CN114635787A - Thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine - Google Patents

Thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114635787A
CN114635787A CN202210132401.7A CN202210132401A CN114635787A CN 114635787 A CN114635787 A CN 114635787A CN 202210132401 A CN202210132401 A CN 202210132401A CN 114635787 A CN114635787 A CN 114635787A
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ammonia
engine
mixed
mixed fuel
pipeline
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CN202210132401.7A
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彭力上
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Priority to CN202210132401.7A priority Critical patent/CN114635787A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/077269 priority patent/WO2023151122A1/en
Publication of CN114635787A publication Critical patent/CN114635787A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine, which comprises an ammonia tank, a pressure regulator, an ammonia preheating and decomposing device, a mixed fuel cooling device, a mixed fuel injection device, an engine and a tail gas treatment device, wherein the ammonia preheating and decomposing device is connected with the mixed fuel cooling device; the invention adopts the method of recovering the exhaust waste heat and pyrolyzing the ammonia fuel, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency. The low-temperature high-pressure ammonia enters an ammonia decomposition device heated by exhaust gas after being subjected to pressure regulation, is decomposed to generate ammonia-hydrogen-nitrogen mixed fuel, is cooled by a cooling device, and enters an engine for combustion and work application by an air-fuel mixed injection device. The engine exhaust passes through the ammonia decomposition device, part of heat energy is recovered, and then the heat energy is discharged, so that the content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust is reduced and eliminated, and the emission reaching the standard is realized.

Description

Thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to a thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine.
Background
With the further humanity of the environmental protection concept, the emission requirements on energy power devices are becoming stricter, and low carbon and carbon free are becoming more and more.
Fossil fuels used by the existing engine are all carbon-containing, carbon dioxide emission can be generated during operation, the emission amount is high or low along with different fuel emission amounts, and technically feasible alternative ways are as follows: 1. the electric power is replaced by the electric motor, the electric power of the electric motor is used for driving a power battery, but the electric power replacement mode has low energy density and low charging speed, and is not suitable for transportation of heavy-duty vehicles, ships, aviation and the like; 2. hydrogen can be used as a substitute, hydrogen is used as a clean fuel, the emission is only water, but the hydrogen has low density, low liquefaction temperature and difficult storage and transportation, and is difficult to apply in the fields of heavy-duty vehicles, ships, aviation and the like; 3. the synthetic fuel, namely adopting clean electric power such as photovoltaic power, wind power and the like to prepare hydrogen, and artificially synthesizing the fuel (hydrogen and compounds thereof), wherein ammonia is used as a hydrogen-nitrogen compound, and has better application prospect because of no carbon, easy preparation and easy transportation.
The ammonia is invented as a chemical fertilizer for more than 100 years, the production technology is mature, and more than 2 hundred million tons of ammonia are produced and transported every year in the world. The existing ammonia production mode adopts coal, natural gas and other carbon-containing raw materials to prepare ammonia, can be conveniently replaced by the synthesis of ammonia by hydrogen production through water electrolysis, and realizes no carbon emission in the whole process. The ammonia is used as the fuel, although the calorific value is lower, the storage and transportation are more convenient than hydrogen, and the ammonia is one of the compounds with the highest hydrogen content at present, but the ammonia is still rare as the fuel, and the main reasons are that the hydrogen-nitrogen-hydrogen circulation efficiency is lower, the calorific value of the fuel is low, the hydrogen separation is difficult, the combustion is difficult, the total energy efficiency is lower when the ammonia is used for a fuel cell, the combustion is slow, the ignition is difficult and other problems exist when the ammonia is used for an internal combustion engine, and the combustion-supporting fuel needs to be added, so that the popularization and the application of the ammonia as the carbon-free fuel are influenced.
Ammonia is used in internal combustion engines, has a high compression ratio, and is easier to improve engine efficiency. Although the heat value of ammonia is low, the system is better than a direct hydrogen storage system in terms of the proportion of the energy effectively carried by the system; the exhaust temperature of the internal combustion engine is high and is close to the decomposition temperature of ammonia, the internal combustion engine can be mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen by pyrolyzing ammonia, certain energy needs to be absorbed during ammonia pyrolysis, and the internal energy of the mixed gas after all pyrolysis is more than that of ammonia (the energy can be increased by about 16%), so that part of exhaust energy can be recycled, the efficiency of the engine is improved, and meanwhile, the problem that the ignition of single pure ammonia fuel is difficult is solved by taking hydrogen in the mixed gas as combustion-supporting fuel. The ammonia fuel engine does not contain carbon dioxide in emission, and when ammonia is not completely pyrolyzed, the nitrogen oxide content is higher, and the ammonia or the mixed gas can be used for catalytic decomposition or is injected into an exhaust pipe to catalytically decompose the exhaust nitrogen oxide.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine comprises an ammonia tank, a pressure regulator, an ammonia preheating and decomposing device, a mixed fuel cooling device, a mixed fuel injection device, an engine and a tail gas treatment device;
the ammonia tank outputs ammonia to the pressure regulator through a pipeline; the pressure regulator outputs ammonia to the ammonia preheating and decomposing device through a pipeline; the ammonia preheating and decomposing device outputs ammonia to the mixed fuel cooling device through a pipeline; the mixed fuel cooling device outputs mixed fuel to the mixed fuel injection device through a pipeline; the mixed fuel injection device is connected with the injection end of the engine through a pipeline, and is also provided with an air inlet pipe so that air enters the mixed fuel injection device and is mixed with mixed fuel in the mixed fuel injection device; the engine is provided with a heating channel, and the heating channel is connected with the ammonia preheating and decomposing device through a pipeline, so that hot gas emitted by the engine enters the ammonia preheating and decomposing device; the ammonia preheating and decomposing device outputs gas to the tail gas treatment device through a pipeline; the tail gas treatment device is provided with a gas discharge pipe.
Preferably, the device further comprises an auxiliary starting device, wherein the auxiliary starting device is one or a combination of two of the gas storage device and the afterburning device.
Preferably, the gas storage device is arranged between the mixed fuel cooling device and the mixed fuel injection device, and the mixed fuel cooling device is connected with the inlet of the gas storage device through a gas pressurization valve and outputs the surplus mixed fuel gas to the gas storage device; the outlet of the gas storage device is connected with the mixed fuel injection device through a gas pressure reducing valve.
Preferably, the afterburning device sets up between engine heating passageway and ammonia preheat and decomposition device, voltage regulator, the voltage regulator passes through pipeline output ammonia to afterburning device, the engine intake pipe passes through pipeline output air to afterburning device, engine heating passageway passes through pipeline exhaust gas to afterburning device, the afterburning device passes through pipeline exhaust gas to ammonia preheat and decomposition device.
Preferably, the exhaust gas treatment device is an NSC exhaust gas treatment device or an SCR exhaust gas treatment device.
After the scheme is adopted, the invention has the following advantages: the invention adopts the method of recovering the exhaust waste heat and pyrolyzing the ammonia fuel, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency. The low-temperature high-pressure ammonia enters an ammonia decomposition device heated by exhaust gas after being subjected to pressure regulation, is decomposed to generate ammonia-hydrogen-nitrogen mixed fuel, is cooled by a cooling device, and enters an engine for combustion and work application by an air-fuel mixed injection device. The engine exhaust passes through the ammonia decomposition device, part of heat energy is recovered, and then the heat energy is discharged, so that the content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust is reduced and eliminated, and the emission reaching the standard is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed type ammonia fuel engine of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, the orientations or positional relationships are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but the terms do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" represents at least 2.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example one
With reference to fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine, which includes an ammonia tank 1, a pressure regulator 2, an ammonia preheating and decomposing device 3, a mixed fuel cooling device 4, a mixed fuel injection device 5, an engine 6, and a tail gas treatment device 7;
the ammonia tank 1 outputs ammonia to the pressure regulator 2 through a pipeline, and the pressure of the ammonia fuel is adjusted to the required pressure; the pressure regulator 2 outputs ammonia to the ammonia preheating and decomposing device 3 through a pipeline; the ammonia preheating and decomposing device 3 outputs ammonia to the mixed fuel cooling device 4 through a pipeline; the mixed fuel cooling device 4 outputs the mixed fuel to the mixed fuel injection device 5 through a pipeline; the mixed fuel injection device 5 is connected with an injection end 8 of the engine through a pipeline, and meanwhile, the mixed fuel injection device 5 is also provided with an air inlet pipe 9, so that air enters the mixed fuel injection device 5 to be mixed with mixed fuel in the mixed fuel injection device and then is injected into the engine; the engine 6 is provided with a heating channel 10, and the heating channel 10 is connected with the ammonia preheating and decomposing device 3 through a pipeline, so that hot gas emitted by the engine 6 enters the ammonia preheating and decomposing device 3; the ammonia preheating and decomposing device 3 outputs gas to the tail gas treatment device 7 through a pipeline; the exhaust gas treatment device 7 is provided with a gas discharge pipe.
The ammonia fuel preheating and decomposing device in the embodiment heats the fuel channel by using the exhaust gas of the engine, the fuel channel is internally provided with a catalyst (platinum, ruthenium, iron, nickel and the like or other materials), and ammonia is heated and then contacts with the catalyst to be decomposed into hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas;
the mixed fuel cooling device utilizes air or an engine cooling system to cool the ammonia-hydrogen-nitrogen mixed fuel gas, and the decomposed ammonia-hydrogen-nitrogen mixed fuel can be mixed with air or combustion-supporting gas only by cooling, so that the explosion accident caused by explosion due to thermal mixing is avoided;
the mixed fuel is required to be mixed with air in proportion and then injected into the engine to perform combustion work, a metal wire mesh is arranged in the mixed fuel injection device to form an anti-backfire device, and when the valve is not closed tightly, flame is prevented from flowing backwards to ignite air-fuel mixed gas which does not enter the engine;
the tail gas treatment device can use a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic reduction technology NSC, engine exhaust is rich in nitrogen oxide, the engine exhaust can be discharged into the atmosphere after being treated, the NSC technology is adopted for tail gas treatment, the nitrogen oxide is decomposed and reduced into nitrogen and oxygen, in addition, a afterburner can be used for adjusting the temperature of the tail gas entering the NSC, and the reduction efficiency is ensured.
The tail gas treatment device can also use a selective reduction catalytic SCR technology, a small amount of ammonia is added into the exhaust gas of the engine, NOx is catalytically reduced into nitrogen, oxygen and water after the ammonia is contacted with titanium dioxide, and in addition, an afterburner can be used for adjusting the amount of ammonia-hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas entering the SCR, so that the reduction efficiency is ensured.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the present embodiment further includes an auxiliary starting device, and the auxiliary starting device is one or a combination of two of the gas storage device 11 and the afterburning device 12.
The gas storage device 11 is arranged between the mixed fuel cooling device 4 and the mixed fuel injection device 5, and the mixed fuel cooling device 4 is connected with the inlet of the gas storage device 11 through the gas pressurization valve 12 and outputs surplus mixed fuel gas to the gas storage device 11; the outlet of the gas storage device 11 is connected with the mixed fuel injection device 5 through a gas pressure reducing valve 13.
The afterburning device 14 is arranged between the engine heating channel 10 and the ammonia preheating and decomposing device 3 and the pressure regulator 2, the pressure regulator 2 outputs ammonia to the afterburning device 14 through a pipeline, the engine air inlet pipe outputs air to the afterburning device 14 through a pipeline 9, the engine heating channel 10 exhausts gas to the afterburning device 14 through a pipeline, and the afterburning device 14 exhausts gas to the ammonia preheating and decomposing device 3 through a pipeline.
The auxiliary starting device is used for supplying fuel before the engine is started and in the initial starting period, high-temperature exhaust is not generated or the exhaust temperature is low, and ammonia fuel is not decomposed sufficiently; the auxiliary starting device comprises a mixed gas storage tank, wherein when the engine runs, part of mixed gas is compressed and then injected into the storage tank, when the engine is started, the mixed gas in the storage tank is released, and mixed ammonia is supplied to the engine for combustion; and secondly, when the ammonia preheating and decomposing device supplies insufficient heat, the mixed gas generated by the ammonia fuel without decomposition or decomposition has insufficient hydrogen content, and the supplementary combustion device provides additional heat for the ammonia preheating and decomposing device.
When the invention is applied: (1) preheating ammonia fuel by engine cooling water, and heating low-temperature ammonia from a fuel tank to obtain gaseous ammonia;
(2) the preheated gaseous ammonia enters an ammonia pyrolysis device, and the ammonia fuel is subjected to partial or total pyrolysis through engine exhaust heating and catalysts (iron, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, nickel and the like) to form mixed gas fuel (hereinafter referred to as mixed gas) consisting of hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia;
(3) cooling the high-temperature mixed gas in an intercooler before the high-temperature mixed gas enters the engine;
(4) the cooled mixed gas is injected into an air inlet pipe of the engine through a mixing valve, and enters the engine after being mixed with air;
(5) high-temperature tail gas discharged by combustion of the engine enters an ammonia pyrolysis device to be heated and decomposed into ammonia fuel;
(6) after engine exhaust is discharged through an ammonia pyrolysis device, the temperature is reduced to about 200 ℃, partial mixed gas is properly injected through detecting the content of nitrogen oxide in an exhaust pipe, and the mixed gas and the nitrogen oxide are selectively catalyzed under the action of an exhaust catalyst, so that the content of the nitrogen oxide in the exhaust is reduced and eliminated, and the standard emission is realized.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine is characterized by comprising an ammonia tank, a pressure regulator, an ammonia preheating and decomposing device, a mixed fuel cooling device, a mixed fuel injection device, an engine and a tail gas treatment device;
the ammonia tank outputs ammonia to the pressure regulator through a pipeline; the pressure regulator outputs ammonia to the ammonia preheating and decomposing device through a pipeline; the ammonia preheating and decomposing device outputs ammonia to the mixed fuel cooling device through a pipeline; the mixed fuel cooling device outputs mixed fuel to the mixed fuel injection device through a pipeline; the mixed fuel injection device is connected with the injection end of the engine through a pipeline, and is also provided with an air inlet pipe so that air enters the mixed fuel injection device and is mixed with mixed fuel in the mixed fuel injection device; the engine is provided with a heating channel, and the heating channel is connected with the ammonia preheating and decomposing device through a pipeline, so that hot gas emitted by the engine enters the ammonia preheating and decomposing device; the ammonia preheating and decomposing device outputs gas to the tail gas treatment device through a pipeline; the tail gas treatment device is provided with a gas discharge pipe.
2. The ammonia fuel engine of claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary starting device, wherein the auxiliary starting device is one or a combination of an air storage device and a post-combustion device.
3. The ammonia fuel engine of claim 2, wherein the gas storage device is disposed between the mixed fuel cooling device and the mixed fuel injection device, and the mixed fuel cooling device is connected to the inlet of the gas storage device through a gas pressurization valve and outputs the surplus mixed fuel gas to the gas storage device; the outlet of the gas storage device is connected with the mixed fuel injection device through a gas pressure reducing valve.
4. The thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed type ammonia fuel engine according to claim 2, wherein the afterburning device is disposed between the engine heating channel and the ammonia preheating and decomposing device and the pressure regulator, the pressure regulator outputs ammonia to the afterburning device through a pipeline, the engine intake pipe outputs air to the afterburning device through a pipeline, the engine heating channel exhausts gas to the afterburning device through a pipeline, and the afterburning device exhausts gas to the ammonia preheating and decomposing device through a pipeline.
5. The thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed type ammonia fuel engine according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device is an NSC exhaust gas treatment device or an SCR exhaust gas treatment device.
CN202210132401.7A 2022-02-14 2022-02-14 Thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed ammonia fuel engine Pending CN114635787A (en)

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PCT/CN2022/077269 WO2023151122A1 (en) 2022-02-14 2022-02-22 Thermal decomposition low-pressure mixed type ammonia fuel engine

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JP2013029039A (en) * 2011-07-27 2013-02-07 Denso Corp Fuel supply system
CN104675580B (en) * 2015-02-13 2017-01-11 王海斌 Novel automobile engine hydrogen and ammonia blended fuel supply device
JP7278544B2 (en) * 2019-04-26 2023-05-22 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 Fuel reformer and fuel reforming method
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JP2021161921A (en) * 2020-03-31 2021-10-11 国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 Ammonia combustion method, ammonia combustion engine and vessel mounted therewith
CN112483243B (en) * 2020-11-24 2022-02-11 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) Ammonia engine based on plasma online cracking, ignition and combustion supporting
CN112761826A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-07 福州大学化肥催化剂国家工程研究中心 Supercharged engine and ammonia fuel hybrid power generation system
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