CN114635732B - Expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114635732B CN114635732B CN202210559814.3A CN202210559814A CN114635732B CN 114635732 B CN114635732 B CN 114635732B CN 202210559814 A CN202210559814 A CN 202210559814A CN 114635732 B CN114635732 B CN 114635732B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003195 fascia Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008846 dynamic interplay Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
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Abstract
The application provides an expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod and a construction method thereof. In the expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod, one end of a rod body is provided with an anchoring head; the vibration isolation sleeve is provided with a plurality of vibration isolation sleeves, the length and the diameter of each vibration isolation sleeve are different, the vibration isolation sleeves are sequentially sleeved according to the diameter along the radial direction of the rod body, one end of each vibration isolation sleeve is abutted against the anchoring head, and the other end of each vibration isolation sleeve is provided with a vibration isolation supporting plate extending along the radial direction; the vibration isolation supporting plate corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve attached to the outer peripheral wall of the rod body is contacted with the steel supporting plate; the fastener meets with the steel layer board, and can apply the pretightning force to the steel layer board along body of rod axial to make the steel layer board compress tightly rather than the vibration isolation layer board that contacts. Therefore, the anchor rod is sequentially segmented and layered from the inside to the outside of the drill hole, so that the friction force between the rod body of the anchor rod and the drill hole is increased, the anti-seismic energy absorption effect is effectively improved, the dynamic interaction among the drill hole, the surrounding rock and the anchor rod support body is effectively weakened, and the dynamic energy between the drill hole and the anchor body is absorbed.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod and a construction method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the vigorous demand of low space development, the construction of underground constructions, national defense constructions, mine constructions, nuclear waste deep burial and other underground constructions is in the spotlight, and the underground construction development is continuously moving to deep parts and even reaches the depth below 4000m underground. In the face of vigorous development requirements of underground spaces, the safety, stability and sustainability of underground space utilization are especially important to guarantee.
In tunnel construction, the anchor rod is used as a common component of tunnel support, the types of the anchor rod are more, and due to the dynamic interaction between the anchor rod support system and surrounding rocks, particularly the earthquake interaction between an anchor rod body and a drilled hole, the anchor rod support system is frequently broken down and seriously damaged under strong earthquake disasters.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to provide an expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod and a construction method thereof, so as to solve or alleviate the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the application provides an expansion type antidetonation supporting stock, includes: the vibration isolation device comprises a rod body, a vibration isolation sleeve, a vibration isolation supporting plate, a steel supporting plate and a fastener; one end of the rod body is provided with an anchoring head; the vibration isolation sleeves are different in length and diameter, the vibration isolation sleeves are sequentially sleeved according to the diameter along the radial direction of the rod body, one ends of the vibration isolation sleeves are abutted to the anchoring heads, and the other end of each vibration isolation sleeve is provided with the vibration isolation supporting plate extending along the radial direction; the vibration isolation supporting plate corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve attached to the outer peripheral wall of the rod body is in contact with the steel supporting plate; the fastener is connected with the steel supporting plate and can apply pretightening force to the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body so that the steel supporting plate compresses the vibration isolation supporting plate contacted with the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body.
Preferably, along the extension direction of the radial direction of the rod body, the following components are adopted:
determining a length of the vibration isolation sleeve;
wherein,
is a first
The length of each of said vibration isolation sleeves,
，
as to the number of the vibration isolating sleeves,
is a positive integer and is a non-zero integer,
is the length of the rod body.
Preferably, the fastener is a fastening nut; correspondingly, be equipped with on the body of rod with the external screw thread of fastening nut looks adaptation, and according to:
determining the pre-tightening force stroke of the fastening nut along the axial direction of the rod body; wherein,
representing a pretension stroke of the tightening nut;
the length of the 1 st vibration isolation sleeve is shown.
Preferably, the anchoring head is conical, and the conical bottom surface of the anchoring head abuts against the end of the vibration isolation sleeve; wherein, according to the following steps:
determining a tapered bottom surface diameter of the anchoring head; in the formula,
representing the diameter of the conical bottom surface of the anchoring head,
is the diameter of the rod body, and is,
as to the number of the vibration isolating sleeves,
is a positive integer and is a non-zero integer,
is the thickness of the vibration isolating sleeve,
the maximum size of the vibration isolation supporting plate along the radial direction of the rod body is represented.
Preferably, the thickness of the vibration insulating sleeve is in the range of [2,10] mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the vibration isolation support plate is larger than that of the steel support plate.
Preferably, the vibration isolation sleeve and the vibration isolation support plate are integrally formed.
The embodiment of the application also provides a construction method of the expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod, the construction is carried out by adopting any expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod, and the construction method of the expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod comprises the following steps:
step S101, assembling an anchor rod: sequentially sleeving a plurality of vibration isolation sleeves and corresponding vibration isolation supporting plates on the rod body according to the diameter, and connecting the end part of each vibration isolation sleeve with an anchoring head at the end part of the rod body;
step S102, drilling an anchor hole with the diameter larger than the diameter of an circumscribed circle of the vibration isolation supporting plate, placing the assembled anchor rod into the anchor hole, pouring cement mortar into the anchor hole until the vibration isolation supporting plate corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve with the largest diameter is wrapped, and performing pre-tensioning after the cement mortar is condensed, wherein the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the vibration isolation sleeve wrapped by the cement mortar;
s103, continuously pouring cement mortar into the anchor rod after the anchor rod is positioned at the tensioning stop position corresponding to each vibration isolation sleeve, and performing pre-tensioning, wherein the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the corresponding vibration isolation sleeve;
and S104, after all the vibration isolation sleeves are grouted and tensioned, applying pretightening force to the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body through a fastener so that the steel supporting plate compresses the vibration isolation supporting plate contacted with the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body.
Has the advantages that:
the application provides an expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod, wherein an anchoring head is arranged at one end of a rod body; the vibration isolation sleeve is sequentially sleeved on the rod body according to the diameter by a plurality of vibration isolation sleeves with different lengths and different diameters along the radial direction of the rod body, the end part of each vibration isolation sleeve is abutted against the anchoring head, and the other end of each vibration isolation sleeve is provided with a vibration isolation supporting plate extending along the radial direction; the vibration isolation supporting plate corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve attached to the outer peripheral wall of the rod body is contacted with the steel supporting plate; the steel supporting plate is applied with pretightening force along the axial direction of the rod body through the fastener contacted with the steel supporting plate, so that the steel supporting plate is pressed tightly with the vibration isolation supporting plate contacted with the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body. Therefore, the anchor rod is sequentially segmented and layered from the inside to the outside of the drill hole, so that the friction force between the rod body of the anchor rod and the drill hole is increased, the anti-seismic and energy-absorbing effects are effectively improved, the dynamic interaction among the drill hole, the surrounding rock and the anchor rod supporting body is effectively weakened, the dynamic energy between the drill hole and the anchoring body is absorbed, the high bearing and energy-absorbing performance is realized under the dynamic load action of earthquake, blasting and the like, and the dynamic energy between the surrounding rock and the steel supporting plate is effectively absorbed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intumescent anti-seismic support bolt provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod and mortar and rock mass in an initial stage of construction according to some embodiments of the application;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an intermediate stage of construction of an intumescent anti-seismic support bolt provided according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic representation of an expanded anti-seismic support bolt provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application after construction;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of an expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod according to some embodiments of the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
101. a rod body; 102. a vibration isolation sleeve; 103. a vibration isolation support plate; 104. a steel pallet; 105. a fastener; 111. an anchoring head.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. The various examples are provided by way of explanation of the application and are not limiting of the application. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present application cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the expansion type anti-seismic support bolt includes: a rod body 101, a vibration isolation sleeve 102, a vibration isolation supporting plate 103, a steel supporting plate 104 and a fastener 105; one end of the rod body 101 is provided with an anchoring head 111; a plurality of vibration isolation sleeves 102 are arranged, the length and the diameter of each vibration isolation sleeve 102 are different, the plurality of vibration isolation sleeves 102 are sequentially sleeved according to the diameter along the radial direction of the rod body 101, one end of each vibration isolation sleeve 102 is abutted to the anchoring head 111, and the other end of each vibration isolation sleeve 102 is provided with a vibration isolation supporting plate 103 extending along the radial direction; the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve 102 attached to the outer peripheral wall of the rod body 101 is in contact with the steel supporting plate 104; the fastener 105 is connected with the steel supporting plate 104 and can apply pretightening force to the steel supporting plate 104 along the axial direction of the rod body 101, so that the steel supporting plate 104 presses the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 which is in contact with the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body 101.
In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration isolation sleeve 102 is made of a high damping elastic material. The vibration isolation sleeves 102 are arranged on the periphery of the rod body 101, and in the anchor rod supporting process, for each vibration isolation sleeve 102, the corresponding vibration isolation sleeve 102 is contracted along the axial direction through pretension and expanded along the radial direction; after the anchor rod supporting is completed, the vibration isolation sleeve 102 absorbs and weakens the dynamic interaction between the anchor rod and surrounding rocks after supporting, particularly the earthquake interaction between the anchor rod and a drill hole, and the stability of the tunnel anchor rod supporting system is enhanced.
In a specific example, the damping of the vibration isolation sleeve 102 is 150% to effectively absorb shock energy under anchor blasting or earthquake action, so as to weaken dynamic interaction between the anchor and surrounding rock after supporting and enhance the stability of the tunnel anchor supporting system. It is understood that the damping of the plurality of vibration isolation sleeves 102 may be the same or different, but the minimum damping is 150% to meet the requirement of absorbing the vibration energy and avoid the anchor rod from loosening and falling off. When a plurality of vibration isolation sleeves 102 adopt the same damping, the difficulty of sleeving the vibration isolation sleeves 102 on the anchor rod can be effectively reduced, and the construction efficiency of the anchor rod supporting system is improved.
It should be noted that the damping of the plurality of vibration isolation sleeves 102 sleeved on the rod body 101 is the same, and the length and diameter dimensions are different. Specifically, the length of the vibration isolating sleeve 102 is determined according to equation (1) along the radial extension direction of the rod body 101. Equation (1) is as follows:
wherein,
is as follows
The length of the individual vibration isolation sleeves 102,
，
as to the number of vibration isolation sleeves 102,
is a positive integer and is a non-zero integer,
the length of the rod 101.
In a specific application scenario, the number of the vibration isolation sleeves 102 is 3, the shortest vibration isolation sleeve 102 has a length of 1/3 times the length of the rod body 101 of the anchor rod, the middle vibration isolation sleeve 102 has a length of 2/3 times the length of the rod body 101 of the anchor rod, and the longest vibration isolation sleeve 102 has the same length as the rod body 101 of the anchor rod. Therefore, the vibration isolation sleeve 102 with the damping of 150% can be ensured to have a proper shrinkage stroke along the axial direction in the pre-tensioning process, and wrinkles are generated after the vibration isolation sleeve expands along the radial direction, so that the friction between the vibration isolation sleeve and a drilled hole is increased, and the anchoring force of the anchor rod is increased.
In the construction process, an anchor rod with a vibration isolation sleeve 102 is inserted into a drill hole, cement mortar is poured into the drill hole until the cement mortar wraps the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 corresponding to the innermost vibration isolation sleeve 102 (namely the vibration isolation sleeve 102 with the largest diameter), and pretensioning is carried out after the cement mortar is condensed, wherein the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the vibration isolation sleeve 102. And then, fixing the anchor rod at a first tensioning stop position (a stop position of pre-tensioning the vibration isolation sleeve 102 with the largest diameter), continuously pouring cement mortar until the cement mortar wraps the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve 102, and performing pre-tensioning after the cement mortar is set, wherein the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the vibration isolation sleeve 102. And sequentially circulating until all the vibration isolation sleeves 102 are pretensioned, and applying pretightening force to the steel supporting plate 104 along the axial direction of the rod body 101 through the fastening piece 105 so that the steel supporting plate 104 compresses the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 which is in contact with the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body 101. Here, each section of vibration isolation sleeve 102 is pretensioned after cement mortar is poured and condensed, the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the corresponding vibration isolation sleeve 102, even if the vibration isolation sleeve 102 has at least 10% of length to expand, the anchoring force of the anchor rod is increased, impedance is enhanced, the dynamic interaction between the anchor rod and surrounding rock after supporting is absorbed and weakened, particularly the earthquake interaction between the anchor rod and a drill hole, and the stability of a tunnel anchor rod supporting system is enhanced.
After the longest (smallest diameter) vibration isolation sleeve 102 is pretensioned, a pretension force is applied to the steel support plate 104 along the axial direction of the rod 101 by the fastener 105. Specifically, the fastening member 105 is a fastening nut, and correspondingly, the rod body 101 is provided with an external thread adapted to the fastening nut, and the pretightening force stroke of the fastening nut along the axial direction of the rod body 101 is determined according to the formula (2). Equation (2) is as follows:
wherein,
showing the pretension travel of the tightening nut,
the length of the 1 st vibration isolation sleeve 102 is shown.
Here, the external thread is provided on the rod body 101 of the anchor rod, so that the fastening nut is matched with the external thread on the rod body 101, and the applied pretightening force is adjusted by screwing or loosening the fastening nut on the rod body 101. Specifically, the external thread and the anchoring head 111 are respectively disposed at two ends of the rod 101, and the length of the external thread is designed to be one tenth of the rod length, so that when applying the pre-tightening force, the fastening nut is screwed to the end close to the steel supporting plate 104. Therefore, the control of the pretightening force is realized quickly and effectively, the numerical monitoring of specific pretensioning is not needed, and the construction speed and the construction efficiency are further effectively improved.
In the embodiment of the present application, the end of each vibration isolation sleeve 102 is limited by the anchor head 111, so that the vibration isolation sleeve 102 can contract in the axial direction and expand in the radial direction after the anchor rod is pretensioned. In the process, the anchor rod needs to be inserted into a pre-drilled hole, specifically, an anchor hole with a diameter larger than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 is drilled, and the assembled anchor rod is inserted into the anchor hole.
In a specific example, the anchor head 111 is tapered, and the bottom surface of the taper of the anchor head 111 abuts the end of the vibration isolation sleeve 102; wherein the diameter of the conical bottom surface of the anchoring head 111 is determined according to equation (3). Equation (3) is as follows:
wherein,
the diameter of the tapered bottom surface of the anchor head 111 is shown,
is the diameter of the rod body 101 and,
as to the number of vibration isolation sleeves 102,
is a positive integer and is a non-zero integer,
being the thickness of the vibration isolation sleeve 102,
which represents the maximum dimension of the vibration isolation mount 103 in the radial direction of the rod body 101.
Here, formula (3) can effectively ensure that the end of each vibration isolation sleeve 102 can abut against the tapered bottom surface of the anchor head 111, so that in the pretensioning process, the vibration isolation sleeve 102 is limited in the axial direction, the vibration isolation sleeve 102 can further effectively contract in the axial direction and expand in the radial direction, the dynamic interaction between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock after the support is absorbed and weakened, particularly the seismic interaction between the anchor rod and the drill hole, and the stability of the tunnel anchor rod support system is enhanced.
In this application, toper anchor head 111 is guaranteeing every vibration isolation sleeve 102 pretension in-process, can carry on spacingly along the axial to every vibration isolation sleeve 102, simultaneously, is favorable to the stock quick, effectual insert the anchor eye in, reduces the resistance when the stock inserts the die hole, reduces intensity of labour.
In a specific application scenario, the thickness of the vibration isolation sleeve 102 ranges from 2,10 millimeters. Specifically, the number of the vibration isolation sleeves 102 is 3, the thickness of each vibration isolation sleeve 102 is 3 mm, and the diameter of the rod body 101 of the anchor rod is 20 mm. It should be appreciated that when the number of vibration isolation sleeves 102 is excessive, the overall thickness of the sleeves is too thick and the vibration isolation sleeves 102 do not expand (buckle) during anchoring and do not act to increase friction. If the number of the vibration isolation sleeves 102 is too small, the total thickness of the sleeves is too thin, and the vibration isolation sleeves 102 have poor vibration and energy absorption effects on the anchoring heads 111 in the anchoring process. The thickness of the vibration isolation sleeve 102 is designed to be 3 mm, so that the vibration isolation sleeve 102 can be stretched and patterned more easily in the anchoring process, and the effect of increasing friction force is achieved.
In the embodiment of the present application, the rod body 101 is made of deformed steel, the vibration isolation sleeve 102 is cylindrical, and a through hole is formed in the middle of the vibration isolation supporting plate 103, and the size of the through hole is matched with the size of the rod body 101. Further, a mounting counter bore is formed in one surface, which is in contact with the end surface of the vibration isolation sleeve 102, of the vibration isolation supporting plate 103, and in the process of matching the vibration isolation sleeve 102 with the vibration isolation supporting plate 103, the end portion of the vibration isolation sleeve 102 is inserted into the mounting counter bore. In addition, the vibration isolation sleeve 102 and the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 can be integrally molded by casting, so that the stability of the vibration isolation sleeve 102 and the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 can be enhanced.
In the embodiment of the application, the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 matched with the vibration isolation sleeve 102 with the smallest diameter is connected with the steel supporting plate 104, specifically, the thickness of the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 is larger than that of the steel supporting plate 104, so that the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 and the steel supporting plate 104 form a rigid-flexible structure, the interaction between dynamic loads (such as blasting, earthquake and the like) and the steel supporting plate 104 is effectively reduced, and the surrounding rock damage caused by the superposition of dynamic load incident waves and reflected waves is reduced; when the anchor rod is prevented from being in direct contact with the steel supporting plate 104, dynamic load incident waves and reflected waves are superposed to cause vibration of the steel supporting plate, so that the stability of the steel supporting plate is effectively enhanced, and the stability of a tunnel anchor rod supporting system is further enhanced.
It should be noted that the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 may be designed to be square, circular or other shapes, and the vibration isolation supporting plate 103 and the vibration isolation sleeve 102 may be made of high damping rubber, so that the anchor rod can expand in the radial direction after being inserted into the borehole and pretensioned, and is in close contact with the rock mass, thereby playing an effective supporting role.
The utility model provides an expansion type tunnel antidetonation support stock can effectually weaken the drilling, the dynamic interaction of country rock and stock support system, through high damping vibration isolation rubber sleeve, can effectual absorption drilling and the anchor between the body dynamic energy, utilize the vibration isolation sleeve 102 of the different length of multilayer to overlap in proper order on the body of rod 101 for outwards layering in proper order, sectional absorption vibrations, the blasting energy from inside the drilling, after strutting the completion, have higher bearing capacity and energy-absorbing ability.
In addition, the high-damping vibration isolation rubber sleeve can be tensioned in the anchor rod section to generate fold deformation, so that the drilling grouting and the anchor rod body 101 can be fully attached, the friction force between the anchor rod body 101 and the drilling hole is increased, and the anti-seismic and energy-absorbing effects are effectively improved; and the high-damping rubber supporting plate absorbs the dynamic energy between the surrounding rock and the steel supporting plate 104, so that the surrounding rock damage caused by superposition of dynamic load incident waves and reflected waves is effectively reduced.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a construction method of an intumescent anti-seismic support bolt according to some embodiments of the present application; as shown in fig. 5, the construction method uses the expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod of the above embodiment for construction, and the construction method includes:
step S101, assembling an anchor rod: sequentially sleeving a plurality of vibration isolation sleeves and corresponding vibration isolation supporting plates on the rod body according to the diameter, and connecting the end part of each vibration isolation sleeve with an anchoring head at the end part of the rod body;
step S102, drilling an anchor hole with the diameter larger than the diameter of an outer circle of the vibration isolation supporting plate, placing the assembled anchor rod into the anchor hole, pouring cement mortar into the anchor hole until the vibration isolation supporting plate corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve with the largest diameter is wrapped, and performing pre-tensioning after the cement mortar is condensed, wherein the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the vibration isolation sleeve wrapped by the cement mortar;
step S103, after the anchor rod is at the tensioning stop position corresponding to each vibration isolation sleeve, cement mortar is continuously poured, and pre-tensioning is carried out, wherein the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the corresponding vibration isolation sleeve;
and step S104, after all the vibration isolation sleeves are grouted and tensioned, applying pretightening force to the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body through the fastening piece so that the steel supporting plate compresses the vibration isolation supporting plate contacted with the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body.
In the application, the vibration isolation sleeve wraps the deformed steel bar from the position of the anchoring head, and grouting and tensioning are performed for multiple times; the vibration isolation sleeve is extruded under the action of a pretightening force while grouting adhesion is enhanced through the conical anchoring head; when the anchor is pretensioned for the first time, the corresponding vibration isolation sleeve (the vibration isolation sleeve with the largest diameter) generates compression wrinkles under the pushing action of the anchor head, so that the anchoring force of the anchor head on the rock body drilling hole is increased; and then, the second and third times of … … perfusion and tensioning are carried out in sequence, and the plurality of vibration isolation sleeves generate expansion extrusion with different degrees between the anchor rod and grouting, so that the dynamic interaction of seismic waves and the anchor rod support body is effectively weakened, and the seismic performance and the seismic effect are enhanced.
The vibration isolation sleeve is connected with the vibration isolation supporting plate, cement mortar is poured in sections in sequence, when grouting strength is increased, the vibration isolation supporting plate is firmly condensed in the cement mortar, the anchor rod is pre-tensioned, the vibration isolation sleeve is enabled to generate folds, the vibration isolation sleeve axially contracts in an anchor hole and radially expands, and therefore anchoring force is increased, and the shock resistance, durability and corrosion resistance of the anchor rod are effectively improved under the protection effect of the vibration isolation sleeve.
The application provides a technique of inflation type antidetonation supporting stock, from inside outwards segmentation in proper order of drilling, the layering, not only increased the body of rod of stock and the frictional force of drilling, the antidetonation energy-absorbing effect has effectively been improved in addition, effectively weaken drilling, the dynamic interaction between country rock and the stock support body, absorb the dynamic energy between drilling and the anchor body, possess higher bearing and energy-absorbing nature under dynamic load effect such as earthquake, blasting, the dynamic energy between effective absorption country rock and the steel support plate.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. An intumescent anti-seismic support anchor, comprising: the vibration isolation device comprises a rod body, a vibration isolation sleeve, a vibration isolation supporting plate, a steel supporting plate and a fastener;
one end of the rod body is provided with an anchoring head;
the vibration isolation sleeves are different in length and diameter, the vibration isolation sleeves are sequentially sleeved according to the diameter along the radial direction of the rod body, one ends of the vibration isolation sleeves are abutted to the anchoring heads, and the other end of each vibration isolation sleeve is provided with the vibration isolation supporting plate extending along the radial direction;
the vibration isolation supporting plate corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve attached to the outer peripheral wall of the rod body is in contact with the steel supporting plate;
the fastener is connected with the steel supporting plate and can apply pretightening force to the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body so that the steel supporting plate compresses the vibration isolation supporting plate contacted with the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body.
2. An intumescent anti-seismic support anchor according to claim 1, wherein in the direction of radial extension of the shank, according to:
determining a length of the vibration isolation sleeve;
wherein,
is as follows
The length of each of said vibration isolation sleeves,
，
as to the number of the vibration isolating sleeves,
is a positive integer and is a non-zero integer,
is the length of the rod body.
3. An intumescent anti-seismic support bolt according to claim 2, characterised in that the fastener is a fastening nut;
in a corresponding manner, the first and second optical fibers are,
be equipped with on the body of rod with the external screw thread of fastening nut looks adaptation, and according to:
determining the pre-tightening force stroke of the fastening nut along the axial direction of the rod body;
wherein,
representing a pretension stroke of the tightening nut;
the length of the vibration isolation sleeve of item 1 is shown.
4. An intumescent anti-seismic support anchor according to claim 1, wherein the anchor head is conical and the conical underside of the anchor head abuts the end of the vibration isolation sleeve; wherein, according to the following steps:
determining a tapered bottom surface diameter of the anchoring head;
in the formula,
representing the diameter of the conical bottom surface of the anchoring head,
is the diameter of the rod body, and is,
as to the number of the vibration isolating sleeves,
is a positive integer and is a non-zero integer,
is the thickness of the vibration isolating sleeve,
the maximum size of the vibration isolation supporting plate along the radial direction of the rod body is represented.
5. An intumescent anti-seismic support anchor according to claim 4, characterised in that the thickness of the vibration isolation sleeve is in the range of [2,10] millimetres.
6. An intumescent anti-seismic support anchor according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the vibration isolation tray is greater than the thickness of the steel tray.
7. An intumescent anti-seismic support anchor according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vibration isolation sleeve and the vibration isolation fascia are integrally formed.
8. A construction method of an expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod, characterized in that the expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod of any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted for construction, and the construction method of the expansion type anti-seismic support anchor rod comprises the following steps:
step S101, assembling an anchor rod: sequentially sleeving a plurality of vibration isolation sleeves and corresponding vibration isolation supporting plates on the rod body according to the diameter, and connecting the end part of each vibration isolation sleeve with an anchoring head at the end part of the rod body;
step S102, drilling an anchor hole with the diameter larger than the diameter of an circumscribed circle of the vibration isolation supporting plate, placing the assembled anchor rod into the anchor hole, pouring cement mortar into the anchor hole until the vibration isolation supporting plate corresponding to the vibration isolation sleeve with the largest diameter is wrapped, and performing pre-tensioning after the cement mortar is condensed, wherein the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the vibration isolation sleeve wrapped by the cement mortar;
step S103, after the anchor rod is positioned at the tensioning stop position corresponding to each vibration isolation sleeve, cement mortar is continuously poured, pre-tensioning is carried out, and the tensioning amount is not more than 10% of the length of the corresponding vibration isolation sleeve;
and S104, after all the vibration isolation sleeves are grouted and tensioned, applying pretightening force to the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body through a fastener so that the steel supporting plate compresses the vibration isolation supporting plate contacted with the steel supporting plate along the axial direction of the rod body.
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