CN106759430A - A kind of wind-powered electricity generation whole machine construction method of three bucket foundations and concrete support structure - Google Patents

A kind of wind-powered electricity generation whole machine construction method of three bucket foundations and concrete support structure Download PDF

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CN106759430A
CN106759430A CN201611030049.7A CN201611030049A CN106759430A CN 106759430 A CN106759430 A CN 106759430A CN 201611030049 A CN201611030049 A CN 201611030049A CN 106759430 A CN106759430 A CN 106759430A
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concrete
bucket
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foundations
foundation
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CN106759430B (en
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乐丛欢
丁红岩
王旭月
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Tianjin University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts

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Abstract

本发明涉及海上基础结构领域,公开了一种三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机施工方法,其步骤如下:陆上预制三个筒型基础,将筒型基础按照三角形布置,依次进行混凝土连接底板、混凝土压载舱结构、竖向混凝土连接件、混凝土柱、斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构、混凝土连接顶板的施工,并组装好塔筒和风机;将风电整机移入水中并拖至施工点;通过放气下沉和负压下沉使筒型基础就位,最后在混凝土压载舱结构内投放压载物。本发明可自浮拖航和沉放,整个沉放过程不需要大型设备,施工简单、快速,所需施工设备很少,避免了昂贵的大型海上现场施工设备,施工成本低、综合造价低。

The invention relates to the field of offshore foundation structures, and discloses a construction method for a complete wind power machine with three cylindrical foundations and a concrete support structure. The steps are as follows: prefabricate three cylindrical foundations on land, arrange the cylindrical foundations in a triangle, and sequentially Carry out the construction of the concrete connection bottom plate, concrete ballast tank structure, vertical concrete connectors, concrete columns, oblique thin-slice variable-section concrete structure, and concrete connection roof, and assemble the tower and wind turbine; move the wind power machine into the water and Tow to the construction site; make the cylindrical foundation in place by venting and sinking under negative pressure, and finally put the ballast in the concrete ballast tank structure. The invention can be towed and lowered by self-floating, the whole lowering and lowering process does not need large-scale equipment, the construction is simple and fast, the required construction equipment is few, and expensive large-scale offshore on-site construction equipment is avoided, and the construction cost is low and the overall cost is low.

Description

一种三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机施工方法A wind power machine construction method with three cylindrical foundations and concrete support structure

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种港口、海洋、水利和桥梁工程的基础结构领域,具体的说,是涉及一种多筒组合以优化筒型基础受力的风电整机施工方法。The invention relates to the field of basic structure of port, ocean, water conservancy and bridge engineering, in particular, relates to a construction method of a complete wind power machine in which multiple tubes are combined to optimize the stress of the tube-shaped foundation.

背景技术Background technique

目前,在海洋工程领域如海上风力发电工程中,基础结构通常有桩基础、重力式基础、导管架式基础、负压基础和浮式平台等形式,这些基础结构通常需要大型机具进行运输和安装,造成施工费用较高,施工周期较长。相比传统基础结构而言,筒型基础由于其造价低廉、施工便捷、使用安全可靠、可回收复用等特点被广泛应用于海洋工程中。At present, in the field of marine engineering such as offshore wind power projects, the foundation structures usually have pile foundations, gravity foundations, jacket foundations, negative pressure foundations and floating platforms, etc. These foundation structures usually require large machines for transportation and installation , resulting in higher construction costs and longer construction periods. Compared with the traditional foundation structure, the cylindrical foundation is widely used in marine engineering due to its low cost, convenient construction, safe and reliable use, and recyclable reuse.

但是,海上风力发电基础结构所处环境十分复杂,所受荷载除了上部结构传递下来的风机塔架等结构重量的竖向力外,还有风荷载传递到基础结构的水平力和弯矩,以及波浪、海流、海冰荷载等。大弯矩荷载一般导致需要筒型基础直径较大,而大直径单筒基础的施工限制条件较多,如其运输和安装过程需要大型机具等,造成在海域施工时费用很高。However, the environment of the foundation structure of offshore wind power generation is very complex. In addition to the vertical force of the structural weight of the wind turbine tower transmitted from the superstructure, the load also includes the horizontal force and bending moment transmitted from the wind load to the foundation structure, and Waves, ocean currents, sea ice loads, etc. Large bending moment loads generally lead to a larger diameter of the cylindrical foundation, while the construction of a large-diameter single-cylinder foundation has many restrictions, such as the transportation and installation process requiring large machinery and tools, resulting in high construction costs in sea areas.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明要解决的是现有技术中存在的上述问题,提供一种三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机施工方法,可自浮拖航和负压沉放,能够明显降低基础的施工成本。The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. It provides a construction method for a complete wind power machine with three cylindrical foundations and a concrete support structure. Construction costs.

为了解决上述技术问题,本发明通过以下的技术方案予以实现:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机施工方法,按照如下步骤进行:A construction method for a complete wind power machine with three cylindrical foundations and a concrete support structure is carried out according to the following steps:

(1)陆上预制三个筒型基础,所述筒型基础内部设置有分舱室,所述筒型基础顶盖设置有用于安装管道接头的预留孔;(1) Three cylindrical foundations are prefabricated on land, the interior of the cylindrical foundations is provided with compartments, and the top cover of the cylindrical foundations is provided with reserved holes for installing pipe joints;

(2)所述筒型基础预制完成且检查气密性符合设计要求后,将三个所述筒型基础按照其中心点连线构成一个三角形进行布置,并在三个所述筒型基础之间支模、绑扎钢筋和浇筑混凝土,进行所述混凝土连接底板的施工;(2) After the prefabrication of the cylindrical foundation is completed and the air tightness is checked to meet the design requirements, the three cylindrical foundations are arranged according to the line connecting their center points to form a triangle, and between the three cylindrical foundations Formwork support, binding steel bars and pouring concrete, carry out the construction of the concrete connection bottom plate;

所述混凝土连接底板的底面与所述筒型基础的顶面在同一平面上,其设置在三个所述筒型基础之间并以三个筒型基础的中心点连线为轮廓;The bottom surface of the concrete connection bottom plate is on the same plane as the top surface of the cylindrical foundation, which is arranged between the three cylindrical foundations and takes the line connecting the center points of the three cylindrical foundations as the outline;

(3)所述混凝土连接底板养护完成并达到设计的强度要求后,在每个所述筒型基础上部以其顶板作为底面模板进行混凝土压载舱结构的施工,并在每两个混凝土压载舱结构之间进行竖向混凝土连接件的施工,三个所述混凝土压载舱结构和三个所述竖向混凝土连接件同时支模、绑扎钢筋和浇筑混凝土;浇筑所述混凝土压载舱结构的混凝土之前在所述筒型基础顶盖的预留孔中安装管道接头,所述管道接头顶端伸出于所述混凝土压载舱结构底面、底端伸出于所述筒型基础顶面;(3) After the maintenance of the concrete connection bottom plate is completed and reaches the designed strength requirements, the top plate of each of the cylindrical foundations is used as the bottom formwork to carry out the construction of the concrete ballast tank structure, and every two concrete ballasts Carry out the construction of the vertical concrete connectors between the tank structures, the three concrete ballast tank structures and the three vertical concrete connectors support the formwork, bind the steel bars and pour concrete at the same time; pour the concrete ballast tank structure Install a pipe joint in the reserved hole of the top cover of the cylindrical foundation before the concrete, the top end of the pipe joint protrudes from the bottom surface of the concrete ballast tank structure, and the bottom end protrudes from the top surface of the cylindrical foundation;

所述混凝土压载舱结构为开口向上的筒状结构,每个所述混凝土压载舱结构的中心轴与其连接的所述筒型基础的中心轴共线;The concrete ballast tank structure is a cylindrical structure with an opening upward, and the central axis of each concrete ballast tank structure is collinear with the central axis of the cylindrical foundation to which it is connected;

所述竖向混凝土连接件连接在每两个所述混凝土压载舱结构之间,所述竖向混凝土连接件与所连接的两个所述混凝土压载舱结构的中心轴共面;The vertical concrete connector is connected between every two concrete ballast tank structures, and the vertical concrete connector is coplanar with the central axis of the two connected concrete ballast tank structures;

(4)所述混凝土压载舱结构和所述竖向混凝土连接件养护完成并达到设计的强度要求后,在所述混凝土连接底板上部支模、绑扎钢筋和浇筑混凝土,进行混凝土柱和斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构的施工;(4) After the maintenance of the concrete ballast tank structure and the vertical concrete connectors is completed and the strength requirements of the design are reached, formwork is supported on the upper part of the concrete connection bottom plate, steel bars are bound and concrete is poured, and concrete columns and oblique Construction of thin-section variable-section concrete structures;

所述混凝土柱位于三个所述筒型基础所构成三角形的内心位置处;The concrete column is located at the inner position of the triangle formed by the three cylindrical foundations;

所述斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构连接于所述混凝土柱与每个所述混凝土压载舱结构之间,底部延伸至所述混凝土连接底板、顶部延伸至混凝土连接顶板,其截面长度由所述混凝土连接顶板至所述混凝土压载舱结构边缘呈连续变化;The oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structure is connected between the concrete column and each of the concrete ballast tank structures, the bottom extends to the concrete connection bottom plate, the top extends to the concrete connection top plate, and its section length is determined by the The concrete connection top plate is continuously changing to the edge of the concrete ballast tank structure;

(5)所述混凝土柱和斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构养护完成并达到设计的强度要求后,在所述混凝土柱和斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构顶部支模、绑扎钢筋和浇筑混凝土,进行混凝土连接顶板的施工;(5) After the maintenance of the concrete column and the oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structure is completed and the strength requirements of the design are reached, formwork is supported on the top of the concrete column and the oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structure, steel bars are bound and concrete is poured, Concrete connection roof construction;

(6)所述混凝土连接顶板养护完成并达到设计强度要求后,在所述混凝土连接顶板上部组装好塔筒和风机,形成三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机;(6) After the maintenance of the concrete connection roof is completed and the design strength requirement is reached, a tower and a fan are assembled on the top of the concrete connection roof to form a wind power machine with three cylindrical foundations and a concrete support structure;

(7)利用吊机或滑道将所述三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机移入水中,通过所述筒型基础中空部分的空气提供浮力或者由所述管道接头连接吹气管向所述筒型基础中空部分注入高压气体而提供浮力,使所述三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机漂浮在水面上;(7) Use a crane or a slideway to move the wind power machine of the three cylindrical foundations and the concrete support structure into the water, and provide buoyancy through the air in the hollow part of the cylindrical foundation or connect the air blowing pipe to the water by the pipe joint. The hollow part of the cylindrical foundation is injected with high-pressure gas to provide buoyancy, so that the wind power machine of the three cylindrical foundations and the concrete support structure floats on the water;

(8)利用拖轮将所述三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机拖至指定施工地点;(8) Utilize the tugboat to drag the wind power complete machine of described three cylindrical foundations and the concrete support structure to the designated construction site;

(9)通过所述管道接头抽掉所述筒型基础中空部分的空气或放掉所述筒型基础中空部分的高压气体,使所述筒型基础逐渐下沉至泥面,然后通过所述管道接头连接抽水管抽出所述筒型基础中的水体,实现负压下沉使其就位;下沉过程中当所述筒型基础出现倾斜时,通过泵系统对各分舱室施加不同的舱内正压力进行调平;(9) Take out the air in the hollow part of the cylindrical foundation through the pipe joint or release the high-pressure gas in the hollow part of the cylindrical foundation, so that the cylindrical foundation gradually sinks to the mud surface, and then pass the The pipe joint is connected to the suction pipe to pump out the water body in the cylindrical foundation to achieve negative pressure sinking to make it in place; when the cylindrical foundation is tilted during the sinking process, different compartments are applied to each sub-chamber through the pump system. Internal positive pressure for leveling;

(10)所述筒型基础下沉就位后,对所述混凝土压载舱结构内投放压载物,施工完毕。(10) After the cylindrical foundation sinks into place, put ballast into the concrete ballast tank structure, and the construction is completed.

其中,所述筒型基础为圆形,其外径为10~20m,高度为4~6m。Wherein, the cylindrical foundation is circular, with an outer diameter of 10-20m and a height of 4-6m.

其中,每两个所述筒型基础之间的净距离为1~3倍的所述筒型基础外径。Wherein, the net distance between every two cylindrical foundations is 1 to 3 times the outer diameter of the cylindrical foundations.

其中,所述混凝土压载舱结构为圆形,其外径为10~20m,高度为4~6m。Wherein, the structure of the concrete ballast tank is circular, its outer diameter is 10-20m, and its height is 4-6m.

其中,所述筒型基础周边设置向上延伸的钢质肋板并插入所述混凝土压载舱结构。Wherein, an upwardly extending steel rib is provided around the cylindrical foundation and inserted into the concrete ballast tank structure.

其中,所述管道接头在所述混凝土压载舱结构底面均匀布置,其直径为5~200mm,数量为10~100个。Wherein, the pipe joints are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the concrete ballast tank structure, the diameter of which is 5-200mm, and the number is 10-100.

其中,所述竖向混凝土连接件的高度与所述混凝土压载舱结构的高度一致且范围为4~6m,厚度为0.5m~1.5m;所述竖向混凝土连接件的上下两边分别与所述混凝土压载舱结构的上下表面齐平。Wherein, the height of the vertical concrete connector is consistent with the height of the concrete ballast tank structure and the range is 4-6m, and the thickness is 0.5m-1.5m; the upper and lower sides of the vertical concrete connector are respectively connected to the The upper and lower surfaces of the concrete ballast tank structure are flush.

其中,所述混凝土连接底板和所述混凝土连接顶板的厚度均为0.5m~2m。Wherein, the thickness of the concrete connection bottom plate and the concrete connection top plate are both 0.5m-2m.

其中,所述混凝土柱的高度为10~20m。Wherein, the height of the concrete column is 10-20m.

其中,所述斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构包括3~12个,所述混凝土柱与每个所述混凝土压载舱结构之间连接有1-4个所述斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构;所述斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构的厚度为0.5m~2m。Wherein, the oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structures include 3 to 12, and 1-4 oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structures are connected between the concrete columns and each of the concrete ballast tank structures ; The thickness of the oblique thin slice concrete structure with variable cross-section is 0.5m-2m.

本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明的三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机施工方法,可自浮拖航和沉放,整个沉放过程不需要大型设备,施工简单、快速,所需施工设备很少,避免了昂贵的大型水上现场施工设备,施工成本低、综合造价低。The wind power machine construction method of the three cylindrical foundations and the concrete support structure of the present invention can be self-floating towed and sunk, the whole sunk process does not require large-scale equipment, the construction is simple and fast, and the required construction equipment is few, avoiding Expensive large-scale water on-site construction equipment is used, and the construction cost is low and the overall cost is low.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的施工方法中所涉及三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构体系的主视图;Fig. 1 is the front view of three cylindrical foundations and the concrete supporting structure system involved in the construction method of the present invention;

图2是本发明的施工方法中所涉及三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构体系的俯视图;Fig. 2 is the top view of three cylindrical foundations and concrete supporting structure systems involved in the construction method of the present invention;

图3是本发明的施工方法中所涉及三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机的主视图;Fig. 3 is the front view of the wind power complete machine of three cylindrical foundations and concrete support structures involved in the construction method of the present invention;

图4是分舱结构的平面示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the compartment structure.

图中:1、筒型基础;2、混凝土压载舱结构;3、竖向混凝土连接件;4、混凝土柱;5、斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构;6、混凝土连接顶板;7、混凝土连接底板;8、分舱板。In the figure: 1. Cylindrical foundation; 2. Concrete ballast tank structure; 3. Vertical concrete connector; 4. Concrete column; Connect the bottom plate; 8. Subdivision plate.

具体实施方式detailed description

为能进一步了解本发明的发明内容、特点及效果,兹例举以下实施例,并配合附图详细说明如下:In order to further understand the invention content, characteristics and effects of the present invention, the following examples are given, and detailed descriptions are as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

如图1至图4所示,本实施例公开了一种三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机施工方法,该方法具体按照如下步骤进行:As shown in Figures 1 to 4, this embodiment discloses a construction method for a complete wind power machine with three cylindrical foundations and a concrete support structure. The method is specifically carried out in accordance with the following steps:

(一)陆上预制三个钢制的筒型基础1,每个筒型基础1完全相同,均为顶部封闭、底部敞口的圆筒状钢结构基础,外径为15m,壁厚25mm,顶盖厚50mm,筒高5m,其内部通过设置分舱板分成多个分舱室。筒型基础1的直径通常为10~20m,高度通常为4~6m;材质可以是钢筋混凝土、钢、钢-钢筋混凝土复合材料;内部可进行分舱处理,也可以不进行分舱处理。分舱室可以组成蜂窝状,包括中心的一个正六边形分舱和均匀设置于其周围的六个相同的边分舱,所有的钢制分舱板长度相等,均为钢制圆形筒型基础1结构直径的0.25倍,如图4所示。(1) Three steel cylindrical foundations 1 are prefabricated on land. Each cylindrical foundation 1 is exactly the same. They are all cylindrical steel structure foundations with a closed top and an open bottom, with an outer diameter of 15m and a wall thickness of 25mm. The top cover is 50mm thick, and the cylinder height is 5m. The interior is divided into multiple compartments by setting compartment plates. The diameter of the cylindrical foundation 1 is usually 10-20m, and the height is usually 4-6m; the material can be reinforced concrete, steel, steel-reinforced concrete composite material; the interior can be subdivided or not. The subdivision room can be formed into a honeycomb shape, including a regular hexagonal subdivision in the center and six identical side subdivisions evenly arranged around it. All steel subdivision panels have the same length and are all steel circular cylindrical foundations. 1 0.25 times the diameter of the structure, as shown in Figure 4.

筒型基础1顶盖设置有用于安装管道接头的预留孔,这些预留孔在筒型基础1的顶盖上呈径向均匀地布置,数量为10~100个。The top cover of the cylindrical foundation 1 is provided with reserved holes for installing pipe joints, and these reserved holes are evenly arranged radially on the top cover of the cylindrical foundation 1, and the number is 10-100.

预制完成后,将筒型基础1吊入陆地边的水中检查其气密性。After the prefabrication is completed, the cylindrical foundation 1 is hoisted into the water on the edge of the land to check its airtightness.

(二)筒型基础1的气密性符合设计要求后,将三个筒型基础1在水平面上按照其中心点连线能够构成一个正三角形进行排布,每两个筒型基础1中心点之间的距离为25m。三个筒型基础1的布置要求为在水平面上呈三角形分布,即三个筒型基础1的中心分别位于该三角形的三个顶点上。每两个筒型基础1之间的净距离为1~3倍的筒型基础1外径,这样能够在充分发挥混凝土支撑结构优化筒型基础1承载能力的同时,利用三个筒型基础1的群体效应来提高整体基础结构体系的承载能力。(2) After the airtightness of the cylindrical foundation 1 meets the design requirements, arrange the three cylindrical foundations 1 on the horizontal plane according to the line connecting their center points to form an equilateral triangle, and every two cylindrical foundations 1 center point The distance between them is 25m. The arrangement of the three cylindrical foundations 1 is required to be distributed in a triangle on the horizontal plane, that is, the centers of the three cylindrical foundations 1 are respectively located on the three vertices of the triangle. The clear distance between every two cylindrical foundations 1 is 1 to 3 times the outer diameter of the cylindrical foundation 1, so that the concrete support structure can be fully used to optimize the bearing capacity of the cylindrical foundation 1, and three cylindrical foundations 1 can be used. Group effect to improve the carrying capacity of the overall infrastructure system.

然后在三个筒型基础1之间支模、绑扎钢筋和浇筑混凝土,进行混凝土连接底板7的施工。混凝土连接底板7为板式混凝土结构,设置在筒型基础1之间并以三个筒型基础1的中心点连线为轮廓,混凝土连接底板7的底面位于三个筒型基础1顶面所在的平面上。混凝土连接底板7的厚度一般为0.5m~2m,具体尺寸可以根据实际工程进行调整。Then formwork is supported between the three cylindrical foundations 1, steel bars are bound and concrete is poured, and the construction of the concrete connection base plate 7 is carried out. The concrete connection bottom plate 7 is a slab concrete structure, which is arranged between the cylindrical foundations 1 and takes the line connecting the center points of the three cylindrical foundations 1 as the outline. The bottom surface of the concrete connection bottom plate 7 is located at the top surface of the three cylindrical foundations 1 on flat surface. The thickness of the concrete connecting bottom plate 7 is generally 0.5m-2m, and the specific size can be adjusted according to the actual project.

(三)混凝土连接底板7养护完成并达到设计的强度要求后,在每个筒型基础1上部以其顶板作为底面模板进行混凝土压载舱结构2的施工,并在每两个混凝土压载舱结构2之间进行竖向混凝土连接件3的施工,三个混凝土压载舱结构2和三个竖向混凝土连接件3同时支模、绑扎钢筋和浇筑混凝土。(3) After the maintenance of the concrete connection bottom plate 7 is completed and reaches the design strength requirements, the construction of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 is carried out on the upper part of each cylindrical foundation 1 with its top plate as the bottom surface formwork, and every two concrete ballast tanks The construction of the vertical concrete connectors 3 is carried out between the structures 2, and the three concrete ballast tank structures 2 and the three vertical concrete connectors 3 are molded, steel bars are bound and concrete is poured at the same time.

需要注意,在浇筑混凝土压载舱结构2的混凝土之前应在筒型基础1顶盖的预留孔中安装用于传输高压气或水的管道接头,管道接头的顶端伸出于混凝土压载舱结构2底面、底端伸出于筒型基础1顶面,管道接头的内直径为5~200mm。It should be noted that before pouring the concrete of the concrete ballast tank structure 2, a pipe joint for transmitting high-pressure gas or water should be installed in the reserved hole on the top cover of the cylindrical foundation 1, and the top of the pipe joint protrudes from the concrete ballast tank The bottom surface and bottom end of the structure 2 protrude from the top surface of the cylindrical foundation 1, and the inner diameter of the pipe joint is 5-200mm.

混凝土压载舱结构2是顶部敞口、底部封闭的一种倒置圆筒状混凝土结构,其外径为15m,壁厚35mm,底部厚50mm,高5m。混凝土压载舱结构2的外径范围是10~15m,高度范围是4~6m。混凝土压载舱结构2的中心轴与其所对应连接的筒型基础1的中心轴共线,且混凝土压载舱结构2的直径与筒型基础1的直径相等。混凝土压载舱结构2结构内部也可设置分舱板,或者在舱壁内侧增加梯形肋板,以增加混凝土压载舱结构2的刚度。还可以通过筒型基础1周边设置延伸出的环形钢质肋板并插入混凝土压载舱结构2来解决混凝土压载舱结构2与筒型基础1之间的连接问题,这种连接方式可以有效避免以往连接节点的应力集中现象,提高结构的整体刚度。The concrete ballast tank structure 2 is an inverted cylindrical concrete structure with an open top and a closed bottom, with an outer diameter of 15m, a wall thickness of 35mm, a bottom thickness of 50mm, and a height of 5m. The outer diameter range of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 is 10-15m, and the height range is 4-6m. The central axis of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 is collinear with the central axis of the corresponding cylindrical foundation 1 , and the diameter of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical foundation 1 . The interior of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 may also be provided with subdivision plates, or trapezoidal ribs may be added inside the bulkhead to increase the rigidity of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 . It is also possible to solve the connection problem between the concrete ballast tank structure 2 and the cylindrical foundation 1 by setting an extended annular steel rib plate around the cylindrical foundation 1 and inserting the concrete ballast tank structure 2. This connection method can effectively Avoid the stress concentration phenomenon of the connection nodes in the past, and improve the overall rigidity of the structure.

竖向混凝土连接件3呈竖向设置的长方体薄片结构,高度通常与混凝土压载舱结构2的高度一致且范围在4~6m,厚度为0.5m~1.5m,具体尺寸可以根据实际工程进行调整。每两个混凝土压载舱结构2之间连接有一个竖向混凝土连接件3,该竖向混凝土连接件3与所连接的两个混凝土压载舱结构2的中心轴在同一平面上,且竖向混凝土连接件3的上下两边分别与混凝土压载舱结构2的上下表面齐平。The vertical concrete connector 3 is a cuboid sheet structure arranged vertically, the height is usually consistent with the height of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 and the range is 4-6m, and the thickness is 0.5m-1.5m. The specific size can be adjusted according to the actual project . A vertical concrete connector 3 is connected between every two concrete ballast tank structures 2, and the vertical concrete connector 3 is on the same plane as the central axis of the two concrete ballast tank structures 2 connected, and the vertical The upper and lower sides of the concrete connector 3 are respectively flush with the upper and lower surfaces of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 .

混凝土压载舱结构2、竖向混凝土连接件3和混凝土连接底板7的设置进一步提高了三个筒型基础1的整体性,有利于提高实际施工质量,使三个筒型基础之间相互作用产生群体效应,利用三个筒型基础之间的群体效应可避免三个筒型基础1间内力差异过大,从而减小了基础结构体系整体的不均匀沉降。The setting of the concrete ballast tank structure 2, the vertical concrete connector 3 and the concrete connecting bottom plate 7 further improves the integrity of the three cylindrical foundations 1, which is conducive to improving the actual construction quality, and makes the interaction between the three cylindrical foundations A group effect is generated, and the use of the group effect among the three cylindrical foundations can avoid excessive differences in internal force among the three cylindrical foundations, thereby reducing the uneven settlement of the entire foundation structure system.

(四)混凝土压载舱结构2和竖向混凝土连接件3养护完成并达到设计的强度要求后,在混凝土连接底板7上部支模、绑扎钢筋和浇筑混凝土,进行混凝土柱4和斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5的施工。(4) After the maintenance of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 and the vertical concrete connector 3 is completed and the strength requirements of the design are reached, formwork is set up on the upper part of the concrete connection bottom plate 7, steel bars are bound and concrete is poured, and the concrete column 4 and the oblique thin-slice type are carried out. Construction of variable cross-section concrete structure 5.

混凝土柱4为圆柱形混凝土结构,外径为5m,高度为20m,内部可配置钢筋。混凝土柱4设置在三个筒型基础1所构成三角形的内心位置处,其底部连接于混凝土连接底板7上表面,其外径范围为4~6m,高度范围为10~20m。The concrete column 4 is a cylindrical concrete structure with an outer diameter of 5m and a height of 20m, and steel bars can be arranged inside. The concrete column 4 is set at the center of the triangle formed by the three cylindrical foundations 1, and its bottom is connected to the upper surface of the concrete connecting bottom plate 7. Its outer diameter ranges from 4 to 6 m and its height ranges from 10 to 20 m.

三个斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5分别连接在每个混凝土压载舱结构2与混凝土柱4之间,且每个斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5与所连接的混凝土压载舱结构2的中心轴和混凝土柱4的中心轴在同一平面上。每两个相邻斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5之间的夹角为120度。斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5底部连接至混凝土连接底板7,其高度与混凝土柱4高度一致,高度为20m,厚度为0.5m~2m;斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5上部截面长度为2.5m,其截面长度由混凝土连接顶板6至混凝土压载舱结构2边缘(靠内侧)呈连续变化。Three oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structures 5 are respectively connected between each concrete ballast tank structure 2 and the concrete column 4, and each oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structure 5 is connected to the concrete ballast tank structure The central axis of 2 and the central axis of concrete column 4 are on the same plane. The angle between every two adjacent oblique thin-slice variable-section concrete structures 5 is 120 degrees. The bottom of the oblique thin-slice variable-section concrete structure 5 is connected to the concrete connecting bottom plate 7, and its height is the same as that of the concrete column 4, which is 20m in height and 0.5m to 2m in thickness; the upper section length of the oblique thin-slice variable-section concrete structure 5 is 2.5m, its cross-sectional length is continuously changing from the concrete connecting roof 6 to the edge of the concrete ballast tank structure 2 (inside).

混凝土柱4和三个斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5组合形成类似于异形柱的结构受力体系,可以有效地抵抗上部传递下来的较大弯矩,在筒型基础1处近似转化为拉力和压力,以发挥筒型基础最大的承载力和群体效应,这种结构形式节省材料,降低造价,具有很好的经济性。The combination of concrete column 4 and three oblique thin-slice variable-section concrete structures 5 forms a structural force system similar to special-shaped columns, which can effectively resist the large bending moment transmitted from the upper part, and approximately convert it into tensile force at the cylindrical foundation 1 and pressure to maximize the bearing capacity and group effect of the cylindrical foundation. This structure saves materials and reduces the cost, which is very economical.

(五)混凝土柱4和斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5养护完成并达到设计的强度要求后,在混凝土柱4和斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5顶部支模、绑扎钢筋和浇筑混凝土,进行混凝土连接顶板6的施工,完成后如图1和图2所示。(5) After the maintenance of the concrete column 4 and the oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structure 5 is completed and the strength requirements of the design are reached, formwork is placed on the top of the concrete column 4 and the oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structure 5, steel bars are bound and concrete is poured, Carry out the construction of the concrete connection roof 6, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 after completion.

混凝土连接顶板6为圆形混凝土板式结构,其直径为10m,厚度为0.5m。混凝土连接顶板6的直径为8~15m,厚度为0.5m~2m。混凝土连接顶板6设置在混凝土柱4和三个斜向薄片式变截面混凝土结构5顶端,用于通过法兰盘等连接结构与上部结构如海上风机塔筒、海洋平台等结构连接,并将上部结构传递下来的荷载和弯矩向下传递到混凝土支撑结构上,进而传递到三个筒型基础1上。The concrete connecting roof 6 is a circular concrete slab structure with a diameter of 10m and a thickness of 0.5m. The concrete connecting top plate 6 has a diameter of 8-15m and a thickness of 0.5m-2m. The concrete connecting top plate 6 is arranged on the top of the concrete column 4 and the three oblique thin-section variable-section concrete structures 5, and is used to connect the upper structure such as an offshore wind turbine tower and an offshore platform through a connecting structure such as a flange, and connect the upper part The load and bending moment transmitted by the structure are transmitted downward to the concrete support structure, and then transmitted to the three cylindrical foundations 1 .

(六)混凝土连接顶板6养护完成并达到设计强度要求后,在混凝土连接顶板6上部组装好塔筒和风机,形成三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机,如图3所示。(6) After the concrete connection roof 6 is cured and reaches the design strength requirements, the tower and fan are assembled on the top of the concrete connection roof 6 to form a wind turbine with three cylindrical foundations and concrete support structures, as shown in Figure 3.

(七)利用吊机或滑道将三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机移入水中,通过筒型基础1中空部分的空气,或者由管道接头连接吹气管向筒型基础1的中空部分注入高压气体而提供浮力,使三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机漂浮在水面上。(7) Use a crane or a slideway to move the three cylindrical foundations and the wind power generator with the concrete support structure into the water, pass the air in the hollow part of the cylindrical foundation 1, or connect the air blowing pipe to the hollow of the cylindrical foundation 1 through the pipe joint Partial injection of high-pressure gas provides buoyancy, so that the wind turbines with three cylindrical foundations and concrete support structures float on the water.

(八)利用拖轮将三个筒型基础与混凝土支撑结构的风电整机拖至指定施工地点,在拖航前在每个混凝土压载舱结构2上加临时盖板,防止水溅入而影响拖航稳性。(8) Use tugboats to tow the wind turbines with three cylindrical foundations and concrete support structures to the designated construction site, and add temporary covers to each concrete ballast tank structure 2 before towage to prevent water from splashing in and affecting Towing stability.

(九)通过管道接头抽掉筒型基础1中空部分的空气或放掉筒型基础1中空部分的高压气体,即放气下沉过程,使筒型基础1慢慢地逐渐下沉至泥面,然后通过管道接头连接抽水管抽出筒型基础1中的水体,借助水体的抽出实现筒内产生负压即负压下沉过程,使其下沉就位。(9) Take out the air in the hollow part of the cylindrical foundation 1 through the pipe joint or release the high-pressure gas in the hollow part of the cylindrical foundation 1, that is, the sinking process of deflation, so that the cylindrical foundation 1 slowly and gradually sinks to the mud surface , and then connect the suction pipe through the pipe joint to extract the water body in the cylindrical foundation 1, and realize the negative pressure in the cylinder through the extraction of the water body, that is, the negative pressure sinking process, so that it sinks in place.

下沉过程中当筒型基础1出现倾斜时,通过泵系统对各分舱室施加不同的舱内正压力进行调平。When the cylindrical foundation 1 tilts during the sinking process, the pump system applies different positive pressures in each sub-chamber for leveling.

(十)筒型基础1下沉就位后,对混凝土压载舱结构2内投放压载物,施工完毕。(10) After the cylindrical foundation 1 sinks into place, put ballast in the concrete ballast tank structure 2, and the construction is completed.

压载物可以是细砂、碎石或水泥砂浆。The ballast can be fine sand, gravel or cement mortar.

尽管上面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,并不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可以作出很多形式的具体变换,这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art Under the enlightenment of the present invention, without departing from the purpose of the present invention and the scope of protection of the claims, personnel can also make specific changes in many forms, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations and concrete support structure, it is characterised in that according to as follows Step is carried out:
(1) three bucket foundations of land fabrication, the bucket foundation is internally provided with subdivision room, and the bucket foundation top cover is set There is the preformed hole for pipe laying joint;
(2) the prefabricated completion of the bucket foundation and after checking that air-tightness meets design requirement, by three bucket foundations according to Its central point line constitutes a triangle and is arranged, and formwork, assembling reinforcement and is poured between three bucket foundations Concrete is built, the construction of the concrete connecting bottom board is carried out;
With the top surface of the bucket foundation at grade, it is arranged on described in three for the bottom surface of the concrete connecting bottom board Between bucket foundation and with the central point line of three bucket foundations be profile;
(3) after the concrete connecting bottom board conserves the intensity requirement for completing and reaching design, on each described bucket foundation Portion carries out the construction of concrete ballast cabin structure using its top board as bottom surface template, and each two concrete ballast cabin structure it Between carry out the construction of vertical concrete connector, three concrete ballast cabin structures and three vertical concrete connections Part is while formwork, assembling reinforcement and casting concrete;In the cylinder before pouring the concrete of the concrete ballast cabin structure Pipe laying joint in the preformed hole of type basis top cover, the pipe joint top stretches out in the concrete ballast cabin structure bottom Face, bottom stretch out in the bucket foundation top surface;
The concrete ballast cabin structure is the tubular structure of opening upwards, the central shaft of each concrete ballast cabin structure The central shaft of the connected bucket foundation is conllinear;
The vertical concrete connector is connected between concrete ballast cabin structure described in each two, and the vertical concrete connects Fitting is coplanar with the central shaft of two concrete ballast cabin structures being connected;
(4) the concrete ballast cabin structure and the vertical concrete connector maintenance is completed and reaches the intensity requirement of design Afterwards, in the concrete connecting bottom board top formwork, assembling reinforcement and casting concrete, concrete column and oblique sheet type are carried out The construction of variable cross-section concrete structure;
The concrete column is located at three triangle heart positions of the bucket foundation;
The oblique sheet type variable cross-section concrete structure is connected to the concrete column with each concrete ballast cabin knot Between structure, bottom extends to the concrete connecting bottom board, top and extends to concrete connection top board, and its cross-sectional length is by described It is in consecutive variations that concrete connects top board to the concrete ballast cabin structure edge;
(5) concrete column and the maintenance of oblique sheet type variable cross-section concrete structure is completed and reaches the intensity requirement of design Afterwards, formwork, assembling reinforcement and casting concrete at the top of the concrete column and oblique sheet type variable cross-section concrete structure, enter Row concrete connects the construction of top board;
(6) after the maintenance of concrete connection top board is completed and reaches design strength requirement, on concrete connection top board Portion assembles tower and blower fan, forms the whole machine of wind-powered electricity generation of three bucket foundations and concrete support structure;
(7) led in the whole machine immigration water of the wind-powered electricity generation of three bucket foundations and concrete support structure using loop wheel machine or slideway The air for crossing the bucket foundation hollow space provides buoyancy or connects gas blow pipe to the cartridge type base from the pipe joint Plinth hollow space injects gases at high pressure and provides buoyancy, makes the whole machine of wind-powered electricity generation of three bucket foundations and concrete support structure Swim on the water surface;
(8) the whole machine of wind-powered electricity generation of three bucket foundations and concrete support structure is dragged to specified job location using tugboat;
(9) air of the bucket foundation hollow space is taken out by the pipe joint or bleeds off the bucket foundation hollow bulb The gases at high pressure for dividing, make the bucket foundation gradually sink down into mud face, and then connecting drinking-water pipe by the pipe joint extracts out Water body in the bucket foundation, realizes that negative pressure sinks to making its in place;In sinking watching when inclining occurs in the bucket foundation, Applying normal pressure in different cabins to each subdivision room by pumping system carries out leveling;
(10) after the barrel-shaped foundation sinking is in place, to delivering ballast in the concrete ballast cabin structure, construction is finished.
2. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the bucket foundation is circle, its external diameter is 10~20m, is highly 4~6m.
3. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the clear distance between bucket foundation described in each two is 1~3 times of the bucket foundation external diameter.
4. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the concrete ballast cabin structure is circle, its external diameter is 10~20m, is highly 4~6m.
5. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the bucket foundation periphery sets the steel floor that upwardly extends and inserts the concrete ballast cabin structure.
6. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the pipe joint is evenly arranged in the concrete ballast cabin structure bottom surface, its a diameter of 5~200mm, number Measure is 10~100.
7. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the height of the vertical concrete connector is with the highly consistent and scope of the concrete ballast cabin structure 4~6m, thickness is 0.5m~1.5m;Tied with the concrete ballast cabin respectively on the both sides up and down of the vertical concrete connector The upper and lower surface of structure is flushed.
8. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the thickness of the concrete connecting bottom board and concrete connection top board is 0.5m~2m.
9. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the height of the concrete column is 10~20m.
10. the whole machine construction method of wind-powered electricity generation of a kind of three bucket foundations according to claim 1 and concrete support structure, Characterized in that, the oblique sheet type variable cross-section concrete structure includes 3~12, the concrete column is described mixed with each Solidifying soil pressure is connected with the 1-4 oblique sheet type variable cross-section concrete structure between carrying cabin structure;The oblique sheet type becomes The thickness of section concrete structure is 0.5m~2m.
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CN111183259A (en) * 2017-10-10 2020-05-19 Spt设备有限公司 Offshore wind energy plant foundation system
CN110004968A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-07-12 天津大学 An offshore wind turbine type foundation reinforcement method
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CN110397065A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-11-01 天津大学 A multi-tube jacket wind power foundation structure and its construction method
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CN113062349B (en) * 2021-05-11 2024-06-11 天津大学 Upper floating and auxiliary sinking structure of offshore wind power suction barrel foundation
CN114855864A (en) * 2022-04-02 2022-08-05 华能陇东能源有限责任公司 Prefabricated assembled wind-powered electricity generation basis

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