CN114635447A - Offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering foundation structures, and discloses an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and a construction method thereof, wherein the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is formed by connecting a plurality of same unit modules through a longitudinal connecting piece, a transverse connecting piece can be added on the basis of the longitudinal connecting piece, each unit module comprises a truss structure and a plurality of suction cylinders connected with the lower part of the truss structure, and a photovoltaic plate support column is arranged at the upper part of the truss structure; the transportation process can be divided into a dry-dragging method and a wet-dragging method, and self-weight sinking and negative pressure sinking are carried out after the transportation is in place. According to the invention, through the combination of the suction cylinder and the truss structure, the higher strength and bearing capacity of the foundation structure are realized, and the wave action is smaller; and the suction cylinder sinks for installation without piling equipment, so that the offshore construction operation efficiency is improved, and the safety and stability of the installation and recovery process are ensured.

Description

An offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure and its construction method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine engineering infrastructure, and in particular relates to a fixed infrastructure for supporting an aquatic photovoltaic power generation system and a construction method thereof.

Background technique

For a long time, my country's large-scale photovoltaic projects have relied heavily on land and water resources. At present, the space for new energy projects on land and inland waters is very limited. Therefore, the vast ocean space provides a bright prospect for the further development of photovoltaic projects.

At present, my country's marine photovoltaic technology is still in its infancy. The offshore photovoltaic foundation faces a complex marine environment including wind, waves, and currents, and has a greater bearing risk. As a new type of offshore photovoltaic foundation, the fixed multi-tube foundation has the advantages of light weight, high structural strength, strong bearing capacity, less affected by waves and currents, easy construction, and recyclability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention aims to solve the bearing risk problem faced by the offshore photovoltaic foundation, and provides an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure and a construction method thereof. At the same time, it is less affected by waves; and through the sinking installation of the suction cylinder, no piling equipment is required, which improves the efficiency of offshore construction operations and ensures the safety and stability of the installation and recovery process.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure, which is composed of a plurality of unit modules, each unit module includes a truss structure, a suction cylinder, a photovoltaic panel pillar, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod rod;

The truss structure includes an upper chord and a lower chord that are arranged in a full length, the two lower chords are symmetrically arranged below the upper chord, and a plurality of lower chord transverse bars arranged at intervals are welded between the two lower chords. A plurality of vertical web rods arranged at intervals are welded between the rod and each of the lower chord rods, and inclined web rods are welded between the adjacent vertical web rods; one end of each of the diagonal web rods is welded to the The intersection of the vertical web rod and the upper chord, the other end is welded at the intersection of the vertical web rod and the lower chord, and each adjacent two between the upper chord and the same lower chord The inclined abdominal rods all have different inclination directions;

The two lower chords are respectively fixedly connected to a plurality of the suction cylinders arranged at intervals, and the suction cylinders connected to the two lower chords are arranged in pairs; The lower chord is connected; the top cover of the suction cylinder is provided with a valve, and the valve communicates with the inside of the suction cylinder;

The photovoltaic panel pillars are arranged between two adjacent pairs of suction cylinders, the bottoms of the photovoltaic panel pillars are welded with the upper chord, and the tops of the photovoltaic panel pillars protrude from the water surface and are used for installing photovoltaic panels;

A plurality of unit modules are connected through the second connector and the longitudinal connector; the lower part of the second connector is welded with the suction cylinder or the truss structure, and the upper part of the second connector is provided with a first component of a locking mechanism; the longitudinal connecting piece is located above the truss structure, and a second component of a locking mechanism is provided on the longitudinal connecting piece just opposite to the position of the second connecting piece; the locking mechanism is a first component The assembly can cooperate with the second assembly of the locking mechanism to realize locking and fixing.

Further, the vertical distance between the upper chord and the lower chord is 1.5-3.0m, and the center distance of the two lower chords is 2-6m; the lower chord and the two lower chords are both are perpendicular to each other; the vertical web is perpendicular to the upper chord and the connected lower chord.

Further, the number of suction cylinders connected to each of the lower chords is 3 to 5, and the center distance of the adjacent suction cylinders of the same lower chord is 20 to 50m; the centers of the two suction cylinders arranged in pairs The distance is equal to the distance between the centers of the two lower chords.

Further, the photovoltaic panel pillar is connected to the intersection of the upper chord, the inclined web rod and the vertical web rod.

Further, the two ends of the truss structure can be fixedly supported by the suction cylinder, or a cantilevered section can be reserved and an anti-sinking plate can be connected at the lower part of the cantilevered section; the anti-sinking plate includes a top plate and a rib plate. The rib is connected to the lower part of the top plate and forms a plurality of compartments.

Further, airbags are arranged in each of the sub-compartments.

Further, two laterally adjacent unit modules are connected by a lateral connector, and the lateral connector is welded on the longitudinal connector at the outermost end of the unit module.

Further, the longitudinal connecting piece and/or the transverse connecting piece are in a telescopic form, including an outer sleeve of the connecting piece, an inner telescopic section and a bolt, and the inner telescopic section is sleeved between the outer sleeves of the two connecting pieces. and fix the position of the inner telescopic section on the outer sleeve of the connector by the bolts.

Further, the first component of the locking mechanism is a male buckle, the second component of the locking mechanism is a female buckle, and the male buckle and the female buckle are connected by a buckle.

Further, the first component of the locking mechanism is a funnel-shaped interface, the second component of the locking mechanism is a wedge-shaped block, and the funnel-shaped interface and the wedge-shaped block are locked and fixed by static friction.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a construction method for the above-mentioned offshore photovoltaic fixed-type multi-cylinder infrastructure is provided, comprising the following steps:

(1) Float the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure to the installation sea area by wet towing method or dry towing method;

(2) if step (1) is a wet drag method, open the top cover valve of the suction cylinder, so that the unit module starts to sink under the action of its own weight;

Wherein, if the anti-sinking plate and the air bag are arranged at both ends of the truss structure; then open the top cover valve of the suction cylinder and the exhaust port of the air bag, and discharge the suction cylinder and the air bag gas;

If step (1) is the dry drag method, lift the unit module into the water while the top cover valve is kept closed, adjust the verticality of the unit module through the hanging cable, and then open the top cover valve of the suction cylinder , so that the unit module starts to sink under the action of its own weight;

(3) After the unit module keeps sinking at a constant speed, close the top cover valves of all suction cylinders in the unit module;

Preferably, the unit module maintains a speed of 1-2 m/h during the sinking process.

Wherein, if the sinking speed is too fast, the gas is injected into the suction cylinder to increase the buoyancy, slow down the sinking speed, and ensure the sinking safety of the unit module;

Preferably, the verticality of the unit modules can be adjusted at any time by pumping or pumping air to different suction cylinders during the sinking process of self-weight;

(4) After the bottom end of the suction cylinder in the unit module enters the mud, when the unit module cannot continue to sink, the suction cylinder is used for suction to sink until the top cover of the suction cylinder contacts the mud surface;

Preferably, the verticality of the unit module can be adjusted at any time by adjusting different air pressures in the suction cylinder during the negative pressure sinking process.

(5) Lifting and lowering the longitudinal connecting piece to the position corresponding to the second connecting rod, locking and fixing the first component of the locking mechanism of the second connecting rod and the second component of the locking mechanism of the longitudinal connecting piece to achieve A plurality of unit modules are integrally formed under the action of the longitudinal connecting piece.

Wherein, when two laterally adjacent unit modules are connected by a lateral connecting piece, it also includes the lifting and lowering of the lateral connecting piece and the connection of the lateral connecting piece to the unit module.

Further, the wet drag method of step (1) comprises the following operations:

a. Connect multiple unit modules into an overall structure through temporary fixing;

b. Lift the temporarily connected overall structure into the water, and pump air into the suction cylinder until the overall structure can reach a self-floating state and adjust the draft to reach the design draft, and ensure the overall structure by adjusting the internal air pressure of each of the suction cylinders upright posture

Wherein, if the anti-sinking plates and the airbags are arranged at both ends of the truss structure; after the temporarily connected integral structure is hoisted into the water, the suction cylinder and the airbag are inflated until the whole The structure can achieve a self-floating state and adjust the draft to the design draft.

c. Float the overall structure to the installation sea area, and adjust the internal air pressure of each of the suction cylinders at any time during the floating process to ensure that the overall structure is vertical;

d. Release the temporary connection between the overall structures, and wait for the unit modules to sink in sequence.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and construction method of the present invention provide a solution for the offshore photovoltaic fixed foundation by using suction cylinders, which reduces the use of piling equipment and saves construction compared with the traditional pile foundation. cost, but also accelerated the speed of offshore construction;

(2) The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure and construction method of the present invention realizes the high strength and bearing capacity of the base structure through the combination of the suction tube and the truss structure. The wave effect is small, which can reduce the amount of steel used, and is suitable for the construction of offshore photovoltaics.

(3) In the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure and construction method of the present invention, a plurality of unit modules are connected into a whole through connecting pieces, which effectively reduces the motion response of the structure under the action of environmental loads, and improves the overall structure of the structure. stability.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit module in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in Example 1;

2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the unit modules in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in Embodiment 1;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second connecting rod in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure provided in Example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the casing in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube infrastructure provided in Example 1;

5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the snap female buckle and the snap male buckle in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube infrastructure provided in Embodiment 1;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular connector in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in Example 1;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit module in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in Embodiment 2;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-sinking plate in an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure structure provided in Example 2;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of an airbag in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure provided in Embodiment 2;

10 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the unit modules in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in Embodiment 2;

11 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the wedge-shaped block and the funnel-shaped interface in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in Example 1;

12 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the 500m×480m site of the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube infrastructure provided in Example 1;

13 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the 500m×480m site of the offshore photovoltaic fixed-type multi-tube infrastructure provided in Example 2.

In the above figure: 1. Suction cylinder; 2. Upper chord; 3. Lower chord; 4. Lower chord; 5. Oblique web; 6. Vertical web; 7. Photovoltaic panel pillar; ; 9, the second connecting rod; 10, the connecting rod sleeve; 11, the transverse connecting piece; 12, the longitudinal connecting piece; , Internal telescopic section; 17, bolts; 18, funnel-shaped interface; 19, anti-sinking plate; 20, air bag; 21, wedge block.

Detailed ways

In order to further understand the content, characteristics and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are exemplified and described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows:

The present invention provides an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder basic structure, which is composed of a plurality of identical unit modules, and each unit module includes a truss structure, a plurality of suction cylinders 1 , a plurality of photovoltaic panel pillars 7 , and a plurality of first connecting rods 8 and several second connecting rods 9 .

The truss structure is welded by the upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord cross bar 4, the inclined web bar 5 and the vertical web bar 6, wherein the upper chord 2 and the lower chord 3 are full-length cross bars. The two lower chords 3 are symmetrically arranged below the upper chord 2, and form a main frame with an isosceles triangle in vertical cross-section with the upper chord 2. The vertical distance between the upper chord 2 and the lower chord 3 is preferably 1.5 to 3.0m. The center distance of the bottom chord 3 is preferably 2-6m. A plurality of lower chord bars 4 arranged at intervals are connected between the two lower chord bars 3 , and the lower chord bars 4 are perpendicular to the two lower chord bars 3 . A plurality of vertical web bars 6 arranged at intervals are connected between the upper chord 2 and each lower chord 3 , and the vertical web bars 6 are both perpendicular to the upper chord 2 and the connected lower chord 3 . One end of each inclined web rod 5 is connected to the intersection of the vertical web rod 6 and the upper chord 2 , and the other end is connected to the intersection of the vertical web rod 6 and the lower chord 3 . The sloping web bars 5 are arranged in a staggered manner between the upper chord 2 and each lower chord 3 , that is, every two adjacent sloping web bars 5 between the upper chord 2 and the same lower chord 3 have different inclination directions.

Preferably, the upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord crossbar 4, the inclined web bar 5, and the vertical web bar 6 are all made of round steel pipes, wherein the upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord crossbar 4, the vertical web The diameters of the abdominal rods 6 are all 40-60 cm, and the wall thicknesses are all 15-30 mm; the diameters of the oblique abdominal rods 5 are 25-45 cm, and the wall thicknesses are 10-25 mm.

The two lower chords 3 of the truss structure are respectively connected with a plurality of suction cylinders 1 arranged at intervals, the number of suction cylinders 1 connected to each lower chord 3 is preferably 3-5, and the center distance is preferably 20-50m. The suction cylinders 1 connected to the two lower chords 3 are arranged in pairs, and the center distance of the two suction cylinders 1 arranged in pairs is equal to the center distance of the two lower chords 3, both being 2-6m.

The clear distance between the top surface of the suction cylinder 1 and the lower chord 3 is preferably 0.3-0.8m. Each suction cylinder 1 is connected to the truss structure through a first connecting rod 8 . One end of the first connecting rod 8 is welded to the center of the top cover of the suction cylinder 1 , and the other end is welded to the lower chord 3 . Preferably, the diameter of the connecting rod 8 is 40-60 cm, the wall thickness is 15-30 mm, and the height is 2.5-4.0 m.

The suction cylinder 1 is a steel cylinder structure with a closed top surface and an open bottom surface; preferably, its outer diameter is 1.5-4.0 m, its height is 3.0-8.0 m, the top cover thickness is 20-35 mm, and the side wall thickness is 10-10 m. 25mm. The top cover of the suction cylinder 1 is provided with a valve. During the negative pressure sinking process of the suction cylinder 1, the pump system pumps water and air to the suction cylinder 1 through the valve to form a negative pressure in the cabin to ensure the sinking of the suction cylinder 1. In terms of unit modules, since a plurality of suction cylinders 1 are arranged in a horizontal and vertical array, the subsidence and leveling of the unit modules can be realized.

One to four photovoltaic panel pillars 7 are arranged between two adjacent pairs of suction cylinders 1 , and the distance between two adjacent photovoltaic panel pillars 7 is 10 to 25 m. The bottom of the photovoltaic panel pillar 7 is welded with the upper chord 2 of the truss structure, and the top of the photovoltaic panel pillar 7 should protrude 2-4m above the water surface for installing the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel pillars 7 can be located above the suction cylinder 1 , or can be arranged staggered from the suction cylinder 1 . As a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic panel pillars 7 are located at the intersection of the upper chord 2, the inclined web rods 5 and the vertical web rods 6, so that the load on the photovoltaic panel pillars 7 can be better transmitted through the truss structure to the Suction canister 1. Preferably, the photovoltaic panel pillars 7 are circular steel pipes with a diameter of 40-60 cm and a wall thickness of 15-30 mm.

Both ends of the truss structure can be fixedly supported by the suction cylinder 1, or cantilevered sections with a certain distance can be left at both ends of the truss structure. When there are cantilevered sections at both ends of the truss structure, anti-sinking plates 19 can be welded at the lower part of the cantilevered part of the truss structure to support and reduce settlement. The anti-sinking plate 19 is composed of a top plate and a rib plate, the top plate is a rectangular steel plate, its length and width are preferably 4-12m, and the wall thickness is 10-30mm; a plurality of rib plates are respectively arranged along the length direction and width direction of the top plate to form a plurality of For rectangular subdivision, the floor is also a rectangular steel plate, which extends downward from the top plate to a height of 0.5-3.0m, and the wall thickness is 5-20mm.

The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure is composed of a plurality of unit modules connected vertically, and the clear distance between two adjacent unit modules in the vertical direction is 15-25m; on the basis of the vertical connection, a horizontal connection can also be added, and the horizontally adjacent ones can be connected. The clear distance between two unit modules is 1.0-3.0m. The axes of the lower chords 3 of the multiple unit modules after longitudinal connection and transverse connection are all on the same plane. Wherein, the transverse connection is the connection along the axial direction of the lower chord 3 , and the longitudinal connection is the connection along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the lower chord 3 .

A plurality of unit modules are longitudinally connected by the second connecting rod 9 and the longitudinal connecting piece 12 . The bottom of the second connecting rod 9 is welded with the suction cylinder 1 or the truss structure, and the upper part of the second connecting rod 9 is provided with a first component of a locking mechanism. The second connecting rod 9 may be integrally formed with the first connecting piece 8 , or may be separately provided with the first connecting piece 8 . The longitudinal connecting piece 12 is located above the truss structure, and its axis is perpendicular to the axes of the upper chord 2, the lower chord 3 and the suction cylinder 1 of the truss structure. The longitudinal connecting piece 12 is provided with a second component of the locking mechanism just opposite to the position of the second connecting rod 9 . The cooperation of the first component of the locking mechanism and the second component of the locking mechanism can realize the locking and fixing of the longitudinal connecting member 12 and the second connecting rod 9 . The length of the longitudinal connector 12 is lengthened according to the number of the unit modules connected in the longitudinal direction.

Horizontally adjacent unit modules may not be connected, or may be connected horizontally through the horizontal connecting member 11 . The transverse connecting piece 11 is arranged between two adjacent unit modules connected transversely, and is welded with the longitudinal connecting piece 12 at the outermost end of the unit module to form a rectangular connecting piece as a whole. The axis of the transverse connecting member 11 is parallel to the upper chord 2 and the lower chord 3 of the truss structure.

Both the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11 can be made of steel round pipes, the pipe diameter is 30-60 cm, and the wall thickness is 10-30 mm.

Both the longitudinal connector 12 and the transverse connector 11 can be designed in a retractable form, that is, they include an outer sleeve 15 of the connector, an inner telescopic section 16 and a bolt 17, and the inner telescopic section 16 is sleeved between the outer sleeves 15 of the two connectors. and fix the position of the inner telescopic section 16 on the outer sleeve 15 of the connector through bolts 17, so that the lengths of the longitudinal connector 12 and the transverse connector 11 can be adjusted, thereby solving the position deviation caused by the process of placing the unit module. Locate difficult problems. Preferably, the outer casing 15 of the connector and the inner telescopic section 16 are both circular steel pipes, the outer casing 15 of the connector has a diameter of 40-80 cm, a wall thickness of 15-30 mm, and the inner telescopic section 16 has a diameter of 30-60 cm. Wall thickness 10 ~ 25mm.

For the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure of the present invention, the transportation process can be divided into dry towing method and wet towing method. The base structure is floated to the installation sea area. In order to increase the buoyancy of the base structure itself, an airbag 20 can be arranged in the sub-cabin of the anti-sinking plate 19 .

The wet mopping method can be carried out according to the following steps:

(1) The unit modules are prefabricated on land, and a plurality of unit modules are temporarily fixed and connected to form an integral structure by means of binding.

(2) Lift the temporarily connected integral structure into the water, and inflate the suction cylinder 1 and the air bag 20 until the whole structure can reach a self-floating state and adjust the draft to reach the design draft. By adjusting the internal air pressure of each suction cylinder 1 to ensure The overall structure is vertical.

(3) Float the overall structure to the installation sea area, and adjust the internal air pressure of each suction cylinder 1 at any time during the floating process to ensure that the overall structure is vertical.

(4) Release the temporary connection between the overall structures, and wait for the unit modules to sink in sequence.

After the wet dragging method, the sinking installation and construction method of the foundation structure can be carried out according to the following steps:

(1) Open the top cover valve of the suction cylinder 1 and the exhaust port of the air bag 20, discharge the gas in the suction cylinder 1 and the air bag 20, and the unit module begins to sink under the action of its own weight.

(2) The unit module should try to ensure a speed of 1-2m/h during the sinking process. When the self-weight of the unit module is equal to the buoyancy, the unit module keeps sinking at a constant speed. At this time, the top cover valve of the suction cylinder 1 and the exhaust port of the air bag 20 can be closed. If the sinking speed is too fast at this time, gas can be injected into the suction cylinder 1 or the air bag 20 to increase the buoyancy, slow down the sinking speed, and ensure the sinking safety of the unit module. During the process of self-weight sinking, the verticality of the unit module should be adjusted at any time by pumping or pumping air to different suction cylinders 1 .

(3) When the bottom end of the suction cylinder 1 enters the mud, the resistance of the unit module increases. When the resistance is greater than the gravity, the unit module cannot continue to sink, and the suction sink should be carried out at this time. Open the top cover valve to apply negative pressure to the suction cylinder 1, and provide sinking power by pumping air and water, so that the unit module sinks further until the top cover of the suction cylinder 1 touches the mud surface, which is considered to sink in place. During the negative pressure sinking process, the verticality of the unit module should also be adjusted at any time by adjusting the air pressure in different suction cylinders 1 .

(4) Lift and lower the longitudinal connector 12 and the transverse connector 11 to the position corresponding to the second connecting rod 9, so that the first assembly of the locking mechanism of the second connecting rod 9 and the second assembly of the locking mechanism of the longitudinal connecting member 12 By locking and fixing, the unit module can be formed as a whole under the action of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11 .

After the dry dragging method, the subsidence construction method of the foundation structure can be carried out according to the following steps:

(1) After transporting to the installation sea area, first lift the unit module into the water. The top cover valve of the suction cylinder 1 in the unit module is kept closed at the beginning. After adjusting the verticality of the unit module through the hanging cable, open the top cover of the suction cylinder 1 The valve begins to sink.

(2) The unit module should try to ensure a speed of 1-2m/h during the sinking process. When the self-weight of the structure is equal to the buoyancy, the structure keeps sinking at a constant speed, and the top cover valves of all suction cylinders 1 can be closed at this time. If the sinking speed is too fast at this time, gas can be injected into the suction cylinder 1 to increase the buoyancy, slow down the sinking speed, and ensure the sinking safety of the unit module. During the process of self-weight sinking, the verticality of the unit module should be adjusted at any time by pumping or pumping air to different suction cylinders 1 .

(3) When the bottom end of the suction cylinder 1 enters the mud, the resistance of the unit module increases. When the resistance is greater than the gravity, the unit module cannot continue to sink, and the suction sink should be carried out at this time. Open the top cover valve to apply negative pressure to the suction cylinder 1, and provide sinking power by pumping air and water, so that the unit module sinks further until the top cover of the suction cylinder 1 touches the mud surface, which is considered to sink in place. During the negative pressure sinking process, the verticality of the unit module should also be adjusted at any time by adjusting the air pressure in different suction cylinders 1 .

(4) Lift and lower the longitudinal connector 12 and the transverse connector 11 to the position corresponding to the second connecting rod 9, so that the first assembly of the locking mechanism of the second connecting rod 9 and the second assembly of the locking mechanism of the longitudinal connecting member 12 By locking and fixing, the unit module can be formed as a whole under the action of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11 .

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , this embodiment provides an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder base structure, which is mainly composed of a suction cylinder 1 , a truss structure, a photovoltaic panel pillar 7 , a first connecting rod 8 and a second connecting rod 9 to form a unit. modules, and connect a plurality of the same unit modules through the sleeve 10, the transverse connector 11, the longitudinal connector 12, the snap-fit female snap 13, the snap-fit male snap 14, and the like.

The suction cylinder 1 is a steel cylinder structure with a closed top and an open bottom, the cylinder diameter is 2.0m, the cylinder height is 4.0m, the thickness of the top cover is 25mm, and the thickness of the side wall is 15mm. Each unit module contains six suction cylinders 1, three horizontally arranged and two vertically arranged; the center distance of two adjacent suction cylinders 1 in the lateral direction is 40m, and the center distance of two adjacent suction cylinders 1 in the longitudinal direction is 4m. All suction cylinders 1 are connected to the truss structure through first connecting rods 8 .

The first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting rod 9 are both vertical steel round pipes, the diameter of the round pipes is 0.5m, and the wall thickness is 25mm. The height of the first connecting rod 8 is 0.5m, the bottom of each first connecting rod 8 is welded to the center of the top cover of the suction cylinder 1, and the top is welded to the lower chord 3 of the truss structure; the height of the second connecting rod 9 is 2.0m, which is composed of The lower chord 3 extends upwards. In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting rod 9 are integrally formed.

The truss structure consists of an upper chord 2, a lower chord 3, a lower chord transverse rod 4, an inclined web rod 5, and a vertical web rod 6. Among them, the upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord crossbar 4 and the vertical web 6 are all round steel pipes with a diameter of 0.5m and a wall thickness of 25mm, and the truss inclined webs 5 are round steel pipes with a diameter of 0.35m and a wall thickness of 18mm. . The upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord crossbar 4 and the vertical web bar 6 are all connected by welding.

The photovoltaic panel pillar 7 is a circular steel vertical rod, with a diameter of 0.5m and a wall thickness of 25mm. The lower part of the photovoltaic panel pillar 7 is connected to the intersection of the upper chord 2 and the vertical web rod 6, which can transmit the upper load through the truss structure. The lower suction cylinder 1 and the upper part of the photovoltaic panel pillar 7 extend out of the water surface by 2m for connecting with the photovoltaic panel support.

A plurality of unit modules are connected by transverse connectors 11 and longitudinal connectors 12, three longitudinal connectors 12 are connected between longitudinal unit modules, and two transverse connectors 11 are connected between two horizontally adjacent unit modules. As shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 , the first component of the locking mechanism provided on the upper part of the second connecting rod 9 is a snap-fit male buckle 14, and the two ends of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 extend downward by 0.5-1.5 m to form the sleeve 10, The second component of the locking mechanism provided inside the sleeve 10 is specifically a snap-fit female snap 13, which is locked and fixed after being snap-connected to the snap-fit male snap 14.

In this embodiment, the longitudinal connector 12 is designed in a retractable form, that is, it includes an outer sleeve 15, an inner telescopic section 16 and a bolt 17 of the connector, so that the length of the longitudinal connector 12 can be adjusted, which can solve the problems caused in the process of placing the unit module. The positional deviation leads to the problem of inconsistent positioning of the rods of the longitudinal link 12 . The outer casing 15 and the inner telescopic section 16 of the connector are both circular steel pipes, the outer casing has a diameter of 50 cm and a wall thickness of 20 mm, and the inner telescopic section has a diameter of 40 cm and a wall thickness of 15 mm. The transverse connecting piece 11 is disposed between two adjacent unit modules connected laterally, and is welded with the longitudinal connecting piece 12 at the outermost end of the unit module to form an integral rectangular connecting piece, as shown in FIG. 6 .

12 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the 500m×480m site of the basic structure of this embodiment. There are six unit modules in the horizontal direction, and the spacing is 4m; there are 25 unit modules in the vertical direction, and the spacing is 20m.

The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure of the present invention can be prefabricated on land, and transported to the designated sea area as a whole. Specific steps are as follows:

(1) Prefabricate the suction cylinder 1, the second connecting rod 9 (that is, the first connecting rod 8), the truss structure, the photovoltaic panel pillars 7, the transverse connecting pieces 11 and the longitudinal connecting pieces 12 on land, and connect the photovoltaic panel pillars 7 It is welded with the truss structure, the second connecting rod 9 and the cylindrical base 1 to form a unit module, and the transverse connecting piece 11 and the adjacent longitudinal connecting piece 12 are welded into an integral rectangular connecting piece.

(2) Dry towing the unit modules, the longitudinal connectors 12 and the transverse connectors 11 to the target sea area.

(3) Lift and lower the unit module into the water, first sink the unit module by its own weight, and when the sinking resistance is greater than its own weight, use the pump system to extract negative pressure to sink the unit module under negative pressure until the unit module sinks to the designated position . If there is an inclination during the sinking process, the unit modules can be finely leveled by adjusting each suction cylinder 1 . During the process of self-weight sinking, the verticality of the unit module should be adjusted at any time by pumping or pumping air to different suction cylinders 1 .

(4) Lift and lower the longitudinal connector 12 and the transverse connector 11 to the position corresponding to the second connecting rod 9, and use equipment such as a hydraulic press to apply a thrust to make the snap pin 14 in the casing 10 and the second connecting rod 9 push. The buckle female buckle 13 is fastened, and a plurality of unit modules are formed as a whole under the action of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11 .

If there is a deviation in the placement position of different unit modules during the construction process, the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the horizontal connecting piece 11 and the second connecting rod 9 cannot be aligned, the length of the telescopic longitudinal connecting piece 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the bolt 17 corresponding.

Example 2

This embodiment provides an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder base structure, which is mainly composed of a suction cylinder 1 , a truss structure, a photovoltaic panel pillar 7 , a first connecting rod 8 , a second connecting rod 9 , an anti-sinking plate 19 , and an airbag 20 . unit modules, and connect a plurality of identical unit modules through longitudinal connecting pieces 12, funnel-shaped interfaces 18, wedge-shaped blocks 21, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 7 , different from Embodiment 1, each unit module has 8 suction cylinders 1 in total, and the center distance of two adjacent suction cylinders 1 in the lateral direction is 20m. The truss structure consists of an upper chord 2, a lower chord 3, a lower chord transverse rod 4, an inclined web rod 5, and a vertical web rod 6. The two ends of the truss structure protrude 10m cantilever section relative to the suction cylinder 1, and the anti-sinking plate 19 is connected under the cantilever section. There are 6 floors inside to divide it into 16 sub-chambers, each sub-chamber is placed with airbag 20, the top plate of anti-sinking plate 19 is steel plate, the wall thickness is 20mm, and the wall thickness of the floor plate is 10mm, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown. The design of the anti-sinking plate 19 solves the problem of lack of support for the cantilevered truss, and at the same time, the design of the airbag 20 in the anti-sinking plate 19 realizes wet drag during transportation and reduces construction costs.

In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting rod 9 are provided separately. The height of the first connecting rod 8 is 0.5m, the bottom of each first connecting rod 8 is welded to the center of the top cover of the suction cylinder 1, and the top is welded to the lower chord 3 of the truss structure; the height of the second connecting rod 9 is 2.0m, its The bottom end is welded to the upper chord 2 of the truss structure, and extends upward from the upper chord 2 . Each unit module is provided with a second connecting rod 9 , and the second connecting rod 9 is located at the middle position of the upper chord 2 .

As shown in FIG. 10 , unlike the first embodiment, the connection between two adjacent unit modules in the horizontal direction is not performed, and only the connection between the unit modules in the vertical direction is performed. A longitudinal connector 12 is connected between two longitudinally adjacent unit modules. The first component of the locking mechanism provided on the upper part of the second connecting rod 9 is specifically selected from the funnel-shaped interface 18 , the two ends of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 are extended downward with the second component of the locking mechanism, and the second component of the locking mechanism is specifically selected from the wedge-shaped block 21 , the wedge-shaped block 21 and the funnel-shaped interface 18 are locked and fixed by means of static friction, as shown in FIG. 11 . The wedge-shaped block 21 and the funnel-shaped interface 18 are more convenient for the positioning of the longitudinal connecting piece 12, which can reduce the difficulty of construction.

13 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the 500m×480m site of the basic structure of this embodiment. There are six unit modules in the horizontal direction, and the spacing is 4m; there are 25 unit modules in the vertical direction, and the spacing is 20m.

The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure of this embodiment can be prefabricated on land and transported to the designated sea area as a whole. Unlike Embodiment 1, the transportation method of Embodiment 2 is the wet drag method, and the self-weight sinking is carried out after being transported in place. and negative pressure sinks.

The wet dragging method of the offshore photovoltaic fixed-type multi-cylinder infrastructure in this embodiment is performed according to the following steps:

(1) The unit modules are prefabricated on land, and multiple unit modules are temporarily fixed to form an integral structure by binding.

(2) Lift the temporarily connected integral structure into the water, and inflate the suction cylinder 1 and the air bag 20 until the whole structure can reach a self-floating state and adjust the draft to reach the design draft. By adjusting the air pressure inside the suction cylinder 1, the structure is adjusted Keep your posture upright.

(3) Float the overall structure to the installation sea area, and adjust the internal air pressure of each suction cylinder 1 at any time during the floating process to ensure that the overall structure is vertical.

(4) Release the temporary connection between the overall structures, and install the unit modules down in sequence.

The subsidence construction method of the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube base structure of the present embodiment is performed according to the following steps:

(1) Open the top cover valve of the suction cylinder 1 and the exhaust port of the air bag 20 to discharge the gas in the cylinder 1 and the air bag 20, and the unit module begins to sink under the action of its own weight.

(2) The unit module should try to ensure a speed of 1-2m/h during the sinking process. When the self-weight of the unit module is equal to the buoyancy, the unit module keeps sinking at a constant speed. At this time, the top cover valve of the suction cylinder 1 and the exhaust port of the air bag 20 can be closed. If the sinking speed is too fast at this time, gas can be injected into the suction cylinder 1 or the air bag 20 to increase the buoyancy, slow down the sinking speed, and ensure the sinking safety of the structure. During the process of self-weight sinking, the verticality of the unit module should be adjusted at any time by pumping or pumping air to different suction cylinders 1 .

(3) When the bottom end of the suction cylinder 1 enters the mud, the resistance of the unit module increases. When the resistance is greater than the gravity of the structure, the structure cannot continue to sink. At this time, suction sinking should be performed. Open the valve of the cylinder top cover to apply negative pressure to the suction cylinder 1, and provide sinking power by pumping air and water, so that the structure further sinks, until the cylinder top cover contacts the mud surface, which is considered to be settled in place. During the negative pressure sinking process, the verticality of the unit module should also be adjusted at any time by adjusting the air pressure in different suction cylinders 1 .

(4) Lift and lower the longitudinal connector 12 to the position corresponding to the second connecting rod 9, so that the wedge-shaped block 21 and the funnel-shaped interface 18 are locked and fixed, and a plurality of basic structural units form a whole under the action of the connector .

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Under the inspiration of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, personnel can also make many specific transformations, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A marine photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is characterized by being composed of a plurality of unit modules, wherein each unit module comprises a truss structure, a suction cylinder, a photovoltaic panel strut, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod;

the truss structure comprises an upper chord and a lower chord which are arranged in a full length mode, the two lower chords are symmetrically arranged below the upper chord, a plurality of lower chord cross rods which are arranged at intervals are welded between the two lower chords, a plurality of vertical web members which are arranged at intervals are welded between the upper chord and each lower chord, and oblique web members are welded between the adjacent vertical web members; one end of each inclined web member is welded at the intersection of the vertical web member and the upper chord member, the other end of each inclined web member is welded at the intersection of the vertical web member and the lower chord member, and every two adjacent inclined web members between the upper chord member and the same lower chord member have different inclination directions;

the two lower chords are respectively and fixedly connected with a plurality of suction cylinders which are arranged at intervals, and the suction cylinders connected with the two lower chords are arranged in pairs; each suction tube is connected with the lower chord through the first connecting rod; a valve is arranged on the top cover of the suction tube and communicated with the inside of the suction tube;

the photovoltaic panel supporting columns are arranged between two adjacent pairs of suction cylinders, the bottoms of the photovoltaic panel supporting columns are welded with the upper chord members, and the tops of the photovoltaic panel supporting columns extend out of the water surface and are used for mounting photovoltaic panels;

the plurality of unit modules are connected through the second connecting piece and the longitudinal connecting piece; the lower part of the second connecting piece is welded with the suction cylinder or the truss structure, and the upper part of the second connecting piece is provided with a first locking mechanism component; the longitudinal connecting piece is positioned above the truss structure, and a second locking mechanism component is arranged at the position of the longitudinal connecting piece opposite to the second connecting piece; the first locking mechanism component and the second locking mechanism component can be matched to realize locking and fixing.

2. The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube foundation structure, according to claim 1, wherein the vertical distance between the upper chord and the lower chord is 1.5-3.0 m, and the center-to-center distance between the two lower chords is 2-6 m; the lower chord cross rod is vertical to the two lower chords; the vertical web members are perpendicular to both the upper chord and the lower chord to which the web members are connected.

3. The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the number of the suction cylinders connected to each lower chord is 3-5, and the center distance between the adjacent suction cylinders of the same lower chord is 20-50 m; the center distance between the two suction cylinders arranged in pairs is equal to the center distance between the two lower chords.

4. An offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube foundation structure according to claim 1, wherein photovoltaic panel struts are connected at the intersections of the upper chords, diagonal web members and vertical web members.

5. The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure, according to claim 1, wherein the truss structure can be clamped at two ends by the suction cylinder, and an overhanging section can be reserved and an anti-sinking plate is connected to the lower part of the overhanging section; the anti-sinking plate comprises a top plate and rib plates, the rib plates are connected to the lower portion of the top plate and form a plurality of sub-cabins, and air bags are arranged in each sub-cabin.

6. An offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tubular foundation structure, according to claim 1, characterized in that two laterally adjacent unit modules are connected by a transverse connector welded to said longitudinal connector at the outermost end of said unit modules.

7. An offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tubular foundation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the longitudinal and/or transverse connectors are of telescopic form, comprising connector outer sleeves, inner telescopic sections and bolts, the inner telescopic sections are sleeved between the two connector outer sleeves and the position of the inner telescopic sections at the connector outer sleeves is fixed by the bolts.

8. The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube infrastructure of claim 1, wherein the first locking mechanism component is a snap male and the second locking mechanism component is a snap female, the snap male and the snap female being connected by a snap; or, the first locking mechanism component is a funnel-shaped interface, the second locking mechanism component is a wedge-shaped block, and the funnel-shaped interface and the wedge-shaped block are locked and fixed through static friction force.

9. A method of constructing an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tubular substructure according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

(1) floating the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure to an installation sea area by a wet-towing method or a dry-towing method;

(2) if the step (1) is a wet-dragging method, opening a top cover valve of the suction tube to enable the unit module to sink under the self-weight action;

if the step (1) is a dry-dragging method, the unit modules are hoisted into water under the condition that a top cover valve is kept closed, and the top cover valve of the suction barrel is opened after the verticality of the unit modules is adjusted by a hoisting cable, so that the unit modules begin to sink under the action of self weight;

(3) after the unit modules sink at a constant speed, closing the top cover valves of all the suction cylinders in the unit modules;

(4) after the bottom end of a suction cylinder in the unit module enters mud, when the unit module cannot sink continuously, the unit module sinks to the mud surface contacted with the top cover of the suction cylinder through the suction cylinder;

(5) and lifting and lowering the longitudinal connecting piece to a position corresponding to the second connecting rod, and locking and fixing the first locking mechanism assembly of the second connecting rod and the second locking mechanism assembly of the longitudinal connecting piece to realize that a plurality of unit modules form a whole under the action of the longitudinal connecting piece.

10. The construction method of an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-barrel foundation structure according to claim 9, wherein the wet-towing method of the step (1) comprises the following operations:

a. a plurality of unit modules are temporarily fixedly connected into an integral structure;

b. lifting the integral structure which is temporarily connected and putting the integral structure into water, inflating the suction cylinders until the integral structure can reach a self-floating state and the draft is adjusted to reach the design draft, and ensuring the integral structure to be vertical by adjusting the air pressure in each suction cylinder;

c. the integral structure is transported to an installation sea area in a floating mode, and the air pressure in each suction cylinder is adjusted at any time in the floating process to ensure that the integral structure is vertical in posture;

d. and releasing the temporary connection between the whole structures, and allowing the unit modules to sink in sequence.

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