CN114623448A - Distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment - Google Patents
Distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114623448A CN114623448A CN202011475663.0A CN202011475663A CN114623448A CN 114623448 A CN114623448 A CN 114623448A CN 202011475663 A CN202011475663 A CN 202011475663A CN 114623448 A CN114623448 A CN 114623448A
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- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment.A lifting and dumping device is arranged at one side of a pyrolysis furnace, and a garbage hopper is arranged on the lifting and dumping device and can move to a loading bin gate at the top of the pyrolysis furnace to dump under the driving of the lifting and dumping device; the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with an ash discharging device, and a feeding hole of the ash discharging device is communicated with the ash area; the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a flue gas outlet on the furnace wall above the dry distillation area, and the flue gas outlet, the heat exchange device, the high-temperature combustion device, the cooling device, the dust removal device, the induced draft fan and the chimney are sequentially connected through a pipeline. The invention adopts the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis technology and the secondary high-temperature combustion technology, effectively inhibits the generation of toxic and harmful substances such as dioxin and the like, and completely reaches the discharge standard. And no sewage, tar and odor are generated, and the automation degree is high. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of small investment, small occupied area and advanced technology, and can realize the source on-site treatment of organic garbage or solid waste, and daily yield and daily cleanliness, namely distributed treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment.
Background
With the increasing production of household garbage, medical garbage and enterprise hazardous waste and the stricter environmental protection, the traditional waste treatment technologies such as landfill, incineration and MBT (mechanical biological treatment technology) have the disadvantages of large investment, large occupied area, high operation cost, avoidance of adjacent problems and risk of secondary pollution to the atmosphere, water and soil. The mainstream incineration technology is that high-temperature violent combustion reaction is carried out under the combustion supporting of oxygen, a large amount of fly ash and toxic gas are generated, the generation amount of ash is large (15% -20%), and further filling treatment is needed.
The existing organic waste or solid waste treatment technology has the following defects that the existing organic waste or solid waste treatment technology cannot operate reliably and stably for a long time and cannot meet the requirements of GB18484-2014 hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard:
1. the pyrolysis temperature reaches more than 500 ℃, and no effective reducing environment is formed in the pyrolysis furnace body, so that harmful substances such as dioxin, furan and the like are synthesized.
2. A large amount of sewage containing tar and fly ash is generated in the smoke treatment process and needs to be additionally treated;
3. the process of carrying out secondary high-temperature combustion treatment on the flue gas for more than 2 seconds, rapidly cooling the flue gas to below 500 ℃, decomposing toxic substances such as dioxin and the like, and rapidly cooling the flue gas to prevent the toxic substances from being synthesized again is omitted.
Therefore, how to provide a distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetic treatment device for environment-friendly treatment of waste is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization processing apparatus, which at least solves one of the problems set forth in the background art.
The invention adopts the negative pressure oxygen-limited environment in the pyrolysis system, carries out thermal decomposition on the organic solid waste under the action of magnetized air, decomposes macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular gas, controls the pyrolysis temperature below 350 ℃, effectively reduces the generation of toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like, has no violent combustion reaction at the same time, ensures full decomposition, has extremely small and harmless ash residue generation amount, and generates flue gas which is further treated and dedusted by the flue gas treatment system of the invention and reaches the standard for emission.
In order to realize the scheme, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment device comprises a lifting and material pouring device, a pyrolysis furnace, a heat exchange device, a high-temperature combustion device, a cooling device, a dust removal device, an induced draft fan and a chimney; the lifting and dumping device is arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace, a garbage hopper is arranged on the lifting and dumping device, and the garbage hopper can be moved to a loading bin door at the top of the pyrolysis furnace to dump under the driving of the lifting and dumping device; the furnace chamber of the pyrolysis furnace is divided into a material storage upper chamber and a decomposition lower chamber by a feeding door, and the decomposition lower chamber is a dry distillation area, a decomposition area and an ash area from top to bottom in sequence; 2-3 circles of air magnetization assemblies are arranged above and below the pyrolysis furnace outer wall and the corresponding area of the decomposition area, and each circle of air magnetization assembly comprises a plurality of air magnetization devices which are arranged at equal intervals; the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with an ash discharging device, and a feeding hole of the ash discharging device is communicated with the ash area; the pyrolysis furnace is positioned on the furnace wall above the dry distillation area and is provided with a flue gas outlet, the heat exchange device, the high-temperature combustion device, the cooling device, the dust removal device, the induced draft fan and the chimney are sequentially connected through a pipeline, flue gas containing fly ash, residual carbon, tar and mixed gas discharged by the pyrolysis furnace is treated, and heat exchange, high-temperature combustion, cooling and dust removal are mainly carried out.
Preferably, in the distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment, the feeding bin door is hinged to a feeding port at the top of the pyrolysis furnace, and is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder acts on the feeding bin door, so that the feeding bin door can be turned over to be opened or closed.
Preferably, in the distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment, the feeding door comprises a door frame and a sliding door plate arranged in the door frame in a sliding manner, and the sliding door plate is controlled to slide in the door frame through an electric push rod to realize opening or closing.
Preferably, in the distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment, each circle of air magnetization assembly comprises 30-45 air magnetization devices, each air magnetization device comprises two neodymium iron boron strong magnets, a conjugated steel shell and a perforated air inlet baffle, the two neodymium iron boron strong magnets are arranged on the inner wall of the conjugated steel shell, an air flow channel is reserved in the middle of the conjugated steel shell, two sides of the conjugated steel shell are provided with openings, one side of the openings is communicated with an oxygen supply device, and the other side of the openings is provided with the perforated air inlet baffle; the central hole of the perforated air inlet baffle is communicated with the furnace chamber of the pyrolysis furnace through an air inlet pipe.
Preferably, in the distributed low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment for organic solid waste, the heat exchange device is a tubular tube heater.
Preferably, in the distributed low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment for organic solid waste, the high-temperature combustion device comprises a shell, an electric heating pipe, a microporous ceramic body, a heat preservation layer and a temperature sensor, wherein the heat preservation layer is arranged on the periphery of the shell, and the microporous ceramic body is connected with the electric heating pipe. And are both located within the housing, the temperature sensor being disposed within the housing. The electric heating tube generates 850 ℃ high temperature to heat the microporous ceramic body, and when the flue gas flows through the microporous ceramic body, residual carbon, tar, dioxin and other still decomposable gases in the flue gas are further decomposed. The flow time of the flue gas in the high temperature combustion device is about 2 seconds.
Under the cooperation of the heat exchange device and the high-temperature combustion device, the flue gas discharged by the pyrolysis furnace exchanges heat with the high-temperature gas discharged by the high-temperature combustion device, so that the flue gas is heated to about 500 ℃ before entering the high-temperature combustion device, the energy consumption of an electric heating pipe in the high-temperature combustion device is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the high-temperature gas discharged from the high-temperature combustion device is also cooled, and the cooling capacity of the next cooling process is reduced.
Preferably, in the distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment, the cooling device is a tube type steam-water heat exchanger, the tube type steam-water heat exchanger is communicated with a cooling water tank, and the cooling water tank is connected with a water replenishing device. The cooling device further reduces the temperature of the flue gas from the high-temperature combustion device, which passes through the heat exchange device, and reaches the temperature requirements of the dust removal device and evacuation.
Preferably, in the distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment, the dust removal device is a bag-type dust remover, and both an air outlet and an air inlet of the dust remover are provided with pressure sensors; the bag type dust collector is connected with an active carbon injection device through a pipeline, the active carbon injection device periodically injects active carbon powder into the bag type dust collector, the injected active carbon powder is attached to the outer side of a cloth bag, the dust removal effect is improved, and meanwhile, the active carbon adsorbs peculiar smell.
Preferably, in the distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment, a variable-frequency high-pressure centrifugal fan is used as a draught fan, and the negative pressure and the air output of the system are adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a variable-frequency motor.
Preferably, in the distributed low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment for organic solid waste, the ash discharge device is a spiral conveyor, and a vibrator is mounted on the spiral conveyor to discharge ash regularly.
Preferably, the distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment further comprises an electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system comprises an electrical cabinet, and a controller and a control panel which are located in the electrical cabinet.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment is disclosed and provided, the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis technology and the secondary high-temperature combustion technology are adopted, the generation of toxic and harmful substances such as dioxin is effectively inhibited, and the emission of the toxic and harmful substances is completely up to the standard. And no sewage, tar and odor are generated, and the automation degree is high. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of small investment, small occupied area and advanced technology, and can realize the source on-site treatment of organic garbage or solid waste, daily product and daily product cleaning, namely distributed treatment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a pyrolysis furnace;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the air magnetizing device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment, which comprises a lifting and discharging device 1, a pyrolysis furnace 2, a heat exchange device 3, a high-temperature combustion device 4, a cooling device 5, a dust removal device 6, an induced draft fan 7 and a chimney 8; the lifting and dumping device 1 is arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace 2, a garbage hopper 9 is arranged on the lifting and dumping device 1, and the garbage hopper 9 can move to a loading bin gate 10 at the top of the pyrolysis furnace 2 to dump under the driving of the lifting and dumping device 1; the furnace chamber of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is divided into a material storage upper chamber 12 and a decomposition lower chamber 13 through a feeding door 11, and the decomposition lower chamber 13 is a dry distillation area, a decomposition area and an ash residue area from top to bottom in sequence; 2-3 circles of air magnetizing assemblies are arranged above and below the corresponding area of the outer wall of the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the decomposition area, and each circle of air magnetizing assembly comprises a plurality of air magnetizing devices 14 which are arranged at equal intervals; the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is provided with an ash discharging device 15, and a feeding hole of the ash discharging device 15 is communicated with an ash area; the pyrolysis furnace 2 is provided with a flue gas outlet on the furnace wall above the dry distillation area, the flue gas outlet, the heat exchange device 3, the high-temperature combustion device 4, the cooling device 5, the dust removal device 6, the induced draft fan 7 and the chimney 8 are sequentially connected through a pipeline, flue gas containing fly ash, carbon residue, tar and mixed gas discharged by the pyrolysis furnace 2 is treated, and heat exchange, high-temperature combustion, cooling and dust removal are mainly performed.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the feeding bin door 10 is hinged to a feeding port at the top of the pyrolysis furnace 2, and the feeding bin door 10 can be turned over to be opened or closed under the control of a hydraulic cylinder by acting a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder on the feeding bin door 10.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the feeding door 11 includes a door frame and a sliding door panel slidably disposed in the door frame, and the sliding door panel is controlled to slide in the door frame by an electric push rod to open or close.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, each circle of air magnetizing assemblies comprises 30-45 air magnetizing devices 14, each air magnetizing device 14 comprises two neodymium iron boron strong magnets 16, a conjugated steel shell 17 and a perforated air inlet baffle 18, the two neodymium iron boron strong magnets 16 are arranged on the inner wall of the conjugated steel shell 17, an air flow channel is reserved in the middle of the conjugated steel shell 17, two sides of the conjugated steel shell 17 are provided with openings, one side of the openings is communicated with an oxygen supply device, and the other side of the openings is provided with the perforated air inlet baffle 18; the central hole of the perforated air inlet baffle plate 18 is communicated with the furnace chamber of the pyrolysis furnace 2 through an air inlet pipe 19.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the heat exchange device 3 is a tubular heater.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the high temperature combustion apparatus 4 includes a housing, an electric heating tube, a microporous ceramic body, a heat insulating layer and a temperature sensor, the heat insulating layer includes a periphery of the housing, and the microporous ceramic body is connected with the electric heating tube. And are all positioned in the shell, and the temperature sensor is arranged in the shell. The electric heating tube generates 850 ℃ high temperature to heat the microporous ceramic body, and when the flue gas flows through the microporous ceramic body, residual carbon, tar, dioxin and other still decomposable gases in the flue gas are further decomposed. The time for the flue gas to flow through the high temperature combustion device 4 is about 2 seconds.
Under heat exchange device 3 and high temperature combustion device 4's cooperation, carry out the heat exchange by pyrolysis oven 2 exhaust flue gas and high temperature combustion device 4 exhaust high-temperature gas for the flue gas just is heated to about 500 ℃ before getting into high temperature combustion device 4, has effectively reduced electric heating pipe's in high temperature combustion device 4 energy consumption, and the high temperature gas of 4 exhaust of follow high temperature combustion device simultaneously also obtains the cooling down, reduces the cooling capacity of next cooling process.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the cooling device 5 is a tube type steam-water heat exchanger, the tube type steam-water heat exchanger is communicated with the cooling water tank 21, and the cooling water tank 21 is connected with a water supplementing device. The cooling device 5 further reduces the temperature of the flue gas from the high-temperature combustion device 4, which passes through the heat exchange device 3, and reaches the temperature requirements of the dust removal device 6 and the evacuation.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the dust removal device 6 is a bag type dust remover, and an air outlet and an air inlet of the dust remover are both provided with pressure sensors; the bag type dust collector is connected with an active carbon injection device 20 through a pipeline, the active carbon injection device 20 injects active carbon powder into the bag type dust collector periodically, the injected active carbon powder is attached to the outer side of a cloth bag, the dust removal effect is improved, and meanwhile, the active carbon adsorbs peculiar smell.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, a variable-frequency high-pressure centrifugal fan is used as the induced draft fan 7, and the negative pressure and the air output of the system are adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a variable-frequency motor.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the ash discharging device 15 is a spiral conveyor, and a vibrator is installed on the spiral conveyor and is used for periodically discharging ash.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the electrical control system 22 is further included, and the electrical control system 22 includes an electrical cabinet, and a controller and a control panel located in the electrical cabinet.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the lifting and dumping device 1 can select a mature TZ-240L garbage can lifting and dumping machine in the prior art.
The working principle is as follows:
the organic solid waste material that will adorn in rubbish fill 9 promotes to 2 upper portions of pyrolysis oven through promoting pouring device 1, and feed bin door 10 also is in the open mode simultaneously, and organic solid waste material is poured into storage epicoele 12, and feed bin door 11 at this moment is closed condition, guarantees 2 internal gas tightness of pyrolysis oven, and the flue gas can not leak, and outside air can not also get into 2 internal pyrolysis ovens through the material loading process.
After the feeding bin door 10 is completely closed, the feeding door 11 is opened, and organic solid waste substances fall into the decomposition lower cavity 13 under the action of gravity, so that the feeding process is completed.
The pyrolysis furnace 2 has the function of decomposing organic matters under the condition of negative pressure and limited oxygen, and the decomposition lower cavity 13 sequentially comprises a dry distillation area, a decomposition area and an ash residue area from top to bottom. The dry distillation area utilizes the heat energy generated by thermal decomposition to dry and dehydrate the organic garbage or the solid waste on the upper layer. The decomposition area pyrolyzes organic matters under the action of magnetized oxygen, mostly decomposes the organic matters into small molecular gases, and the small molecular gases enter the heat exchange device 3, the high-temperature combustion device 4, the cooling device 5, the dust removal device 6, the induced draft fan 7 and the chimney 8 for further treatment under negative pressure. Inorganic matters which cannot be pyrolyzed form ash slag, and the ash slag is accumulated at the lower part to form an ash slag area. 2-3 layers of 30-45 air magnetizers 14 are uniformly distributed on the furnace wall around the decomposition area, and when the outside air passes through the magnetizers, oxygen atoms in the air are magnetized.
In the process of treating organic garbage or solid waste by the equipment, toxic and harmful gases are not generated in the whole process, sewage, tar and odor are not generated, a small amount of discharged ash slag is weakly magnetic ceramic powder, the heavy metal content reaches the standard, and the equipment is non-toxic and harmless and can be reused. Therefore, the device can be placed in residential districts, islands, universities and colleges, hospitals, troops barracks or factories needing to treat organic solid wastes, and can realize the source on-site treatment of the organic wastes or the solid wastes, namely the daily production and daily cleaning, namely the distributed treatment.
Under the condition of negative pressure and limited oxygen, the organic waste is fully thermally decomposed by using low-temperature magnetized air, and the generation amount of ash is small. The thermal decomposition temperature is controlled below 350 ℃, and the generation of polychlorinated biphenyl substances such as dioxin and the like is effectively avoided by the reducing environment in the pyrolysis process, and the polychlorinated biphenyl substances such as dioxin and the like, residual carbon and macromolecular gas are further decomposed at the high temperature of 850-900 ℃ by the high-temperature combustion device 4; the magnetic entropy heat of the magnetized air and the chemical heat energy released in the pyrolysis are utilized, and the pyrolysis of the organic solid waste can be maintained without additional energy; the high-temperature gas discharged from the high-temperature combustion device 4 and the flue gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 2 are subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchange device 3, the power of an electric heating pipe in the high-temperature combustion device 4 is reduced, and the energy-saving effect is obvious;
an upper door structure and a lower door structure which are composed of a feeding bin door 10 and a feeding door 11 effectively prevent the flue gas from leaking out during feeding and keep the air tightness in the pyrolysis furnace 2. The invention can treat organic garbage and solid waste in a distributed way and at the source, thereby reducing the seamless connection of vehicles for transporting the solid waste, lowering the transportation cost and reducing the phenomena of leakage and secondary pollution; the device can be additionally provided with a plurality of sensors, adopts intelligent control and can realize on-line monitoring.
The invention applies the low-temperature magnetization technology to the pyrolysis treatment of the organic solid waste, controls the pyrolysis reaction temperature to be less than 350 ℃, and can not reach the temperature condition generated by polychlorinated biphenyl substances such as dioxin and the like; and at the same time, the process of pyrolyzing the organic matters is accelerated by using the magnetized oxygen generated by the air magnetizing device 14.
By adopting the structure of the air magnetizing device 14 disclosed by the invention and the arrangement position and the number of the air magnetizing devices in the pyrolysis furnace 2, the magnetized oxygen amount required by the pyrolysis of the organic matters in the pyrolysis furnace 2 is effectively provided.
The structure and the quantity of the electric heating pipes of the high-temperature combustion device 4, the arrangement and the quantity of the microporous ceramic bodies, the temperature measuring positions of the temperature sensors and the material and the thickness of the heat insulating layer ensure that the stable high temperature of 850 ℃ is generated and the polychlorinated biphenyl substances such as dioxin, residual carbon and macromolecular gas are uniformly and efficiently decomposed.
Heat exchange device 3 adopts shell and tube heat exchange structure, carries out the heat exchange with pyrolysis oven 2 exhaust flue gas and high temperature combustion device 4 exhaust high temperature gas for the flue gas just is heated to about 500 ℃ before getting into high temperature combustion device 4, has effectively reduced electric heating pipe's in the high temperature combustion device 4 energy consumption, and the high temperature gas of following high temperature combustion device 4 exhaust simultaneously also obtains the cooling, reduces the cooling capacity of cooling process.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment device is characterized by comprising a lifting and material pouring device, a pyrolysis furnace, a heat exchange device, a high-temperature combustion device, a cooling device, a dust removal device, an induced draft fan and a chimney; the lifting and dumping device is arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace, a garbage hopper is arranged on the lifting and dumping device, and the garbage hopper can be moved to a loading bin door at the top of the pyrolysis furnace to dump under the driving of the lifting and dumping device; the furnace cavity of the pyrolysis furnace is divided into a material storage upper cavity and a decomposition lower cavity through a feeding door, and the decomposition lower cavity is a dry distillation area, a decomposition area and an ash residue area from top to bottom in sequence; 2-3 circles of air magnetization assemblies are arranged above and below the pyrolysis furnace outer wall and the corresponding area of the decomposition area, and each circle of air magnetization assembly comprises a plurality of air magnetization devices which are arranged at equal intervals; the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with an ash discharging device, and a feeding hole of the ash discharging device is communicated with the ash area; the pyrolysis furnace is positioned on the furnace wall above the dry distillation area and is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet, the heat exchange device, the high-temperature combustion device, the cooling device, the dust removal device, the induced draft fan and the chimney are sequentially connected through a pipeline.
2. The distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the feeding bin door is hinged to a feeding port at the top of the pyrolysis furnace, and is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder acts on the feeding bin door to enable the feeding bin door to be turned over for opening or closing.
3. The distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment according to claim 2, wherein the feeding door comprises a door frame and a sliding door plate slidably arranged in the door frame, and the sliding door plate is controlled to slide in the door frame through an electric push rod to realize opening or closing.
4. The distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment according to claim 3, wherein each circle of air magnetization assembly comprises 30-45 air magnetization devices, each air magnetization device comprises two neodymium iron boron strong magnets, a conjugated steel shell and a perforated air inlet baffle, the two neodymium iron boron strong magnets are arranged on the inner wall of the conjugated steel shell, an air flow channel is reserved in the middle of the conjugated steel shell, two sides of the conjugated steel shell are provided with openings, one side of the openings is communicated with an oxygen supply device, and the other side of the openings is provided with the perforated air inlet baffle; the central hole of the perforated air inlet baffle is communicated with the furnace chamber of the pyrolysis furnace through an air inlet pipe.
5. The distributed low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment for organic solid wastes according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchange device is a tubular heater.
6. The distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment according to claim 5, wherein the high-temperature combustion device comprises a shell, an electric heating pipe, a microporous ceramic body, an insulating layer and a temperature sensor, the insulating layer is included at the periphery of the shell, and the microporous ceramic body is connected with the electric heating pipe. And are both located within the housing, the temperature sensor being disposed within the housing.
7. The distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment according to claim 6, wherein the cooling device is a tube type steam-water heat exchanger, the tube type steam-water heat exchanger is communicated with a cooling water tank, and the cooling water tank is connected with a water replenishing device.
8. The distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment according to claim 7, wherein the dust removal device is a bag-type dust remover, and both an air outlet and an air inlet of the dust remover are provided with pressure sensors; the bag type dust collector is connected with an active carbon injection device through a pipeline, and the active carbon injection device periodically injects active carbon powder into the bag type dust collector.
9. The distributed low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment for organic solid wastes according to claim 8, wherein the ash discharge device is a spiral conveyor, and a vibrator is installed on the spiral conveyor.
10. The distributed organic solid waste low-temperature magnetization treatment equipment according to claim 1, further comprising an electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system comprises an electrical cabinet, and a controller and a control panel located in the electrical cabinet.
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