CN114634276A - Nitrogen and phosphorus removal integrated rural domestic sewage treatment system and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Nitrogen and phosphorus removal integrated rural domestic sewage treatment system and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114634276A CN114634276A CN202011523410.6A CN202011523410A CN114634276A CN 114634276 A CN114634276 A CN 114634276A CN 202011523410 A CN202011523410 A CN 202011523410A CN 114634276 A CN114634276 A CN 114634276A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a nitrogen and phosphorus removal integrated rural domestic sewage treatment system and a treatment method thereof. The sewage is subjected to deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal treatment by arranging an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a sedimentation tank, a first microbial factory tank, a second microbial factory tank, a biological filter tank and each reflux device in the tanks; biological fillers are filled in the tank, the combination of dominant microorganisms and suspended fillers is fully utilized, the number of microorganisms in the tank is increased, and organic matters are effectively degraded; the solidified beneficial enzyme bacterium beds are arranged in the first and second microorganism factory pools, so that microorganism attaching habitat is provided, dominant bacterium groups are enriched, the retention time of sewage is reduced, the organic matter removal efficiency is improved, and the sludge amount is greatly reduced; by adopting the autotrophic denitrification advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology, carbon sources do not need to be added, and fillers do not need to be replaced, so that the aim of removing total nitrogen and total phosphorus is fulfilled, the operation cost is reduced, the operation management is simple and convenient, the treated effluent has high quality, and the requirement of the existing higher discharge standard can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a nitrogen and phosphorus removal integrated rural domestic sewage treatment system and a treatment method thereof.
Background
Along with the comprehensive development of the ecological environment comprehensive improvement work in China, the treatment of domestic sewage in vast rural villages and towns is greatly developed. The traditional activated sludge process has good effect on sewage treatment and stable operation, but is easy to expand, the sludge growth has a certain limit, the phosphorus removal effect is difficult to improve, especially when the P/BOD value is high; the denitrification effect is difficult to further improve; the effluent of the traditional A/O process can only reach the first-grade B standard and is difficult to improve.
The biofilm method is a method in which microorganisms are attached to the surface of a carrier, and pollutants are decomposed by adsorption of organic nutrients, diffusion of oxygen into the biofilm, and biological oxidation occurring in the biofilm when sewage flows through the surface of the carrier. In the biofilm reactor, pollutants, dissolved oxygen and various necessary nutrients are firstly diffused to the surface of a biofilm through a liquid phase and then enter the biofilm; only the pollutants diffused to the surface or inside of the biological membrane can be decomposed and converted by the microorganisms of the biological membrane, and various metabolites (CO) are finally formed2Water, etc.) whose active organisms are difficult to control manually and thus have poor flexibility in operation; because the specific surface area of the carrier material is small, the volume load of the equipment is limited, and the space efficiency is low; but also requires more carrier packing and support structure and usually capital investment exceeds that of the activated sludge process. The treated effluent often contains large, sloughed-off biofilms, which reduces the clarity of the resulting water.
The two processes are both activated sludge processes, and have the problems that a system generates more excess sludge, so that the operation management of a large amount of activated sludge and excess sludge generated in the operation process of the activated sludge process and the biofilm process is complex, the sludge treatment cost is high, and the sludge direction is limited.
With the shortage of water resources and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the emission standard of the existing sewage treatment pollutants is improved and stricter. The first grade A standard of the urban sewage discharge standard can not meet the current environmental requirements. The governments in various places have successively set up quasi-four types of emission standards and even higher, and have more definite requirements on effluent total nitrogen. Therefore, the advanced treatment of total nitrogen and total phosphorus is the most important thing for upgrading and modifying the sewage treatment, and the most widely applied biological method and chemical method in the current sewage treatment method. Namely, a heterotrophic denitrification technology and a chemical phosphorus removal technology are adopted. The two technologies require relatively sufficient carbon sources and coagulant addition, and have the disadvantages of high running and management cost, difficulty in accurate control, high sludge yield and high disposal cost. In order to prevent water eutrophication, the concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the discharged water of sewage treatment needs to be strictly controlled, and a treatment technology and equipment which are advanced in process technology, easy to operate and manage, good in treatment effect, high in effluent quality and low in operation cost are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nitrogen and phosphorus removal integrated rural domestic sewage treatment system and a treatment method thereof, which fully utilize the high-efficiency organic matter removal capability of dominant microorganisms and the autotrophic denitrification technology to improve the effluent standard, do not need to add carbon sources, deeply remove total nitrogen, reduce energy consumption, facilitate management and reduce sludge generation. The method has the advantages that through the perfect combination of dominant microorganisms and the addition of a high-tech microorganism curing technology, the application capability of the method reaches more than ten years, no microorganism is added, the method is not afraid of loss and cannot be attenuated, and the removal rate is improved by more than ten times compared with the traditional process; in the actual treatment of various kinds of sewage, especially in the fields of rural integrated sewage treatment, breeding wastewater treatment and the like, the effects of denitrification, dephosphorization, total nitrogen removal and sludge reduction are more obvious. The treatment method has the advantages of simple process management, high efficiency, energy conservation, no excess sludge and high effluent standard.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a denitrification and dephosphorization integrated rural domestic sewage treatment system comprises an anaerobic tank, wherein a sludge tank is arranged underground on one side of the anaerobic tank, a regulating tank is arranged outside the sludge tank, and the regulating tank and the sludge tank are arranged underground; supernatant in the sludge tank flows back into the regulating tank through an overflow pipeline at the upper part in the sludge tank; a domestic sewage inlet pipeline is arranged on one side of the regulating tank, and a sewage lifting pump is arranged in the regulating tank to convey the domestic sewage into the anaerobic tank; the anaerobic tank is communicated with the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank, the sedimentation tank, the first microbial factory tank, the second microbial factory tank, the biological filter tank and the middle clean water tank in sequence through a water outlet tank and a water distribution tank on the tank wall and water passing ports arranged diagonally from top to bottom; a sludge return pipeline arranged in the sedimentation tank is communicated with the sludge tank; and a comprehensive equipment room is arranged on the other side of the middle clean water tank, and an air supply fan, a descaling system, a deep denitrification device and an ultraviolet sterilizer are arranged in the comprehensive equipment room.
Further, the air supply fan provides air sources for the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank, the first microbial factory tank, the second microbial factory tank and the biological filter tank through air supply pipelines; the descaling system provides a descaling agent through a descaling agent pipeline and injects the descaling agent into the aerobic tank; the middle clean water tank lifts the sewage into the deep denitrification device through a middle clean water tank lifting pump; and an ultraviolet sterilizer is arranged on one side of the deep denitrification device, and sewage subjected to deep denitrification and purification is sterilized and then discharged into peripheral rivers, ponds or recycled.
Furthermore, a denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria reflux device is arranged in the anoxic tank and is communicated with the anaerobic tank through a denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria reflux pipeline; a nitrifying liquid reflux device arranged in the aerobic tank is communicated with the anoxic tank through a nitrifying liquid reflux pipeline; the second microbial factory pool is internally provided with a dominant microbial community reflux device which is communicated with the anaerobic pool through a dominant microbial community reflux pipeline; and a sludge reflux device is arranged in the sedimentation tank and is communicated with the anaerobic tank through a sludge reflux pipeline.
Furthermore, suspended ball fillers are filled in the anaerobic tank and the anoxic tank; the suspension ball filler is polyethylene suspension ball filler; the aerobic tank is filled with suspended fillers; the suspended filler is polyethylene PPC suspended filler; the sedimentation tank is a vertical flow sedimentation tank, and the filler filled in the sedimentation tank is PP inclined plate filler; the immobilized beneficial enzyme bacterial beds are arranged in the first microbial factory pool and the second microbial factory pool; biological fillers are filled in the biological filter; the deep denitrifier is internally provided with autotrophic denitrification filler.
Furthermore, a guide pipe in the biological filter tank is communicated with the bottom in the biological filter tank; a bearing layer is arranged at the lower part in the biological filter, and a pebble layer and biological fillers are sequentially arranged on the bearing layer upwards; the biological filter is internally provided with a water backwashing device and an air backwashing device, and the air backwashing device provides an air source through an air supply pipeline.
Furthermore, the biological filler is a quartz sand filler layer, a ceramsite filler layer or a volcanic rock filler layer.
Furthermore, a water backwashing device and an air backwashing device are arranged in the deep denitrification device, and the air backwashing device provides an air source through an air supply pipeline; the water backwashing device comprises: a water backwashing water distribution pipe, a water backwashing water inlet and a backwashing water outlet; the gas back-flushing device comprises: an air distribution pipe and an air backflushing inlet; the bottom part in the deep denitrification device is sequentially provided with a water distribution pipe, a water backwashing water distribution pipe, a supporting layer, a gas distribution pipe, an autotrophic denitrification packing layer and a water collecting tank from bottom to top; a plurality of filter caps are arranged on the supporting layer; the autotrophic denitrification packing layer sequentially comprises from bottom to top: a pebble layer, a simple substance sulfur layer and a solidified beneficial enzyme bacteria layer; a manhole is arranged at the outer top of the deep denitrification device, and an inspection hole is arranged at one side of the lower part of the deep denitrification device; the other side outside the deep denitrification device is provided with a water inlet from bottom to top which is communicated with a water distribution pipe in the deep denitrification device, a water backwashing water inlet which is communicated with a water backwashing water distribution pipe in the deep denitrification device, and a gas backwashing inlet which is communicated with a gas distribution pipe in the deep denitrification device; the upper part of one outer side of the deep denitrification device is provided with a water outlet communicated with a water collecting tank in the deep denitrification device, and the outer side of the deep denitrification device below the water outlet is provided with a backwashing water outlet.
Furthermore, the autotrophic denitrification filling layer is also provided with a limestone layer and a ferric ore layer from bottom to top in sequence.
Further, the sedimentation tank comprises: a water inlet mixing zone, a sedimentation zone and a water outlet zone; the water inlet mixing area is an area formed between the side wall of the water inlet end and the guide plate; the water outlet area is an area formed between the scum baffle and the side wall of the water outlet end as well as a second water outlet groove arranged on the side wall of the water outlet end; the sedimentation area is an area formed by a guide plate, a scum baffle and the bottom of the sedimentation tank; the bottom of the sedimentation tank is provided with a sludge hopper which is double-funnel-shaped, and the middle of the sedimentation tank is provided with a communicating pipe; the sludge discharge device at the lower part of the sedimentation tank comprises a sludge discharge pipe and a sludge discharge valve and is communicated with the sludge discharge pipeline; the middle part of the settling zone is filled with an inclined plate filler; the sludge reflux device in the sedimentation tank is arranged in a sludge hopper close to the side wall of the water outlet end and is opposite to the pipe orifice of the communicating pipe.
The invention also provides a denitrification and dephosphorization integrated rural domestic sewage treatment method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) reflux treatment stage of anoxic denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria
Rural domestic sewage enters an underground adjusting tank through an underground inlet pipeline and then enters an anaerobic tank from a water inlet pipe through a sewage lifting pump, and an anaerobic tank timing stirring device in the anaerobic tank is supplied with air by an air supply fan to perform timing air stirring on the sewage in the tank; then sewage in the anaerobic tank enters the anoxic tank through the first water passing port, and the anoxic tank timing stirring device in the anaerobic tank performs timing gas stirring on the sewage in the tank; the sewage flows back into the anaerobic tank through a denitrification phosphorus accumulating bacteria backflow pipeline through a denitrification phosphorus accumulating bacteria backflow device, nitrate salt in the sewage is converted into nitrogen to escape from a water body, and phosphate is absorbed by denitrification phosphorus accumulating bacteria to form sludge and enters the aerobic tank along with primary treatment water;
(2) nitration liquid reflux treatment stage
The primary treatment water subjected to the reflux treatment of the anoxic denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria enters the aerobic tank through the second water passing hole; the micropore aeration device in the aerobic tank supplies air by an air supply fan, and performs aeration treatment on the sewage in the tank through an air supply pipeline; nitrifying liquid in the nitrifying liquid reflux device returns to the anoxic tank through the nitrification reflux pipe to perform anoxic denitrification; meanwhile, the phosphorus removing agent is added to the front of a first water outlet groove at the tail end of the aerobic tank through a phosphorus removing system and a phosphorus removing agent pipeline, and secondary treatment water formed by mixing the phosphorus removing agent with biochemical sewage enters a sedimentation tank;
(3) sludge return and dephosphorization precipitation treatment stage
The secondary treated water after the nitration liquid reflux treatment and the phosphorus removal agent addition enters a sedimentation tank through a third water outlet, and sewage reflux and sedimentation treatment are carried out in the sedimentation tank; sewage firstly enters a water inlet mixing zone for mixing, then enters a settling zone, and then moves upwards from the bottom through inclined plate packing, and most particulate matters in the sewage sink due to the action of gravity; the sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is collected to the bottom of the conical sludge hopper and discharged, and the sludge is discharged into a sludge tank under the ground through a sludge discharge pipeline by a sludge discharge device; meanwhile, the sludge is discharged through the mutual communication of the two conical sludge hoppers, so that the sludge accumulation in the equipment is reduced; the activated sludge on the upper part of the sludge hopper flows back to the anaerobic tank along a sludge return pipeline through a sludge return device to be mixed with sewage; finally, sewage flows out from the water outlet area to form tertiary treated water which enters a first microbial factory pool;
(4) reflux treatment stage of dominant microbial flora
The third treated water after the sludge backflow treatment enters a first microbial factory pool through a fourth water passing hole for high-efficiency microbial flora treatment, and then enters a second microbial factory pool through a fifth water passing hole for high-efficiency microbial flora treatment; the first and second micro-perforation aeration devices in the first and second microbial factory pools are supplied with air by an air supply fan to carry out aeration treatment on sewage in the pools; meanwhile, the sewage is subjected to biochemical reaction through a solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial bed to generate high-efficiency nitrifying bacteria; sewage containing efficient nitrifying bacteria in the lower part of the second microbial factory pool flows back into the anaerobic pool along the dominant microbial community pipeline through the dominant microbial community backflow device, and finally the sewage in the upper part enters the biological filter pool to form four times of treated water;
(5) high efficiency biological filter treatment stage
The four times of treated water subjected to the reflux treatment of the dominant microbial flora enters the bottom of the biological filter through a sixth water passing hole and a guide pipe; the gas backwashing device in the biological filter is supplied with gas by a gas supply fan, so that the backwashing force is increased; the sewage passes through a filter supporting layer, a filter pebble layer, a filter air distribution pipe and a filler layer from bottom to top, and the sewage is subjected to biochemical treatment through the biological oxidation degradation of a high-activity biological film on the surface of the filler and biological flocs among the fillers; the sewage enters the middle clean water tank through the seventh water outlet to form five times of treated water;
(6) autotrophic denitrification nitrogen and phosphorus removal stage
Temporarily storing the five times of treated water passing through the high-efficiency biological filter in a middle clear water tank, and lifting the treated water into a deep denitrifier through a middle tank lifting pump to perform autotrophic denitrification treatment; sewage enters the deep denitrifier through the water inlet, flows upwards through the pebble layer, the elemental sulfur layer, the solidified beneficial enzyme layer, the limestone layer and the iron ore layer of the denitrifier through the water distribution pipe, and is subjected to efficient autotrophic denitrification nitrogen and phosphorus removal reaction to form six times of treated water;
(7) ultraviolet ray sterilization treatment stage
The six times of treated water enters the ultraviolet sterilizer through the water outlet to be sterilized by ultraviolet rays, and purified water formed after sterilization is discharged into peripheral riverways, ponds or recycled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through setting up anaerobism pond, oxygen deficiency pond, good oxygen pond, sedimentation tank, first microorganism factory pond, second microorganism factory pond, biological filter, pack biofilm carrier in the pond, make full use of advantage microorganism and soft PPC suspended filler combination increase the pond and hold the microorganism quantity, further effectively degrade the organic matter.
2. By arranging the deep denitrification device and adopting the autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification technology, the carbon source does not need to be added, the filler does not need to be replaced, the purpose of removing the total nitrogen is achieved, the operating cost is reduced, and the operation management is simple and convenient.
3. Through arranging the first microorganism factory pool and the second microorganism factory pool and arranging the immobilized probiotic bed in the pools, an attaching habitat is provided for microorganisms and dominant flora is enriched, so that the retention time of sewage in a system is shortened, the removal efficiency of organic matters is enhanced, the generation of sludge is reduced, and the sludge reduction amount reaches 30-40%.
4. Through the denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria reflux device arranged in the anoxic tank, the mixed liquid in the anoxic tank flows back to the anaerobic tank, and an anaerobic/anoxic alternative operation environment is formed. The denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria release phosphorus in an anaerobic environment state, and absorb organic matters in sewage as carbon sources to be stored in the body, so that the aim of removing the organic matters is fulfilled. After the sewage which is subjected to anaerobic/anoxic repeated circulation mixing enters an anoxic environment, NO3 & lt- & gt is used as an electron acceptor, carbon source substances stored in a body are used as electron donors to finish denitrification and absorption of excess phosphorus, nitrate-state salts are converted into nitrogen to escape from a water body, and phosphates are excessively absorbed by denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria and are discharged out of the device in the form of sludge, so that the aims of denitrification and dephosphorization are fulfilled.
5. Through the nitrifying liquid reflux unit that sets up in the aerobic tank, the nitrate nitrogen that converts ammonia nitrogen through the aerobic tank is refluxed, carries out the denitrification under oxygen deficiency and anaerobic condition and can get rid of the nitrogen in the aquatic, and nitrate nitrogen reflux mainly supplements the nitrate nitrogen for denitrifying bacteria, reaches the purpose of getting rid of the ammonia nitrogen.
6. Be equipped with advantage microbial community reflux unit in the second microorganism factory pond, through advantage microbial community return line and anaerobism pond intercommunication, make advantage microorganism flow back to the anaerobism pond, increase anaerobism pond facultative mycorrhizal quantity, be favorable to the anaerobic treatment effect.
7. Through being equipped with mud reflux unit in the sedimentation tank, can improve the sludge concentration of system, the nitrate nitrogen in the mud that flows back simultaneously carries out the denitrification, can play the effect of further denitrogenation.
8. The sewage treatment method is formed by adopting an anoxic denitrification phosphorus accumulating bacteria reflux treatment stage, a nitrification liquid reflux treatment stage, a sludge reflux and phosphorus removal precipitation treatment stage, a dominant microbial flora reflux treatment stage, a high-efficiency active biological oxidation degradation treatment stage, an autotrophic denitrification nitrogen and phosphorus removal stage and an ultraviolet disinfection treatment stage, can greatly reduce the generation of sludge while removing nitrogen, phosphorus and total nitrogen, and has high treatment efficiency on the total nitrogen, the total nitrogen value after treatment is about 1mg/l, the equipment of the sewage treatment method has small floor area, compact and reasonable process arrangement, simple operation and maintenance, high water quality of the treated sewage, and partial indexes of the treated sewage are superior to national standards.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a settling tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a biofilter according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of a deep denitrification apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a biofilter according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a deep denitrification apparatus according to example 2 of the present invention;
in the figure: a regulating reservoir-100; a sewage lift pump-101; a sludge tank-200; a water inlet pipe 206; anaerobic tank-300; an anaerobic tank gas supply pipeline-303; a first overflow port 306; anaerobic tank timing stirring device-308; an anoxic tank-400; a denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria reflux device-401; a denitrification phosphorus accumulating bacteria reflux pipeline-402; an anoxic tank gas supply pipeline-403; a second water passing opening-406; a timed stirring device-408 for the anoxic tank; aerobic tank-500; nitrified liquid reflux unit-501; a nitrified liquid reflux pipeline-502; an air supply pipeline-503 of the aerobic tank; a first water outlet groove-505 and a third water outlet groove-506; micro-pore aeration device-508; a sedimentation tank-600; a sludge reflux unit-601; a sludge return line-602; a water distribution tank-603 and a second water outlet tank-605; a fourth water passing opening-606; a sludge discharge pipeline-607; a mud valve-6006; a water inlet mixing area-6100; a settling zone-6200; water outlet area-6300; water inlet end side wall-6001; a flow guide plate-6002; side wall-6003 of water outlet end; a scum baffle-604; sludge bucket-6004; connecting pipe-6005; a first microbial factory pond-700; a first microbial gas supply line-703; a first solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial bed-704; a fifth water gap-706; a first microperforation aeration device-708; a second microbial factory pond-800; a dominant microflora reflux device-801; a dominant microflora return line-802; a second microbial gas supply line-803; a second solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial bed-804; a third effluent tank-805; a sixth water passing opening-806; a second microperforation aeration device-808; biological filter-900; honeycomb duct-902, volcanic rock packing layer-9001; a pebble layer-9002 of the filter; air distribution pipe-9003 of the filter; the gas back flushing inlet-9004 of the filter chamber; inlet-9005 of filter tank water backflushing; quartz sand packing layer-9006; a ceramsite packing layer-9007; a filter supporting layer-907; a fourth effluent tank-905; a seventh water passing opening-906; an intermediate clean water tank-110; intermediate tank lift pump-111; an air supply fan-120; a descaling system-130 and a dephosphorization agent pipeline-132; a deep denitrifier-140; a denitrifier gas supply line-143; a water collection tank-1401; a filter cap-1402; denitrifier supporting layer-1403; gas backflush inlet-1404; water backwashing the water inlet-1405; a water inlet-1406; manhole-1407; a water outlet-1408; backwashing water outlet-1409; iron ore layer-1410; limestone layer-1411; immobilized probiotic layer-1412; an elemental sulfur layer 1413; a denitrifier pebble layer 1414; a gas distribution pipe-1415; a manhole-1416; water backwashing the water distribution pipe-1417; a water distribution pipe-1418; ultraviolet sterilizer-150; -160 of integrated plant rooms;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution: a denitrification and dephosphorization integrated rural domestic sewage treatment system comprises an anaerobic tank 300, wherein a sludge tank 200 is arranged underground on one side of the anaerobic tank 300, a regulating tank 100 is arranged outside the sludge tank 200, the regulating tank 100 and the sludge tank 200 are both arranged underground, so that sewage input and sludge cleaning can be facilitated, and the ground floor area is saved; in the sludge tank 200, the supernatant in the sludge tank can flow back to the regulating tank 100 through an upper overflow pipeline in the sludge tank 200; an inlet pipeline for domestic sewage is arranged on one side of the regulating tank 100, the domestic sewage enters the regulating tank 100 from the inlet pipeline through an underground pipe network, and then is input into the anaerobic tank 300 from the water inlet pipe 206 through the sewage lifting pump 101; the anaerobic tank 300 is adjacently constructed with the anoxic tank 400, the aerobic tank 500, the sedimentation tank 600, the first microorganism factory tank 700, the second microorganism factory tank 800, the biological filter tank 900 and the middle clean water tank 110 in sequence, and is communicated with the water outlet tank, the water distribution tank 603 and the water passing ports which are arranged opposite to the upper and lower opposite angles on the tank wall; the bottom of the sedimentation tank 600 is communicated with the underground sludge tank 200 through an underground sludge return pipeline 602; the other side of the middle clean water tank 110 is provided with an integrated equipment room 160, and an air supply fan 120, a descaling system 130, a deep denitrification device 140 and an ultraviolet sterilizer 150 are arranged in the integrated equipment room 160.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the water outlet groove, the water distribution groove 603 and the water passing openings oppositely arranged at the upper and lower opposite angles on the tank wall are arranged at specific positions: the first water passing hole between the anaerobic tank 300 and the anoxic tank 400 is arranged at the lower part of the adjacent side wall; the second water passing port 406 between the anoxic tank 400 and the aerobic tank 500 is arranged at the upper part of the adjacent side wall and is arranged diagonally to the first water passing port; a first water outlet groove 505 is arranged at the lower part of the inner side wall of the aerobic tank 500 close to the sedimentation tank 600 in parallel, a third water passing opening 506 is arranged at the adjacent side wall between one end of the first water outlet groove 505 and the sedimentation tank 600, and the third water passing opening is arranged at the opposite angle of the second water passing opening 406; a water distribution groove 603 is arranged on the side wall which is vertical to the first water outlet groove 505 and is arranged below the third water passing port 506 in the sedimentation tank 600, and a fourth water passing port 606 is arranged on the upper part of the adjacent side wall between the sedimentation tank 600 and the first microorganism factory pool 700 and is arranged diagonally to the third water passing port 506; a second water outlet groove 605 is arranged on the side wall which is vertical to the first water outlet groove 505 and is arranged below the fourth water passing port 606 in the sedimentation tank 600; a fifth water passing port is arranged at the lower part of the adjacent side wall between the first microbial factory pool 700 and the second microbial factory pool 800, and is diagonally arranged with the fourth water passing port 606; a sixth water passing port 806 is arranged on the upper part of the adjacent side wall between the second microbial factory pool 800 and the biological filter pool 900 and is arranged diagonally to the fifth water passing port, and a third water outlet groove 805 is arranged on the side wall in the same direction as the second water outlet groove 605 below the sixth water passing port 806 in the second microbial factory pool 800; a guide pipe 902 is arranged at a sixth water passing port 806 in the biological filter 900, a fourth water outlet groove 905 is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the biological filter 900 adjacent to the middle clean water tank 110, and a seventh water passing port 906 is arranged on the side wall of the fourth water outlet groove 905 adjacent to the middle clean water tank 110.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the air supply fan 120 provides air sources for the anaerobic tank 300, the anoxic tank 400, the aerobic tank 500, the first microbial factory tank 700, the second microbial factory tank 800, the biological filter 900 and the deep denitrification device 140 through air supply pipelines; the anaerobic tank 300 and the anoxic tank 400 are internally provided with pneumatic timing stirring devices which input gas through an anaerobic tank gas supply pipeline 303 and an anoxic tank gas supply pipeline 403 respectively to stir the gas; a micropore aeration device is arranged in the aerobic tank 500 to carry out aerobic aeration through an aerobic tank air supply pipeline 503; a first micro-perforation aeration device 708 and a second micro-perforation aeration device 808 are arranged in the first microorganism factory pool 700 and the second microorganism factory pool 800, aeration treatment is carried out through a first microorganism gas supply pipeline 703 and a second microorganism gas supply pipeline 803 respectively, and a water back-flushing device and a gas back-flushing device are arranged in the biological filter 900 and the deep denitrifier 140; the pneumatic backwashing device, the aeration device and the pneumatic timing stirring device share a gas source; the descaling system 130 provides a descaling agent through a descaling agent pipeline 132, and the descaling agent is thrown into the water outlet end of the aerobic tank 500 and mixed into the sedimentation tank 600; the middle clean water tank 110 is provided with a lift pump of the middle clean water tank 110 to input the sewage into the deep denitrification device 140 in the comprehensive equipment room 160; an ultraviolet sterilizer 150 is arranged on one side of the deep denitrification device 140 and communicated with the deep denitrification device through a pipeline, and the sewage after deep denitrification and purification is disinfected and then discharged into peripheral river channels, ponds or recycled.
As shown in fig. 2-3, a denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria reflux device 401 is arranged in the anoxic tank 400 and is communicated with the anaerobic tank 300 through a denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria reflux pipeline 402; the reflux amount of the denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria reflux device 401 is 30-50%; a nitrifying liquid reflux device 501 is arranged in the aerobic tank 500 and is communicated with the anoxic tank 400 through a nitrifying liquid reflux pipeline 502, and the reflux quantity is 200-350%; an advantageous microbial flora reflux device 801 is arranged in the second microbial factory pool 800 and is communicated with the anaerobic pool 300 through an advantageous microbial flora reflux pipeline 802, and the reflux amount is 10-20%; the sedimentation tank 600 is internally provided with a sludge return device 601 which is communicated with the anaerobic tank 300 through a sludge return pipeline 602, and the return flow is 50-100%.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the suspension ball filler filled in the anaerobic tank 300 is polyethylene suspension ball filler, the diameter of the suspension ball filler is 100mm, and the PPC filler and the volcanic rock filler are arranged in the suspension ball filler; the filling proportion of the suspension ball filler is 20-40% of the tank volume. The anaerobic tank 300 is filled with the suspension ball filler to fix anaerobic flora, so that the microbial concentration in the anaerobic tank 300 is improved, the anaerobic environment is improved, the conversion rate of VFA is enhanced, the denitrification rate at the rear end is greatly increased, the addition of an external carbon source in the denitrification process can be reduced particularly under the condition of low carbon-nitrogen ratio, the denitrification efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced; through the immobilization of the flora, the degradation efficiency of organic pollutants is greatly improved, the biochemical (nitrification) environment at the rear end is improved, and the CODcr of the final effluent is less than 30ppm and the NH3-N is less than 1.5 ppm. The suspension ball filler filled in the anoxic tank 400 is polyethylene suspension ball filler; the hydraulic retention time in the anoxic section is short, and the incoming water can provide sufficient carbon source after passing through the anaerobic section, and the denitrification rate is not related to the concentration of nitrate but only related to the quantity of denitrifying bacteria; the concentration of denitrifying bacteria is increased in the limited volume of the anoxic tank 400, and the suspension ball filler which is attached to the denitrifying bacteria and grows is added into the tank, so that the sludge age can be increased, the adaptability of the denitrifying bacteria to the quality of inlet water is enhanced, the optimized denitrification rate is almost improved by more than 1.5-2 times, the generation of activated sludge is reduced from the source, and the denitrification rate is further improved. The suspended filler filled in the aerobic tank 500 is polyethylene PPC suspended filler, and the filling proportion is 15-20% of the tank volume; the method is used for optimizing the biological structure in the sewage and increasing the number and abundance of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria; the activated sludge is generated by assimilation and metabolism of microorganisms, so that the organic matters are reduced by changing the metabolic pathway of the organisms and increasing the catabolism, particularly the effect of reducing ammonia nitrogen by the catabolism is achieved, and the sludge amount is reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, the sedimentation tank 600 is a vertical sedimentation tank, and the tank body is a long cubic structure and has a height of 3 m. The filler filled in the tank is PP sloping plate filler; the settling tank 600 includes: a water inlet mixing area 6100, a settling area 6200, a water outlet area 6300; the water inlet mixing region 6100 is a region formed between the water inlet end side wall 6001 and the flow guide plate 6002; the volume of the water inlet mixing area 6100 is 8 to 10 percent of the total volume of the cell body of the sedimentation cell 600; a water outlet hole with the aperture of 15-20mm is arranged on the side wall of the water distribution tank 603 in the water inlet mixing area 6100; the top of the flow guide plate 6002 is 200-300mm higher than the highest liquid level of the cell body of the sedimentation cell 600; the bottom of the flow guide plate 6002 is 200mm lower than the inclined plate filler; the settling area 6200 is an area formed by the guide plate 6002, the scum baffle 604 and the bottom of the settling tank 600; the bottom of the sedimentation tank 600 is provided with a sludge hopper 6004 which is double-funnel-shaped, and the conical sludge hopper 6004 can ensure that the settled sludge is easily concentrated at the bottom of the conical sludge hopper 6004 and discharged, thereby reducing dead angles of the settled sludge. Two conical sludge hoppers which are arranged in the same direction can be arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 600, so that the conical surfaces of the conical sludge hoppers in the space with the same size can be inclined, and sludge can be discharged easily. A communicating pipe 6005 is arranged between the two sludge hoppers 6004 to communicate the two conical sludge hoppers 6004 with each other; the diameter of the communicating pipe 6005 is larger than or equal to 100mm, so that sludge is easier to precipitate and discharge, and the generation of accumulated sludge is reduced. The middle part of the settling zone 6200 is filled with inclined plate packing; most particulate matters in the sewage sink due to the action of gravity, the sewage flows through the inclined plate filler to move upwards, the residual particulate matters further descend and precipitate, the precipitation effect of the precipitation tank 600 is further improved, and the concentration of suspended matters in the effluent of the precipitation tank 600 is reduced. The outlet region 6300 is the region formed between the scum baffle 604 and the outlet end side wall 6003 and the second outlet channel 605 disposed on the outlet end side wall 6003; the scum baffle 604 at the water outlet end is lower than the water outlet weir 300-500mm of the second water outlet tank 605, and the top of the scum baffle is higher than the highest liquid level of the sedimentation tank 600, so that possible floating mud on the liquid level can be prevented from flowing into the water outlet area 6300, and the final treatment effect of the sedimentation tank 600 is guaranteed; the lower part of the sedimentation tank 600 is provided with a sludge discharge device which comprises a sludge discharge pipe and a sludge discharge valve 6006 and is communicated with a sludge discharge pipeline 607; the sludge discharge valves 6006 are all electric valves and are used for discharging partial residual sludge in the conical sludge hopper 6004 in time; the sedimentation tank 600 is also provided with a sludge reflux device 601 which is arranged in a sludge hopper 6004 close to the side wall 6003 of the water outlet end and is opposite to the pipe orifice of the communicating pipe 6005.
The sewage enters the water distribution tank 603 from the third water in the sedimentation tank 600, then enters the water inlet mixing area 6100 through the holes of the water distribution tank 603, flows into the sedimentation area 6200 below the guide plate 6002, flows through the inclined plate filler of the sedimentation area 6200 from bottom to top, flows into the water outlet area 6300 through the lower end of the scum baffle 604, and finally is discharged through the fourth water outlet 606.
The first and second microorganism factory pools 700, 800 are provided with first and second immobilized beneficial enzyme beds (704, 804) of different specifications
One for each pool; the solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial bed generates high-efficiency mixotrophic nitrifying bacteria, and the high-efficiency mixotrophic nitrifying bacteria flow back into the anaerobic system, so that the number of target bacteria in the system is increased and optimized, and the organic matter removal effect is enhanced; the phosphate absorption efficiency and the phosphorus accumulation capacity of unit sludge are improved by increasing the number of phosphorus accumulation bacteria in unit activated sludge, so that the removal capacity of phosphorus elements in sewage is enhanced while the sludge is reduced; activating and releasing dominant strains by a microbial generator of the immobilized beneficial enzyme bacterial bed, continuously and stably providing high-concentration microbial flora for a long time, and continuously and effectively degrading organic pollutants; meanwhile, the effluent part flows back to the front end of the anaerobic tank 300, so that the biomass and the removal effect of the anaerobic tank 300 are increased; an advantageous microbial community reflux device 801 is arranged in the second microbial factory pool 800 and is communicated with the anaerobic pool 300 through an advantageous microbial community reflux pipeline 802; the ratio of the reflux amount of the reflux liquid of the dominant microbial flora to the amount of the sewage flowing in through the water outlet is 10-20%.
As shown in fig. 5, the biological filter 900 is provided with a quartz sand packing layer 9006, a ceramsite packing layer 9007, a filter pebble layer 9002 and a filter supporting layer 907 from top to bottom; a draft tube 902 is arranged in the biological filter 900 and extends downwards along the adjacent side wall of the second microorganism factory pool 800, one end of the draft tube is communicated with a sixth water passing port 806 at one side in the biological filter 900, and the other end of the draft tube is communicated with the bottom in the biological filter 900; the diameter of the pebble layer 9002 of the filter pool is 30-60mm of smooth cobbles, with a filling height of 0.3-0.5 m; the biological filter 900 is internally provided with an air and water backwashing device; the water backwashing device is provided with a filter water backwashing inlet 9005; the air backwashing device is provided with a filter air distribution pipe 9003 and a filter air backwashing inlet 9004; the strength of gas and water backwashing is as follows: the gas back-flushing amount is 40-50m3/m2D; the back washing amount of water is 15-20m3/m2D; the gas and water backwashing time is as follows: air washing for 3min, air-water cleaning for 5min, and water washing for 5 min.
The deep denitrifier 140 is internally provided with autotrophic denitrification filler; the autotrophic denitrification filler utilizes autotrophic microorganisms screened from nature, and CO retained in sewage2And carbonate is used as a carbon source, and denitrification is carried out by using low-valence sulfur salt as an electron donor under an anoxic environment to reduce nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen, so that the population is stable, and the denitrification speed is high. The deep denitrifier 140 is internally provided with a high-efficiency autotrophic denitrifying bacteria system (carrier immobilization technology), the hydraulic retention time is only 1h, no additional carbon source is needed, the operation cost is only 0.05 yuan/t, the reaction is thorough, the total nitrogen removal efficiency can reach 98 percent, the system is high-efficiency, and the denitrification is thorough.
As shown in fig. 6, the bottom of the deep denitrification device 140 is provided with a water distribution pipe 1418, a water backwashing water distribution pipe 1417, a denitrification device supporting layer 1403, a gas distribution pipe 1415, an autotrophic denitrification packing layer and a water collection tank 1410 from bottom to top in sequence; a plurality of filter caps 1402 are arranged on the denitrifier supporting layer 1403; the autotrophic denitrification packing layer sequentially comprises from bottom to top: a denitrifier pebble layer 1414, an elemental sulfur layer 1413 and a solidified beneficial enzyme bacteria layer 1412; the pebble layer 1414 of the denitrifier is a smooth cobble with the diameter of 50-100mm, and the filling height is 0.3-0.5 m; the elemental sulfur layer 1413 is filled with elemental sulfur filler, the particle size of the elemental sulfur filler is 5-8mm, and the filling height is 1.5-2.0 m; the solidified beneficial enzyme bacterium layer 1412 is a solidified beneficial enzyme bacterium group with embedded dominant microbial flora, and the filling volume is 0.1-0.2m3(ii) a The outer top of the deep denitrifier 140 is provided with a manhole 1407, and one side of the lower part is provided with an inspection hole 1416; the other side of the outside of the deep denitrification device 140 is provided with a water inlet 1406 from bottom to top which is communicated with a water distribution pipe 1418 in the deep denitrification device 140 and is back flushed by waterThe water inlet 1405 is communicated with a water backwashing water distribution pipe 1417 in the deep denitrification device 140, and the gas backwashing inlet 1404 is communicated with a gas distribution pipe 1415 in the deep denitrification device 140; the upper part of one side of the outer side of the deep denitrification device 140 is provided with a water outlet 1408 which is communicated with a water collecting tank 1410 in the deep denitrification device 140, and the outer side of the deep denitrification device 140 below the water outlet 1408 is provided with a backwashing water outlet 1409.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, this embodiment 2 is the same as the anaerobic tank 300, the anoxic tank 400, the aerobic tank 500, the sedimentation tank 600, the first microbial factory tank 700, the second microbial factory tank 800, the middle clean water tank 110, the air supply fan 120, and the descaling system 130 of embodiment 1, except that:
as shown in fig. 7, the biological filter 900 is not provided with a quartz sand packing layer 9006 and a ceramsite packing layer 9007, but is provided with a volcanic packing layer 9001 on a pebble layer 9002 of the filter, wherein the particle size of the volcanic packing is 5-8mm, and the packing height is 1.5-2.0 m; a high-activity biological film grows on the surface of the volcanic rock filler; when sewage flows through, the sewage is biochemically treated by utilizing the biological oxidation degradation of the high-activity biological film on the surface of the filler and the biological flocs between the fillers; because the filler has smaller particle size and is in a compacted state, the filler can adsorb and intercept suspended matters in sewage and also comprises a fallen biological film under the adsorption action of biological flocs between the biological film and the filler. The treatment effect is better, the effluent quality is good, the water quality standard of reuse water can be achieved, and impact load resistance, low temperature resistance and full-automatic control can be realized.
As shown in fig. 8, the autotrophic denitrification filler layer of the deep denitrification reactor 140 is further provided with a limestone layer 1411 and an iron ore layer 1410 in sequence from bottom to top; the particle size of the limestone layer 1411 is 3-6mm, and the filling height is 0.3-0.5 m; an iron ore layer 1410 with a particle size of 3-6mm and a filling height of 0.3-0.5 m; in the autotrophic denitrification of the embodiment 2, reducing substances such as hydrogen, elemental sulfur, sulfide, iron or iron ions, ammonia nitrogen, etc. are used as electron donors. Most nitrifying bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, etc., and only a few denitrifying bacteria are autotrophic bacteria such as Thiobacillus denitrificans. Thiobacillus denitrificans is an obligate inorganic energy autotrophic bacterium and obtains energy in the process of oxidizing sulfides. Under aerobic conditions, thiobacillus denitrificans takes oxygen as an electron acceptor to reduce sulfide to obtain energy. Under anaerobic conditions, however, Thiobacillus denitrificans oxidizes sulfides with the oxygen in nitrates. The adding proportion of the microorganism solidifying beneficial enzyme bacteria, the elemental sulfur, the limestone and the iron ore in the deep denitrifier 140 is 0.01: 7: 2: 1.99; denitrogenation in an autotrophic denitrification system has the advantages of high denitrogenation rate and good effect. Simultaneously: dissolving limestone by the generated hydrogen ions to remove a certain amount of total phosphorus, and consuming a certain amount of ammonia nitrogen by self assimilation; limestone provides an inorganic carbon source for autotrophic bacteria thiobacillus denitrificans by compensating the alkalinity required in the reaction process; after the autotrophic denitrification system is doped with the iron simple substance, the effect of strengthening phosphorus removal can be achieved. After the iron simple substance is added into the autotrophic denitrification system, the denitrification effect is promoted, and the conversion process from nitrate nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen can be enhanced. The autotrophic denitrification technology of the embodiment is a relatively low-energy-consumption and high-efficiency removal technology. The autotrophic denitrification has the advantages that: the targeting property is high, and the denitrification efficiency is high for ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen; no extra carbon source is needed to be added, so that the operation cost is greatly reduced; low valence sulfur is added as an electron acceptor, and can be repeatedly utilized; almost no sludge is generated, and the sludge treatment cost is reduced; the deep denitrification device has small volume and saves occupied land; the content of the sulfate of the effluent is about 100mg/L and is lower than the national specified value of 250 mg/L.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, a method for treating rural domestic sewage by integrating denitrification and dephosphorization comprises the following steps: the method comprises a reflux treatment stage of anoxic denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria, a reflux treatment stage of nitrifying liquid, a reflux treatment stage of sludge and phosphorus removal precipitation, a reflux treatment stage of dominant microbial flora, a high-efficiency active biological oxidation degradation treatment stage, an autotrophic denitrification nitrogen and phosphorus removal stage and an ultraviolet disinfection treatment stage.
The treatment method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) reflux treatment stage of anoxic denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria
Rural domestic sewage enters the underground adjusting tank 100 through an underground sewage inlet pipeline and then enters the anaerobic tank 300 from a water inlet pipe through the sewage lifting pump 101, the anaerobic tank timing stirring device 308 in the anaerobic tank 300 is supplied with air 120 by the air supply fan, and the sewage in the tank is subjected to timing gas stirring through the air supply pipeline; then, sewage in the anaerobic tank enters the anoxic tank through a first water inlet 306, and a timed stirring device 408 of the anoxic tank therein performs timed gas stirring on the sewage in the tank; the sewage is made to flow back into the anaerobic tank 300 through a denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria backflow pipeline 402 by a denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria backflow device 401, so that the sewage is in an anaerobic and anoxic alternative environment, denitrification and absorption of excess phosphorus are simultaneously completed by denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria, nitrate salt is converted into nitrogen to escape from a water body, and phosphate is excessively absorbed by the denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria to form sludge, and the sludge enters the aerobic tank 500 along with primary treated water.
(2) Nitration liquid reflux treatment stage
The primary treated water after the reflux treatment of the anoxic denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria enters the aerobic tank 500 through the second water passing port 406; the micropore aeration device in the aerobic tank 500 is supplied with air by an air supply fan 120, and the sewage in the tank is aerated through an air supply pipeline; the nitrifying liquid in the nitrifying liquid reflux device 501 returns to the anoxic tank 400 through the nitrification reflux pipe to perform anoxic denitrification, so that nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen to be removed, and the denitrification effect is ensured; meanwhile, the phosphorus removal agent of polyaluminium chloride or ferric chloride is added to the front of the first water outlet groove 505 at the tail end of the aerobic tank 500 through a phosphorus removal system and a phosphorus removal agent pipeline 132, the adding amount of the phosphorus removal agent is 20-50PPM, and finally secondary treatment water formed by mixing the phosphorus removal agent with biochemical sewage enters the sedimentation tank 600.
(3) Sludge return and dephosphorization precipitation treatment stage
The secondary treated water after the nitrification liquid reflux treatment and the phosphorus removal agent addition enters the sedimentation tank 600 through the third water passing port 506, and the sewage reflux and sedimentation treatment is carried out in the sedimentation tank 600; sewage firstly enters a water inlet mixing region 6100 to be mixed, then enters a sedimentation region 6200, and then obliquely moves from the bottom to the upper part from the side wall 6001 at the water inlet end to the side wall 6003 at the water outlet end through the inclined plate filler, most particles in the sewage sink due to the action of gravity, the sewage flowing through the inclined plate filler layer moves upwards, the residual particles further descend and precipitate, and the concentration of suspended matters in the outlet water of the sedimentation tank 600 is reduced; the scum baffle 604 prevents floating mud possibly existing on the liquid surface from flowing into the water outlet area 6300, so that the final treatment effect of the sedimentation tank 600 is guaranteed; sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 600 is collected to the bottom of the conical sludge hopper 6004 to be discharged, and the sludge is discharged into the underground sludge tank 200 through a sludge discharge pipeline 607 by a sludge discharge device, so that dead corners of the deposited sludge are reduced; meanwhile, the sludge circulates through the two communicated conical sludge hoppers 6004, so that the precipitated sludge is easier to discharge, and the sludge accumulation in the equipment is reduced; the activated sludge on the sludge hopper 6004 returns to the anaerobic tank 300 along a sludge return pipeline 602 through a sludge return device 601 to be mixed with sewage for treatment, so as to reduce the generation of sludge; finally, the wastewater flows into effluent area 6300 to form tertiary treated water that enters first microbial factory pool 700.
(4) Reflux treatment stage of dominant microbial flora
The third treated water after the sludge backflow treatment enters the first microbial factory pool 700 through the fourth water passing port 606 for efficient microbial flora treatment, and then enters the second microbial factory pool 800 through the fifth water passing port for efficient microbial flora treatment; a first micro-perforation aeration device 708 and a second micro-perforation aeration device 808 which are arranged in the first microbial factory pool 700 and the second microbial factory pool 800 are supplied with air by an air supply fan 120 to carry out aeration treatment on sewage in the pools; meanwhile, sewage in the first microbial factory pool 700 and the second microbial factory pool 800 carry out biochemical reaction through the first and second immobilized probiotic beds (704, 804) to generate high-efficiency nitrifying bacteria; the sewage containing the efficient nitrifying bacteria in the lower part of the second microorganism factory pool 800 flows back into the anaerobic pool 300 along the dominant microorganism bacteria pipeline through the dominant microorganism bacteria reflux device 801, and the sewage in the upper part enters the biological filter 900 to form four times of treated water.
(5) High efficiency biofilter treatment stage
The four times of treated water subjected to the reflux treatment of the dominant microbial flora enters the bottom of the biological filter 900 through the sixth water passing port 806 and the guide pipe 902; the air supply fan 120 supplies air to the air backwashing device in the biological filter 900 to increase the backwashing force; the sewage passes through a filter supporting layer 907, a filter pebble layer 9002, a filter gas distribution pipe 9003 and a filler layer from bottom to top, and when flowing through a high-activity biological film on the surface of the filler, the biological oxidation degradation of the high-activity biological film on the surface of the filler and biological flocs between the fillers is utilized to carry out biochemical treatment on the sewage, and under the adsorption action of the biological oxidation degradation, the filler can adsorb and intercept most suspended matters in the sewage; the sewage enters the intermediate clean water tank 110 through the seventh water passing port 906, and five times of treated water is formed.
(6) Autotrophic denitrification nitrogen and phosphorus removal stage
The five times of treated water passing through the high-efficiency biological filter 900 are temporarily stored in the middle clean water tank 110, and the middle clean water tank 110 provides sufficient water source for the deep denitrification device 140 and the backwashing device; the sewage enters the deep denitrification device 140 through the middle tank lift pump 111 to be subjected to autotrophic denitrification treatment; the sewage enters the deep denitrifier 140 through the water inlet 1406, and flows upwards through the pebble layer 1414 of the denitrifier, the elemental sulfur layer 1413, the solidified beneficial enzyme bacteria layer 1412, the limestone layer 1411 and the iron ore layer 1410 through the water distribution pipe to perform high-efficiency autotrophic denitrification dephosphorization reaction, so as to further remove the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus in the sewage; six times of treated water was formed.
(7) Ultraviolet ray sterilization treatment stage
The six times of treated water enters the ultraviolet sterilizer 150 through a pipeline for ultraviolet sterilization, and purified water formed after sterilization is discharged into peripheral riverways, ponds or for recycling.
In order to understand the beneficial effects of the invention, the invention also provides the following comparative examples:
comparative example 1: the denitrification phosphorus accumulating bacteria reflux device 401 and the reflux pipeline thereof, the nitrification liquid reflux device 501 and the reflux pipeline thereof, the sludge reflux device 601 and the reflux pipeline thereof, and the dominant microbial community reflux device 801 and the reflux pipeline thereof in the embodiment 1 are not arranged.
Comparative example 1 in the sewage treatment system, an anaerobic tank 300, an anoxic tank 400, an aerobic tank 500, a sedimentation tank 600, a first microbial factory tank 700, a second microbial factory tank 800, a biological filter 900, an intermediate clean water tank 110, a deep denitrification device 140, and an ultraviolet ray sterilizer 150 are sequentially communicated.
The sewage treatment method comprises the following steps: the domestic sewage is lifted to flow through the anaerobic tank 300, the anoxic tank 400, the aerobic tank 500, the sedimentation tank 600, the first microbial factory tank 700, the second microbial factory tank 800 and the biological filter 900 in sequence for biochemical treatment, so that organic matters in the sewage are removed; the effluent of the filter enters an intermediate clean water tank 110 and is lifted to enter an autotrophic denitrification advanced nitrogen removal device 140, TN and TP in the sewage are further removed, and the effluent is disinfected by an ultraviolet disinfection device and then recycled or discharged.
Comparative example 2: the unit of the deep denitrification unit 140 in the embodiment 1 is not provided.
Comparative example 2 in the sewage treatment system, an anaerobic tank 300, an anoxic tank 400, an aerobic tank 500, a sedimentation tank 600, a first microbial factory tank 700, a second microbial factory tank 800, a biological filter tank 900, an intermediate clean water tank 110, and an ultraviolet sterilizer 150 are sequentially communicated.
The sewage treatment method comprises the following steps: domestic sewage is lifted to sequentially flow through an anaerobic tank 300, an anoxic tank 400, an aerobic tank 500, a sedimentation tank 600, a first microbial factory tank 700, a second microbial factory tank 800 and a biological filter 900 for biochemical treatment, and organic matters in the sewage are removed; the effluent of the filter enters a clean water tank, and the effluent is recycled or discharged after being sterilized by an ultraviolet sterilizer 150.
Through comparison between the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 and the two examples of the invention, sewage with the same water source is adopted, and various indexes of effluent of the comparative example and the examples are respectively detected according to national standards, wherein the specific parameters are as follows:
according to the analysis of the actual operation data in the table, the treated effluent conditions of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 show that the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 have obviously better treatment effect than the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2; and the treatment effect of example 2 is superior to that of example 1.
It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments and that various changes in form and details may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A rural domestic sewage treatment system of nitrogen and phosphorus removal integration which characterized in that: the system comprises an anaerobic tank (300), wherein a sludge tank (200) is arranged underground on one side of the anaerobic tank (300), a regulating tank (100) is arranged outside the sludge tank (200), and the regulating tank (100) and the sludge tank (200) are arranged underground; supernatant in the sludge tank flows back to the regulating tank (100) through an upper overflow pipeline in the sludge tank (200); a domestic sewage inlet pipeline is arranged on one side of the regulating tank (100), and a sewage lifting pump 101 is arranged in the regulating tank (100) and is used for inputting the domestic sewage into the anaerobic tank (300); the anaerobic tank (300) is sequentially communicated with the anoxic tank (400), the aerobic tank (500), the sedimentation tank (600), the first microbial factory tank (700), the second microbial factory tank (800), the biological filter (900) and the middle clean water tank (110) through a water outlet groove and a water distribution groove on the tank wall and water passing ports arranged diagonally from top to bottom; a sludge return pipeline (607) arranged in the sedimentation tank (600) is communicated with the sludge tank (200); and a comprehensive equipment room 160 is arranged at the other side of the middle clean water tank (110), and an air supply fan (120), a descaling system (130), a deep denitrification device (140) and an ultraviolet sterilizer (150) are arranged in the comprehensive equipment room 160.
2. The rural domestic sewage treatment system integrating nitrogen and phosphorus removal of claim 1, wherein: the air supply fan (120) provides air sources for the anaerobic tank (300), the anoxic tank (400), the aerobic tank (500), the first microbial factory tank (700), the second microbial factory tank (800) and the biological filter tank (900) through air supply pipelines; the descaling system (130) provides descaling agents to be injected into the aerobic tank (500) through a descaling agent pipeline (132); the middle clean water tank (110) lifts the sewage into the deep denitrification device (140) through a middle clean water tank lifting pump (111); and an ultraviolet sterilizer (150) is arranged on one side of the deep denitrification device (140) and discharges the sewage subjected to deep denitrification and purification into peripheral riverways, ponds or for recycling after disinfection.
3. The rural domestic sewage treatment system integrating nitrogen and phosphorus removal of claim 2, wherein: a denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria reflux device (401) is arranged in the anoxic tank (400) and is communicated with the anaerobic tank (300) through a denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria reflux pipeline (402); a nitrifying liquid reflux device (501) is arranged in the aerobic tank (500) and is communicated with the anoxic tank (400) through a nitrifying liquid reflux pipeline (502); a dominant microbial flora reflux device (801) is arranged in the second microbial factory pool (800) and is communicated with the anaerobic pool (300) through a dominant microbial flora reflux pipeline (802); a sludge reflux device (601) is arranged in the sedimentation tank (600) and is communicated with the anaerobic tank (300) through a sludge reflux pipeline (602).
4. The rural domestic sewage treatment system of claim 3 with integrated nitrogen and phosphorus removal, wherein: the anaerobic tank (300) and the anoxic tank (400) are filled with suspension ball fillers; the aerobic tank (500) is filled with suspended fillers; the sedimentation tank (600) is a vertical sedimentation tank, and inclined plate packing is filled in the tank; a first solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial bed (704) and a second solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial bed (804) are respectively arranged in the first microbial factory pool (700) and the second microbial factory pool (800); biological fillers are filled in the biological filter (900); the deep denitrifier (140) is internally provided with autotrophic denitrification filler.
5. The rural domestic sewage treatment system of claim 4 with integrated nitrogen and phosphorus removal, wherein: a draft tube (902) in the biological filter (900) is communicated to the bottom in the biological filter (900); a filter supporting layer (907) is arranged at the lower part in the biological filter (900), and a filter pebble layer (9002) and biological fillers are sequentially arranged on the filter supporting layer (907) upwards; a water backwashing device and an air backwashing device are arranged in the biological filter (900), and the air backwashing device provides an air source through an air supply fan (120).
6. The rural domestic sewage treatment system of claim 5 with integrated nitrogen and phosphorus removal, wherein: the biological filler is a quartz sand filler layer (9006), a ceramsite filler layer (9007) or a volcanic rock filler layer (9001).
7. The rural domestic sewage treatment system of claim 4 with integrated nitrogen and phosphorus removal, wherein: a water backwashing device and a gas backwashing device are arranged in the deep denitrification device (140), and the gas backwashing device provides a gas source through a gas supply fan (120); the water backwashing device comprises: a water backwashing water distributor (1417), a water backwashing water inlet (1405) and a backwashing water outlet (1409); the gas back-flushing device comprises: a gas distribution pipe (1415) and a gas backflush inlet (1404); a water distribution pipe (1418), a water backwashing water distribution pipe (1417), a denitrifier supporting layer (1403), a gas distribution pipe (1415), an autotrophic denitrification packing layer and a water collection tank (1401) are sequentially arranged at the bottom in the deep denitrifier from bottom to top; a plurality of filter caps (1402) are arranged on the denitrifier supporting layer (1403); the autotrophic denitrification packing layer sequentially comprises from bottom to top: a denitrifier pebble layer (1414), an elemental sulfur layer (1413) and a solidified beneficial enzyme bacteria layer (1412); a manhole (1407) is arranged at the outer top of the deep denitrification device (140), and an inspection hole (1416) is arranged at one side of the lower part of the deep denitrification device; the other side outside the deep denitrification device is provided with a water inlet (1406) from bottom to top and is communicated with a water distribution pipe (1418) in the deep denitrification device; the water backwashing water inlet (1405) is communicated with a water backwashing water distribution pipe (1417) in the deep denitrification device (140); the gas backflushing inlet (1404) is communicated with a gas distribution pipe (1415) in the deep denitrifier (140); the upper part of one side of the outer side of the deep denitrification device (140) is provided with a water outlet (1408) which is communicated with a water collecting tank (1401) in the deep denitrification device (140), and the outer side of the deep denitrification device below the water outlet (1408) is provided with a backwashing water outlet (1409).
8. The rural domestic sewage treatment system of claim 7 with integrated nitrogen and phosphorus removal functions, wherein: the autotrophic denitrification filling layer is also sequentially provided with a limestone layer (1411) and an iron ore layer (1410) from bottom to top.
9. The rural domestic sewage treatment system of claim 4 with integrated nitrogen and phosphorus removal, wherein: the sedimentation tank (600) comprises: a water inlet mixing area (6100), a sedimentation area (6200) and a water outlet area (6300); the water inlet mixing area (6100) is an area formed between the side wall (6001) of the water inlet end and the flow guide plate (6002); the water outlet area (6300) is an area formed between the scum baffle (604) and the side wall (6003) at the water outlet end and a second water outlet groove (605) arranged on the side wall (6003) at the water outlet end; the sedimentation area (6200) is an area formed by the guide plate (6002), the scum baffle (604) and the bottom of the sedimentation tank (600); the bottom of the sedimentation tank (600) is provided with a sludge hopper (6004) which is in a double-funnel shape, and the middle of the sedimentation tank is provided with a communicating pipe (6005); the sludge discharge device at the lower part of the sedimentation tank (600) comprises a sludge discharge pipe and a sludge discharge valve (6006) which are communicated with a sludge discharge pipeline (607); the middle part of the settling zone (6200) is filled with inclined plate packing; the sludge reflux device (601) in the sedimentation tank (600) is arranged in a sludge hopper (6004) close to the side wall (6003) of the water outlet end and is opposite to the pipe orifice of the communicating pipe (6005).
10. A denitrification and dephosphorization integrated rural domestic sewage treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) reflux treatment stage of anoxic denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria
Rural domestic sewage enters an underground adjusting tank (100) through an underground inlet pipeline, then enters an anaerobic tank (300) from a water inlet pipe (206) through a sewage lifting pump (101), and an anaerobic tank timing stirring device (308) in the anaerobic tank (300) is supplied with air (120) by an air supply fan to perform timing air stirring on the sewage; then, sewage in the anaerobic tank enters the anoxic tank through a first water passing port (306), and a timed stirring device (408) of the anoxic tank inside stirs the sewage in the tank by gas at a fixed time; the sewage is returned to the anaerobic tank (300) through a denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria return pipe (402) by the denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria return device (401), nitrate salt in the sewage is converted into nitrogen to escape from a water body, and phosphate is absorbed by denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria to form sludge and enters the aerobic tank (400) along with primary treatment water;
(2) nitration liquid reflux treatment stage
The primary treated water after the reflux treatment of the anoxic denitrification phosphorus-accumulating bacteria enters the aerobic tank (500) through a second water outlet; the micropore aeration device (508) in the aerobic tank (500) is supplied with air by the air supply fan (120), and the sewage in the tank is aerated through the air supply pipeline; nitrifying liquid in the nitrifying liquid reflux device (501) returns to the anoxic tank (400) through a nitrifying reflux pipeline (502) to perform anoxic denitrification; meanwhile, the phosphorus removing agent is added to the front of a first water outlet groove (505) at the tail end of the aerobic tank (600) through a phosphorus removing system (130) and a phosphorus removing agent pipeline (132), and secondary treatment water formed by mixing with biochemical sewage enters a sedimentation tank (600);
(3) sludge return and dephosphorization precipitation treatment stage
The secondary treatment water after the nitration liquid reflux treatment and the phosphorus removal medicament addition enters a sedimentation tank (600) through a third water outlet, and sewage reflux and sedimentation treatment are carried out in the sedimentation tank (600); the sewage firstly enters a water inlet mixing area (6100) for mixing, then enters a sedimentation area (6200), and then moves upwards from the bottom through an inclined plate filler, and most particles in the sewage are sunk under the action of gravity; sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank (600) is collected to the bottom of the conical sludge hopper (6004) and discharged, and the sludge is discharged into the underground sludge tank (200) through a sludge discharge pipeline (607) by a sludge discharge device; meanwhile, the sludge is discharged through the mutual communication of two conical sludge hoppers (6004); activated sludge on the upper part of the sludge hopper (6004) returns to the anaerobic pool (300) along a sludge return pipeline (602) through a sludge return device (601) to be mixed with sewage for treatment; finally, sewage flows out from a water outlet area (6300) to form three times of treated water, and the three times of treated water enters a first microbial factory pool (700);
(4) reflux treatment stage of dominant microbial flora
The three times of treated water after the sludge backflow treatment enters a first microbial factory pool (700) through a fourth water passing port for high-efficiency microbial flora treatment, and then enters a second microbial factory pool (800) through a fifth water passing port (706) for high-efficiency microbial flora treatment; the first micro-perforation aeration device (708) and the second micro-perforation aeration device (808) are supplied with air by an air supply fan (120) to carry out aeration treatment on the sewage in the tank; meanwhile, the sewage is subjected to biochemical reaction through a first solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial bed (704) and a second solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial bed (804) in the tank to generate a high-efficiency nitrifying bacteria group; sewage containing efficient nitrifying bacteria in the lower part of the second microbial factory pool (800) flows back to the anaerobic pool (300) along the dominant microbial community pipeline (802) through the dominant microbial community backflow device (801), and finally sewage in the upper part enters the biological filter (900) to form four times of treated water;
(5) high efficiency biological filter treatment stage
The four times of treated water subjected to the reflux treatment of the dominant microbial flora enters the bottom of the biological filter (900) through a sixth water passing port (806) and a guide pipe (802); the air supply fan (120) supplies air to the air backwashing device in the biological filter (900) so that sewage passes through the filter bearing layer (907), the filter pebble layer (9002), the filter water distribution pipe (9003) and the packing layer from bottom to top to carry out biochemical treatment on the sewage; the sewage enters the intermediate clean water tank (110) through a seventh water passing port (906) to form five times of treated water;
(6) autotrophic denitrification nitrogen and phosphorus removal stage
The five times of treated water passing through the high-efficiency biological filter (900) is temporarily stored in a middle clean water tank (110) and is lifted into a deep denitrification device (140) through a middle tank lifting pump (111) to carry out autotrophic denitrification treatment; sewage enters the deep denitrification device (140) through the water inlet (1406), flows upwards through the pebble layer (1414) of the denitrification device, the elemental sulfur layer (1413), the solidified beneficial enzyme bacterial layer (1412), the limestone layer (1411) and the iron ore layer (1410) through the water distribution pipe (1418) to carry out high-efficiency autotrophic denitrification nitrogen and phosphorus removal reaction, and six times of treated water are formed;
(7) ultraviolet ray sterilization treatment stage
The six times of treated water enters the ultraviolet sterilizer (150) through the water outlet (1408) for ultraviolet sterilization, and purified water formed after sterilization is discharged into peripheral riverways, ponds or for recycling.
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