CN116675454A - High-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116675454A CN116675454A CN202310546899.6A CN202310546899A CN116675454A CN 116675454 A CN116675454 A CN 116675454A CN 202310546899 A CN202310546899 A CN 202310546899A CN 116675454 A CN116675454 A CN 116675454A
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- red mud
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- molybdenum slag
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of solid waste treatment, wherein the high-strength ceramsite is prepared by mixing bayer process red mud, molybdenum slag, bauxite, spodumene and polyaluminium mixed industrial starch, fewer raw materials are needed, and the main materials are industrial solid waste bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag, are easy to obtain and are beneficial to recycling of the solid waste, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce Fe in the red mud and the molybdenum slag by a reduction magnetic separation method 2 O 3 The content avoids the strength reduction, and the Si/Al ratio is improved by roasting, activating and adding clay powder to obtain uniform and compactThe composite geopolymer of the alumina-mullite-zirconia composite material reduces the expansion of raw material reaction, improves the strength of the ceramic particles, and bauxite, red mud and molybdenum slag form mullite phases and a small amount of corundum phases at high temperature, so that the ceramic particles have higher strength, spodumene is used as a fluxing agent, mullite can be formed at a lower temperature to increase the strength of a blank body, and the sintering temperature and the sintering period are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The red mud is solid waste residue discharged in the production process of alumina, belongs to strong alkaline harmful waste residue, contains various harmful substances, and in the long-term stacking process, a large amount of alkali liquor and harmful substances can infiltrate into nearby lands to cause soil alkalization, surface water and underground water can be polluted, the red mud is mainly stacked and covered with soil or filled with sea, the method is not environment-friendly and unsafe at present, molybdenum ore processing is a resource-dependent industry, the yield of flotation tailings is huge, and a large amount of stacking also has great damage to ecological environment and surrounding vegetation coverage, and serious potential safety hazards such as seepage, tailing reservoir dam break and the like exist. The red mud and the molybdenum slag are used for preparing the ceramsite, so that the pollution and the cost can be reduced, the ceramsite is used as a light aggregate, the light aggregate concrete can be prepared by replacing common sand and stone, and the ceramsite has wide application in the departments of building, environmental protection, metallurgy, chemical industry, petroleum, agriculture and the like, and the red mud and the molybdenum slag Fe 2 O 3 The content is higher, solid phase reaction is easy to generate low-melting point compound, and the higher content of calcium leads to a narrower sintering temperature range, which is very unfavorable for the control in actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is prepared by mixing industrial solid waste Bayer process red mud, molybdenum slag, bauxite, spodumene and polyaluminium mixed industrial starch, has fewer raw materials, adopts industrial solid waste Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag as main materials, is easy to obtain, is beneficial to recycling the red mud and the molybdenum slag, reduces environmental pollution, and reduces Fe in the red mud and the molybdenum slag by a reduction magnetic separation method 2 O 3 The content of the alumina powder is avoided from being reduced, the Si/Al ratio is improved by roasting, activating and adding clay powder, so that a uniform and compact composite geopolymer is obtained, the expansion of raw material reaction is reduced, the strength of the ceramsite is improved, bauxite, red mud and molybdenum slag form mullite phases and a small amount of corundum phases at high temperature, the ceramsite has higher strength, spodumene is used as a fluxing agent, mullite can be formed at a lower temperature to increase the strength of a blank body, and the sintering temperature and the sintering period are reduced.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-60 parts of industrial solid waste, 20-30 parts of bauxite, 4-8 parts of spodumene, 0.8-1 part of polyaluminum and 1-2 parts of industrial starch.
Further, al in bauxite raw material 2 O 3 The content is 85-90%.
Further, li in spodumene 2 The O content is more than or equal to 7 percent.
Further, the industrial solid waste is Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag according to the mass ratio of 3:1, the average chemical composition of the two is shown in the following table:
| Al 2 O 3 | SiO 2 | Fe 2 O 3 | CaO | Na 2 O | others | |
| Bayer process red mud | 17.45％ | 15.94％ | 23.55％ | 14.15％ | 4.17％ | 24.74％ |
| Molybdenum slag | 5.22％ | 38％ | 20.21％ | 29.45％ | 2.3％ | 4.82％ |
Further, the Bayer process red mud and the molybdenum slag are pretreated through the following steps:
s1, mixing Bayer process red mud, molybdenum slag, activated carbon and CaCO 3 Fully mixing, placing into a corundum crucible, closing with a cover, placing the corundum crucible into a muffle furnace for reduction roasting, roasting for 2 hours after the temperature reaches 1150 ℃, and carrying out water quenching and rapid cooling after the roasting is finishedThen vacuum drying is carried out, then wet rod milling is carried out on the dried sample for 10min, then magnetic separation is carried out by a magnetic roller, the field intensity current of a magnetic field is set to be 1.5A, and the sample after magnetic separation is collected to obtain an intermediate 1; red mud, molybdenum slag, activated carbon and CaCO 3 The ratio of the dosage is 7.5g:2.5g:2g:0.5g:0.5g;
fe in the red mud and molybdenum slag is reduced by a reduction magnetic separation method 2 O 3 The content is as follows;
s2, fully mixing the intermediate 1 with NaOH particles, placing the mixture into a corundum crucible, closing the corundum crucible by a cover, placing the corundum crucible into a muffle furnace for reduction roasting, roasting for 1h after reaching 800 ℃, naturally cooling, grinding, and sieving with a 300-mesh sieve to obtain an intermediate 2; the ratio of the amount of intermediate 1 to NaOH was 10g:1g;
the original mineral structure in the red mud and the molybdenum slag can be destroyed by adding NaOH into the red mud and the molybdenum slag and then roasting, so that the polymerization degree of aluminosilicate is reduced and the red mud and the molybdenum slag are activated;
s3, mixing the intermediate 2 with the ground clay powder, adding water glass solution, adding water to adjust the water-cement ratio, and stirring for 5min by using a stirrer to obtain pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag; the ratio of the dosage of the intermediate 2, the clay powder and the water glass solution is 10g:1.6g:4g;
intermediate 2 and clay powder are used as solid aluminosilicate raw materials, water glass solution is used as an exciting agent, dissolved aluminosilicate is diffused from the surface of solid particles to the gaps of the particles to form gel phase, and the gel phase undergoes a polymerization reaction between alkali silicate solution and aluminum silicon element to obtain pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag.
SiO in red mud 2 The content is low, al 2 O 3 The content of molybdenum slag is relatively high, the Si/Al ratio can be regulated by mixing the molybdenum slag and the mullite slag, more mullite phases and corundum phases are formed in the ceramsite preparation process, so that a framework supporting effect is achieved, and Fe in red mud and molybdenum slag is reduced by an S1 reduction magnetic separation method 2 O 3 Content, avoiding Al in the ceramsite preparation process 2 O 3 And SiO 2 Will be with Fe 2 O 3 Generating a solid phase reaction to generate a low-melting-point compound, thereby reducing the ceramicGrain strength is also reduced by Fe 2 O 3 O formation under high temperature conditions 2 The ceramic particles are expanded, and the structural strength is reduced.
The Al in the red mud and the molybdenum slag can be improved by S2 roasting activation 2 O 3 、SiO 2 The dissolution capacity of the ceramic particles is improved, the clay powder is added to improve the Si/Al ratio, and then the uniform and compact composite geopolymer is obtained through water glass excitation, so that a network structure can be formed in the ceramic particle sintering process, the expansion of raw material reaction is reduced, and the ceramic particle strength is improved.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste, which comprises the following steps of;
firstly, carrying out light burning treatment on bauxite and spodumene, and respectively crushing the bauxite and the spodumene after light burning;
secondly, preparing bauxite, spodumene, polymeric aluminum and industrial starch into a mixture, and putting the mixture into a ball mill for wet grinding for 20 hours to obtain slurry;
thirdly, adding pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag into the wet-grinding slurry material in the last step, uniformly mixing, pouring into a drying tower for drying, scattering the dried powder, and then transferring into a granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished product granules;
and fourthly, sending the semi-finished product granules into a rotary kiln, and firing for 2 hours at the temperature of 1300-1380 ℃ in the kiln to obtain the high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid wastes.
Bauxite, red mud and molybdenum slag at 1300-1380deg.C, wherein Al 2 O 3 And SiO 2 The reaction is carried out to form a mullite phase and a small amount of corundum phase, thereby playing a role of framework support and enabling the ceramsite to have higher strength.
Spodumene is added in the formula, so that the spodumene can be used as a fluxing agent and also can be used as an important component for generating low-thermal expansion crystals, and the lattice structure of the spodumene can absorb SiO released by phase change of red mud and molybdenum slag 2 The solid solution is beneficial to forming mullite at a lower temperature so as to increase the strength of the blank body and reduce the sintering temperature and the sintering period.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is prepared by mixing industrial solid waste Bayer process red mud, molybdenum slag, bauxite, spodumene and polyaluminium mixed industrial starch, has fewer raw materials, adopts industrial solid waste Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag as main materials, is easy to obtain, is beneficial to recycling the red mud and the molybdenum slag, reduces environmental pollution, and reduces Fe in the red mud and the molybdenum slag by a reduction magnetic separation method 2 O 3 The content and the strength are prevented from being reduced, and the Al in the red mud and the molybdenum slag can be improved through roasting and activating 2 O 3 、SiO 2 The dissolution capacity of the ceramic particles is improved, the clay powder is added to improve the Si/Al ratio, and then the uniform and compact composite geopolymer is obtained through water glass excitation, so that a network structure can be formed in the ceramic particle sintering process, the expansion of raw material reaction is reduced, and the ceramic particle strength is improved.
Bauxite, red mud and molybdenum slag at high temperature, wherein Al 2 O 3 And SiO 2 The reaction is carried out to form mullite phase and a small amount of corundum phase, so that the ceramsite has higher strength, spodumene can be used as a fluxing agent and also can be used as an important component for generating low-thermal expansion crystals, mullite can be formed at a lower temperature to increase the strength of a blank body, and the sintering temperature and the sintering period are reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
S1, mixing 7.5g of Bayer process red mud, 2.5g of molybdenum slag, 2g of activated carbon and 0.5g of CaCO 3 Fully mixing, placing into a corundum crucible, closing with a cover, placing the corundum crucible into a muffle furnace for reduction roasting, roasting for 2 hours after the temperature reaches 1150 ℃, quenching with water after the roasting is finished, rapidly cooling, then performing vacuum drying, then performing wet rod grinding on the dried sample for 10 minutes, and thenMagnetically separating by using a magnetic roller, setting a magnetic field intensity current of 1.5A, and collecting a magnetically separated sample to obtain an intermediate 1;
s2, fully mixing 10g of the intermediate 1 with 1g of NaOH particles, placing the mixture into a corundum crucible, then closing the corundum crucible by a cover, placing the corundum crucible into a muffle furnace for reduction roasting, roasting for 1h after reaching 800 ℃, grinding after naturally cooling, and sieving with a 300-mesh sieve to obtain an intermediate 2;
s3, mixing 10g of intermediate 2 and 1.6g of ground clay powder, adding 4g of water glass solution, adding water to adjust the water-cement ratio, and stirring for 5min by using a stirrer to obtain pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag.
Example 2
S1, mixing 15g of Bayer process red mud, 5g of molybdenum slag, 4g of activated carbon and 1g of CaCO 3 Fully mixing, placing the mixture into a corundum crucible, then covering and closing the corundum crucible, placing the corundum crucible into a muffle furnace for reduction roasting, roasting for 2 hours after the temperature reaches 1150 ℃, quenching water after the roasting is finished, rapidly cooling, then carrying out vacuum drying, then carrying out wet rod grinding on the dried sample for 10 minutes, then carrying out magnetic separation by using a magnetic roller, setting the field intensity current of a magnetic field to be 1.5A, and collecting the sample after magnetic separation to obtain an intermediate 1;
s2, fully mixing 20g of the intermediate 1 with 2g of NaOH particles, placing the mixture into a corundum crucible, then covering and sealing the corundum crucible, placing the corundum crucible into a muffle furnace for reduction roasting, roasting for 1h after reaching 800 ℃, grinding after naturally cooling, and sieving with a 300-mesh sieve to obtain an intermediate 2;
s3, mixing 20g of intermediate 2 and 3.2g of ground clay powder, adding 8g of water glass solution, adding water to adjust the water-cement ratio, and stirring for 5min by using a stirrer to obtain pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag.
Example 3
Firstly, carrying out light burning treatment on 20g of bauxite and 4g of spodumene, and respectively crushing the light burned bauxite and the spodumene;
secondly, preparing bauxite, spodumene, 0.8g of polymeric aluminum and 1g of industrial starch into a mixture, and putting the mixture into a ball mill for wet grinding for 20 hours to obtain slurry;
thirdly, adding 50g of the pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag prepared in the embodiment 1 into the wet grinding slurry in the last step, uniformly mixing, pouring into a drying tower for drying, scattering the dried powder, and then transferring into a granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished granules;
and fourthly, sending the semi-finished product granules into a rotary kiln, and firing for 2 hours at the temperature of 1300-1380 ℃ in the kiln to obtain the high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid wastes.
Example 4
Firstly, carrying out light burning treatment on 25g of bauxite and 6g of spodumene, and respectively crushing the light burned bauxite and the spodumene;
secondly, bauxite, spodumene, 0.9g of polymeric aluminum and 1.5g of industrial starch are prepared into a mixture, and the mixture is put into a ball mill for wet grinding for 20 hours to obtain slurry;
thirdly, adding 55g of the pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag prepared in the embodiment 2 into the wet grinding slurry in the last step, uniformly mixing, pouring into a drying tower for drying, scattering the dried powder, and then transferring into a granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished granules;
and fourthly, sending the semi-finished product granules into a rotary kiln, and firing for 2 hours at the temperature of 1300-1380 ℃ in the kiln to obtain the high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid wastes.
Example 5
Firstly, carrying out light burning treatment on 30g of bauxite and 8g of spodumene, and respectively crushing the light burned bauxite and the spodumene;
secondly, bauxite, spodumene, 1g of polymeric aluminum and 2g of industrial starch are prepared into a mixture, and the mixture is put into a ball mill for wet grinding for 20 hours to obtain slurry;
thirdly, 60g of the pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag prepared in the embodiment 1 are added into the wet grinding slurry material in the last step, uniformly mixed, poured into a drying tower for drying, and the dried powder is scattered and then is transferred into a granulator for granulation, thus obtaining semi-finished granules;
and fourthly, sending the semi-finished product granules into a rotary kiln, and firing for 2 hours at the temperature of 1300-1380 ℃ in the kiln to obtain the high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid wastes.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment 3, the preparation process uses red mud and molybdenum slag which are not pretreated after grinding, and the rest raw materials and the preparation process are kept unchanged, so as to obtain the ceramsite.
| Test item | Porosity (%) | Apparent density (kg/m) 3 ) | Compressive strength (Mpa) |
| Test standard | GB/T17431.2-2010 | GB/T17431.2-2010 | JGJ51-2002 |
| Example 3 | 26 | 859 | 53.3 |
| Example 4 | 25 | 832 | 52.8 |
| Example 5 | 23 | 821 | 52.3 |
| Comparative example | 30 | 750 | 43.2 |
As can be seen from the data in the table, the preparation method of the high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste, which is adopted by the invention, has the advantages of smaller porosity, higher apparent density and compressive strength after the pretreatment of the red mud and the molybdenum slag.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the particular embodiments described, or in a similar manner, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of industrial solid waste, 20-30 parts of bauxite, 4-8 parts of spodumene, 0.8-1 part of polyaluminum and 1-2 parts of industrial starch;
wherein, the industrial solid waste is Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag, and is pretreated by the following steps:
s1, mixing Bayer process red mud, molybdenum slag, activated carbon and CaCO 3 Fully mixing, placing into a corundum crucible, then covering and sealing, placing the corundum crucible into a muffle furnace for reduction roasting,roasting for 2 hours after the temperature reaches 1150 ℃, quenching with water, quick cooling after roasting, vacuum drying, wet rod grinding for 10min on the dried sample, magnetic separation by a magnetic roller, setting the field intensity current of a magnetic field to be 1.5A, and collecting the sample after magnetic separation to obtain an intermediate 1;
s2, fully mixing the intermediate 1 with NaOH particles, placing the mixture into a corundum crucible, closing the corundum crucible by a cover, placing the corundum crucible into a muffle furnace for reduction roasting, roasting for 1h after reaching 800 ℃, naturally cooling, grinding, and sieving with a 300-mesh sieve to obtain an intermediate 2;
s3, mixing the intermediate 2 with the ground clay powder, adding water glass solution, adding water to adjust the water-cement ratio, and stirring for 5min by using a stirrer to obtain pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag.
2. The high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid wastes as set forth in claim 1, wherein the red mud, molybdenum slag, activated carbon and CaCO are used in the step S1 3 The ratio of the dosage is 7.5g:2.5g:2g:0.5g.
3. The high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the amount of the intermediate 1 to the amount of NaOH in the step S2 is 10g:1g.
4. The high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the amount of the intermediate 2, the clay powder and the water glass solution in the step S3 is 10g:1.6g:4g.
5. A method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid wastes according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
firstly, carrying out light burning treatment on bauxite and spodumene, and respectively crushing the bauxite and the spodumene after light burning;
secondly, preparing bauxite, spodumene, polymeric aluminum and industrial starch into a mixture, and putting the mixture into a ball mill for wet grinding for 20 hours to obtain slurry;
thirdly, adding pretreated Bayer process red mud and molybdenum slag into the wet-grinding slurry material in the last step, uniformly mixing, pouring into a drying tower for drying, scattering the dried powder, and then transferring into a granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished product granules;
and fourthly, sending the semi-finished product granules into a rotary kiln, and firing for 2 hours at the temperature of 1300-1380 ℃ in the kiln to obtain the high-strength ceramsite based on industrial solid wastes.
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