CN114632411A - Carbon nitrogen emission reduction method applied to urine, excrement and sewage in pig farm - Google Patents
Carbon nitrogen emission reduction method applied to urine, excrement and sewage in pig farm Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/58—Ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon nitrogen emission reduction method for urine, excrement and sewage applied to a pig farm, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection; aiming at the carbon and nitrogen emission problem of the excrement in all links of 'feeding house-conveying-temporary storage-processing-storage' of a pig farm adopting a urine and excrement soaking process, the method provides two modes of active emission reduction and passive emission reduction, wherein the active emission reduction comprises the engineering parameter adjustment of excrement acidification, covering, methane inhibition, C/N adjustment, excrement cleaning parameter, feeding load and the like; passive emission reduction comprises a technology of removing ammonia by a chemical method at an exhaust port and removing methane by an emergency torch; the invention realizes the multi-waste cooperative treatment by adopting the concept of 'treating waste by waste', converts the traditional emission reduction theoretical method into a practical technology which is adaptive to the actual working condition of a pig farm, provides a systematic solution in a full-chain manure emission reduction management mode in the pig farm, has simple operation and high modularization degree, and is suitable for various scales of pig farms adopting the process of soaking manure in urine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of farm manure treatment technology and environmental protection, in particular to a carbon and nitrogen emission reduction method for urine-soaked manure in a pig farm.
Background
With the rapid development of the breeding industry in China, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the breeding industry is more and more serious. The livestock and poultry manure discharge amount in China is over 40 hundred million t, but the comprehensive treatment rate is only about 60%, so that the environment is seriously burdened, and the livestock and poultry industry becomes the third pollution industry in China. The pig industry is an important part of animal husbandry, the environmental problems brought by the pig industry are not small, the problem of pig manure treatment becomes a main factor restricting the sustainable and healthy development of large-scale pig farms and even animal husbandry, and therefore, the problem of pig farm manure pollution is not slow to solve.
The process of soaking manure with urine is to keep water in a certain depth in a manure discharge ditch of a pigsty, and the water for washing manure and feeding management flows into the manure ditch through a slotted floor. The excrement is soaked in the excrement ditch to be diluted into excrement liquid, the excrement liquid in the ditch is discharged after being stored for a certain time, and the excrement liquid flows into the excrement main dry ditch along the excrement ditch and enters the excrement storage tank. The process generally comprises a treatment process of feeding house-conveying (dung ditch) -temporary storage (slurry adjusting pool) -anaerobic fermentation (anaerobic pool) -biogas slurry storage (Cao Yubo, Asahi, Cumbehai and the like, the research on ammonia volatilization and emission reduction technology of agriculture and pasture systems progresses [ J ]. Chinese agricultural science, 2018,51(3): 566-. The main purpose of the urine and excrement soaking process is to regularly and effectively remove excrement and urine in a livestock house, reduce labor input in the excrement cleaning process, reduce flushing water and improve the automatic management level of a farm. The process has the advantages that the manure is timely and effectively removed, the pigsty is effectively kept clean, but the process only keeps the cleanness of the manure leaking plate in the pigsty, which is in direct contact with livestock seeds, and the whole ammonia gas and other odor substances in the breeding house are increased and discharged due to the fact that the manure is soaked for a long time in the manure ditch.
In recent years, the pig raising production in China is continuously and stably promoted and developed no matter on scale or in a modern management mode, the breeding production process and the subsequent fecal sewage treatment are always the key links of the research of the livestock industry, however, the links of the breeding process in the connection house and the fecal sewage treatment of the in-house collection, out-house transportation, temporary storage, anaerobic treatment and storage of the fecal sewage are not paid due attention to most of farms, so that the management on the whole chain for collecting and treating the fecal sewage after a plurality of farms are put into production is not smooth, the carbon and nitrogen emission is increased, and the environmental pollution is caused.
Chinese patent CN 110747126A discloses a screening method of bacterial strains for producing urease inhibitor and a method for reducing ammonia emission from excrement, the method obtains bacterial strains which do not produce urease and bacterial strains which produce urease through primary screening, then obtains bacterial strains for producing urease inhibitor through screening, obtains bacterial strains with urease inhibition through screening to reduce ammonia emission from excrement of livestock and poultry, but the patent depends on single added bacterial strains to reduce emission, and a single bacterial strain in the treatment of breeding excrement is difficult to become a dominant bacterial strain to play a role continuously. Chinese patent CN 110100961A discloses a compound additive for reducing emission of ammonia gas in the process of breeding livestock and poultry, which can improve the nitrogen utilization rate, adsorb endogenous ammonia gas, inhibit urease activity in livestock and poultry feces and the like, and has close relation with compound amino acid, a compound enzyme preparation and a compound viable bacteria agent, so as to promote the growth of livestock and poultry, improve the nitrogen utilization rate of feed and reduce the emission of ammonia gas in the breeding process.
Chinese patent CN 110038397A discloses an ammonia emission reduction device for a livestock and poultry breeding house, which comprises filter wall combination equipment and a water pipe, wherein the filter wall combination equipment comprises a frame, a gas distribution plate and a wet curtain, and the gas distribution plate and the wet curtain are arranged in the frame; the gas distribution plate is provided with gas distribution holes, and the gas distribution holes comprise gas holes, baffles and connecting columns; a spray pipe is arranged right above the wet curtain, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in the spray pipe; the water pipe is provided with two branches which are respectively connected with the spray pipe and the atomization pipe; the atomization tube is arranged between the gas distribution plate and the wet curtain. The device increases the contact area by utilizing atomized acidizing fluid in a countercurrent mode, only disperses ammonia gas, and does not reduce ammonia gas emission from the source; meanwhile, the method depends on chemical agents such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or citric acid, so that the cultivation cost is increased, and the chemical agents cause environmental pollution.
The above patent only develops the innovation of a single technology aiming at a single link of the excrement management of the farm, does not carry out system design on the emission reduction technology of each link, and forms a complete set of technical measures which are low in cost and suitable for popularization and application of the farm.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a carbon and nitrogen emission reduction method for the urine-soaking manure in a pig farm, and aims at a complete solution method for regulating and controlling the carbon and nitrogen emission reduction of the manure in all links of feeding house, conveying, temporary storage, treatment and storage in the pig farm adopting the urine-soaking manure process, so that the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes is realized, the sustainable emission reduction capability is formed, the cost is low, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
firstly, the application provides a carbon and nitrogen emission reduction method for urine, excrement and sewage in a pig farm, which comprises active emission reduction and passive emission reduction; the active emission reduction technology relates to each link of 'feeding house-conveying-temporary storage-processing-storage', and comprises engineering parameter adjustment such as feces acidification, covering, methane inhibition, C/N adjustment, feces cleaning parameter and feeding load; the passive emission reduction technology relates to four links of 'feeding house-temporary storage-treatment-storage', and comprises the steps of removing ammonia by a chemical method at an exhaust port and removing methane by an emergency torch.
1) Feeding house link
1.1) the active emission reduction method in the feeding house link comprises the steps of adding a methane inhibitor, adjusting C/N, adjusting pH, strengthening acid-producing microorganisms and controlling manure cleaning; wherein, adding the methane inhibitor refers to adding a preparation with a methane inhibiting effect into a breeding house manure pit, wherein the methane inhibitor comprises conventional methane inhibitors such as trichloromethane, 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) and the like, and the adding amount of the conventional methane inhibitors is a conventional amount (refer to a product specification in use);
the C/N regulation means that soluble carbon source substances are added to improve the soluble C/N ratio in the temporary storage process of the urine and excrement in the breeding house to be more than 30, so that the generation and emission of ammonia gas are reduced; soluble carbon source substances such as kitchen waste, fruit and vegetable waste, water plants and the like;
the pH adjustment refers to adding an acidic reagent to adjust the pH value of the feces to be below 5, wherein the acidic reagent comprises a chemical reagent or a perishable waste acidizing fluid, the chemical reagent comprises citric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and the like, and the perishable waste acidizing fluid comprises a liquid obtained by acidizing and pretreating kitchen waste, fruit and vegetable waste or aquatic weed and other raw materials (the acidizing fluid adjustment mode can play a dual role in adjusting C/N and pH); the 'perishable waste acidizing fluid' is a conventional acidic reagent in the field, such as a document 'Homannie' different temperatures, and the influence research on the acidification of the kitchen waste and the methanation of products thereof [ D]The master academic thesis of Beijing university of chemical industry, 2013. "published; ammonia is mostly NH under acidic environmental conditions4 +Form exists, thereby reducing ammonia emission;
the acid-producing microorganism reinforcement means that conventional acid-producing microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria and the like are added, and the microorganisms propagate by utilizing a soluble carbon source of the excrement and provide sustainable acidification capability;
the manure cleaning amount control means that 10-20 percent (volume) of manure is remained as an acid-producing microorganism seed source every time the manure in the manure pit of the breeding house is discharged, and acid-producing microorganism seeds are not required to be added in the subsequent breeding process. According to the difference of the manure storage capacity of a piggery manure pit and the management mode of a pig farm, the conventional pollution discharge interval comprises the following steps: a) 1 time in a few days to 1 week; b)1 time in 1.5-2 months; c) the method has the advantages that the method has three modes of discharging the pigs after all the pigs are slaughtered, and the existing pollution discharge interval of a farm is not changed by controlling the quantity of the clear excrement;
1.2) the passive emission reduction method of the feeding house link is to remove ammonia by using an exhaust port chemical method, wherein the chemical ammonia removal method is to absorb ammonia gas generated and discharged by each exhaust port of the existing feeding house link by using an acid agent, and the acid agent comprises, but is not limited to, citric acid, hydrochloric acid and the like; the exhaust port of the breeding house is set as the conventional technology, such as the arrangement disclosed in the literature of Liu Juan, Cumbean, Cao Yubo, Sinkiang Phoebia, Zhao Xian Qing, Marlin, the influence of the surface layer acidification of the fecaluria in the livestock colony house on the emission of ammonia gas [ J ]. Chinese ecological agriculture report (Chinese and English), 2019,27(5): 677-.
2) Conveying link
The active emission reduction method in the conveying link is characterized in that when manure is conveyed from a manure pit of a breeding house to a size mixing tank, a closed-ditch conveying or pipeline conveying mode is adopted.
3) Temporary storage link
3.1) the active emission reduction method of the temporary storage link is that when excrement is conveyed from an excrement pit of a breeding house to a slurry mixing tank for temporary storage, the slurry mixing tank is sealed, and meanwhile, an acidic regulator is added to regulate the pH value of the excrement in the tank to be below 5, which is the same as the regulation mode of the feeding house link;
the sealing can be realized by adopting a mechanical sealing cover or a film covering mode, namely a waterproof tent type roof or a cover is arranged at the top of the temporary excrement storage tank, the mechanical sealing cover is preferably adopted for a circular size mixing tank with a central stirring function, and the film covering mode is preferably adopted for a large-area temporary storage tank, wherein the film covering mode is to use a plastic film, a black film and other covering materials.
The temporary storage link generally uses a size mixing tank, the area is usually small, and the size is about 50-200m3A/each, suitably with a mechanical seal; the biogas slurry storage tank used in the storage link is usually large in area and generally 10000-3Preferably, a film covering means is used;
3.2) Passive emission reduction method of temporary storage link refers to emergency torch technology, namely, LiliThe biogas combustion torch is used for burning the redundant biogas in time, so that the high-carbon emission gas of methane is prevented from being discharged into the air. The marsh gas component is mainly CH4And CO2Combustion is mainly of CH4Conversion of combustion to CO2And H2O，CH4The greenhouse effect caused by the emission into the environment is CO2Twenty times greater. The emergency torch is the conventional technology in the field, such as the literature' a torch device [ P for biogas combustion]The utility model patent, 2010.
4) Processing link
4.1) the active emission reduction method of the treatment link is to carry out conventional anaerobic fermentation on the manure in the size mixing tank in a conventional manner, and simultaneously adjust the C/N ratio of the raw materials and the feeding load;
wherein the C/N regulation of the raw materials is the same as the link of a feeding house; whether the subsequent fermentation adopts front-end aerobic or facultative aerobic or anaerobic fermentation, the subsequent fermentation is the result of the action of microorganisms, and the microorganisms realize self propagation by utilizing organic matters, and the optimal C/N required by growth and metabolism is 20-30: 1; the anaerobic link involves three stages, namely a hydrolysis stage (the main hydrolysis microorganisms hydrolyze macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters), an acidification stage (namely the acidification microorganisms further acidify the micromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic acids, such as volatile organic acids of C2-C5) and a methanogenesis stage (methane bacteria convert the volatile organic acids into methane and carbon dioxide), so that the C/N ratio of the materials is adjusted to be more than 30, the speeds of the hydrolysis stage and the acidification stage are higher than that of the methanogenesis stage, the gradual acidification is easy to cause, and the ammonia emission is reduced;
the feed load adjustment refers to increasing the feed load of an anaerobic fermentation tank/pool by 5-10% compared with the conventional feed, increasing the organic load, promoting the acid production stage of organic matters, reducing the pH value of a fermentation system, and further reducing the generation of ammonia gas (in the literature, "Guoge, Dongru, Chengliang, etc.. the influence of temperature and organic load on the anaerobic fermentation process of pig manure [ J ]. the journal of agricultural engineering, 2011,27(12): 217) 222.). The feeding amount of the ' conventional feeding ' can be set according to the parameters of the anaerobic fermentation tank/pool and is set conventionally in the field, for example, the gas production performance of pig farm excrement biogas fermentation under different temperatures and organic loads [ J ]. Chinese biogas, 2016,34(3):36-43 ' is disclosed in the document.
The above-mentioned "anaerobic fermentation" technique is a conventional technique in the art, such as the anaerobic fermentation apparatus and method disclosed in the literature "the influence of the process conditions of primary and secondary anaerobic fermentation on biogas production characteristics and biogas slurry nutrient composition [ J ]. Shenyang university Master academic thesis, 2016".
4.2) the passive emission reduction method in the treatment link is an emergency torch technology, namely, a biogas combustion torch is utilized to timely burn off redundant biogas, so that high-carbon emission gas of methane is prevented from being discharged into air. The marsh gas component is mainly CH4And CO2Combustion is mainly of CH4Conversion of combustion to CO2And H2O，CH4The greenhouse effect caused by the emission into the environment is CO2Twenty times greater. The emergency torch is the conventional technology in the field, such as the literature' a torch device [ P for biogas combustion]The utility model patent, 2010.
5) Storage link
5.1) the active emission reduction method of the storage link mainly comprises the steps of sealing a biogas slurry storage pool through film covering;
5.2) the passive emission reduction method in the storage link refers to an emergency torch technology, and the same processing links are adopted.
Compared with the similar technology, the technical overall performance index of the invention has the advantages that:
aiming at each link of the current pig farm urine-soaking manure-waste treatment, the carbon and nitrogen emission reduction method of the system is provided for unified management, the multi-element waste cooperative treatment is realized by adopting the concept of 'treating waste by waste', the traditional emission reduction theoretical method is converted into a practical method adaptive to the actual working condition of the pig farm, the implementation that non-pig farm workers cannot enter the pig farm under the epidemic situation of 'African swine fever' is facilitated, and the system solution is provided in a full-chain manure emission reduction management mode in a farm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of carbon nitrogen in-situ emission reduction process of manure in a pig farm according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment, taking a certain ten thousand pig farms in Jiangsu Suqian Huai' an city as an example, the carbon and nitrogen emission reduction of excrement is comprehensively managed on the basis of the existing urine-soaking excrement treatment process (in pig raising houses, conveying, temporary storage, treatment and storage), and a systematic carbon and nitrogen in-situ emission reduction test is carried out.
The lactic acid bacteria used in the following examples are Leuconostoc mesenteroides butterfat subspecies, available from the Guangdong province collection of microorganisms (collection number: ATCC 19254), and in specific embodiments, other commercially available lactic acid bacteria may be used.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1
The flow of the carbon and nitrogen in-situ emission reduction method of the system related to the embodiment is shown in figure 1.
Specifically, the embodiment performs two processes of active emission reduction and passive emission reduction aiming at the existing piggery breeding and manure treatment 'feeding house-conveying-temporary storage-processing-storage' links, wherein the active emission reduction technology relates to each link of 'feeding house-conveying-temporary storage-processing-storage', and the passive emission reduction technology relates to four links of 'feeding house-temporary storage-processing-storage'.
1. The method for reducing emission in the feeding house link adopts the following combined treatment technology:
1) adding methane inhibitor
Chloroform (trichloromethane) is periodically added into the manure pit of the breeding house to inhibit methane bacteria in the manure from utilizing organic acid components to generate methane, which is beneficial for the manure system to achieve acid inhibition more quickly, in the embodiment, the adding amount of the chloroform is 0.005-0.01% of the production amount of the manure, namely, 5-10kg of chloroform is added into the manure pit every 100 tons of manure are produced.
Taking a pigsty for holding 500 fattening pigs in an embodiment as an example, a distributed on-way liquid feeding pipeline along the length direction of a tunnel is arranged in a manure pit to realize regular automatic quantitative addition, and the total amount of manure and sewage generated by each fattening pig per day is 4.6 tons, 1 time of adding a methane inhibitor (chloroform) is added in about 22 days, and the addition amount is 8kg by referring to the construction specification (trial) of manure and sewage resource utilization facilities of a livestock and poultry farm and the pollutant discharge standard (GB18596-2001) of livestock and poultry breeding industry for conversion calculation of 1kg of manure and 2.2kg of urine per day and 6kg of water entering the manure and sewage.
2) C/N regulation
This embodiment is through the perishable discarded object such as the kitchen discarded object, fruit vegetables discarded object and peripheral pasture and water with the living area earlier through smashing dehydration all-in-one processing back, with the juice pump in the plastic drum temporary storage to carry respectively to each breed house excrement hole in through the pipeline, can add regularly or irregularly, finally decide according to follow-up dirty pH value automatic monitoring result of excrement, ensure that the C/N ratio is greater than 30.
The purpose of C/N regulation is to promote the acidification process under the action of microorganisms by increasing the supply of organic carbon, reduce the pH value of the system and further reduce the generation and emission of ammonia.
3) pH adjustment and acid-producing microbial fortification
When a new batch of pig house is fed, firstly adding about 5 cm thick 3% citric acid solution (in the concrete implementation, 3% -5% citric acid solution can be added), wherein the pH value is about 2; and subsequently, adding a perishable waste acidizing fluid for regulation, and maintaining an acidic environment with the pH value of the excrement less than 5.
The perishable waste acidizing fluid used in the embodiment is prepared by treating kitchen waste, fruit and vegetable waste, peripheral aquatic plants and other perishable waste in a living area by a crushing and dewatering integrated machine according to a conventional technology, adding lactic acid bacteria (the inoculation amount is 3% of the material mass), and fermenting by a conventional method to form the acidizing fluid, wherein the main component of the acidizing fluid is lactic acid, and the pH value is usually about 4.
Meanwhile, the lactobacillus and the acidified liquid of the perishable waste are conveyed to a manure pit in the pig house, so that the lactobacillus is promoted to realize rapid propagation by utilizing the acidified liquid and the soluble carbon source of manure, and the sustainable acidification capability is provided.
4) Control of manure removal
According to the test of the manure storage capacity of the manure pit of the breeding house and the pig farm management mode, 10 to 20 mass percent of manure is remained when the manure in the manure pit of the breeding house is discharged every time, and the manure is not completely discharged until the batch of live pigs are slaughtered and epidemic prevention and disinfection are needed
5) Passive emission reduction
The method adopts a house exhaust port chemical method to remove ammonia, namely, the tail end of a negative pressure ventilation pipeline system of a feeding house and the exhaust port of a mechanical sealing cover of a temporary storage size mixing tank are connected with a chemical spraying absorption device to realize the operation of reducing the emission of excrement.
The chemical ammonia removal through the exhaust port refers to the absorption of ammonia gas generated and discharged by each exhaust port in the conventional feeding house link by an acid agent, wherein the acid agent used in the embodiment is citric acid; the exhaust port of the breeding house is set as the conventional technology, such as the setting disclosed in the literature of Liu Juan, Cupressian, Cao Yubo, Sinkiang Nanmu, Zhao Xian, the influence of acidification of the surface layer of feces and urine of livestock colony house in Marlin on the emission of ammonia gas [ J ]. Chinese ecological agriculture bulletin (Chinese and English), 2019,27(5): 677-.
2. Conveying link
The embodiment maintains the prior closed transportation mode of the blind ditch when the breeding house dung pit conveys dung to the size mixing tank.
3. Temporary storage link
1) Sealed slurry mixing tank provided with mechanical sealing cover
The slurry mixing tank for temporarily storing the feces is a circular tank with a stirring shaft in the center, therefore, a plane sealing cover is arranged at the position 20cm away from the slurry mixing tank, a bearing is arranged at the joint of the center of the sealing cover and the stirring shaft, and 2-3 vent holes with the diameter of 50mm are arranged on the sealing cover, so that the purpose of pressure relief of a sealing system in the feces conveying process is achieved. In specific implementation, a film covering mode can be used to achieve the purpose of temporary storage link sealing.
2) Adding a perishable waste acidizing fluid to adjust the pH value of the feces in the size mixing tank to be below 5, wherein the adjustment mode is the same as that of a feeding house link;
3) passive emission reduction
And removing ammonia by adopting an exhaust port chemical method, wherein the equipment is in the same link with a feeding house.
4. Processing link
And in the treatment link, conventional anaerobic fermentation is carried out by a conventional method, and the adjustment of the C/N of the raw materials and the feeding load are carried out simultaneously:
1) the C/N adjusting method is the same as the link of a feeding house, namely the C/N ratio of the raw materials is ensured to be more than 30 by adding perishable wastes;
2) the feed load adjustment means that the feed load of an anaerobic fermentation tank/pool is increased to 10% of the conventional feed load, the hydrolysis acid production rate in an anaerobic fermentation system is adjusted to be slightly higher than the methane production rate, the pH value of the system is promoted to operate at a low position, the purposes of reducing ammonia gas generation and emission in situ from the source are realized, and the purpose of the invention can be realized by increasing 5% -10% of the feed load in specific implementation compared with the conventional feed load.
In this example, the Solid Retention Time (SRT) of the pig farm manure in the fermentation tank/pond is 25 days, the conventional daily feeding is 1/25 of the effective volume of the fermentation tank, and after the feeding load of the anaerobic fermentation tank/pond is increased, the feeding amount is increased by 10 percent, namely the feeding amount is increased to 1/22.5 of the effective volume.
The above-mentioned "anaerobic fermentation" techniques are conventional in the art, such as those disclosed in "Haiyuan-pig manure anaerobic fermentation process conditions influence the biogas production characteristics and the nutritional ingredients of biogas slurry [ J ]. Shenyang university Master academic thesis, 2016." in the literature.
3) Passive emission reduction
The biogas combustion torch technology is adopted, the equipment is purchased from Jinyang environmental protection and energy saving equipment manufacturing Limited company in Jining, and the model is as follows: HJNR-100.
5. Storage link
1) The storage link adopts a mode of sealing the biogas slurry storage tank, and the embodiment is a film covering mode.
And (3) detecting the ammonia emission reduction effect:
tracking and monitoring the carbon-nitrogen in-situ emission reduction effect of the running material consumption condition of the management links (taking 1 growing and fattening pig stocking with 500 pigs as an example), wherein the monitoring key points are as follows:
(1) a feeding house link: about 120kg of trichloromethane medicine is consumed by feeding fattening pigs in each 1 batch, about 0.4 ton of kitchen waste is treated, about 30 tons of fruit and vegetable waste or water grass is treated, a portable ammonia gas monitor (model: TD1198) is adopted to monitor and discover the ammonia emission condition of the piggery before and after treatment,the average ammonia concentration was determined from (4.22. + -. 0.31) mg. m before treatment-3(summer), (5.48. + -. 0.26) mg. m-3(autumn) to the average ammonia concentration after treatment (2.83 + -0.22) mg-m-3、(3.13±0.18)mg·m-3The ammonia emission reduction rate is 32.94% -42.88%; collecting gas in a pigsty by adopting an atmospheric sampler to analyze the methane content, and monitoring to find that the average methane content is reduced from 8.20 percent before treatment to 2.34 percent after treatment, and the methane emission reduction rate reaches 71.46 percent;
(2) a conveying link: as the same as the traditional processing technology, no monitoring is carried out;
(3) temporary storage link: in order to facilitate monitoring of carbon and nitrogen emission reduction effects before and after treatment, a mechanical sealing cover is additionally arranged, after the temporary storage time is over, the ammonia concentration in the temporary storage tank and the tail gas of a chemical absorption spray tower of a passive emission reduction technology are monitored, and the monitoring result shows that the ammonia concentration is (2.53 +/-0.14) mg.m.before treatment-3Reduced to (0.73 +/-0.08) mg · m-3While the ammonia concentration in the tail gas after chemical absorption spraying is only 0.07 mg.m-3Therefore, the actual emission reduction effect after the combined pretreatment emission reduction measures is 97.23%. The acidification liquid is generated by continuously utilizing fruit and vegetable wastes or aquatic grass hydrolysis acidification in a feeding house link, so that the waste treatment amount is not calculated in the link.
(4) And (3) a processing link: if the feeding house link has adopted C/N regulation measures, the regulation is not needed again, otherwise, the regulation is needed. As the treatment link is a closed anaerobic tank as an object, the average ammonia concentration can be known by monitoring the ammonia concentration in the biogas before and after treatment, and the average ammonia concentration is (18200 +/-1260) mg.m.before treatment-3Reduced to (4800 + -160) mg · m-3The ammonia emission reduction rate reaches 73.63%;
(5) and (3) a storage link: after the film covering measure is added, the ammonia gas generated in the biogas slurry is basically stored in the film and basically has no emission, so the ammonia emission reduction rate reaches 100 percent.
The ammonia concentration in each link before and after the ammonia emission reduction in the example is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of ammonia concentration before and after implementation of ammonia emission reduction technology in various links of pig farm fecal pollution management
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A carbon and nitrogen emission reduction method for urine, excrement and feces in a pig farm is characterized by comprising active emission reduction and passive emission reduction technologies of emission reduction in a feeding house link, emission reduction in a conveying link, emission reduction in a temporary storage link, emission reduction in a treatment link and emission reduction in a storage link, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps;
1) reduction of emissions in the feeding house link
1.1) active emission reduction
The active emission reduction method in the feeding house link comprises the steps of adding a methane inhibitor, adjusting C/N, adjusting pH, strengthening acid-producing microorganisms and controlling manure removal;
the methane inhibitor is added into a breeding house manure pit;
C/N regulation refers to adding a soluble carbon source into a breeding house manure pit, so that the C/N ratio of manure is more than 30;
the pH adjustment refers to adding acidic substances to adjust the pH value of the excrement to be not more than 5;
the acid-producing microorganism reinforcement means adding acid-producing microorganisms;
the manure cleaning amount control means that 10-20% of manure is left as an acid-producing microorganism seed source every time the manure in the manure pit of the breeding house is discharged;
1.2) Passive emission reduction
The passive emission reduction of the feeding house link means that ammonia is removed by using an exhaust port chemical method, namely, an acid agent is adopted to absorb the discharged ammonia gas;
2) emission reduction in conveying links
The emission reduction of the conveying link refers to that when the manure is conveyed from a manure pit of a breeding house to a size mixing tank, a closed-ditch conveying or pipeline conveying mode is adopted;
3) emission reduction in temporary storage link
3.1) active emission reduction
The active emission reduction method of the temporary storage link comprises the steps of sealing a size mixing tank and adjusting the pH value;
the pH adjustment means adding acidic substances to adjust the pH value of the excrement in the temporary storage tank to be not more than 5;
3.2) Passive emission reduction
The passive emission reduction method of the temporary storage link is to remove ammonia by a chemical method at an exhaust port, namely, to absorb the discharged ammonia by adopting an acid agent;
4) emission reduction in processing links
4.1) active emission reduction
The active emission reduction method of the treatment link is to adjust the C/N ratio of raw materials and the feeding load when the conventional anaerobic fermentation is carried out on the excrement in the pulping tank;
wherein, the adjustment of the C/N ratio of the raw materials means that a soluble carbon source is added into the size mixing tank, so that the C/N ratio of the excrement is more than 30;
the feeding load adjustment refers to increasing the feeding load of the anaerobic fermentation tank,
4.2) Passive emission reduction
The passive emission reduction method of the treatment link refers to an emergency torch technology;
5) emission reduction in storage links
5.1) active emission reduction
The active emission reduction method in the storage link mainly refers to sealing a biogas slurry storage pool;
5.2) Passive emission reduction
The passive emission reduction method in the storage link refers to an emergency torch technology.
2. The carbon and nitrogen reduction method for the pig farm urine and feces according to claim 1, wherein the methane inhibitor comprises at least one of chloroform and 3-nitrooxypropanol.
3. The carbon nitrogen emission reduction method for the urine and feces and excrement of the pig farm as set forth in claim 1, wherein the soluble carbon source comprises at least one of kitchen waste, fruit and vegetable waste and aquatic weed.
4. The carbon and nitrogen reduction method for the pig farm urine and manure and sewage according to claim 1, wherein the acidic substances comprise chemical reagents and corrosive waste acidizing fluid; the chemical reagent comprises at least one of citric acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid; the perishable waste acidizing fluid is a fluid obtained by acidizing and pretreating kitchen waste, fruit and vegetable waste or aquatic plants.
5. The carbon and nitrogen reduction method for the pig farm urine and excrement and sewage according to claim 1, wherein the acid-producing microorganisms comprise lactic acid bacteria.
6. The carbon nitrogen emission reduction method for the urine, the excrement and the sewage of the pig farm as recited in claim 1, wherein the sealed size mixing tank is a sealed size mixing tank which is sealed by adding a mechanical sealing cover or a film covering mode.
7. The carbon nitrogen emission reduction method for the urine, the excrement and the sewage of the pig farm as recited in claim 1, wherein the sealed biogas slurry storage tank is a sealed slurry mixing tank sealed by adopting a film covering mode.
8. The carbon and nitrogen reduction method for the pig farm urine and feces according to claim 1, wherein the acid agent comprises at least one of citric acid and hydrochloric acid.
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