opposite to the second radial bearing, the second radial bearing is located on the outer periphery of the shaft sleeve, a sixth gap is formed between the second radial bearing and the shaft sleeve or inside the second radial bearing along an axial direction of the second radial bearing, and the sixth gap can conduct gas in the second bearing cavity to the suction port of the compressor section.

In some embodiments, the fan further comprises a fan base and a communicating cavity, the second bearing cavity and the communicating cavity are both arranged in the fan base, the communicating cavity is located on the periphery of the rotating shaft, one axial end of the communicating cavity is communicated with the second bearing cavity through the sixth gap, and the other axial end of the communicating cavity is communicated with the air suction port of the compressor part.

In some embodiments, a third sealing structure is arranged on the fan base, the rotating shaft is assembled on the fan base through the second radial bearing, and the second bearing cavity is located in a space surrounded by the fan base, the rotating shaft, the third sealing structure and the shaft sleeve.

In some embodiments, one end of the shaft sleeve extends to a position covering the third cooling channel, and a shaft sleeve hole is opened on the shaft sleeve at a position opposite to the third cooling channel, the shaft sleeve hole can conduct gas in the third cooling channel to the second bearing cavity, and the other end of the shaft sleeve extends to the inside of the compressor part.

In some embodiments, a second air-entraining channel is further disposed on the expansion casing of the expander portion, an air guide portion is further disposed on the expansion casing, a third air-entraining channel is disposed on the air guide portion, one end of the first air-entraining pipeline is communicated with one end of the third air-entraining channel, the other end of the third air-entraining channel is communicated with one end of the second air-entraining channel, and the other end of the second air-entraining channel is communicated with the expansion cavity of the expander portion.

In some embodiments, the first radial bearing and the second radial bearing are radial pneumatic bearings; and/or the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing are thrust pneumatic bearings.

In some embodiments, the number of the air holes is 2 to 12, and the air holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust disk.

In some embodiments, the thrust disk includes a first cylindrical section, a second cylindrical section and an inner cylindrical surface, the first cylindrical section is sandwiched between the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, one axial end of the second cylindrical section is connected to the first cylindrical section, the inner circumferential surfaces of the first cylindrical section and the second cylindrical section are of an integral structure, that is, the inner cylindrical surface, through which the thrust disk is integrally sleeved on the rotating shaft,

the outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft, which is opposite to the first cylindrical section, is a second shaft surface, the outer diameter of the second shaft surface is d2, the second shaft surface is in interference fit with the inner cylindrical surface of the thrust disk, the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical surface is d4, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft, which is opposite to the first sealing structure, is a third shaft surface, the outer diameter of the third shaft surface is d3, and d2> d4> d3 are provided.

In some embodiments, the second axial surface has an axial width w1, the inner cylindrical surface has an axial width w2, and has a width of 0.2 ≦ w1/w2 ≦ 1.

In some embodiments, the second cylindrical section of the thrust disk further includes an outer cylindrical surface, the outer cylindrical surface is engaged with the first sealing structure, the outer cylindrical surface is further provided with a groove, a depth of the groove in the radial direction is h, h is greater than or equal to 0.5mm, a width of the groove in the axial direction is w3, and w3 is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

In some embodiments, the first cooling channel has a hole diameter of D1, the second cooling channel has a hole diameter of D2, the third cooling channel has a hole diameter of D3, the outer circumferential surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft opposite to the first radial bearing is a shaft surface, the outer diameter of the shaft surface is D4, the end surface of the rotating shaft contacting the thrust disk is a shaft positioning surface, the axial distance between the cross section a-a at the position of the first cooling channel and the shaft positioning surface is L1, the axial distance between the cross section B-B at the position of the third cooling channel and the shaft positioning surface is L2, and D3D 1 is provided, and the hole diameter ratio D1/D4 is 0.05-0.2, and the hole diameter ratio D3/D4 is 0.2-0.5.

In some embodiments, L1/D4 is 1.1-1.8, and L2/D4 is 6.5-7.5.

In some embodiments, the first cooling passage extends in a radial direction of the rotating shaft, and the third cooling passage extends in the radial direction of the rotating shaft; and/or, first cooling channel is a plurality of, and is a plurality of first cooling channel is followed the circumferential direction interval arrangement of pivot, third cooling channel is a plurality of, and is a plurality of third cooling channel is followed the circumferential direction interval arrangement of pivot.

In some embodiments, when the first cooling channel is plural and the third cooling channel is plural, the number of the first cooling channel is 2 to 12, and the number of the third cooling channel is 2 to 12.

The air cycle machine provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the air cycle machine, the two bearing cavities for accommodating the bearing devices are designed, the air guide pipeline is arranged to enable the air guide pipeline to be connected with the expansion cavity (inlet cavity) of the expansion machine part, low-temperature gas at the suction inlet of the expansion machine can be introduced through the air inlet channel and enters the first bearing cavity to cool the first thrust bearing, the second thrust bearing and the first radial bearing, after cooling, the gas can be effectively conducted into the second bearing cavity through the cooling channel arranged in the rotating shaft and used for cooling the second radial bearing, cooling air flow is in direct contact with the bearing devices needing cooling, a large amount of heat of the bearing devices is taken away, the cooling effect on the bearings is effectively improved, and the heat dissipation capacity is enhanced; meanwhile, the other end of the second bearing cavity is communicated to the air suction port of the compressor part, so that gas which cools the bearing in the first bearing cavity and the second bearing cavity in sequence can be guided into the air suction port of the compressor part, the temperature of the gas at the air suction port of the compressor is increased, the air suction superheat degree is improved, the compression capacity is improved, the energy efficiency of the air cycle machine is improved, and the energy-saving effect is improved; and prevent liquid hammer; therefore, the air circulator can effectively take away the friction heat of the high-speed bearing, improve the stability of a rotor system rotating at high speed, and simultaneously recycle the discharged high-pressure airflow to obtain the energy-saving effect; in addition, the size relation e is larger than or equal to d1/2, so that the airflow can flow more smoothly, and the aperture ratio d5/d1 is 0.04-0.12, so that the rigidity of the thrust disc can be effectively improved, and the flow loss of cooling fluid can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an air cycle machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 1a is a partial enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 1B is a partial enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an air cycle machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an internal cooling flow path of an air cycle machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotary shaft configuration of the air cycle machine of the present invention;

FIG. 4a is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of a thrust plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5a is a top view of FIG. 5;

fig. 5b is a cross-sectional view C-C of fig. 5 a.

The reference numerals are represented as:

100. an expander section; 200. a compressor section; 201. an air suction port; 300. a fan section; t01, expander inlet; t02, expander outlet; c01, compressor inlet; c02, compressor outlet; f01, a fan blade air inlet; f02, a fan blade air outlet; z01, rotor system;

01. an expansion shell; 0101. a second bleed air passage; 02. an air guide part; 0201. a third bleed air passage; 03. a first bleed air line; 04. a bearing seat; 0401. an air intake passage; 0501. a first thrust bearing; 0502. a second thrust bearing; 06. a first seal structure; 07. a thrust plate; 0701. air holes; 0702. an inner cylindrical surface; 0703. a thrust plate locating surface; 0704. an outer cylindrical surface; 0705. a groove; 08. a first radial bearing; 09. a rotating shaft; 0901. a first cooling channel; 0902. a second cooling channel; 0903. a third cooling channel; 0904. a first axial surface; 0905. a shaft locating surface; 0906. a second axial surface; 0907. a third axial surface; 10. a second seal structure; 11. a shaft sleeve; 1101. a shaft sleeve hole; 12. a part; 13. a third seal structure; 14. a fan base; 15. a second radial bearing; q1, a first bearing cavity; q2, a second bearing cavity; 26. a communicating chamber.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air cycle machine including:

the air conditioner comprises an expander part 100, a compressor part 200, a fan part 300 and a rotating shaft 09, wherein the rotating shaft 09 penetrates through the expander part 100, the compressor part 200 and the fan part 300; the air cycle machine further includes a first radial bearing 08, a second radial bearing 15, first and second thrust bearings 0501 and 0502, a first bleed air line 03, and an air intake channel 0401, the rotating shaft 09 is supported by the first and second radial bearings 08 and 15, the first and second thrust bearings 0501 and 0502, the first and second radial bearings 08 and 0501 and 0502 are disposed in the first bearing cavity q1, and the second radial bearing 15 is disposed in the second bearing cavity q 2;

the first bleed air line 03 is capable of introducing gas from the expansion chamber of the expander section 100 at one end and communicates with one end of the air inlet channel 0401 at the other end, the air inlet channel 0401 communicates with the first bearing chamber q1 at the other end for supplying cooling air for cooling the first radial bearing 08, the first thrust bearing 0501, and the second thrust bearing 0502, and a cooling channel is provided inside the rotary shaft 09 and is capable of conducting the gas in the first bearing chamber q1 to the second bearing chamber q2 for supplying cooling air for cooling the second radial bearing 15; and the gas passing through the second radial bearing 15 can be conducted to the suction port 201 of the compressor part 200;

at least a part of the thrust plate 07 is disposed between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502 (at least a part of the structure means that the thrust plate can be completely located between the first and second thrust bearings, or a part of the thrust plate can be located between the first and second thrust bearings, and the other part is not located between the first and second thrust bearings), one end of the air inlet passage 0401 is opposite to the thrust plate 07, and the thrust plate 07 is provided with an air hole 0701 along the axial direction thereof.

According to the air cycle machine, the two bearing cavities for accommodating the bearing devices are designed, the air guide pipeline is arranged to enable the air guide pipeline to be connected with the expansion cavity (inlet cavity) of the expansion machine part, low-temperature gas at the suction port of the expansion machine can be introduced through the air inlet channel and enters the first bearing cavity to perform cooling action on the first thrust bearing, the second thrust bearing and the first radial bearing, the gas can be effectively conducted into the second bearing cavity through the cooling channel formed in the rotating shaft after being cooled, the cooling gas flow is directly contacted with the bearing devices needing cooling, a large amount of heat of the bearing devices is taken away, the cooling effect on the bearings is effectively improved, and the heat dissipation capacity is enhanced; meanwhile, the other end of the second bearing cavity is communicated to the air suction port of the compressor part, so that gas which cools the bearing in the first bearing cavity and the second bearing cavity in sequence can be guided into the air suction port of the compressor part, the temperature of the gas at the air suction port of the compressor is increased, the air suction superheat degree is improved, the compression capacity is improved, the energy efficiency of the air cycle machine is improved, and the energy-saving effect is improved; and prevent liquid hammer; therefore, the air cycle machine can effectively take away the friction heat of the high-speed bearing, improves the stability of a rotor system rotating at high speed, and can recycle the discharged high-pressure airflow to obtain the energy-saving effect.

In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the edge of the air hole 0701 and the rotating shaft 09 is e, and the aperture of the air hole 0701 is d 5;

the outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft 09, which is opposite to the first radial bearing 08, is a first shaft surface 0904, the outer diameter of the first shaft surface 0904 is d1, e is larger than or equal to d1/2, and the aperture ratio d5/d1 is 0.04-0.12. According to the invention, the airflow can flow more smoothly by setting the size relation e to be more than or equal to d1/2, and the aperture ratio d5/d1 is set to be 0.04-0.12, so that the rigidity of the thrust disc can be effectively improved, and the flow loss of cooling fluid can be reduced.

The air holes 0701 of the thrust plate are parallel to the direction of the rotating shaft, and the distance between the edge of the air holes 0701 of the thrust plate and the rotating shaft is e (mm). The first shaft surface 0904 has a diameter d1 (mm). To ensure smooth flow, e is larger than or equal to d 1/2. Air holes 0701 of the thrust plate are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the number of the air holes is 2-12. Too many holes weaken the strength of the shaft, too few holes make it difficult to secure the flow area, and the number of holes is preferably 8. The air hole 0701 of the thrust plate has a diameter d5 (mm). The aperture ratio d5/d1 is 0.04-0.12, preferably d5/d1 is 0.08, by comprehensively considering the rigidity of the thrust plate and the flow loss of the cooling fluid; the aperture ratio is small, the rigidity of a thrust disc of the rotor shaft is high, but the flow loss of cooling fluid is large; the aperture ratio takes a large value, the flow loss of the cooling fluid is small, but the rigidity of the thrust disk is low.

1. The invention provides an air circulator, which is provided with a pneumatic bearing cooling function.

2. The invention provides a pneumatic bearing cooling flow path, which guides cooling gas to cool a bearing under the action of pressure difference.

3. The invention provides a whole-section hollow shaft, which realizes the flow guide of cooling gas in the shaft.

1. The cooling flow path effectively takes away the friction heat of the high-speed bearing, improves the reliability of a rotor system rotating at high speed, and effectively solves the technical problem of cooling the pneumatic bearing of the air cycle machine.

2. According to the invention, the rotor shaft is provided with the group of air inlets, the problem of distribution of bearing cooling flow is not considered, all cooling flows are ensured to cool each bearing in sequence, and the problem of flow distribution related to cooling of a plurality of bearings can be effectively solved.

3. The cooling flow is finally introduced into the air suction port of the compressor to participate in air circulation of the air conditioning assembly, waste of high-pressure air flow is avoided, an energy-saving effect is achieved, and the problem of waste of the high-pressure air flow caused by the fact that the air flow after the bearing is cooled is discharged outside the air conditioning assembly is effectively solved.

4. The invention adopts the whole section of hollow shaft, not only can realize the diversion of the cooling flow, but also avoids the problem of low assembly precision of the multi-section shaft and solves the problem of low assembly precision of the multi-section shaft.

As shown in fig. 2. The rotary power of rotor system Z01 comes from the expansion work of gas, the gas flows into the inlet T01 of the expansion machine and expands to do work, the temperature of the gas after doing work is reduced, the low temperature gas flows out from the outlet T02 of the expansion machine and is delivered to the area needing refrigeration. The work of expansion drives the rotor system Z01 to rotate, and the compression impeller on the rotor system Z01 draws in gas from the compressor inlet C01, compresses it and discharges it from the compressor outlet C02. Meanwhile, the blades on the rotor system Z01 suck air from the blade air inlet F01 and discharge the air from the blade air outlet F02 to drive the air.

As shown in fig. 2. The rotor system Z01 is supported in the radial direction by a first radial bearing 08 and a second radial bearing 15 (preferably pneumatic bearings), and the rotor system Z01 is supported in the axial direction by a first thrust bearing 0501 and a second thrust bearing 0502 (preferably pneumatic bearings).

As shown in fig. 2. At the inlet of the expansion housing 01, a second bleed air passage 0101 is provided. A third bleed air channel 0201 is arranged on the air guide 02. The third bleed air channel 0201 is connected to the second bleed air channel 0101. The pipe (first air introduction line 03) is integrally assembled with the air guide 02. The first air guiding pipe 03 is communicated with the air guiding part 02. An air inlet channel 0401 is arranged in the bearing block 04, and the air inlet channel 0401 communicates with the first bleed air line 03.

In some embodiments, the cooling passages include a first cooling passage 0901, a second cooling passage 0902, and a third cooling passage 0903, the first cooling passage 0901 having one end communicating with the first bearing cavity q1 and the other end communicating with the second cooling passage 0902, the second cooling passage 0902 extending in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 09, and the third cooling passage 0903 having one end communicating with one end of the second cooling passage 0902 and the other end communicating with the second bearing cavity q 2. This is a preferred design of the cooling channel according to the invention, i.e. cooling gas can be introduced from the first bearing chamber through the first cooling channel and into the second cooling channel, which extends in the axial direction to conduct the gas to the third cooling channel, which leads the cooling gas out into the second bearing chamber, so that an effective transfer of cooling gas is achieved, while cooling 3 bearings in the first bearing chamber and 1 bearing in the second bearing chamber.

In some embodiments, comprising a bearing housing 04, said first bearing cavity q1 is provided inside said bearing housing 04, said air intake channel 0401 opens on said bearing housing 04; a first sealing structure 06 and a second sealing structure 10 are arranged in the bearing seat 04, the rotating shaft 09 is assembled on the bearing seat 04 through the first radial bearing 08, the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502, and the first bearing cavity q1 is positioned in a cavity surrounded by the bearing seat 04, the rotating shaft 09, the first sealing structure 06 and the second sealing structure 10. This is a further preferred form of construction of the air cycle machine of the present invention in which the bearing housing is adapted to support a plurality of bearings (including the first and second thrust bearings and the first radial bearing), and in which the present invention provides for cooling of the plurality of bearings by providing a first bearing cavity in the bearing housing and an air inlet passage in the bearing housing, whereby cooling air in the expansion chamber can be efficiently introduced into the first bearing cavity.

In some embodiments, a thrust plate 07 is further disposed between the first and second thrust bearings 0501 and 0502, one end of the air inlet channel 0401 is opposite to the thrust plate 07, and cooling gas enters the first bearing chamber q1 from the air inlet channel 0401 and cools the first and second thrust bearings 0501 and 0502, respectively, and then reaches and cools the first radial bearing 08; and then enters the second cooling passage 0902 inside the rotating shaft 09 through the first cooling passage 0901. The thrust plate structure arranged between the two thrust bearings can perform thrust action on the two directions of the rotating shaft together with the two thrust bearings, and the air inlet channel is opposite to the thrust plate, so that cooling air entering the first bearing cavity can respectively cool the two thrust bearings, and then further cools the first radial bearing, and the effect of effectively cooling the three bearings is realized.

As shown in fig. 1. The bearing block 04, the first seal structure 06, the second seal structure 10 and the rotating shaft 09 form a cavity (i.e., a first bearing cavity q1), and the first bearing cavity q1 accommodates the first radial bearing 08, the first thrust bearing 0501, the second thrust bearing 0502 and the thrust plate 07.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the air flow 1 drawn out from the expansion casing 01 flows into the first bearing chamber q1 through the second bleed air passage 0101, the third bleed air passage 0201, the air guide 02, and the air intake passage 0401 in this order. Gas stream 1 is split into two parts, gas stream 11 and gas stream 12. The air stream 11 flows through the gap between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the thrust plate 07 and carries away heat generated by the friction between the thrust plate 07 and the first thrust bearing 0501. The air stream 12 flows through the gap between the second thrust bearing 0502 and the thrust plate 07 and carries away the heat generated by the friction between the thrust plate 07 and the second thrust bearing 0502. The air flow 12 passes through the air holes (air holes 0701) of the thrust disc and then is merged with the air flow 11 to form an air flow 2, and the air flow flows through the gap between the first radial bearing 08 and the rotating shaft 09 to carry away heat generated by mutual friction between the first radial bearing 08 and the rotating shaft 09. The gas flows 2 flow through the first cooling passage 0901 and merge into gas flow 3 within the second cooling passage 0902.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3. The fan base 14, the third sealing structure 13, the element 12 and the shaft sleeve 11 form a cavity (a second bearing cavity q2), and the cavity q2 accommodates the second radial bearing 15. The air flow 3 in the shaft inner hole (second cooling passage 0902) flows into the cavity q2 through the shaft hole (third cooling passage 0903) and the sleeve hole 1101 in this order. The air flow then passes through the gap between the second radial bearing 15 and the sleeve 11, carrying away frictional heat. Finally, the air flow is sucked by the compressor and enters a subsequent cycle.

In some embodiments, cooling gas enters the second cooling passage 0902 and then enters the second bearing cavity q2 through the third cooling passage 0903 and cools the second radial bearing 15. According to the invention, the cooling gas after cooling the first radial bearing can be conducted into the second bearing cavity through the second cooling channel and the third cooling channel in the rotating shaft, so that the effect and effect of cooling the second radial bearing are effectively achieved, the problem of distribution of cooling flow of the bearings is not considered, and all the cooling flow is ensured to sequentially cool each bearing.

In some embodiments, a first gap is disposed between the first radial bearing 08 and the rotating shaft 09 or on the first radial bearing 08 along the axial direction thereof, and the first gap can conduct the airflow on one axial side of the first radial bearing 08 to the other axial side thereof. According to the invention, through the first gap axially formed between the first radial bearing and the rotating shaft or inside the first radial bearing, the first radial bearing can be cooled by preferably passing gas through the first gap as shown in fig. 1, and the gas is conducted to the left end of the first radial bearing, so that the cooling and conducting effects are effectively achieved.

In some embodiments, a second gap is formed between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the thrust plate 07, a third gap is formed between the second thrust bearing 0502 and the thrust plate 07, a fourth gap is formed between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the rotating shaft 09 or on the first thrust bearing 0501 along the axial direction of the first thrust bearing, an air hole 0701 is formed on the thrust plate 07 along the axial direction of the thrust plate, the air hole can conduct the air flow on one axial side of the thrust plate 07 to the other axial side of the thrust plate, and the first thrust bearing 0501 is located between the thrust plate 07 and the first radial bearing 08. The gas entering the first bearing cavity can be cooled through the second gap between the first thrust bearing and the thrust plate through the second gap, the gas entering the first bearing cavity can be cooled through the third gap between the second thrust bearing and the thrust plate through the third gap, the fourth gap can cool the first thrust bearing and can conduct the cooling gas to the first radial bearing at the same time, and the gas holes can enable the gas which cools the second thrust bearing to pass through the thrust plate to reach the first thrust bearing, so that the effect of effective conduction of the cooling gas is achieved, and the effects of cooling by the gas and transferring the gas are achieved.

In some embodiments, the compressor further includes a shaft sleeve 11, a partial section of the shaft sleeve 11 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 09 and a shaft section opposite to the second radial bearing 15, the second radial bearing 15 is located on the outer periphery of the shaft sleeve 11, a sixth gap is opened between the second radial bearing 15 and the shaft sleeve 11 or inside the second radial bearing 15 along an axial direction thereof, and the sixth gap is capable of conducting the gas in the second bearing cavity q2 to the suction port 201 of the compressor part 200. The second radial bearing is sleeved on the outer periphery of the shaft sleeve, and a sixth gap is formed between the outer periphery of the shaft sleeve and the inner periphery of the second radial bearing, so that gas is effectively conducted into a gas suction port of the compressor part, the cooling of the second radial bearing is realized, and the cooling gas is effectively transmitted.

In some embodiments, the fan base 14 and the communication cavity 26 are further included, the second bearing cavity q2 and the communication cavity 26 are both disposed in the fan base 14, the communication cavity 26 is located at the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 09, one axial end of the communication cavity 26 is communicated with the second bearing cavity q2 through the sixth gap, and the other axial end is communicated with the suction port of the compressor part 200. The fan seat provided by the invention can form a second bearing cavity in the fan seat, so that one end of the rotating shaft is supported on the second bearing cavity, and the communicating cavity can conduct gas in the sixth gap to the air suction port of the compressor, so that cooling fluid is finally introduced into the air suction port of the compressor to participate in air circulation of the air conditioning assembly, waste of high-pressure airflow is avoided, and an energy-saving effect is achieved.

In some embodiments, a third sealing structure 13 is disposed on the fan base 14, the rotating shaft 09 is mounted on the fan base 14 through the second radial bearing 15, and the second bearing cavity q2 is located in a space enclosed by the fan base 14, the rotating shaft 09, the third sealing structure 13 and the shaft sleeve 11. According to the invention, the third sealing structure can play a role of sealing the second bearing cavity, and the second bearing cavity is formed in a space enclosed by the shaft sleeve, the third sealing structure and the fan base.

In some embodiments, one end of the sleeve 11 extends to a position covering the third cooling passage 0903, and a sleeve hole 1101 is opened on the sleeve 11 at a position opposite to the third cooling passage 0903, the sleeve hole 1101 can conduct the gas in the third cooling passage 0903 to the second bearing cavity q2, and the other end of the sleeve 11 extends to the inside of the compressor portion 200. The invention also can play a role of transmitting cooling gas through the extending structure of the shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve hole can lead the gas in the third cooling channel 0903 out to the second bearing cavity, and the other end of the shaft sleeve hole extends into the compressor to play an effect of conducting the gas to the suction port of the compressor.

In some embodiments, a second bleed air channel 0101 is further disposed on the expansion casing 01 of the expander portion 100, an air guide portion 02 is further disposed on the expansion casing 01, a third bleed air channel 0201 is disposed on the air guide portion 02, one end of the first bleed air pipeline 03 is communicated with one end of the third bleed air channel 0201, the other end of the third bleed air channel 0201 is communicated with one end of the second bleed air channel 0101, and the other end of the second bleed air channel 0101 is communicated with an expansion cavity of the expander portion. According to the invention, the cooling gas in the expansion cavity can be effectively guided into the first bearing cavity to cool the bearing through the arrangement of the second air guide channel, the air guide part and the third air guide channel, and the transmission of the cooling gas is realized through the cooling channel in the rotating shaft, so that the effect of cooling the bearing in the second bearing cavity is realized.

In some embodiments, the first and second radial bearings 08, 15 are radial pneumatic bearings; and/or the first and second thrust bearings 0501 and 0502 are thrust pneumatic bearings. This is a preferred embodiment of the radial bearing and of the thrust bearing according to the invention.

In some embodiments, the number of the air holes 0701 is multiple, the air holes 0701 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust plate 07, and the number of the air holes 0701 is 2-12.

In some embodiments, the thrust disk 07 includes a first cylindrical section, a second cylindrical section, and an inner cylindrical surface 0702, the first cylindrical section is sandwiched between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502, one axial end of the second cylindrical section is connected to the first cylindrical section, the inner circumferential surfaces of the first cylindrical section and the second cylindrical section are of an integral structure, that is, the inner cylindrical surface, through which the thrust disk 07 is integrally sleeved on the rotating shaft 09,

the outer peripheral surface of the shaft segment of the rotating shaft 09, which is opposite to the first cylindrical segment, is a second axial surface 0906, the outer diameter of the second axial surface 0906 is d2, the second axial surface is in interference fit with the inner cylindrical surface 0702 of the thrust disk 07, the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical surface 0702 is d4, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft segment of the rotating shaft 09, which is opposite to the first sealing structure 06, is a third axial surface 0907, the outer diameter of the third axial surface 0907 is d3, and d2> d4> d 3. The third shaft surface can play an effective yielding role in assembly through d2 & gtd 4 & gtd 3, interference assembly is realized between the second shaft surface and the inner cylindrical surface, and the bonding strength between the thrust disc and the rotating shaft is ensured.

The thrust disk 07 of the present invention is assembled with a rotating shaft 09. The second axis 0906 is in interference fit with the inner cylindrical surface 0702 of the thrust disk, and the third axis 0907 gives way to the inner cylindrical surface 0702 of the thrust disk, i.e., the diameter d2 of the second axis 0906 > the diameter d4 of the inner cylindrical surface 0702 of the thrust disk > the diameter d3 of the third axis 0907. The width of the second shaft surface 0906 is w1, the width of the inner cylindrical surface 0702 of the thrust disk is w2, and w1/w2 is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1. This is because if the value of w1/w2 is too small, the assembly joint force between the thrust disk 07 and the rotating shaft 09 is insufficient, and the thrust disk 07 and the rotating shaft 09 are easy to loosen relatively; the value of w1/w2 is too large, so that the thrust disk 07 has a clamping problem during assembly and disassembly. The thrust disc locating surface 0703 is attached to the shaft locating surface 0905, so that the thrust disc 07 is axially located on the rotating shaft 09.

In some embodiments, the second axial surface 0906 has an axial width w1, and the inner cylindrical surface 0702 has an axial width w2 and has a width w1/w2 ≦ 1 of 0.2 ≦. According to the invention, w1/w2 is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1, so that the problem of clamping during assembly and disassembly can be effectively prevented and effective assembly can be ensured while the assembly binding force of the thrust disk and the rotating shaft is effectively increased and ensured.

In some embodiments, the second cylindrical section of the thrust disc 07 further includes an outer cylindrical surface 0704, the outer cylindrical surface 0704 is fitted with the first seal structure 06, a groove 0705 is further disposed on the outer cylindrical surface 0704, the depth of the groove 0705 in the radial direction is h, h is greater than or equal to 0.5mm, the width of the groove 0705 in the axial direction is w3, and w3 is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

The thrust disc 07 is provided with the outer cylindrical surface 0704, the outer cylindrical surface 0704 is matched with the first sealing structure 06, dynamic sealing is achieved, and leakage between the outer cylindrical surface 0704 and the first sealing structure 06 is weakened.

Set up recess 0705 on outer cylinder face 0704, when the thrust dish needs the maintenance to be dismantled, dismantle anchor clamps can centre gripping recess 0705, provide effectual stress point on the one hand, on the other hand avoids other faces centre gripping of thrust dish impaired. The depth h of the groove 0705 is not less than 0.5mm, and the width w3 of the groove 0705 is not less than 1 mm. Can effectively guarantee centre gripping instrument's atress, guarantee to effectively dismantle the thrust dish.

In some embodiments, the bore diameter of the first cooling passage 0901 is D1, the bore diameter of the second cooling passage 0902 is D2, the bore diameter of the third cooling passage 0903 is D3, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft segment of the rotating shaft 09 opposite to the first radial bearing 08 is a first axial surface 0904, the outer diameter of the first axial surface is D4, the end surface of the rotating shaft 09 contacting the thrust disk 07 is a shaft positioning surface 0905, the axial distance between the cross section a-a at the position of the first cooling passage 0901 and the shaft positioning surface 0905 is L1, the axial distance between the cross section B-B at the position of the third cooling passage 0903 and the shaft positioning surface 5 is L2, D3 is greater than or equal to D1, the bore diameter ratio D1/D4 is 0.05-0.2, and the bore diameter ratio D3/D4 is 0.2-0.5.

As shown in fig. 4. The rotor shaft for the pneumatic bearing cooling function comprises the following geometrical features: a shaft hole (first cooling passage 0901), a shaft inner hole (second cooling passage 0902), a shaft hole (third cooling passage 0903), a first shaft surface 0904, and a shaft positioning surface 0905.

The rotor shaft contains the following dimensional parameters: first cooling passage 0901 has a diameter D1(mm), second cooling passage 0902 has a diameter D2(mm), third cooling passage 0903 has a diameter D3(mm), first axial surface 0904 has a diameter D4(mm), a distance L1 from a cross-section A-A of first cooling passage 0901 to axial locating surface 0905, and a distance L2 from a cross-section B-B of third cooling passage 0903 to axial locating surface 0905.

The first cooling passage 0901 and the third cooling passage 0903 are arranged vertically to the rotating shaft and are circumferentially uniform. The number of holes is 2-12, too many holes weaken the strength of the shaft, too few holes are difficult to ensure the flow area, and the preferred number of holes is 8. Considering the volume expansion of the heated gas, D3 is more than or equal to D1 to ensure the smooth circulation of the cooling fluid. Comprehensively considering the strength of the rotor shaft and the flow loss of the cooling fluid, the aperture ratio D1/D4 is 0.05-0.2, and the aperture ratio D3/D4 is 0.05-0.2; in consideration of processing economy, D1/D4 is preferably D3/D4 is preferably 0.1; the aperture ratio is small, the strength of the rotor shaft is high, but the flow loss of the cooling fluid is large; the aperture ratio takes a large value, the flow loss of the cooling fluid is small, but the rotor shaft strength is low. The aperture ratio D3/D4 is 0.2-0.5, and preferably D3/D4 is 0.34 by comprehensively considering the rigidity of the rotor shaft and the flow loss of the cooling fluid; the aperture ratio is small, the rigidity of the rotor shaft is high, but the flow loss of the cooling fluid is large; the aperture ratio takes a large value, the flow loss of the cooling fluid is small, but the rigidity of the rotor shaft is low.

In some embodiments, L1/D4 is 1.1-1.8, and L2/D4 is 6.5-7.5.

For supporting the rotor system Z01, the position of the pneumatic radial bearings (first radial bearing 08 and second radial bearing 15) relative to the shaft positioning surface 0905 is determined. To avoid that the first cooling channel 0901 damages the first radial bearing 08 effective bearing surface (first shaft surface 0904), the distance L1 from the cross section a-a of the first cooling channel 0901 to the shaft locating surface 0905 cannot be too small. The air cycle machine has compact structure, and the L1 cannot be too large (small rigidity, large deflection and no difference in rotating speed). The comprehensive consideration parameter L1/D4 is 1.1-1.8, preferably 1.5. The third cooling channel 0903 is prevented from damaging the effective bearing surface of the second radial bearing 15, and the distance L2 from the cross section B-B of the third cooling channel 0903 to the shaft locating surface 0905 cannot be too small. Considering the compactness of the air cycle machine, L2 can not be too large. The comprehensive consideration parameter L2/D4 is 6.5-7.5, preferably 7.0.

In some embodiments, the first cooling passage 0901 extends in a radial direction of the rotating shaft 09, and the third cooling passage 0903 extends in a radial direction of the rotating shaft 09; and/or the number of the first cooling passages 0901 is plural, the plural first cooling passages 0901 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 09, the number of the third cooling passages 0903 is plural, and the plural third cooling passages 0903 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 09.

In some embodiments, when the number of the first cooling passages 0901 is plural and the number of the third cooling passages 0903 is plural, the number of the first cooling passages 0901 is 2 to 12 and the number of the third cooling passages 0903 is 2 to 12.

It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (22)

1. An air cycle machine, comprising:

the air conditioner comprises an expander part (100), a compressor part (200), a fan part (300) and a rotating shaft (09), wherein the rotating shaft (09) penetrates through the expander part (100), the compressor part (200) and the fan part (300); the air cycle machine further comprises a first radial bearing (08), a second radial bearing (15), a first thrust bearing (0501) and a second thrust bearing (0502), a first bleed air line (03) and an air inlet channel (0401), the rotating shaft (09) is supported by the first radial bearing (08), the second radial bearing (05015), the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), the first radial bearing (08), the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502) are all arranged in a first bearing cavity (q1), and the second radial bearing (15) is arranged in a second bearing cavity (q 2);

the first bleed air line (03) is capable of introducing gas from the expansion chamber of the expander section (100) at one end and communicates with one end of the intake channel (0401) at the other end, the intake channel (0401) communicates with the first bearing chamber (q1) at the other end for delivering cooling air for cooling the first radial bearing (08), the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), a cooling channel is provided inside the rotary shaft (09) capable of conducting gas in the first bearing chamber (q1) to the second bearing chamber (q2) for delivering cooling air for cooling the second radial bearing (15); and the gas passing through the second radial bearing (15) can be conducted into a suction port (201) of the compressor part (200);

at least part of a thrust plate (07) is arranged between the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), one end of the air inlet channel (0401) is opposite to the thrust plate (07), and an air hole (0701) is formed in the thrust plate (07) along the axial direction of the thrust plate.

2. The air cycle machine according to claim 1, wherein the minimum distance between the edge of the air hole (0701) and the rotating shaft (09) is e, and the aperture of the air hole (0701) is d 5;

the outer peripheral surface of a shaft section of the rotating shaft (09) opposite to the first radial bearing (08) is a first shaft surface (0904), the outer diameter of the first shaft surface (0904) is d1, e is not less than d1/2, and the aperture ratio d5/d1 is 0.04-0.12.

3. The air cycle machine according to claim 1, wherein the cooling passage includes a first cooling passage (0901), a second cooling passage (0902), and a third cooling passage (0903), the first cooling passage (0901) communicating with the first bearing cavity (q1) at one end and the second cooling passage (0902) at the other end, the second cooling passage (0902) extending in an axial direction of the rotating shaft (09), the third cooling passage (0903) communicating with the second cooling passage (0902) at one end and the second bearing cavity (q2) at the other end.

4. The air cycle machine of claim 1, comprising a bearing housing (04), the first bearing cavity (q1) being disposed inside the bearing housing (04), the air intake channel (0401) opening on the bearing housing (04); the bearing seat (04) is internally provided with a first sealing structure (06) and a second sealing structure (10), the rotating shaft (09) is assembled on the bearing seat (04) through the first radial bearing (08), the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), and the first bearing cavity (q1) is positioned in a cavity surrounded by the bearing seat (04), the rotating shaft (09), the first sealing structure (06) and the second sealing structure (10).

5. The air cycle machine according to claim 3, characterized in that cooling gas enters the first bearing cavity (q1) from the inlet channel (0401) and cools the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), respectively, before reaching and cooling the first radial bearing (08); then through the first cooling channel (0901) into the second cooling channel (0902) inside the rotating shaft (09).

6. An air cycle machine according to claim 5, characterized in that cooling gas enters the second cooling channel (0902) and then passes through the third cooling channel (0903) into the second bearing cavity (q2) and cools the second radial bearing (15).

7. The air cycle machine according to claim 5, characterized in that a first gap is provided between the first radial bearing (08) and the rotating shaft (09) or on the first radial bearing (08) along the axial direction thereof, and the first gap is capable of conducting the air flow on one axial side of the first radial bearing (08) to the other axial side thereof.

8. The air cycle machine of claim 7, wherein a second gap is provided between the first thrust bearing (0501) and the thrust plate (07), a third gap is provided between the second thrust bearing (0502) and the thrust plate (07), a fourth gap is provided between the first thrust bearing (0501) and the rotating shaft (09) or on the first thrust bearing (0501) along an axial direction thereof, the air hole is capable of conducting an air flow on one axial side of the thrust plate (07) to the other axial side thereof, and the first thrust bearing (0501) is located between the thrust plate (07) and the first radial bearing (08).

9. The air cycle machine of claim 7, further comprising a shaft sleeve (11), wherein a partial section of the shaft sleeve (11) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (09) and the shaft section opposite to the second radial bearing (15), the second radial bearing (15) is positioned on the outer periphery of the shaft sleeve (11), a sixth gap is arranged between the second radial bearing (15) and the shaft sleeve (11) or inside the second radial bearing (15) along the axial direction of the second radial bearing, and the sixth gap can conduct the gas in the second bearing cavity (q2) to the suction port of the compressor part (200).

10. The air cycle machine according to claim 9, further comprising a blower base (14) and a communication chamber (26), the second bearing chamber (q2) and the communication chamber (26) being both provided in the blower base (14), and the communication chamber (26) being located at an outer periphery of the rotating shaft (09), an axial one end of the communication chamber (26) communicating with the second bearing chamber (q2) through the sixth gap, and an axial other end communicating with the suction port of the compressor section (200).

11. The air cycle machine according to claim 10, wherein a third sealing structure (13) is provided on the fan base (14), the rotating shaft (09) is assembled on the fan base (14) through the second radial bearing (15), and the second bearing cavity (q2) is located in a space enclosed by the fan base (14), the rotating shaft (09), the third sealing structure (13) and the shaft sleeve (11).

12. The air cycle machine of claim 9,

one end of the shaft sleeve (11) extends to a position covering the third cooling channel (0903), a shaft sleeve hole (1101) is formed in a position, opposite to the third cooling channel (093), of the shaft sleeve (11), the shaft sleeve hole (1101) can conduct gas in the third cooling channel (0903) to the second bearing cavity (q2), and the other end of the shaft sleeve (11) extends to the inside of the compressor part (200).

13. An air cycle machine according to any of claims 1-12, characterized in that a second bleed air channel (0101) is arranged in the expansion casing (01) of the expander section (100), that an air guide (02) is arranged in the expansion casing (01), that a third bleed air channel (0201) is arranged in the air guide (02), that one end of the first bleed air line (03) communicates with one end of the third bleed air channel (0201), that the other end of the third bleed air channel (0201) communicates with one end of the second bleed air channel (0101), and that the other end of the second bleed air channel (0101) communicates with an expansion chamber of the expander section.

14. The air cycle machine according to any of claims 1-13, characterized in that the first radial bearing (08) and the second radial bearing (15) are radial pneumatic bearings; and/or the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502) are thrust pneumatic bearings.

15. The air cycle machine of claim 1,

the number of the air holes (0701) is multiple, the air holes (0701) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust plate (07), and the number of the air holes (0701) is 2-12.

16. The air cycle machine of claim 4,

the thrust disc (07) comprises a first cylindrical section, a second cylindrical section and an inner cylindrical surface (0702), the first cylindrical section is clamped between the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), one axial end of the second cylindrical section is connected with the first cylindrical section, the inner circumferential surfaces of the first cylindrical section and the second cylindrical section are of an integral structure, namely the inner cylindrical surface, the thrust disc (07) is integrally sleeved on the rotating shaft (09) through the inner cylindrical surface,

the outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft (09) opposite to the first cylindrical section is a second shaft surface (0906), the outer diameter of the second shaft surface (0906) is d2, the second shaft surface is in interference fit with an inner cylindrical surface (0702) of the thrust disk (07), the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical surface (0702) is d4, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft (09) opposite to the first sealing structure (06) is a third shaft surface (0907), the outer diameter of the third shaft surface (0907) is d3, and d2> d4> d3 are provided.

17. The air cycle machine of claim 16,

the axial width of the second axial surface (0906) is w1, the width of the inner cylindrical surface (0702) in the axial direction is w2, and the ratio of w1/w2 to 1 is 0.2-1.

18. The air cycle machine of claim 16,

the second cylindrical section of the thrust disc (07) further comprises an outer cylindrical surface (0704), the outer cylindrical surface (0704) is matched with the first sealing structure (06), a groove (0705) is further arranged on the outer cylindrical surface (0704), the depth of the groove (0705) in the radial direction is h, h is larger than or equal to 0.5mm, the width of the groove (0705) in the axial direction is w3, and w3 is larger than or equal to 1 mm.

19. The air cycle machine according to claim 5, wherein the first cooling channel (0901) has a hole diameter D1, the second cooling channel (0902) has a hole diameter D2, the third cooling channel (0903) has a hole diameter D3, an end surface of the rotating shaft (09) that is connected to the thrust disk (07) is a shaft positioning surface (0905), an axial distance between a cross section A-A at a position of the first cooling channel (0901) and the shaft positioning surface (0905) is L1, an axial distance between a cross section B-B at a position of the third cooling channel (0903) and the shaft positioning surface (0905) is L2, D3 ≧ D1, and an aperture ratio D1/D4 ═ 0.05 ≧ 0.2, and an aperture ratio D3/D4 ═ 0.2 ≧ 0.5.

20. The air cycle machine of claim 19, wherein L1/D4 is 1.1-1.8 and L2/D4 is 6.5-7.5.

21. The air cycle machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the first cooling channel (0901) extends in a radial direction of the rotating shaft (09), and the third cooling channel (0903) extends in a radial direction of the rotating shaft (09); and/or the first cooling passages (0901) are plural, the plural first cooling passages (0901) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (09), the plural third cooling passages (0903) are plural, and the plural third cooling passages (0903) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (09).

22. The air cycle machine according to claim 21, wherein when the first cooling channel (0901) is plural, and the third cooling channel (0903) is plural, the number of the first cooling channel (0901) is 2 to 12, and the number of the third cooling channel (0903) is 2 to 12.

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