CN114632618B - Treatment method for curing fine tailings - Google Patents
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- CN114632618B CN114632618B CN202210180801.5A CN202210180801A CN114632618B CN 114632618 B CN114632618 B CN 114632618B CN 202210180801 A CN202210180801 A CN 202210180801A CN 114632618 B CN114632618 B CN 114632618B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229960004050 aminobenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides a treatment method for curing fine tailings, which comprises the following steps: adding 230-280g/t flocculant into the mature fine tailings raw material to perform sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculant contains at least one of polyacrylamide, para-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide; (2) dispersing: shearing the sediment to obtain an expanded dispersion; (3) aggregation: immediately adding 160-200g/t water-soluble copolymer into the expansion dispersion after shearing, carrying out wheel grinding for 3-4 times each time, and standing to obtain an aggregate; the water-soluble copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of lignin and acrylamide; (4) reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting, performing high-pressure steam reaction, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated cured fine tailings. By adopting the treatment method, the bleeding performance of the cured fine tailings is excellent, the 1h can reach more than 36%, and the concentration of the obtained concentrated cured fine tailings can reach more than 78.5%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tailing treatment, in particular to a treatment method for curing fine tailings.
Background
Tailings are industrial solid waste left after mineral separation processing because of low taste of mined ores, and are usually piled up in a surface tailing pond near the ores. During the stockpiling process, the process water in the tailings, with the presence of unrecovered hydrocarbons, and the ore forms a distinct layer upon natural settling, the upper layer being predominantly water and the lower layer being predominantly fines, the layer being typically referred to as mature fine tailings, with the residual hydrocarbons and minerals after natural settling.
With the improvement of technology and speed of developing lean ore resources, the fine grain degree of ore grinding becomes finer, and as tailings contain a large amount of clay minerals, the tailings are also non-Newtonian fluid, and continuous dehydration treatment is difficult; meanwhile, the sedimentation rate of the tailings is slower, dry beaches are not easy to form, and the potential safety hazard of the tailings pond is greatly increased due to the fact that the mature fine tailings are like colloidal substances of fluid. Because the stacking volume of the cured fine tailings is larger, the curing capacity and the water bleeding capacity of the cured fine tailings are poorer, the water bleeding capacity of the cured fine tailings needs to be improved, efficient dehydration and concentration are carried out, high-concentration discharge is achieved, and the method has important significance for realizing the stability of the tailings pond dam body.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to propose a treatment method for maturing fine tailings, solving the above-mentioned problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a process for treating mature fine tailings comprising the steps of:
(1) Sedimentation: adding a flocculating agent into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculant contains polyacrylamide, para-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide, and the addition amount of the flocculant is 230-280g/t;
(2) Dispersing: shearing the sediment for 50-60min at 1500-2700r/min, wherein the shearing can uniformly disperse the sediment in the cured fine tailings raw material and promote the sediment to form an expansion effect, so as to obtain an expansion dispersion;
(3) Aggregation: immediately adding water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing, carrying out wheel milling for 15-20min each time, carrying out wheel milling for 3-4 times, standing, wherein the wheel milling is beneficial to promoting the aggregation of the expanded dispersion after standing, and obtaining the aggregate after standing; the water-soluble copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of lignin and acrylamide, and the addition amount of the water-soluble copolymer is 160-200g/t;
(4) The reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 60-70 ℃ for 4-8h, performing high-pressure steam reaction at 1.5-1.8MPa and 150-160 ℃ for 1-2h, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated cured fine tailings.
Further illustratively, the water-soluble copolymer is prepared by: soaking lignin in 80-90deg.C water for 30-50min, adding acrylamide, ultrasonic mixing, adding initiator, initiating copolymerization reaction by gamma ray radiation, adding absolute ethanol after reaction, stirring to precipitate, filtering, and oven drying to obtain water-soluble copolymer; the amide group belongs to a hydrophilic functional group, the lignin and the acrylamide undergo copolymerization reaction, dibenzoyl peroxide is used as an initiator, and gamma ray radiation is adopted to carry out composite modification, so that the hydroxyl of the lignin is easier to generate a hydration effect, the hydration capability of the copolymer can be improved, and meanwhile, the formed new chemical bond and chemical structure enable the copolymer to have a pore structure and improve the surface roughness, thereby being beneficial to aggregation reaction with particles.
Further, 10-13 parts of lignin, 7-9 parts of acrylamide, 2-3 parts of an initiator and 32-38 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
Preferably, the lignin is 11 parts, the acrylamide is 8 parts, the initiator is 2 parts and the absolute ethanol is 35 parts by weight.
Preferably, the initiator is dibenzoyl peroxide.
Further illustratively, in step (1), the flocculant is added at 260g/t.
Further illustratively, in step (2), the sediment is sheared for 55 minutes at 2100 r/min.
Further, in the step (3), the water-soluble copolymer is added in an amount of 180g/t.
Further, in the step (4), hot air is introduced to react for 6 hours at 65 ℃, and then high-pressure steam reaction is carried out to react for 1.5 hours at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through sequentially setting and adopting flocculating agent sedimentation, shearing dispersion, water-soluble copolymer aggregation and twice thermal reaction, overall regulating and controlling the conditions of dispersion shearing and twice thermal reaction, and optimizing the addition amount of the flocculating agent and the water-soluble copolymer, the bleeding performance of the treated raw material for 1h can reach more than 36%, and the concentration of the obtained concentrated cured fine tailings reaches more than 78.5%; the invention utilizes the synergistic effect of the flocculating agent and the water-soluble copolymer in sequence, is favorable for generating repulsive force among particles, ensures that free water in fine particles can be rapidly separated out, can improve and improve the bleeding performance of cured fine tailings, and simultaneously, effectively avoids forming a stable structure of multiple particles, copolymer molecules and flocculation molecules by controlling the addition of the flocculating agent and the water-soluble copolymer, also avoids the water separated out by wrapping a flocculation structure, and ensures the dewatering and concentrating efficiency; the sedimentation, dispersion, aggregation and secondary thermal reaction conditions are mild and controllable, the addition amount of the flocculant and the water-soluble copolymer is small, and the treatment method for the cured fine tailings is environment-friendly and safe.
In addition, the invention adopts lignin and acrylamide to carry out copolymerization reaction, and dibenzoyl peroxide is used as an initiator, so that the hydration capacity and the porous structure of the copolymer can be improved, the surface roughness of the copolymer can be increased, a foundation is laid for improving the bleeding capacity of the cured fine tailings, and the removal of water in the subsequent thermal reaction is facilitated.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the following provides specific examples to further illustrate the present invention.
The experimental methods used in the embodiment of the invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents, and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A process for treating mature fine tailings comprising the steps of:
(1) Sedimentation: adding flocculant 280g/t into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculant is polyacrylamide;
(2) Dispersing: shearing the sediment for 50min at 2700r/min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) Aggregation: immediately adding 200g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing, carrying out wheel milling for 15-20min each time, carrying out wheel milling for 3-4 times, and standing to obtain an aggregate;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: 13g of lignin, 9g of acrylamide, 3g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 38g of absolute ethyl alcohol are taken according to the weight, 80 ℃ water is added into the lignin for soaking for 50min, acrylamide is added, ultrasonic mixing is carried out, the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide is added, gamma ray radiation is adopted for initiating copolymerization reaction, absolute ethyl alcohol is added after the reaction, and the mixture is stirred until precipitation is obtained, filtered and dried, thus obtaining the water-soluble copolymer;
(4) The reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 60 ℃ for 8 hours, then performing high-pressure steam reaction, reacting at 1.8MPa and 160 ℃ for 1 hour, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain the concentrated cured fine tailings.
Example 2
A process for treating mature fine tailings comprising the steps of:
(1) Sedimentation: adding a flocculating agent 230g/t into a mature fine tailing raw material pump for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculant is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 1 and p-aminobenzoic acid;
(2) Dispersing: shearing the sediment for 60min at 1500r/min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) Aggregation: immediately adding 160g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing, carrying out wheel milling for 15min each time, carrying out wheel milling for 4 times, and standing to obtain an aggregate;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: 13g of lignin, 9g of acrylamide, 3g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 38g of absolute ethyl alcohol are taken according to the weight, 80 ℃ water is added into the lignin for soaking for 50min, acrylamide is added, ultrasonic mixing is carried out, the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide is added, gamma ray radiation is adopted for initiating copolymerization reaction, absolute ethyl alcohol is added after the reaction, and the mixture is stirred until precipitation is obtained, filtered and dried, thus obtaining the water-soluble copolymer;
(4) The reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting for 4 hours at 70 ℃, then performing high-pressure steam reaction, reacting for 2 hours at 1.5MPa and 150 ℃, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain the concentrated cured fine tailings.
Example 3
A process for treating mature fine tailings comprising the steps of:
(1) Sedimentation: adding a flocculating agent 260g/t into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculant is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 1:1, polyacrylamide, p-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide;
(2) Dispersing: shearing the sediment for 55min at 2100r/min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) Aggregation: immediately adding 180g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing, carrying out wheel milling for 18min each time, carrying out wheel milling for 4 times, and standing to obtain an aggregate;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: 13g of lignin, 9g of acrylamide, 3g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 38g of absolute ethyl alcohol are taken according to the weight, 80 ℃ water is added into the lignin for soaking for 50min, acrylamide is added, ultrasonic mixing is carried out, the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide is added, gamma ray radiation is adopted for initiating copolymerization reaction, absolute ethyl alcohol is added after the reaction, and the mixture is stirred until precipitation is obtained, filtered and dried, thus obtaining the water-soluble copolymer;
(4) The reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting for 6 hours at 65 ℃, then performing high-pressure steam reaction, reacting for 1.5 hours at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated cured fine tailings.
Example 4
A process for treating mature fine tailings comprising the steps of:
(1) Sedimentation: adding a flocculating agent 260g/t into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculant is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 1:1, polyacrylamide, p-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide;
(2) Dispersing: shearing the sediment for 55min at 2100r/min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) Aggregation: immediately adding 180g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing, carrying out wheel milling for 18min each time, carrying out wheel milling for 4 times, and standing to obtain an aggregate;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: taking, by weight, 11g of lignin, 8g of acrylamide, 2g of dibenzoyl peroxide serving as an initiator and 35g of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding 90 ℃ water into the lignin, soaking for 40min, adding the acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding dibenzoyl peroxide serving as an initiator, initiating copolymerization reaction by gamma ray radiation, adding the absolute ethyl alcohol after the reaction, stirring until precipitation is achieved, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-soluble copolymer;
(4) The reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting for 6 hours at 65 ℃, then performing high-pressure steam reaction, reacting for 1.5 hours at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated cured fine tailings.
Comparative example 1
A treatment method for mature fine tailings according to example 4, which is different in the sequence of steps, comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Aggregation: adding 180g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the cured fine tailings raw material, carrying out wheel grinding for 18min each time, carrying out wheel grinding for 4 times, and standing to obtain an aggregate;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: taking, by weight, 11g of lignin, 8g of acrylamide, 2g of dibenzoyl peroxide serving as an initiator and 35g of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding 90 ℃ water into the lignin, soaking for 40min, adding the acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding dibenzoyl peroxide serving as an initiator, initiating copolymerization reaction by gamma ray radiation, adding the absolute ethyl alcohol after the reaction, stirring until precipitation is achieved, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-soluble copolymer;
(2) Dispersing: shearing the aggregate for 55min at 2100r/min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) Sedimentation: adding a flocculating agent 260g/t into the expanded dispersion for sedimentation treatment to obtain a sediment; the flocculant is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 1:1, polyacrylamide, p-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide;
(4) The reaction: stirring the sediment, introducing hot air, reacting for 6 hours at 65 ℃, then performing high-pressure steam reaction, reacting for 1.5 hours at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain the concentrated and cured fine tailings.
Comparative example 2
A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to example 4, which differs in that the water-soluble copolymer uses starch to replace lignin, the specific steps being:
taking, by weight, 11g of starch, 8g of acrylamide, 2g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 35g of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding 90 ℃ water into lignin, soaking for 40min, adding acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide, initiating copolymerization reaction by gamma ray radiation, adding the absolute ethyl alcohol after the reaction, stirring until precipitation is obtained, filtering, and drying to obtain the water-soluble copolymer.
Comparative example 3
A treatment method for maturing fine tailings according to example 4 is different in that the water-soluble copolymer of step (3) is added in an amount of 300g/t.
Comparative example 4
A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to example 4, which is distinguished in that step (4) is subjected to a low pressure high temperature reaction, the following steps: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting for 6 hours at 65 ℃, then reacting for 1.5 hours at 0.2MPa and 120 ℃, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated cured fine tailings.
And (3) adopting a bleeding rate evaluation treatment method to bleed the cured fine tailings, selecting the aggregate/sediment obtained in the step (3) as a research object, adding the concentrated cured fine tailings into a glass container, vibrating to enable the surface to be smooth and sealed, taking out the secreted water after placing for 1h and 3h respectively, measuring the weight, and calculating the formula: bleeding rate = M/M x 100%, where M is the weight of the water (g) that is secreted, M is the weight of the concentrated mature fine tailings (g), the raw mature fine tailings before treatment is used as a reference, and after dewatering and concentrating by a thickener, the concentrated concentration of the concentrated mature fine tailings is as shown in the following table, and the initial concentration of the mature fine tailings raw material is 42%.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the table, the aggregate obtained by the treatment in the examples 1-4 has excellent bleeding performance, the bleeding time can reach more than 36%, the concentration of the obtained concentrated cured fine tailings can reach more than 78.5% after the dense dehydration treatment, and the invention is shown that the flocculating agent and the water-soluble copolymer are adopted to cooperate with each other in sequence, and the steps of flocculating agent sedimentation, shearing dispersion, water-soluble copolymer aggregation and twice thermal reaction are adopted in sequence, so that the conditions of dispersion shearing and twice thermal reaction are regulated and controlled comprehensively, the bleeding performance of the cured fine tailings can be improved and improved, free water in fine particles can be quickly separated out, and the efficiency of dehydration concentration is ensured; the sedimentation, dispersion, aggregation and secondary thermal reaction conditions are mild and controllable, the addition amount of the flocculant and the water-soluble copolymer is small, and the treatment method for the cured fine tailings is environment-friendly and safe.
Example 4 has lower bleeding rate and concentration than comparative example 1, which shows that flocculant is added for sedimentation, and water-soluble copolymer is added for rolling by dispersion expansion effect, so that repulsive force is generated among particles, and a large amount of free water in the cured fine tailings is released rapidly, so that concentration of concentrated products is improved.
Example 4 the concentration of comparative example 2 was lower than that of comparative example 2, repulsive force was generated between particles of the mature fine tailings, and in the process of promoting rapid release of moisture, but the released moisture was wrapped by a web structure formed by the added flocculant and water-soluble copolymer, thereby affecting the concentration, and the water-soluble copolymer formed by lignin had a porous and rough structure, which was advantageous in opening channels for removal of moisture in the subsequent thermal reaction.
Compared with comparative example 3, the embodiment 4 has the advantages that although the addition amount of the water-soluble copolymer is improved to play a role of quickly separating moisture in a short time, the particle surfaces of the cured fine tailings are covered with the high molecular weight copolymer, and the excessive water-soluble copolymer and the flocculating agent are compounded to form a stable structure of multiple particle-copolymer molecules-flocculating molecules, which is not beneficial to dehydration concentration.
In example 4, compared with comparative example 4, the high-pressure steam step is provided, which is helpful to break the water molecular film formed by excessive high molecular weight substances, thereby reducing the molecular network structure formed by the water molecular film and improving the dehydration concentration efficiency.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A process for the treatment of mature fine tailings, comprising the steps of:
(1) Sedimentation: adding a flocculating agent into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculant contains at least one of polyacrylamide, para-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide, and the addition amount of the flocculant is 230-280g/t;
(2) Dispersing: shearing the sediment for 50-60min at 1500-2700r/min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) Aggregation: immediately adding water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing, carrying out wheel milling for 15-20min each time, carrying out wheel milling for 3-4 times, and standing to obtain an aggregate; the water-soluble copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of lignin and acrylamide, and the addition amount of the water-soluble copolymer is 160-200g/t;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: soaking lignin in 80-90deg.C water for 30-50min, adding acrylamide, ultrasonic mixing, adding initiator, initiating copolymerization reaction by gamma ray radiation, adding absolute ethanol after reaction, stirring to precipitate, filtering, and oven drying to obtain water-soluble copolymer; the initiator is dibenzoyl peroxide;
(4) The reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 60-70deg.C for 4-8h, performing high pressure steam reaction at 1.5-1.8MPa and 150-160deg.C for 1-2h, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated cured fine tailings.
2. A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to claim 1, wherein the lignin is 10-13 parts, acrylamide is 7-9 parts, initiator is 2-3 parts and absolute ethanol is 32-38 parts by weight.
3. A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that the lignin 11 parts, acrylamide 8 parts, initiator 2 parts and absolute ethanol 35 parts by weight.
4. A treatment process for mature fine tailings according to claim 1, wherein in step (1) the flocculant is added in an amount of 260g/t.
5. A treatment process for mature fine tailings according to claim 1, wherein in step (2) the sediment is sheared for 55min at 2100 r/min.
6. A treatment process for mature fine tailings according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the water-soluble copolymer is added in an amount of 180g/t.
7. The process for the treatment of mature fine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (4), after the hot air is introduced and reacted at 65 ℃ for 6h, a high pressure steam reaction is carried out, 1.7MPa and 155 ℃ for 1.5h.
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