CN114635447A

CN114635447A - Offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114635447A
Application number: CN202210361423.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乐丛欢; 丁红岩; 张浦阳; 李婧宜
Original assignee: Tianjin University
Current assignee: Tianjin University
Priority date: 2022-04-07
Filing date: 2022-04-07
Publication date: 2022-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-07
Also published as: CN114635447B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering foundation structures, and discloses an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and a construction method thereof, wherein the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is formed by connecting a plurality of same unit modules through a longitudinal connecting piece, a transverse connecting piece can be added on the basis of the longitudinal connecting piece, each unit module comprises a truss structure and a plurality of suction cylinders connected with the lower part of the truss structure, and a photovoltaic plate support column is arranged at the upper part of the truss structure; the transportation process can be divided into a dry-dragging method and a wet-dragging method, and self-weight sinking and negative pressure sinking are carried out after the transportation is in place. According to the invention, through the combination of the suction cylinder and the truss structure, the higher strength and bearing capacity of the foundation structure are realized, and the wave action is smaller; and the suction cylinder sinks for installation without piling equipment, so that the offshore construction operation efficiency is improved, and the safety and stability of the installation and recovery process are ensured.

Description

Offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering foundation structures, and particularly relates to a fixed foundation structure for supporting an overwater photovoltaic power generation system and a construction method thereof.

Background

For a long time, large photovoltaic projects in China largely depend on land and water area resources, and the space of newly built energy projects in land and inland water areas is very limited at present, so that the wide ocean space provides bright prospects for further development of the photovoltaic projects.

At present, the ocean photovoltaic technology in China is still in the initial stage. Offshore photovoltaic foundations are exposed to complex marine environments including wind, waves, currents and the like, and have large bearing risks. Fixed many section of thick bamboo basis has light in weight as a neotype marine photovoltaic basis, and structural strength is high, and bearing capacity is strong, receives the wave current effect less, and the construction is simple and convenient, advantages such as recoverable.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem of bearing risk faced by an offshore photovoltaic foundation, and provides an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and a construction method thereof, wherein the foundation structure has higher strength and bearing capacity and is less influenced by waves through the combination of a suction cylinder and a truss structure; and the suction cylinder sinks for installation without piling equipment, so that the offshore construction operation efficiency is improved, and the safety and stability of the installation and recovery process are ensured.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

according to one aspect of the invention, an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is provided, which is composed of a plurality of unit modules, wherein each unit module comprises a truss structure, a suction cylinder, a photovoltaic plate strut, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod;

the truss structure comprises an upper chord and a lower chord which are arranged in a full length mode, the two lower chords are symmetrically arranged below the upper chord, a plurality of lower chord cross rods which are arranged at intervals are welded between the two lower chords, a plurality of vertical web members which are arranged at intervals are welded between the upper chord and each lower chord, and oblique web members are welded between the adjacent vertical web members; one end of each inclined web member is welded at the intersection of the vertical web member and the upper chord member, the other end of each inclined web member is welded at the intersection of the vertical web member and the lower chord member, and every two adjacent inclined web members between the upper chord member and the same lower chord member have different inclination directions;

the two lower chords are respectively and fixedly connected with a plurality of suction cylinders which are arranged at intervals, and the suction cylinders connected with the two lower chords are arranged in pairs; each suction tube is connected with the lower chord through the first connecting rod; a valve is arranged on the top cover of the suction tube and communicated with the inside of the suction tube;

the photovoltaic panel supporting columns are arranged between two adjacent pairs of suction cylinders, the bottoms of the photovoltaic panel supporting columns are welded with the upper chord members, and the tops of the photovoltaic panel supporting columns extend out of the water surface and are used for mounting photovoltaic panels;

the plurality of unit modules are connected through the second connecting piece and the longitudinal connecting piece; the lower part of the second connecting piece is welded with the suction cylinder or the truss structure, and the upper part of the second connecting piece is provided with a first locking mechanism component; the longitudinal connecting piece is positioned above the truss structure, and a second locking mechanism component is arranged at the position of the longitudinal connecting piece opposite to the second connecting piece; the first locking mechanism component and the second locking mechanism component can be matched to realize locking and fixing.

Further, the vertical distance between the upper chord and the lower chord is 1.5-3.0 m, and the center distance between the two lower chords is 2-6 m; the lower chord cross rod is vertical to the two lower chords; the vertical web members are perpendicular to the upper chord and the lower chord connected with the upper chord.

Furthermore, the number of the suction cylinders connected with each lower chord is 3-5, and the center distance between the adjacent suction cylinders of the same lower chord is 20-50 m; the center distance between the two suction cylinders arranged in pairs is equal to the center distance between the two lower chords.

Further, the photovoltaic panel strut is connected to the intersection of the upper chord member, the oblique web member and the vertical web member.

Furthermore, two ends of the truss structure can form a fixed support through the suction cylinder, and an overhanging section can also be reserved and the lower part of the overhanging section is connected with an anti-sinking plate; the anti-sinking plate comprises a top plate and a ribbed plate, wherein the ribbed plate is connected to the lower part of the top plate and forms a plurality of sub-cabins.

Further, an airbag is disposed in each of the sub-compartments.

Further, two adjacent unit modules in the transverse direction are connected through a transverse connecting piece, and the transverse connecting piece is welded on the longitudinal connecting piece at the outermost end of each unit module.

Furthermore, the longitudinal connecting piece and/or the transverse connecting piece are in a telescopic form and comprise connecting piece outer sleeves, inner telescopic sections and bolts, the inner telescopic sections are sleeved between the two connecting piece outer sleeves, and the positions of the inner telescopic sections on the connecting piece outer sleeves are fixed through the bolts.

Further, the first locking mechanism component is a buckle male buckle, the second locking mechanism component is a buckle female buckle, and the buckle male buckle and the buckle female buckle are connected through a buckle.

Furthermore, the first locking mechanism component is a funnel-shaped interface, the second locking mechanism component is a wedge-shaped block, and the funnel-shaped interface and the wedge-shaped block are locked and fixed through static friction force.

According to another aspect of the invention, a construction method of the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is provided, which comprises the following steps:

(1) floating the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure to an installation sea area by a wet-towing method or a dry-towing method;

(2) if the step (1) is a wet-dragging method, opening a top cover valve of the suction barrel to enable the unit module to sink under the action of self weight;

wherein, if the two ends of the truss structure are provided with the anti-sinking plates and the air bags; opening a top cover valve of the suction tube and an exhaust port of the air bag to exhaust gas in the suction tube and the air bag;

if the step (1) is a dry-dragging method, hoisting the unit modules into water under the condition that a top cover valve is kept closed, and opening the top cover valve of the suction barrel after the verticality of the unit modules is adjusted through a hoisting cable so that the unit modules begin to sink under the action of self weight;

(3) after the unit modules sink at a constant speed, closing the top cover valves of all the suction cylinders in the unit modules;

preferably, the unit module keeps a speed of 1-2 m/h in the sinking process.

If the sinking speed is too high, gas is injected into the suction tube to increase buoyancy, the sinking speed is reduced, and the sinking safety of the unit module is ensured;

preferably, the verticality of the unit module is adjusted at any time by pumping air or inflating air to different suction cylinders in the self-weight sinking process;

(4) after the bottom end of a suction cylinder in the unit module enters mud, when the unit module cannot sink continuously, the unit module sinks to the mud surface contacted with the top cover of the suction cylinder through the suction cylinder;

preferably, the verticality of the unit module is adjusted at any time by adjusting the air pressure in the suction cylinder in the negative pressure sinking process.

(5) And lifting and lowering the longitudinal connecting piece to a position corresponding to the second connecting rod, and locking and fixing the first locking mechanism assembly of the second connecting rod and the second locking mechanism assembly of the longitudinal connecting piece to realize that a plurality of unit modules form a whole under the action of the longitudinal connecting piece.

When two transversely adjacent unit modules are connected through a transverse connecting piece, the lifting and lowering of the transverse connecting piece and the connection of the transverse connecting piece to the unit modules are further included.

Further, the wet-dragging method in the step (1) comprises the following operations:

a. a plurality of unit modules are temporarily fixedly connected into an integral structure;

b. lifting the integral structure which is temporarily connected and putting the integral structure into water, inflating the suction cylinders until the integral structure can reach a self-floating state and the draft is adjusted to reach the design draft, and ensuring the integral structure to be vertical by adjusting the air pressure in each suction cylinder;

wherein, if the two ends of the truss structure are provided with the anti-sinking plates and the air bags; and after the integral structure which is temporarily connected is lifted and put into water, inflating the suction tube and the air bag until the integral structure can reach a self-floating state and adjust draft to reach design draft.

c. The integral structure is transported to an installation sea area in a floating mode, and the air pressure in each suction cylinder is adjusted at any time in the floating process to ensure that the integral structure is vertical in posture;

d. and releasing the temporary connection between the whole structures, and allowing the unit modules to sink in sequence.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and the construction method, the solution is provided for the offshore photovoltaic fixed foundation by utilizing the suction cylinders, compared with the traditional pile foundation, the use of pile driving equipment is reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the offshore construction speed is accelerated;

according to the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and the construction method, the suction cylinder and the truss structure are combined, so that the foundation structure is high in strength and bearing capacity, and meanwhile, the main structure is basically below the water surface and is low in wave action, so that the steel consumption can be reduced, and the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and the construction method are suitable for offshore photovoltaic construction.

According to the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure and the construction method, the plurality of unit modules are connected into a whole through the connecting pieces, so that the motion response of the structure under the action of environmental load is effectively reduced, and the stability of the whole structure is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit module in an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of unit modules in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube infrastructure provided in example 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second connecting rod in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder substructure provided in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a jacket in an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tubular substructure provided in example 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic connection diagram of a snap female buckle and a snap male buckle in the marine photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular connector in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder substructure provided in example 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit module in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in example 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-settling plate in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder substructure provided in example 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the bladder in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-barrel substructure provided in example 2;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection of unit modules in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tubular infrastructure provided in example 2;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of the connection between the wedge block and the funnel-shaped interface in the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in example 1;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the overall layout of a 500m × 480m field of the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in example 1;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of a 500m × 480m field of the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder infrastructure provided in example 2.

In the above figures: 1. a suction drum; 2. an upper chord; 3. a lower chord; 4. a lower chord cross bar; 5. a diagonal web member; 6. a vertical web member; 7. a photovoltaic panel strut; 8. a first connecting rod; 9. a second connecting rod; 10. a connecting rod bushing; 11. a transverse connector; 12. a longitudinal connector; 13. buckling a female buckle; 14. a male buckle; 15. a connector outer sleeve; 16. an inner telescoping section; 17. a bolt; 18. a funnel-shaped interface; 19. an anti-sinking plate; 20. an air bag; 21. a wedge block.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

the invention provides an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure which is composed of a plurality of identical unit modules, wherein each unit module comprises a truss structure, a plurality of suction cylinders 1, a plurality of photovoltaic plate struts 7, a plurality of first connecting rods 8 and a plurality of second connecting rods 9.

The truss structure is formed by welding an upper chord 2, a lower chord 3, a lower chord cross rod 4, an inclined web member 5 and a vertical web member 6, wherein the upper chord 2 and the lower chord 3 are full-length cross rods. Two lower chords 3 are symmetrically arranged below the upper chord 2 and form a main body frame with an isosceles triangle vertical section together with the upper chord 2, the vertical distance between the upper chord 2 and the lower chord 3 is preferably 1.5-3.0 m, and the center distance between the two lower chords 3 is preferably 2-6 m. A plurality of lower chord cross rods 4 which are arranged at intervals are connected between the two lower chords 3, and the lower chord cross rods 4 are vertical to the two lower chords 3. Be connected with a plurality of interval arrangements's vertical web member 6 between upper chord 2 and every lower chord 3, vertical web member 6 is perpendicular with upper chord 2 and the lower chord 3 homogeneous phase who is connected. One end of each inclined web member 5 is connected to the intersection of the vertical web member 6 and the upper chord 2, and the other end of each inclined web member is connected to the intersection of the vertical web member 6 and the lower chord 3. The diagonal web members 5 are arranged between the upper chord 2 and each lower chord 3 in a staggered manner, that is, each two adjacent diagonal web members 5 between the upper chord 2 and the same lower chord 3 have different inclination directions.

Preferably, the upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord cross rod 4, the inclined web members 5 and the vertical web members 6 are all made of round steel pipes, wherein the diameters of the upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord cross rod 4 and the vertical web members 6 are all 40-60 cm, and the wall thicknesses are all 15-30 mm; the diameter of the diagonal web member 5 is 25-45 cm, and the wall thickness is 10-25 mm.

Two lower chords 3 of truss structure are connected with a plurality of suction section of thick bamboo 1 that the interval set up respectively, and the suction section of thick bamboo 1 quantity that every lower chord 3 is connected is preferred 3 ~ 5, and the centre-to-centre spacing is preferred 20 ~ 50 m. Two liang of suction section of thick bamboo 1 that two lower chords 3 are connected set up in pairs, and the center-to-center distance of two suction section of thick bamboo 1 that set up in pairs equals with the center-to-center distance of two lower chords 3, is 2 ~ 6 m.

The clear distance between the top surface of the suction tube 1 and the lower chord 3 is preferably 0.3-0.8 m. Every suction section of thick bamboo 1 is connected with the truss structure through first connecting rod 8, and the one end of first connecting rod 8 welds in the top cap center of a suction section of thick bamboo 1, and the other end welds in lower chord 3. Preferably, the diameter of the connecting rod 8 is 40-60 cm, the wall thickness is 15-30 mm, and the height is 2.5-4.0 m.

The suction tube 1 is a steel cylinder structure with a closed top surface and an open bottom surface; preferably, the outer diameter of the top cover is 1.5-4.0 m, the height of the top cover is 3.0-8.0 m, the thickness of the top cover is 20-35 mm, and the thickness of the side wall of the top cover is 10-25 mm. A valve is arranged at the top cover of the suction tube 1, and in the negative pressure sinking process of the suction tube 1, the pump system pumps water and air to the suction tube 1 through the valve to form negative pressure in the cabin to ensure that the suction tube 1 sinks. In the case of the unit module, since the plurality of suction cylinders 1 are arranged in a horizontal-vertical array, sinking leveling of the unit module is achieved.

1-4 photovoltaic panel struts 7 are arranged between two adjacent groups of paired suction cylinders 1, and the distance between two adjacent photovoltaic panel struts 7 is 10-25 m. The bottom of the photovoltaic panel strut 7 is welded with the upper chord 2 of the truss structure, and the top end of the photovoltaic panel strut 7 extends out of the water surface by 2-4 m and is used for installing a photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel strut 7 can be positioned above the suction tube 1, or can be arranged by staggering the suction tube 1. As a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic panel strut 7 is located at the intersection of the upper chord 2, the diagonal web members 5 and the vertical web members 6, so that the load effect on the photovoltaic panel strut 7 can be better transmitted to the suction tube 1 through the truss structure. Preferably, the photovoltaic panel strut 7 is a circular steel tube, the diameter of the circular steel tube is 40-60 cm, and the wall thickness of the circular steel tube is 15-30 mm.

The two ends of the truss structure can form fixed support through the suction cylinder 1, and overhanging sections with certain distances can be reserved at the two ends of the truss structure. When overhanging sections are reserved at two ends of the truss structure, the anti-sinking plate 19 can be welded at the lower part of the overhanging part of the truss structure, and the functions of supporting and reducing sinking are achieved. The anti-sinking plate 19 consists of a top plate and a rib plate, wherein the top plate is a rectangular steel plate, the length and width of the top plate are preferably 4-12 m, and the wall thickness is 10-30 mm; the rib plates are arranged along the length direction and the width direction of the top plate respectively to form a plurality of rectangular sub-cabins, the rib plates are also rectangular steel plates, the height of the rib plates is 0.5-3.0 m, the wall thickness of the rib plates is 5-20 mm, and the rib plates extend downwards from the top plate.

The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is formed by longitudinally connecting a plurality of unit modules, and the clear distance between every two longitudinally adjacent unit modules is 15-25 m; and transverse connection can be added on the basis of longitudinal connection, and the net distance between every two adjacent transverse unit modules is 1.0-3.0 m. The axes of the lower chords 3 of the plurality of unit modules after longitudinal connection and transverse connection are in the same plane. Wherein, the transverse connection is connected along the axial direction of the lower chord 3, and the longitudinal connection is connected along the direction vertical to the axial direction of the lower chord 3.

The plurality of unit modules are longitudinally connected by the second connection bar 9 and the longitudinal connection member 12. The bottom of the second connecting rod 9 is welded with the suction cylinder 1 or the truss structure, and the upper part of the second connecting rod 9 is provided with a first locking mechanism component. The second connecting rod 9 may be integrally formed with the first connecting member 8, or may be separately provided from the first connecting member 8. The longitudinal connecting piece 12 is positioned above the truss structure, and the axis of the longitudinal connecting piece is vertical to the axes of the upper chord 2, the lower chord 3 and the suction tube 1 of the truss structure. The longitudinal link 12 is provided with a second assembly of locking means directly opposite the second connecting rod 9. The locking mechanism first component and the locking mechanism second component are matched, and the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the second connecting rod 9 can be locked and fixed. The length of the longitudinal connector 12 is lengthened according to the number of unit modules connected in the longitudinal direction.

The unit modules adjacent in the lateral direction may not be connected, and may be connected in the lateral direction by the lateral connection members 11. The transverse connecting piece 11 is arranged between two adjacent unit modules which are transversely connected, and is welded with the longitudinal connecting piece 12 at the outermost end of each unit module to form an integral rectangular connecting piece. The axis of the cross connecting piece 11 is parallel to the upper chord 2 and the lower chord 3 of the truss structure.

The longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11 can be made of steel round pipes, the pipe diameter is 30-60 cm, and the wall thickness is 10-30 mm.

Longitudinal connector 12 and transverse connection piece 11 all can be designed as scalable form, including connecting piece outside sleeve pipe 15, inside flexible section 16 and bolt 17 promptly, inside flexible section 16 cup joints between two connecting piece outside sleeve pipes 15 to fix the position of inside flexible section 16 at connecting piece outside sleeve pipe 15 through bolt 17, thereby realize longitudinal connector 12 and transverse connection piece 11 adjustable in length, and then solve the position deviation that the unit module in-process of sinking produced and lead to the problem of positioning difficulty. Preferably, the outer sleeve 15 of the connecting piece and the inner telescopic section 16 of the connecting piece are both round steel pipes, the pipe diameter of the outer sleeve 15 of the connecting piece is 40-80 cm, the wall thickness is 15-30 mm, the pipe diameter of the inner telescopic section 16 is 30-60 cm, and the wall thickness is 10-25 mm.

According to the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure, the transportation process can be divided into a dry-towing method and a wet-towing method, the dry-towing method is the direct transportation of a transport ship, and the detailed description is omitted; the wet towing method is to transport the foundation structure to the installation sea by air flotation principle, and in order to increase the buoyancy of the foundation structure itself, an air bag 20 can be arranged in the sub-chamber of the anti-sinking plate 19.

The wet mopping method can be specifically carried out according to the following steps:

(1) the unit modules are prefabricated on land, and the plurality of unit modules are connected into an integral structure in a binding mode through temporary fixing.

(2) The integral structure that will connect the completion temporarily lifts up and puts into aquatic, inflates in a suction section of thick bamboo 1 and gasbag 20, reaches the self-floating state and adjusts the draft and reach the design draft until integral structure, guarantees that the integral structure gesture is vertical through adjusting each suction section of thick bamboo 1 inside atmospheric pressure.

(3) The integral structure is transported to an installation sea area in a floating mode, and the air pressure in each suction cylinder 1 is adjusted at any time in the floating process to ensure that the integral structure is vertical in posture.

(4) And releasing the temporary connection between the whole structures, and sinking the unit modules in sequence.

After the wet-towing transportation, the sinking installation construction method of the foundation structure can be specifically carried out according to the following steps:

(1) the top cover valve of the suction tube 1 and the exhaust port of the air bag 20 are opened, the air in the suction tube 1 and the air bag 20 is exhausted, and the unit module begins to sink under the action of self weight.

(2) The unit module can ensure the speed of 1-2 m/h as much as possible in the sinking process. When the self weight of the unit module is equal to the buoyancy, the unit module sinks at a constant speed, and the top cover valve of the suction barrel 1 and the exhaust port of the air bag 20 can be closed. If the sinking speed is too high, gas can be injected into the suction barrel 1 or the air bag 20 to increase buoyancy, so that the sinking speed is reduced, and the sinking safety of the unit module is ensured. The verticality of the unit module can be adjusted at any time by pumping air or inflating air to different suction cylinders 1 in the self-weight sinking process.

(3) After the bottom end of the suction cylinder 1 enters the mud, the resistance borne by the unit modules is increased, and when the resistance is greater than the gravity, the unit modules cannot continue to sink, and at the moment, the suction sinking is carried out. And opening a top cover valve to apply negative pressure to the suction tube 1, and providing sinking power in a pumping mode to further sink the unit module until the top cover of the suction tube 1 contacts a mud surface, so that the unit module is considered to be sunk in place. The verticality of the unit module can be adjusted at any time by adjusting the air pressure in different suction cylinders 1 in the negative pressure sinking process.

(4) And lifting and lowering the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11 to positions corresponding to the second connecting rod 9, so that the first locking mechanism component of the second connecting rod 9 and the second locking mechanism component of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 are locked and fixed, and the unit modules form a whole under the action of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11.

After the dry-dragging method is used for transportation, the sinking construction method of the foundation structure can be specifically carried out according to the following steps:

(1) after the unit modules are transported to an installation sea area, the unit modules are firstly hoisted into water, the top cover valves of the suction cylinders 1 in the unit modules are kept closed at the beginning, and the top cover valves of the suction cylinders 1 are opened to sink after the verticality of the unit modules is adjusted by the hoisting cables.

(2) The unit module can ensure the speed of 1-2 m/h as much as possible in the sinking process. When the self weight of the structure is equal to the buoyancy, the structure sinks at a constant speed, and the top cover valves of all the suction cylinders 1 can be closed. If the sinking speed is too high, gas can be injected into the suction tube 1 to increase buoyancy, so that the sinking speed is reduced, and the sinking safety of the unit module is ensured. The verticality of the unit module can be adjusted at any time by pumping air or inflating air to different suction cylinders 1 in the self-weight sinking process.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube foundation structure, which mainly includes a suction tube 1, a truss structure, photovoltaic panel struts 7, a first connecting rod 8, and a second connecting rod 9, and connects a plurality of same unit modules through a sleeve 10, a transverse connecting member 11, a longitudinal connecting member 12, a snap female buckle 13, a snap male buckle 14, and the like.

The suction tube 1 is a steel cylinder structure with a closed top and an open lower part, the diameter of the tube is 2.0m, the height of the tube is 4.0m, the thickness of a top cover is 25mm, and the thickness of a side wall is 15 mm. Each unit module comprises six suction cylinders 1, three suction cylinders are transversely arranged, and two suction cylinders are longitudinally arranged; the distance between the centers of two transversely adjacent suction cylinders 1 is 40m, and the distance between the centers of two longitudinally adjacent suction cylinders 1 is 4 m. All suction cylinders 1 are connected to the truss structure by first connecting rods 8.

The first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting rod 9 are vertical steel round pipes, the diameter of each round pipe is 0.5m, and the wall thickness is 25 mm. The height of each first connecting rod 8 is 0.5m, the bottom of each first connecting rod 8 is welded with the center of the top cover of the suction tube 1, and the top end of each first connecting rod is welded on the lower chord 3 of the truss structure; the second connecting rod 9 is 2.0m high and extends upwards from the lower chord 3. In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting rod 9 are integrally formed.

The truss structure is composed of an upper chord 2, a lower chord 3, a lower chord cross rod 4, an inclined web member 5 and a vertical web member 6. The upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord cross rod 4 and the vertical web members 6 are all round steel pipes with the diameter of 0.5m and the wall thickness of 25mm, and the truss inclined web members 5 are round steel pipes with the diameter of 0.35m and the wall thickness of 18 mm. The upper chord 2, the lower chord 3, the lower chord cross rod 4 and the vertical web members 6 are connected by welding.

The photovoltaic board pillar 7 is circular steel montant, and the diameter is 0.5m, and the wall thickness is 25mm, and 7 lower parts of photovoltaic board pillar link to each other with

upper chord

2 and 6 intersections of vertical web member, can transmit upper portion load to lower part suction section of thick bamboo 1 through truss structure, and the surface of water 2m is stretched out on 7 upper portions of photovoltaic board pillar for meet with the photovoltaic board support.

The plurality of unit modules are connected with each other through transverse connecting pieces 11 and longitudinal connecting pieces 12, three longitudinal connecting pieces 12 are connected among the longitudinal unit modules, and two transverse connecting pieces 11 are connected between two transversely adjacent unit modules. As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the first locking mechanism component arranged on the upper portion of the second connecting rod 9 is specifically provided with a male buckle 14, the two ends of the longitudinal connecting member 12 extend downwards by 0.5-1.5 m to form a sleeve 10, the second locking mechanism component arranged inside the sleeve 10 is specifically provided with a female buckle 13, and the female buckle 13 and the male buckle 14 are locked and fixed after being buckled.

In the embodiment, the longitudinal connecting member 12 is designed to be telescopic, that is, comprises a connecting member outer sleeve 15, an inner telescopic section 16 and a bolt 17, so that the length of the longitudinal connecting member 12 can be adjusted, and the problem that the rod positioning of the longitudinal connecting member 12 is inconsistent due to position deviation generated in the process of sinking the unit modules can be solved. The outer sleeve 15 of connecting piece and inside flexible section 16 are circular steel pipe, and the outer sleeve pipe diameter is 50cm, and wall thickness 20mm, and inside flexible section pipe diameter is 40cm, and wall thickness 15 mm. The transverse connecting member 11 is disposed between two adjacent unit modules connected in the transverse direction, and is welded with the longitudinal connecting member 12 of the outermost end of the unit modules as an integral rectangular connecting member, as shown in fig. 6.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the overall layout of a 500m × 480m site of the basic structure of this embodiment, with six unit modules in total in the lateral direction and a spacing of 4 m; the total number of the unit modules is 25 in the longitudinal direction, and the distance is 20 m.

The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure can be prefabricated on land and integrally transported to a designated sea area in a dry-towing mode, and self-weight sinking and negative pressure sinking are carried out after the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is transported in place. The method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) a suction tube 1, a second connecting rod 9 (namely a first connecting rod 8), a truss structure, a photovoltaic panel strut 7, a transverse connecting piece 11 and a longitudinal connecting piece 12 are prefabricated on land, the photovoltaic panel strut 7, the truss structure, the second connecting rod 9 and the tube type foundation 1 are welded into a unit module, and the transverse connecting piece 11 and the adjacent longitudinal connecting piece 12 are welded into an integral rectangular connecting piece.

(2) The unit modules and the longitudinal and

transverse connectors

12, 11 are dry hauled to the target sea area.

(3) The unit module is lifted and lowered into water, the unit module is made to sink under the dead weight, when the sinking resistance is larger than the dead weight, the pump system is used for extracting negative pressure to sink the unit module under the negative pressure until the unit module sinks to the designated position. If inclination occurs during sinking, the unit modules can be finely leveled by adjusting each suction cylinder 1. The verticality of the unit module can be adjusted at any time by pumping air or inflating air to different suction cylinders 1 in the self-weight sinking process.

(4) The longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11 are lifted and lowered to the position corresponding to the second connecting rod 9, equipment such as a hydraulic machine and the like is used for applying thrust to fasten the snap male buckle 14 in the sleeve 10 and the snap female buckle 13 on the second connecting rod 9, and the plurality of unit modules form a whole under the action of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 and the transverse connecting piece 11.

If the vertical connecting pieces 12 and the transverse connecting pieces 11 cannot be aligned with the second connecting rods 9 due to the deviation of the sinking positions of different unit modules in the construction process, the length of the telescopic vertical connecting pieces 12 can be adjusted through the adjusting bolts 17 to correspond.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a marine photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure, which mainly comprises unit modules consisting of a suction cylinder 1, a truss structure, photovoltaic panel pillars 7, a first connecting rod 8, a second connecting rod 9, an anti-sinking plate 19 and an air bag 20, and a plurality of same unit modules are connected through a longitudinal connecting piece 12, a funnel-shaped interface 18, a wedge-shaped block 21 and the like.

As shown in fig. 7, unlike embodiment 1, each unit module has 8 suction drums 1 in total, and the distance between the centers of two laterally adjacent suction drums 1 is 20 m. The truss structure comprises an upper chord member 2, a lower chord member 3, a lower chord cross rod 4, an inclined web member 5 and a vertical web member 6. The two ends of the truss structure respectively extend out of 10m overhanging sections relative to the suction tube 1, an anti-sinking plate 19 is connected below the overhanging sections, the size of the anti-sinking plate is that the length is multiplied by the width and the height is multiplied by 8m multiplied by 1.5m, 6 ribbed plates are arranged inside the anti-sinking plate 19 to divide the anti-sinking plate into 16 sub-cabins, an air bag 20 is placed in each sub-cabin, the top plate of the anti-sinking plate 19 is a steel plate, the wall thickness is 20mm, and the wall thickness of the ribbed plates is 10mm, as shown in fig. 8 and 9. The problem that the cantilever section truss is lack of support is solved through the design of anti-sinking plate 19, and the design of gasbag 20 in anti-sinking plate 19 has simultaneously realized the wet of transportation in-process and has dragged, has reduced construction cost.

In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting rod 9 are separately arranged. The height of each first connecting rod 8 is 0.5m, the bottom of each first connecting rod 8 is welded with the center of the top cover of the suction tube 1, and the top end of each first connecting rod is welded on the lower chord 3 of the truss structure; the second connecting rod 9 has a height of 2.0m, and a bottom end thereof is welded to the upper chord 2 of the truss structure and extends upward from the upper chord 2. Each unit module is provided with a second connecting rod 9, and the second connecting rod 9 is positioned in the middle of the upper chord 2.

As shown in fig. 10, unlike example 1, two adjacent unit modules in the transverse direction are not connected to each other, and only the unit modules in the longitudinal direction are connected to each other. A longitudinal connecting member 12 is connected between two unit modules which are longitudinally adjacent. The locking mechanism first component arranged on the upper portion of the second connecting rod 9 specifically uses a funnel-shaped interface 18, the two ends of the longitudinal connecting piece 12 extend downwards to form the locking mechanism second component, the locking mechanism second component specifically uses a wedge-shaped block 21, and the wedge-shaped block 21 and the funnel-shaped interface 18 are locked and fixed by static friction force, as shown in fig. 11. The wedge block 21 and the funnel-shaped interface 18 facilitate the positioning of the longitudinal connecting piece 12, and the construction difficulty can be reduced.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the overall layout of a 500m by 480m field of the basic structure of this embodiment, which has six unit modules in total in the transverse direction and a pitch of 4 m; the total number of the unit modules is 25 in the longitudinal direction, and the distance between the unit modules is 20 m.

The fixed many section of thick bamboo foundation structure of marine photovoltaic of this embodiment can be prefabricated on land, wholly transports to the institute sea area, and the difference with embodiment 1 is that embodiment 2's transportation mode is the wet method of dragging, carries out dead weight and sinks with the negative pressure after transporting to the target position.

The wet-dragging method of the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is carried out according to the following steps:

(1) the unit modules are prefabricated on land, and the plurality of unit modules are fixedly connected into an integral structure in a binding mode.

(2) The integral structure that will connect the completion temporarily lifts up and puts into aquatic, inflates in a suction section of thick bamboo 1 and gasbag 20, reaches the design draft until integral structure can reach from floating state and adjust the draft, adjusts the structure gesture through adjusting the inside atmospheric pressure of a suction section of thick bamboo 1 and keeps vertical.

(3) The integral structure is transported to an installation sea area in a floating mode, and the air pressure inside each suction cylinder 1 is adjusted at any time in the floating transportation process to ensure that the posture of the integral structure is vertical.

(4) And releasing the temporary connection among the integral structures, and sequentially sinking and installing the unit modules.

The sinking construction method of the offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is carried out according to the following steps:

(1) the top cover valve of the suction cylinder 1 and the exhaust port of the air bag 20 are opened, the air in the cylinder 1 and the air bag 20 is exhausted, and the unit module begins to sink under the action of self weight.

(2) The unit module can ensure the speed of 1-2 m/h as much as possible in the sinking process. When the self weight of the unit module is equal to the buoyancy, the unit module sinks at a constant speed, and the top cover valve of the suction tube 1 and the exhaust port of the air bag 20 can be closed. If the sinking speed is too high, gas can be injected into the suction barrel 1 or the air bag 20 to increase buoyancy, so that the sinking speed is reduced, and the sinking safety of the structure is ensured. The verticality of the unit module can be adjusted at any time by pumping air or inflating air to different suction cylinders 1 in the self-weight sinking process.

(3) After the bottom end of the suction cylinder 1 enters the mud, the resistance borne by the unit modules is increased, when the resistance is greater than the gravity of the structure, the structure cannot continue to sink, and at the moment, suction sinking is carried out. And opening a cylinder top cover valve to apply negative pressure to the suction cylinder 1, and providing sinking power in a pumping mode to further sink the structure until the cylinder top cover contacts a mud surface, and considering that the structure is sunk in place. The verticality of the unit module can be adjusted at any time by adjusting the air pressure in different suction cylinders 1 in the negative pressure sinking process.

(4) The longitudinal connecting piece 12 is lifted and lowered to the position corresponding to the second connecting rod 9, so that the wedge block 21 and the funnel-shaped interface 18 are locked and fixed, and the plurality of basic structure units form a whole under the action of the connecting piece.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A marine photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure is characterized by being composed of a plurality of unit modules, wherein each unit module comprises a truss structure, a suction cylinder, a photovoltaic panel strut, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod;

2. The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube foundation structure, according to claim 1, wherein the vertical distance between the upper chord and the lower chord is 1.5-3.0 m, and the center-to-center distance between the two lower chords is 2-6 m; the lower chord cross rod is vertical to the two lower chords; the vertical web members are perpendicular to both the upper chord and the lower chord to which the web members are connected.

3. The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the number of the suction cylinders connected to each lower chord is 3-5, and the center distance between the adjacent suction cylinders of the same lower chord is 20-50 m; the center distance between the two suction cylinders arranged in pairs is equal to the center distance between the two lower chords.

4. An offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube foundation structure according to claim 1, wherein photovoltaic panel struts are connected at the intersections of the upper chords, diagonal web members and vertical web members.

5. The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-cylinder foundation structure, according to claim 1, wherein the truss structure can be clamped at two ends by the suction cylinder, and an overhanging section can be reserved and an anti-sinking plate is connected to the lower part of the overhanging section; the anti-sinking plate comprises a top plate and rib plates, the rib plates are connected to the lower portion of the top plate and form a plurality of sub-cabins, and air bags are arranged in each sub-cabin.

6. An offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tubular foundation structure, according to claim 1, characterized in that two laterally adjacent unit modules are connected by a transverse connector welded to said longitudinal connector at the outermost end of said unit modules.

7. An offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tubular foundation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the longitudinal and/or transverse connectors are of telescopic form, comprising connector outer sleeves, inner telescopic sections and bolts, the inner telescopic sections are sleeved between the two connector outer sleeves and the position of the inner telescopic sections at the connector outer sleeves is fixed by the bolts.

8. The offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tube infrastructure of claim 1, wherein the first locking mechanism component is a snap male and the second locking mechanism component is a snap female, the snap male and the snap female being connected by a snap; or, the first locking mechanism component is a funnel-shaped interface, the second locking mechanism component is a wedge-shaped block, and the funnel-shaped interface and the wedge-shaped block are locked and fixed through static friction force.

9. A method of constructing an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-tubular substructure according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

(2) if the step (1) is a wet-dragging method, opening a top cover valve of the suction tube to enable the unit module to sink under the self-weight action;

if the step (1) is a dry-dragging method, the unit modules are hoisted into water under the condition that a top cover valve is kept closed, and the top cover valve of the suction barrel is opened after the verticality of the unit modules is adjusted by a hoisting cable, so that the unit modules begin to sink under the action of self weight;

10. The construction method of an offshore photovoltaic fixed multi-barrel foundation structure according to claim 9, wherein the wet-towing method of the step (1) comprises the following operations: