CN114623731A - A low-collateral damage rain-enhancing and hail-suppressing shell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating artillery shell with low collateral damage, which comprises a fuze body, a fuze detonator, a rain-enhancing catalyst, an explosive charge and a projectile body. The fuze body equipped with the fuze detonator is fixed at the mouth of the projectile body, the rain-enhancing catalyst and the explosive charge are arranged in the projectile body, and a paper pad is arranged between the bottom of the fuze detonator and the top of the explosive charge. The explosive charge is a non-aluminum explosive with a sensitivity close to that of Tetra. By reasonably replacing the types of explosive charges, the present invention solves the problems of the existing rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating artillery shells, which have hidden dangers in launching safety and are easy to use unexploded shells, on the premise of ensuring that the rain-increasing and hail-eliminating performance of the shells is not affected after the drug-changing. The problem of fire caused by accidental ignition when landing reduces the sensitivity of the explosive, improves the safety of the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating shells, and eliminates the hidden danger of fire, thereby reducing the collateral damage of the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating shells.

Description

A low-collateral damage rain-enhancing and hail-suppressing shell

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rain-increasing and hail-eliminating artillery shells for artificial weather modification, and in particular relates to a rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating artillery shell with low collateral damage.

Background technique

Cloud is a suspension of supercooled water vapor in the air. The formation of precipitation depends not only on the content of water vapor in the cloud, but also on the number of condensation nuclei where the water vapor condenses in the cloud. Even if the water vapor content in the cloud is particularly large, without or with only a small number of condensation nuclei, the water vapor will not condense sufficiently, nor will it descend sufficiently. Even if some small water droplets can fall, they will eventually evaporate in the middle of the landing process because they are too few and too small. The main conditions for the generation of hail are: there must be strong up and down airflow in the cloud, and a large amount of moisture is contained. Only in this way, can the small hail embryos in the cloud have enough water supply to develop into hail, and have sufficient opportunities to capture the water in the cloud to make themselves grow.

The rain-enhancing and hail-reducing effect of traditional rain-enhancing and hail-reducing cannonballs theoretically depends on the cold cloud catalyst loaded in the projectile, and silver iodide is selected as the current cold cloud catalyst. The methods of generating silver iodide aerosol in cumulonimbus clouds mainly include combustion method and explosion method. Although some people think that the effect of the combustion method is better than that of the explosion method, because the projectile body needs to be broken to prevent the residual projectile body from falling from the air, the explosion method can only be used for the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating artillery shells, that is, about 1 g of silver iodide. It is installed in the shell charge, and the silver iodide catalyst is dissipated by explosion to form a large number of silver iodide particles. These particles will enter the cloud with the airflow to form a large number of ice nuclei, so that the water vapor in the cloud can be fully condensed, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing rainfall. The principle of hail elimination is similar to that of rain enhancement. As long as the rain and hail elimination cannonballs scatter enough catalysts into the cloud to produce a large number of ice crystals, more water droplets or ice particles are formed quickly, resulting in the advantage of competing with hail embryos for moisture. , so as to inhibit the growth of hail and achieve the purpose of eliminating hail.

In addition, the shock wave from the explosion of the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating cannonballs will also form a disturbed airflow field during the propagation process. This feature can not only achieve rain increase, but also promote the precipitation of clouds that have not yet formed hail to collapse in advance, and achieve hail elimination.

The rain-enhancing and hail-suppressing properties of the rain-enhancing and hail-suppressing shells are directly related to the explosive effect of the explosive charge. The higher the explosion pressure of the explosive charge, the faster the speed of driving the silver iodide catalyst during the explosion, the greater the number and coverage of the silver iodide particles formed by the explosion, and the higher the ice nucleation rate of the silver iodide catalyst. The more water droplets or ice particles are produced, the better the effect of cannonball rain enhancement; at the same time, the higher the ice nucleation rate of the silver iodide catalyst, the more water droplets or ice particles formed in the cloud layer, and the greater the advantage of competing with hail embryos for water. , the better the effect of suppressing the growth of hail to achieve hail elimination. In addition, the higher the explosion pressure of the explosive charge, the stronger the disturbed airflow formed by the explosion of the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating shells, and the better the damage effect on the balance between the precipitation particles and the updraft, which in turn causes more precipitation particles to fall in a concentrated manner, prompting the Clouds that have not yet formed hail fall in advance due to precipitation, which better achieves rain enhancement and hail elimination. Therefore, in the selection process of explosive charge, its detonation pressure characteristics need to be guaranteed first. The other characteristics of the explosive charge, such as the combustion characteristics and the killing characteristics of shell fragments, will bring various collateral damages and should be avoided as much as possible.

The traditional rain-enhancing and hail-suppressing shells are transformed from military shells accumulated in the national treasury. The original military shells are equipped with aluminum powder to achieve the burning characteristics of the target. Military artillery shells were transformed into rain-increasing and hail-reducing shells, and the original blunt black aluminum charge was used. The passivated black aluminum charge is made up of 70% to 80% of passivated black cable and 20% to 30% of flake aluminum powder. Vegetation, at which point the fuze is likely to fire again, causing unnecessary collateral damage. Moreover, since the friction sensitivity (68%) and impact sensitivity (40%) of the blunt black aluminum charge are much higher than those of the safety critical explosive Tequer, there are still potential safety hazards.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of rain-increasing and hail-eliminating cannonball with low collateral damage, so as to solve the problem that the existing rain-increasing and hail-eliminating cannonball has a potential safety hazard in launching, and it is easy to cause the unexploded projectile to accidentally ignite and cause a fire when landing.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the present invention is: a low collateral damage rain-increasing and hail-eliminating shell, comprising a fuze body, a fuze detonator, a rain-enhancing catalyst, an explosive charge and a projectile body, and a fuze equipped with a fuze detonator. The body is fixed at the mouth of the projectile body, the rain-enhancing catalyst and the explosive charge are arranged in the projectile body, and a paper pad is arranged between the bottom of the fuze detonator and the top of the explosive charge. Quer (friction sensitivity 16%, impact sensitivity 48%) non-aluminum explosives, such as polyhei-2 explosive (friction sensitivity 28%, impact sensitivity 22%) or passivated Hesuojin explosive (friction sensitivity 28%, impact sensitivity 32%).

In terms of explosion pressure characteristics, the passivated black aluminum explosive is made of 70% to 80% of passivated black aluminum powder and 20% to 30% of flake aluminum powder. Then the explosive product reacts with the aluminum powder, but the reaction rate between the aluminum powder and the explosive product is slow, and the energy released by the reaction cannot be replenished to the shock wave front. The detonation velocity of 80:20 dull black aluminum explosive with a density of 1.77 g/cm ³ is 8089 m/s). Polyhexyl-2 explosive is composed of 94.5% hexagon, ³ % dinitrotoluene, 2% polyvinyl acetate and 0.5% other components. The detonation velocity of Hesuo is 8640 m/s today) is similar (the detonation velocity of the polyhei-2 explosive with a density of 1.667 g/cm ³ is 8122 m/s, and the detonation velocity of the polyhei-2 explosive with a density of 1.722 g/cm ³ is 8425 m/s). Passivation Hexojin explosive is composed of 93.5%~95% Hexojin and ⁵ %~6.5% insensitive agent. The detonation velocity of the Suojin explosive is 8271 m/s, and the detonation velocity of the passivated black Suojin explosive with a density of 1.67 g/cm ³ is 8498 m/s). To sum up, the detonation velocity of polyhei-2 explosive and passivation black cable explosive is higher than that of passivation black aluminum explosive, and according to the empirical formula

The explosive pressure P _CJ is positively correlated with the explosive density ρ ₀ and the explosive detonation velocity D. According to this calculation, the explosion pressure of the blunt black aluminum (80:20) explosive with a density of 1.77 g/cm ³ is 28.95 GPa, while the explosion pressure of the poly black-2 explosive with a density of 1.722 g/cm ³ is 30.56 GPa and the density of 1.67 g/cm 3. The detonation pressure of the passivated black cable of ³ is 30.15 GPa. Therefore, the detonation pressure of the polyhei-2 explosive and the passivated black cable explosive is higher than that of the dull black aluminum (80:20) explosive, which can ensure that the rain-increasing and hail-removing performance of the shell after the change of the charge will only improve, not decrease.

In terms of combustion characteristics, because the explosive charge no longer contains aluminum powder, the fire hazard after the unexploded ordnance is dropped can be eliminated, and the collateral damage of the rain-enhancing and hail-suppressing cannonball can be reduced.

In addition, because the sensitivity of poly black-2 explosive (friction sensitivity 28%, impact sensitivity 22%) and passivation black Suojin explosive (friction sensitivity 28%, impact sensitivity 32%) is much lower than that of dull black aluminum (80:20) Explosives (friction sensitivity 68%, impact sensitivity 40%), and they are all close to the safety critical explosive Tecuer (friction sensitivity 16%, impact sensitivity 48%), so it can ensure the launch safety of rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating shells.

The key point of the present invention lies in the selection of the explosive charge type. For the rain-enhancing catalyst, except that it is required to be arranged in the projectile body, under the premise of not affecting the detonation and flight performance of the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating cannonballs, there is no restriction on its placement position.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

By rationally changing the type of explosive charge, the present invention solves the problem of the existing rain-increasing and hail-eliminating artillery shells that have hidden dangers in launching safety and is easy to use unexploded shells on the premise of ensuring that the rain-increasing and hail-eliminating performance of the shells is not affected after the changing of the explosives. The problem of fire caused by accidental fire when landing reduces the sensitivity of the explosive, improves the safety of the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating shells, and eliminates the hidden danger of fire, thereby reducing the collateral damage of the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating shells.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Embodiment 1 of the rain-increasing hail-eliminating shell with low collateral damage of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an A-A sectional view of Embodiment 1 given in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict with each other.

It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relationship between various components under a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). The relative positional relationship, motion situation, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "fixed" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated; " A connection" can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization by those of ordinary skill in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be achieved, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions It does not exist, nor does it fall within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Example 1

In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of rain-increasing and hail-reducing cannonball with low collateral damage of the present invention comprises a fuze body 1, a fuze detonator 2, a rain-increasing catalyst 3, an explosive charge 4 and a projectile body 5, and is equipped with a fuze transmission tube. The fuze body 1 of the detonator 2 is fixed at the mouth of the bomb body 5, the rain-enhancing catalyst 3 and the explosive charge 4 are sequentially arranged in the bomb body 5 from top to bottom. There is a paper pad between the tops, and the explosive charge 4 is made of non-aluminum explosives with a sensitivity close to Tetra (friction sensitivity 16%, impact sensitivity 48%), such as polyblack-2 explosive (friction sensitivity 28%, impact sensitivity 28%) Sensitivity 22%) or passivated black cable dynamite (friction sensitivity 28%, impact sensitivity 32%).

Referring to FIG. 2 , a blind hole is opened downward at the center of the top surface of the explosive charge 4 . The top surface of the rain-enhancing catalyst 3 is flush with the top surface of the explosive charge 4 .

After the fuze of the present invention is normally launched and the insurance is released, the detonator 2 explodes at a predetermined time through time delay control, and the explosive charge 4 is started. After the rain-enhancing and hail-reducing cannonballs ignited and detonated, the explosive charge 4 exploded and shattered the projectile 5, and the silver iodide was dispersed under the action of the explosive power to form an ice nucleus. Because the detonation pressure of both the polyhex-2 explosive and the passivated black cable explosive is higher than that of the dull black aluminum (80:20) explosive, the replacement of the explosive charge 4 with the poly black-2 explosive or the passivated black cable explosive is not sufficient. It will reduce its explosion pressure. The rain enhancement and hail elimination performance of the rain-enhancing and hail-reducing projectiles are directly related to the explosive effect of the explosive charge. The higher the explosion pressure of the explosive charge 4, the faster the speed of driving the silver iodide catalyst when it explodes, the greater the number and coverage of silver iodide particles formed by the explosion, and the higher the ice nucleation rate of the silver iodide catalyst, which absorbs the water vapor in the cloud. The more water droplets or ice particles are produced, the better the rain-enhancing effect of cannonballs is; at the same time, the more water droplets or ice particles formed in the cloud layer, the greater the advantage of competing with hail embryos for water, and the inhibition of hailstone growth is achieved. The effect of eliminating hail is better. In addition, the higher the explosion pressure of the explosive charge, the stronger the disturbed airflow formed by the explosion of the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating shells, and the better the damage effect on the balance between the precipitation particles and the updraft, which in turn causes more precipitation particles to fall in a concentrated manner, prompting the Clouds that have not yet formed hail fall in advance due to precipitation, which better achieves rain enhancement and hail elimination. Therefore, the rain-increasing and hail-removing performance of the shell after dressing change will only improve, not decrease.

If the rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating projectiles fail to function at the predetermined timing, causing them to accidentally fall and catch fire, because the explosive charge 4 no longer contains aluminum powder, the hidden danger of fire caused by accidental unexploded projectiles falling on the ground can be eliminated, and the rain-enhancing and hail-dispelling projectiles can be reduced. Collateral damage to shells.

In addition, because the sensitivity of poly black-2 explosive (friction sensitivity 28%, impact sensitivity 22%) and passivation black Suojin explosive (friction sensitivity 28%, impact sensitivity 32%) is much lower than that of dull black aluminum (80:20) Explosives (friction sensitivity 68%, impact sensitivity 40%), and they are all close to the safety critical explosive Tecuer (friction sensitivity 16%, impact sensitivity 48%), so it can ensure the launch safety of rain-enhancing and hail-eliminating shells.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, etc. , should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A rain-enhancing and hail-suppressing artillery shell with low collateral damage, comprising a fuze body (1), a fuze booster tube (2), a rain-enhancing catalyst (3), an explosive charge (4) and a projectile body (5), The fuze body (1) with the fuze booster (2) is fixed at the mouth of the projectile body (5), the rain-enhancing catalyst (3) and the explosive charge (4) are arranged in the projectile body (5), and the fuze transmits the detonation. A paper pad is arranged between the bottom of the tube (2) and the top of the explosive charge (4), characterized in that: the explosive charge (4) adopts a non-aluminum explosive with a sensitivity close to Tetra. 2. The rain-increasing and hail-reducing cannonball with low collateral damage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the explosive charge (4) is a polyhex-2 explosive or a passivation black cable explosive.

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