CN112628161A

CN112628161A - Air-cooled compressor

Info

Publication number: CN112628161A
Application number: CN202011291372.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 靳普
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Liu Muhua
Priority date: 2020-11-18
Filing date: 2020-11-18
Publication date: 2021-04-09
Also published as: WO2022105209A1

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-cooled compressor, which comprises a rotor, an impeller and at least one main air passage, wherein a motor is sleeved on the rotor, and a shell is arranged outside the motor; the shell is enclosed at the tail end of the gas compressor to form a high-pressure cavity, and an outlet at the tail end of the main gas passage is connected with the high-pressure gas cavity through an impeller; the impeller is a closed impeller and comprises a rear cover, blades, a sleeve body and a front cover, the front cover is covered on the blades, and the front cover is in a circular truncated cone shape; the air inlet surface of the front cover is a curved surface which is in smooth transition along the profile of the ridge line of the blade, the air outlet surface is provided with grooves which are matched with the end parts of the blade, and the end parts of the blade corresponding to the grooves are embedded into the grooves and are in tight fit connection. The impeller is set to be multistage, and the gas outlet of the last-stage impeller communicates the air inlet of the next-stage impeller, compresses gas step by step. The air-cooled compressor does not need to be additionally provided with an air-cooled fan on the shaft, and has simpler structure and strong reliability. The closed impeller has the advantages of small friction loss, small flow resistance, high efficiency, light weight and high strength.

Description

Air-cooled compressor

Technical Field

The invention relates to an air-cooled compressor, and belongs to the technical field of compressors.

Background

The industrial gas turbine mainly comprises three parts of a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine. The compressor is a component which utilizes blades rotating at high speed to do work on gas (mostly air) so as to improve the gas pressure, the air is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure air, then the high-temperature and high-pressure air is supplied to a combustion chamber for fuel combustion, and the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas expands in a turbine to do work. The compressor is driven by a motor, a motor rotor can generate a large amount of heat when rotating, demagnetization occurs when the temperature of the rotor exceeds the service temperature of the permanent magnet material, the efficiency of the motor can be obviously reduced, the service life of the motor is influenced, and the reliability can not be effectively ensured. In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art, a cooling fan is arranged on a rotor, so that the number of parts and the process difficulty are increased, and the problems of large volume, high heat generation and difficult heat dissipation are caused. In addition, the existing compressor generally adopts a bearing set consisting of a plurality of radial bearings and thrust bearings, and a sufficiently long rotating shaft is required for installation, so that the problem of increase of the axial size of the compressor is caused; and the processing and assembling errors caused by the arrangement of a plurality of bearings are increased, and the processing and assembling difficulty is high. Furthermore, most of the impellers adopted by the existing compressor are semi-open impellers, and there is still room for improvement on how to obtain smaller friction loss and flow resistance, higher efficiency, lightness, high strength and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides the air-cooled compressor, which can achieve the cooling effect without additionally arranging an air-cooled fan on a shaft, and has simple structure and strong reliability.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an air-cooled compressor comprises a rotor, an impeller and at least one main air channel, wherein a motor (comprising a stator and a coil) is sleeved on the rotor, and a shell is arranged outside the motor; the shell is enclosed at the tail end of the gas compressor to form a high-pressure cavity, the impeller is sleeved at the tail end of the rotor and arranged facing the gas inlet, the main gas passage is arranged around the stator, and an outlet at the tail end of the main gas passage is connected with the high-pressure gas cavity through the impeller; the impeller is a closed impeller, and the specific structure is as follows: the blade-free telescopic sleeve comprises a rear cover, blades, a sleeve body and a front cover, wherein the rear cover is arranged at the tail end of the sleeve body, and a through hole which is integrated with the center of the sleeve body is arranged in the rear cover for being sleeved and fixed on a rotating shaft; the blades are arranged around the sleeve body and rotate towards the same direction, one end of each blade is connected with the outer wall of the sleeve body, and the other end of each blade is connected with the end face of the rear cover; the front cover is arranged on the blade, and the stator covers the front cover; the front cover is circular truncated cone-shaped; the air inlet surface of the front cover is a curved surface which is in smooth transition along the profile of the ridge line of the blade, the air outlet surface is provided with grooves which are matched with the end parts of the blade, and the end parts of the blade corresponding to the grooves are embedded into the grooves and are in tight fit connection; a flow passage is formed among the blade, the rear cover and the front cover; the air outlet is separated by the blades between the tail part of the front cover and the rear cover, and the air flows out of the air outlet from the front part of the blades through the flow channel.

Furthermore, the rear cover, the blades and the sleeve body are integrally formed.

Further, the outer edge of the blade protrudes out of the end face of the rear cover in the axial direction.

Further, the blade includes longer main leaf and shorter splitter blade, and main leaf and splitter blade set up at interval in proper order. The front cover groove is divided into a main blade groove and a splitter blade groove which are respectively arranged corresponding to the end parts of the main blade and the splitter blade.

Furthermore, the front edge of the front cover protrudes out of the front edge of the blade, or is flat with the front edge of the blade, or is shorter than the front edge of the blade.

Further, the front cover is made of carbon fiber composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

step A, putting carbon fibers with a set volume into an oil bed, and infiltrating the carbon fibers by using a liquid adhesive in the oil bed;

b, extracting the fully soaked carbon fibers, and extruding to remove redundant adhesive in the carbon fibers;

c, winding the carbon fiber after the excess adhesive is extruded to form spongy carbon fiber which is fully soaked with the adhesive and has a three-dimensional structure;

d, carrying out vacuum-pumping treatment on the spongy carbon fiber which is fully soaked with the adhesive and has the three-dimensional structure, so that gas in the three-dimensional structure of the carbon fiber is pumped out;

step E, injecting a liquid steel-based material into the carbon fiber three-dimensional structure through a micro-injector, and performing micro-vibration on the carbon fiber three-dimensional structure in the injection process to obtain a composite material of the steel-based material and the carbon fiber which is stained with the adhesive;

and F, putting the steel-based material and the composite material which is full of the adhesive carbon fibers into a mould, pressurizing, cooling and forming to obtain the formed steel-based carbon fiber composite front cover connected through chemical bonds.

Further, the impeller is arranged in a single stage or multiple stages; when the multi-stage impeller is multi-stage, each stage of impeller is sleeved on the rotor in series, and the gas outlet of the upper stage of impeller is communicated with the gas inlet of the lower stage of impeller to compress gas stage by stage.

Further, the shell comprises a first shell, a second shell and a third shell, and the main air passage comprises a first air passage or/and a third air passage; the stator and the coil are covered with a first shell, and the stator is fixed with the first shell; the front end and the tail end of the first shell are respectively provided with a first front end cover and a first rear end cover; the second shell is arranged around the first shell, and the tail end of the second shell is provided with a second end cover; the third shell is arranged at the tail end of the gas compressor and forms a high-pressure cavity with the second end cover in an enclosing mode; the cavity between the first shell and the second shell and the cavity between the first rear end cover and the second end cover form the first air channel; the third air passage axially penetrates through the stator.

Furthermore, a circle or a plurality of circles of air holes are uniformly formed in the part, opposite to the impeller blades or the front cover, of the second end cover (equivalent to the stator), the second end cover can be decomposed into axial and radial air flows after air is fed, the impeller is suspended in the stator to stably rotate through the radial air flows, the impeller is pushed backwards through the axial air flows, and the stator serves as an air bearing and plays a role of a radial bearing and a thrust bearing at the same time.

Further, the rotor is sleeved with a radial bearing or is not provided with a radial bearing. When being equipped with two radial bearing, be equivalent to totally three radial bearing supports, whole vibration is little, and the operation is stable. When the radial bearing is not arranged or only one of the radial bearing is included, the length of the rotating shaft is shortened (the length of the air compressor is shortened, when the air compressor is used in equipment such as a micro gas turbine and the like, the whole length of the equipment is shortened, the integration is higher), the coaxiality of parts on the shaft is easily ensured, the processing is easier, the integration level is high, and the reliability of the whole machine is high.

Further, the radial bearing is selected from a static pressure gas bearing, a dynamic pressure gas bearing or a dynamic and static pressure mixed gas bearing.

Furthermore, two ends of the radial bearing are sleeved with annular rubber ring dampers.

Further, the rotor may or may not be provided with a thrust bearing, and it is determined according to the calculation result of the axial force, and if the axial force is too large and difficult to offset, the thrust bearing needs to be provided.

Further, the compressor also comprises a second air passage; and a second air passage is formed by a gap between the stator and the coil in front of the outer wall of the rotor, a gap between the stator and the coil and the first front end cover, and a gap between the stator and the coil and the first rear end cover, an inlet of the second air passage is arranged at the front end of the first shell or on the first front end cover, and an outlet of the second air passage is arranged on the first rear end cover and is communicated with the first air passage or/and the third air passage.

Further, the air inlet end of the rotor is provided with a thrust bearing which comprises a first thrust disc and a second thrust disc, the two thrust discs respectively comprise a disc part and a sleeve part, the sleeve parts of the two thrust discs are fixedly connected to the rotor in a butt joint mode, a thrust groove is formed between the inner end face of each thrust disc and the outer portion of each sleeve part, and the thrust bearing is arranged in each thrust groove; the two sides of the part, protruding out of the thrust groove, of the top of the thrust bearing are respectively clamped by a cover body and a shell, and the cover body is fixedly connected with the shell.

Further, the thrust bearing is a hybrid dynamic and static pressure air bearing; the thrust bearing comprises a first thrust part and a second thrust part, the first thrust part and the second thrust part are arranged oppositely, and the end surface of the inner side of the second thrust part is provided with an annular air cavity which is communicated with external air; the first gap between the inner side end face of the first thrust disc and the outer side end face of the first thrust part is communicated with the annular air cavity through an air hole, the second gap between the inner side end face of the second thrust disc and the outer side end face of the second thrust part is communicated with the annular air cavity through an air hole, the third gap between the inner ring side wall of the second thrust part and the thrust groove side wall is communicated with the annular air cavity through an air hole, and the shell is provided with an air inlet pipe which is communicated with the annular air cavity through an air inlet channel on the second thrust part.

Further, spring dampers or rubber ring dampers are arranged between the outer end face of the first thrust part and the cover body and between the outer end face of the second thrust part and the shell; and a spring damper or a rubber ring damper is arranged between the inner end surface of the first thrust part and the inner end surface of the second thrust part.

Further, air grooves are formed in the outer end faces of the first thrust portion and the second thrust portion; or/and air grooves are arranged on the surfaces of the two thrust discs, which are opposite to the outer end surfaces of the first thrust part and the second thrust part respectively.

According to the air-cooled compressor, the impeller, the motor and the cooling structure are arranged on the same side, so that the structure is compact; the main air duct is arranged around the stator, the structure is further optimized, a single main air inlet duct does not need to be arranged, the surrounding type arrangement enables the mass distribution of the whole machine to be uniform, and balance and stability are enhanced. The air source of the main air passage can play a role in air cooling; the external air-cooled air source can further cool and radiate the motor; the multi-path gas can be finally used as the inlet gas of the compressor turbine, so that the inlet gas consumption is saved; and an air cooling fan does not need to be additionally arranged on the shaft, so that the structure is simpler and the reliability is strong.

The impeller of the compressor is a closed impeller, the detachable front cover is arranged, the front cover is in a circular truncated cone shape, the air inlet surface is a curved surface which is in smooth transition along the ridge line profile of the blade, and the air outlet surface is provided with a groove which is matched with the end part of the blade, so that the friction loss is small during working, the flow resistance is small, and the efficiency is high; during operation, the front cover is tightly occluded with the blades, gas flows out from the air outlet through the flow channel from the front parts of the blades, and gas leakage is little. The protecgulum is made by carbon-fibre composite, and the whole quality of impeller is light and have high strength, and blade (metal material) can expand during the rotation, and the protecgulum does not expand, consequently along with the increase of pivoted speed up, time increase, interlock between the recess of blade and protecgulum can be more and more tight (be provided with the stator when as air bearing, its admission also can be applyed on the protecgulum, further prevents the recess separation of blade and protecgulum), is fit for high-speed rotatory operating mode. The splitter blade is arranged, so that the blockage of inlet airflow can be reduced, the sliding coefficient of the outlet of the impeller can be improved, the efficiency of the impeller is improved, and the overall efficiency of the gas compressor can be improved due to the improvement of the flow field of the outlet of the impeller. The front cover is made of a carbon fiber composite material, and the formed composite material far breaks through the modulus upper limit of each conventional steel base material by adding the steel base, the carbon fiber and the adhesive, so that the rigidity is greatly increased, meanwhile, the tensile strength and the breaking force of the steel are enhanced, the shearing strength is also greatly improved, and each performance of the composite material is far higher than that of the common steel; meanwhile, the production cost, the process threshold, the batch flow, the universality and the like are all controlled in a metal material system, so that the industry with high-performance material requirements generally benefits.

The compressor is provided with the oblique thrust structure, the stator is used as an air bearing and simultaneously plays the roles of a radial bearing and a thrust bearing (gas is introduced into a gap between the stator and the impeller from the air hole, so that a uniform and stable air film is formed in the gap, the impeller rotates stably in the stator, and the effect of the air bearing is achieved), and the original radial bearing and the original thrust bearing can be reduced or even replaced. When the stator is simultaneously used as a thrust bearing, if other radial bearings are arranged on the rotating shaft, a plurality of radial bearings are equivalently supported, the whole vibration is small, and the operation is stable. If no other radial bearing or only a small number of radial bearings are arranged on the rotating shaft, the length of the rotating shaft is shortened, the coaxiality of parts on the shaft is easily ensured, the processing is easier, the integration level is high, and the reliability of the whole machine is high.

The thrust bearing and the radial bearing both adopt air bearings, so that the high-speed stable operation of the air compressor can be ensured; the air groove is arranged, so that the rapid through flow of air in the bearing can be realized, the gas of the gas compressor can be conducted, the air blockage and accumulation can be prevented, the static pressure mode or the dynamic pressure mode can be flexibly selected according to the condition of the gas source, and the use is flexible. The thrust discs on two sides of the thrust groove are low in height, the turning amount is small during machining, the material consumption is low, the process is relatively simple, the mass distribution is relatively uniform, and the stability is better when the rotating shaft rotates highly.

The air-cooled compressor can be used for any rotor system or micro gas turbine to provide high-pressure gas, and can solve the technical problems of complicated structure, large volume and difficult heat dissipation of the rotor system or the micro gas turbine.

The various terms and phrases used herein have the ordinary meaning as is well known to those skilled in the art. To the extent that the terms and phrases are not inconsistent with known meanings, the meaning of the present invention will prevail.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of an air-cooled compressor.

FIG. 2: the structure of the closed impeller is schematically shown.

FIG. 3: the structure of the rear cover, the blades and the sleeve body is schematically shown.

FIG. 4: the front view of fig. 3.

FIG. 5: fig. 3 is a side view.

FIG. 6: fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at the position a-a.

FIG. 7: a manufacturing flow chart of the front cover.

FIG. 8: stator and coil structure cross-sectional views.

FIG. 9: the stator structure is schematically shown.

FIG. 10: the structure of the thrust bearing is schematic.

FIG. 11: the stator is also used as the oblique thrust structure schematic diagram of the air bearing.

Wherein, 1-rotor, 2-impeller, 201-back cover, 202-blade, 203-sleeve, 204-front cover, 205-flow channel, 206-air outlet, 301-air hole, 31-first shell, 32-first front cover, 33-first back cover, 34-support ring, 4-motor, 41-stator, 42-coil, 411-stator core, 4111-through hole, 4112-first winding clapboard, 4113-second winding clapboard, 4114-outer wire groove, 4115-inner wire groove, 4116-silicon steel sheet, 51-second shell, 52-second end cover, 6-third shell, 7-radial bearing, 8-thrust bearing, 81-first thrust part, 82-second thrust part, 83-annular air cavity, 84-rubber ring damper, 85-spring damper, 9-cover body, 11-first thrust disc, 12-second thrust disc, P1-first air channel, P2-second air channel and P3-third air channel.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiment and the attached drawings of the specification.

Example 1

An air-cooled compressor comprising: rotor 1, stator 41, coil 42, casing, impeller 2 and at least one main air duct, as shown in fig. 1, wherein, rotor 1 goes up the cover and establishes stator 41 and coil 42, stator 41 and coil 42 dustcoat establish the casing, the casing is closed at the compressor end and is formed high-pressure cavity, impeller 2 cover is established and is answered to admitting air at rotor 1 end and is set up, the main air duct encircles stator 41 sets up, the terminal export warp of main air duct impeller 2 connects the high-pressure air cavity.

The impeller is a closed impeller, and the specific structure is as follows: the rotor comprises a rear cover 201, blades 202, a sleeve body 203 and a front cover 204, as shown in fig. 2-6, wherein the rear cover 201 is arranged at the tail end of the sleeve body 203, and the rear cover 201 and the sleeve body 203 are provided with an integrated through hole at the center for being sleeved and fixed on the rotor 1; the blades 202 are arranged around the sleeve body 203 and rotate towards the same direction, one end of each blade 202 is connected with the outer wall of the sleeve body 203, and the other end of each blade 202 is connected with the end face of the rear cover 201; the front cover 204 covers the blades 202; the front cover 204 is circular truncated cone-shaped; the air inlet surface of the front cover 204 is a curved surface which is in smooth transition along the ridge line profile of the blade 202, the air outlet surface is provided with grooves which are matched with the end parts of the blade 202, and the end parts of the blade 202 corresponding to the grooves are embedded into the grooves and are in tight fit connection; a flow passage 205 is formed among the blade 202, the rear cover 201 and the front cover 204; an air outlet 206 is formed between the rear part of the front cover 204 and the rear cover 201 and is partitioned by the blades 202, and air flows out of the air outlet 206 from the front part of the blades 202 through a flow passage 205.

The rear cover 201, the blade 202 and the sleeve 203 are integrally formed as shown in fig. 3 to 6.

The outer edge of the vane 202 protrudes from the end face of the rear cover 201 in the axial direction.

The blades 202 include a longer main blade and a shorter splitter blade, and the main blade and the splitter blade are sequentially arranged at intervals. The groove of the front cover 204 is divided into a main blade groove and a splitter blade groove, which are respectively arranged corresponding to the ends of the main blade and the splitter blade.

The front edge of the front cover 204 protrudes from the front edge of the blade 202, or is parallel to the front edge of the blade 202, or is shorter than the front edge of the blade 202.

The front cover 204 is made of a carbon fiber composite material. The specific preparation method (the flow is shown in figure 7) is as follows:

The impeller 2, the motor 4 (the stator 41 and the coil 42) and the cooling structure (the main air passage) of the air-cooled compressor are arranged on the same side, so that the structure is compact; the main air duct is arranged around the stator 41, the structure is further optimized, a single main air inlet duct does not need to be arranged, the quality of the whole machine is uniformly distributed due to the surrounding arrangement, and balance and stability are enhanced.

The main airway includes a first airway P1 and a second airway P2. As shown in fig. 1, the first housing 31 is covered by the stator 41 and the coil 42, the stator 41 is fixed to the first housing 31, and the first front end cover 32 and the first rear end cover 33 are respectively disposed at the front end and the tail end of the first housing 31; the second shell 51 is arranged around the first shell 31, the tail end of the second shell 51 is provided with a second end cover 52, the third shell 6 is arranged at the tail end of the compressor, and a high-pressure cavity is enclosed between the third shell and the second end cover 52; the first air passage P1 includes a cavity between the first casing 31 and the second casing 51, and a cavity between the first rear cover 33 and the second cover 52, and the first air passage P1 is an air intake main air passage; the second air passage P2 includes a gap between the stator 41 and the coil 42 and the outer wall of the rotor 1, a gap between the stator 41 and the coil 42 and the first front cover 32, and a gap between the stator 41 and the coil 42 and the first rear cover 33; the second air passage P2 is an air-cooled air passage. The inlet of the second air passage P2 is arranged at the front end of the first shell 31 or on the first front end cover 32, the outlet is arranged on the first rear end cover 33, and the cold air flows into the first air passage P1 through the outlet of the second air passage P2; the impeller 2 is sleeved at the tail end of the rotor 1 and arranged facing the air inlet, and a gap is reserved between the blades of the impeller 2 and the conical cylinder of the second end cover 52, so that along with the rotation of the rotor 1, air flows through the gap between the blades from the tail end of the first air passage P1 and enters the high-pressure cavity after being compressed.

The main passage further includes a third passage P3, the third passage P3 extending axially through the stator 41 and merging into the first passage P1. The third air passage P3 can also be used as an air inlet main air passage, and the air inlet quantity can be increased; the third air passage P3 is close to the rotor 1, so that the auxiliary cooling and heat dissipation effects are good.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the stator 41 includes a stator core 411, the stator core 411 is cylindrical, and a through hole 4111 for mounting the rotor is formed in the center of the cylinder; stator core 411's external diameter side is formed with a plurality of first winding baffles 4112 that extend along the axial of cylinder and radial outside, along the circumference equipartition of cylinder, stator core 411's internal diameter side is formed with a plurality of second winding baffles 4113 that extend along the axial of cylinder and radial inboard, along the circumference equipartition of cylinder, the one end that second winding baffle 4113 is close to the cylinder centre of a circle forms through-hole 4111. The first winding separator 4112 and the second winding separator 4113 are disposed opposite to each other on the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side of the cylinder, the outer circumferential surfaces of the two adjacent first winding separators 4112 and the cylinder form an outer wire groove 4114, the inner circumferential surfaces of the two adjacent second winding separators 4113 and the cylinder form an inner wire groove 4115, the coil 42 is wound in the outer wire groove 4114 and the inner wire groove 4115 in the axial direction of the cylinder, and the coil 42 and the two adjacent second winding separators 4113 form a third air passage P3. Alternatively, the stator core 411 may be formed by laminating and pressing a plurality of silicon steel sheets 4116 having the same shape in the axial direction of the cylinder.

Meanwhile, in order to facilitate heat dissipation of the stator 41 and the rotor 1 and air intake of the third air passage P3, mesh-shaped air holes may be formed in the first front end cover and the first rear end cover.

A radial bearing 7 is provided on the rotor 1 to support the stator 41. As shown in fig. 1, in particular, the first front end cover 32 and the first rear end cover 33 are arranged around the rotor 1 adjacent to the rotor 1 by an integral support ring 34, and the radial bearing 7 is arranged between the support ring 34 and the rotor 1. Since the support ring 34 is fixed with the stator 41, the radial bearing 7 functions to support the stator 41. The radial bearing 7 may be any one of a static pressure gas bearing, a dynamic pressure gas bearing, or a hybrid dynamic and static pressure gas bearing.

When the static pressure gas bearing is arranged, the radial bearing 7 and the rotor 1 have a preset radial gap in the radial direction, an annular air cavity is arranged between the periphery of the radial bearing 7 and the support ring 34, a through hole penetrating through the annular air cavity and the radial gap is arranged at the bottom of the annular air cavity, and an air inlet hole communicating the annular air cavity with an external air source is also arranged on the support ring 34.

When it is provided as a dynamic pressure gas bearing, the radial bearing 7 and the rotor 1 have a predetermined radial clearance in the radial direction, and the inner diameter surface of the radial bearing 7 or the portion of the rotor 1 where the radial bearing 7 is mounted is provided with a dynamic pressure generating groove.

When it is set as a hybrid gas bearing, it has both the features of a hydrostatic gas bearing and a hydrodynamic gas bearing.

The two ends of the radial bearing 7 are sleeved with annular rubber ring dampers 84 to ensure the stable support of the radial bearing 7.

A thrust bearing 8 is provided on the rotor 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 10, specifically, two thrust disks, namely a first thrust disk 11 and a second thrust disk 12, are arranged at an air inlet end of a rotor 1, each of the first thrust disk 11 and the second thrust disk 12 includes a disk portion and a sleeve portion, the sleeve portions of the two thrust disks are fixed to the rotor 1 in a butt joint manner, a thrust groove is formed between an inner end surface of each of the two thrust disks and an outer portion of each of the sleeve portions, a thrust bearing 8 is arranged in the thrust groove, a portion of the top of each of the thrust bearings 8, which protrudes out of the thrust groove, and two sides of each of the thrust bearings are respectively clamped by a cover body 9 and a first front end cover 32, and the cover body. The thrust bearing 8 is a hybrid dynamic and static air bearing.

The thrust bearing 8 is structurally shown in fig. 10, and includes a first thrust portion 81 and a second thrust portion 82, the first thrust portion 81 and the second thrust portion 82 are arranged oppositely, an annular air cavity 83 is formed on the inner side end surface of the second thrust portion 82, and the annular air cavity 83 is communicated with external air; the gap S1 between the end face of the inner side of the first thrust disk 11 and the end face of the outer side of the first thrust portion 81 communicates with the annular air chamber 83 through an air hole, the gap S2 between the end face of the inner side of the second thrust disk 12 and the end face of the outer side of the second thrust portion communicates with the annular air chamber 83 through an air hole, and the gap S3 between the side wall of the inner race of the second thrust portion 82 and the side wall of the thrust groove communicates with the annular air chamber 83 through an air hole. The first front end cap 32 is provided with an air inlet pipe which is communicated with the annular air chamber through an air inlet channel on the second thrust part 82.

A spring damper 85 or a rubber ring damper 84 is provided between the outer end surface of the first thrust portion 81 and the cover 9 and between the outer end surface of the second thrust portion 82 and the first front end cover 32 to absorb shock energy and function as a damper. A spring damper 85 or a rubber ring damper 84 is arranged between the inner end surface of the first thrust portion 81 and the inner end surface of the second thrust portion 82, and plays roles of absorbing shock and energy and sealing gas. Air grooves are arranged on the outer end faces of the first thrust portion 81 and the second thrust portion 82; or/and air grooves are arranged on the surfaces of the two thrust disks, which are opposite to the outer end surfaces of the first thrust portion 81 and the second thrust portion 82 respectively.

The air groove can realize quick through flow of air in the bearing, can conduct gas of the compressor, and can prevent air from being blocked and accumulated. The static pressure or dynamic pressure mode is flexibly selected according to the air source condition, and the use is flexible; the thrust discs on two sides of the thrust groove are low in height, the turning amount is small during machining, the material consumption is low, the process is relatively simple, the mass distribution is relatively uniform, and the stability is better when the rotating shaft rotates highly.

One or more circles of air holes 301 are uniformly formed in a portion, facing the front cover 202, of the second end cover 52 (corresponding to the stator), as shown in fig. 11, the portion can be decomposed into axial and radial air flows after air is introduced, the impeller is suspended in the stator to stably rotate by the radial air flow, the impeller is pushed backwards by the axial air flow, and the stator serves as an air bearing and a thrust bearing at the same time.

Example 2

The air source of the main air passage of the air compressor can play a role of air cooling; the external air-cooled air source can further cool and radiate the motor; the two paths of gas can be finally combined into the gas inlet of the compressor turbine, so that the gas inlet amount is saved; and an air cooling fan does not need to be additionally arranged on the shaft, so that the structure is simpler and the reliability is strong.

The impeller is a closed impeller, the detachable front cover is arranged, the front cover is in a circular truncated cone shape, the air inlet surface is a curved surface which is in smooth transition along the ridge line profile of the blade, the air outlet surface is provided with a groove which is matched with the end part of the blade, and the impeller has small friction loss, small flow resistance and high efficiency in work; during operation, the front cover is tightly occluded with the blades, gas flows out from the air outlet through the flow channel from the front parts of the blades, and gas leakage is little. The protecgulum is made by carbon-fibre composite, and the whole quality of impeller is light and have high strength, and blade (metal material) can expand during the rotation, and the protecgulum does not expand, consequently along with the increase of pivoted speed up, time, interlock between the recess of blade and protecgulum can be more and more tight, is fit for high-speed rotatory operating mode. The splitter blade is arranged, so that the blockage of inlet airflow can be reduced, the sliding coefficient of the outlet of the impeller can be improved, the efficiency of the impeller is improved, and the overall efficiency of the gas compressor can be improved due to the improvement of the flow field of the outlet of the impeller. The front cover is made of a carbon fiber composite material, and the formed composite material far breaks through the modulus upper limit of each conventional steel base material by adding the steel base, the carbon fiber and the adhesive, so that the rigidity is greatly increased, meanwhile, the tensile strength and the breaking force of the steel are enhanced, the shearing strength is also greatly improved, and each performance of the composite material is far higher than that of the common steel; meanwhile, the production cost, the process threshold, the batch flow, the universality and the like are all controlled in a metal material system, so that the industry with high-performance material requirements generally benefits.

Example 3

The front cover 204 is made of a carbon fiber composite material.

The impeller sets up to multistage, and each grade impeller series connection cover is established on the rotor, and the gas outlet of last one-level impeller communicates the air inlet of next stage impeller, compresses gas step by step.

One or more circles of air holes 301 are uniformly formed in the portion, opposite to the front cover 202, of the second end cover 52 (equivalent to a stator), air can be divided into axial air flow and radial air flow after entering the air, the impeller is suspended in the stator to stably rotate through the radial air flow, the impeller is pushed backwards through the axial air flow, and the stator serves as an air bearing and a thrust bearing at the same time.

The rotor 1 is sleeved with a radial bearing or is not provided with a radial bearing. When being equipped with two radial bearing, be equivalent to totally three radial bearing supports, whole vibration is little, and the operation is stable. When the radial bearing is not arranged or only one of the radial bearing is included, the length of the rotating shaft is shortened (the length of the air compressor is shortened, when the air compressor is used in equipment such as a micro gas turbine and the like, the whole length of the equipment is shortened, the integration is higher), the coaxiality of parts on the shaft is easily ensured, the processing is easier, the integration level is high, and the reliability of the whole machine is high.

The radial bearing is selected from a static pressure gas bearing, a dynamic pressure gas bearing or a dynamic and static pressure mixed gas bearing.

Annular rubber ring dampers are sleeved at two ends of the radial bearing.

The rotor may or may not be provided with a thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing is required to be provided if the axial force is too large and difficult to offset, which is determined according to the calculation result of the axial force.

Example 4

The second end cap 52 (equivalent to a stator) is provided with one or more circles of air holes on the part facing the impeller blades, the part can be decomposed into axial and radial air flows after air is fed, the impeller is suspended in the stator to rotate stably by the radial air flows, the impeller is pushed backwards by the axial air flows, and the stator serves as an air bearing and plays a role of a radial bearing and a thrust bearing at the same time.

The rotor is sleeved with a radial bearing or is not provided with a radial bearing. When being equipped with two radial bearing, be equivalent to totally three radial bearing supports, whole vibration is little, and the operation is stable. When the radial bearing is not arranged or only one of the radial bearing is included, the length of the rotating shaft is shortened (the length of the air compressor is shortened, when the air compressor is used in equipment such as a micro gas turbine and the like, the whole length of the equipment is shortened, the integration is higher), the coaxiality of parts on the shaft is easily ensured, the processing is easier, the integration level is high, and the reliability of the whole machine is high.

Annular rubber ring dampers are sleeved at two ends of the radial bearing.

The above examples are provided to those of ordinary skill in the art to fully disclose and describe how to make and use the claimed embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure herein. Modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An air-cooled compressor, characterized by: the device comprises a rotor, an impeller and at least one main air passage, wherein the rotor is sleeved with a motor, and a shell is arranged outside the motor; the shell is enclosed at the tail end of the gas compressor to form a high-pressure cavity, the impeller is sleeved at the tail end of the rotor and arranged facing the gas inlet, the main gas passage is arranged around the stator, and an outlet at the tail end of the main gas passage is connected with the high-pressure gas cavity through the impeller; the impeller is a closed impeller, and the specific structure is as follows: the blade-free telescopic sleeve comprises a rear cover, blades, a sleeve body and a front cover, wherein the rear cover is arranged at the tail end of the sleeve body, and a through hole which is integrated with the center of the sleeve body is arranged in the rear cover for being sleeved and fixed on a rotating shaft; the blades are arranged around the sleeve body and rotate towards the same direction, one end of each blade is connected with the outer wall of the sleeve body, and the other end of each blade is connected with the end face of the rear cover; the front cover is arranged on the blade, and the stator covers the front cover; the front cover is circular truncated cone-shaped; the air inlet surface of the front cover is a curved surface which is in smooth transition along the profile of the ridge line of the blade, the air outlet surface is provided with grooves which are matched with the end parts of the blade, and the end parts of the blade corresponding to the grooves are embedded into the grooves and are in tight fit connection; a flow passage is formed among the blade, the rear cover and the front cover; the air outlet is separated by the blades between the tail part of the front cover and the rear cover, and the air flows out of the air outlet from the front part of the blades through the flow channel.

2. The air-cooled compressor of claim 1, wherein: the rear cover, the blades and the sleeve body are integrally formed;

or/and: the outer edge of the blade protrudes out of the end face of the rear cover in the axial direction;

or/and: the blades comprise longer main blades and shorter splitter blades, and the main blades and the splitter blades are sequentially arranged at intervals; the front cover groove is divided into a main blade groove and a splitter blade groove which are respectively arranged corresponding to the end parts of the main blade and the splitter blade;

or/and: the front edge of the front cover protrudes out of the front edge of the blade, or is parallel to the front edge of the blade, or is shorter than the front edge of the blade.

3. The air-cooled compressor of claim 1, wherein: the front cover is made of carbon fiber composite material.

4. The air-cooled compressor of claim 1, wherein: the impeller sets up to multistage, and each grade impeller series connection cover is established on the rotor, and the gas outlet of last one-level impeller communicates the air inlet of next stage impeller, compresses gas step by step.

5. The air-cooled compressor of claim 1, wherein: the shell comprises a first shell, a second shell and a third shell, and the main air passage comprises a first air passage or/and a third air passage; the stator and the coil are covered with a first shell, and the stator is fixed with the first shell; the front end and the tail end of the first shell are respectively provided with a first front end cover and a first rear end cover; the second shell is arranged around the first shell, and the tail end of the second shell is provided with a second end cover; the third shell is arranged at the tail end of the gas compressor and forms a high-pressure cavity with the second end cover in an enclosing mode; the cavity between the first shell and the second shell and the cavity between the first rear end cover and the second end cover form the first air channel; the third air passage axially penetrates through the stator.

6. The air-cooled compressor of claim 5, wherein: and one or more circles of air holes are uniformly formed in the part, opposite to the impeller blades or the front cover, of the second end cover.

7. The air-cooled compressor of claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein: the rotor is sleeved with a radial bearing or is not provided with the radial bearing;

or/and: the radial bearing is selected from a static pressure gas bearing, a dynamic pressure gas bearing or a dynamic and static pressure mixed gas bearing;

or/and: annular rubber ring dampers are sleeved at two ends of the radial bearing.

8. The air-cooled compressor of claim 6, wherein: the compressor further comprises a second air passage; and a second air passage is formed by a gap between the stator and the coil in front of the outer wall of the rotor, a gap between the stator and the coil and the first front end cover, and a gap between the stator and the coil and the first rear end cover, an inlet of the second air passage is arranged at the front end of the first shell or on the first front end cover, and an outlet of the second air passage is arranged on the first rear end cover and is communicated with the first air passage or/and the third air passage.

9. The air-cooled compressor of claim 1 or 6, wherein: the air inlet end of the rotor is provided with a thrust bearing which comprises a first thrust disc and a second thrust disc, the two thrust discs respectively comprise a disc part and a sleeve part, the sleeve parts of the two thrust discs are fixedly connected to the rotor in a butt joint mode, a thrust groove is formed between the inner end face of each thrust disc and the outer portion of each sleeve part, and the thrust bearing is arranged in each thrust groove; the two sides of the part, protruding out of the thrust groove, of the top of the thrust bearing are respectively clamped by a cover body and a shell, and the cover body is fixedly connected with the shell.

10. The air-cooled compressor of claim 9, wherein: the thrust bearing is a hybrid dynamic and static pressure air bearing; the thrust bearing comprises a first thrust part and a second thrust part, the first thrust part and the second thrust part are arranged oppositely, and the end surface of the inner side of the second thrust part is provided with an annular air cavity which is communicated with external air; a first gap between the end face of the inner side of the first thrust disc and the end face of the outer side of the first thrust part is communicated with the annular air cavity through an air hole, a second gap between the end face of the inner side of the second thrust disc and the end face of the outer side of the second thrust part is communicated with the annular air cavity through an air hole, a third gap between the side wall of the inner ring of the second thrust part and the side wall of the thrust groove is communicated with the annular air cavity through an air hole, and an air inlet pipe is arranged on the shell and is communicated with the annular air cavity through an;

or/and spring dampers or rubber ring dampers are arranged between the outer end face of the first thrust part and the cover body and between the outer end face of the second thrust part and the shell; or/and a spring damper or a rubber ring damper is arranged between the inner end surface of the first thrust part and the inner end surface of the second thrust part;

or/and air grooves are arranged on the outer end faces of the first thrust part and the second thrust part; or/and air grooves are arranged on the surfaces of the two thrust discs, which are opposite to the outer end surfaces of the first thrust part and the second thrust part respectively.