CN114622107A - 一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法 - Google Patents
一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,包括如下步骤:步骤一:将回收后的低强度5系汽车板废料加入废料处理系统内熔化;步骤二:使用元素去除剂,将合金中元素高的含量至少降低至工艺要求上限;步骤三:将铝液转入到熔炼炉,熔炼炉按低强度5系汽车板的成分进行合金配比,熔炼温度在690~765℃;步骤四:将合格的铝液转到保温内进行精炼;步骤五:在线除渣、除气、过滤处理,铸造大扁锭;步骤六:大扁锭八面铣;步骤七:大扁锭均匀化;步骤八:热轧,加热到520℃时开炉轧制,热轧终轧温度300~380℃,厚度3~10mm,冷轧至0.8~2.5mm;步骤九:在450~550℃的温度下热处理,空冷至室温得成品。本发明将主机厂回收后的低强度废铝进行再次循环保级使用,实现绿色高效循环经济。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于铝加行业汽车板生产领域,具体地说是一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法。
背景技术
国内汽车行业已经开始进行汽车轻量化和新能源汽车的应用,其中铝在汽车的应用比例也逐渐增加,随之汽车制造厂在制造过程中产生的废铝,一般都进行降级处理应用到压铸件,没有更好循环保级使用。对汽车板使用后的废铝已经再次回收循环使用的相关技术在国内目前还处于空白。
发明内容
本发明提供一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,用以解决现有技术中的缺陷。
本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将回收后的低强度5系汽车板废料加入废料处理系统内熔化,熔炼温度在690~770℃,熔化后取样检测化学成分;
步骤二:根据检测的化学成分的结果,使用元素去除剂,将合金中元素高的含量至少降低至工艺要求上限;
步骤三:将废料处理系统熔化后的铝液按60~90%的装炉比例转入到熔炼炉,熔炼炉按低强度5系汽车板的成分进行合金配比,熔炼温度在690~765℃;
步骤四:将合格的铝液转到保温内进行精炼,精炼温度700~760℃,精炼时间20~90分钟。
步骤五:在线除渣、除气、过滤处理,铸造大扁锭,铸造温度660~720℃,铸造速度50~60mm/min;
步骤六:大扁锭八面铣,大面铣面量10~25mm,小面铣面量3~15mm;
步骤七:大扁锭均匀化,均匀化温度520~580℃,保温时间3~20h;
步骤八:加热炉加热到520℃时开炉轧制,热轧终轧温度300~380℃,厚度3~10mm,冷轧至0.8~2.5mm;
步骤九:在450~550℃的温度下热处理5~30s,空冷至室温得成品。
如上所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,所述的步骤二中元素清除剂使用顺序:先添加高熔点元素清除剂,再添加低熔点元素清除剂。
如上所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,所述的步骤二中元素清除剂使用量:废料处理系统每添加一次废铝都需要添加一次元素清除剂,元素清除剂的添加量根据本批次废铝的各元素的检测含量情况确定。
如上所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,所述的步骤二中各元素含量的工艺要求为:Si,0~0.10%;Fe,0~0.30%;Cu,0~0.03%;Mn,0~ 0.55%;Mg,0~3.5%;Cr,0~0.05%;Zn,0~0.05%;Ti,0~0.05%。
如上所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,所述的步骤三中低强度5系汽车板的成分包括如下百分比的元素:Si,0.3~0.10%;Fe,0.12~ 0.30%;Cu,0~0.03%;Mn,0.30~0.55%;Mg,3.0~3.5%;Cr,0.01~0.05%; Zn,0.01~0.05%;Ti,0.02~0.05%。
如上所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,所述的元素清除剂主要成分及作用如下所示:
本发明的优点是:本发明将主机厂回收后的低强度废铝进行再次循环保级使用,传统的生产工艺将回收后的废铝直接加入到熔炼炉,本生产工艺是将回收后的5系低强度合金分类存放,再通过废料处理系统进行除杂处理,使得合金成分满足产品要求,再转炉到熔炼炉生产,即熔炼—精炼—在线除气除渣—过滤—铸造—热轧—冷轧—连退。本发明回收低强度废汽车板熔化后的铝液分别按装炉量的60%、90%及90%和10%自产废铝进行生产。生产出新汽车板各项指标均满足主机厂的使用要求,从而不用再将废汽车板降级使用到压铸件,实现绿色高效循环经济。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例1的性能检测报告;
图2是本发明实施例2的性能检测报告;
图3是本发明实施例3的性能检测报告。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法。
实施例1
1.1将回收后的低强度5系汽车板废料加入755℃废料处理系统内进行熔化,熔化后的检测化学成分质量比是:Si,0.083%;Fe,0.18%;Cu,0.012%; Mn,0.42%;Mg,3.6%;Cr,0.028%;Zn,0.017%;Ti,0.013%。
1.2将废料处理系统内熔化合格的回收铝水按60%的装炉量添加到755℃熔炼炉内并与40%比例的电解铝水、重熔锭和中间合金一起熔化。并使用电磁搅拌器以达到熔炼炉内的化学成分均匀。其化学成分质量比是:Si,0.03%;Fe,0.12%; Cu,0.010%;Mn,0.39%;Mg,3.2%;Cr,0.03%;Zn,0.02%;Ti,0.011%。
1.3将熔炼炉的铝水转到740℃保温炉内精炼25分钟,并在线除渣、除气、过滤处理。
1.3.1渣含量情况
1.3.2渣含量是衡量熔体质量洁净度的标准之一,实际检测符合工艺要求。
1.4铸造机以680℃铸造温度和48mm/min速度进行铸造。
1.5将大扁锭大面铣10mm,小面铣面量3mm,并在加热炉内530℃保温5小时,520℃时开炉轧制,热轧终轧温度310℃,厚度3.5mm。
1.6冷轧成品厚度0.8mm,480℃热处理12s,空冷,等成品。
实施例2
2.1将回收后的低强度5系汽车板废料加入740℃废料处理系统内进行熔化,熔化后的检测化学成分质量比是:Si,0.08%;Fe,0.17%;Cu,0.011%; Mn,0.41%;Mg,3.7%;Cr,0.031%;Zn,0.016%;Ti,0.013%。
2.2将废料处理系统内熔化后的回收铝水按90%的装炉量添加到755℃熔炼炉内并与10%比例的电解铝水、重熔锭和中间合金一起熔化。并使用电磁搅拌器以达到熔炼炉内的化学成分均匀。其化学成分质量比是:Si,0.06%;Fe,0.13%; Cu,0.012%;Mn,0.43%;Mg,3.4%;Cr,0.04%;Zn,0.03%;Ti,0.013%。
2.3将熔炼炉的铝水转到745℃保温炉内精炼35分钟,并在线除渣、除气、过滤处理。
2.3.1渣含量情况
2.3.2渣含量是衡量熔体质量洁净度的标准之一,实际检测符合工艺要求。
2.4铸造机以680℃铸造温度和52mm/min速度进行铸造。
2.5将大扁锭大面铣10mm,小面铣面量3mm,并在加热炉内530℃保温5小时,520℃时开炉轧制,热轧终轧温度310℃,厚度6.5mm。
2.6冷轧成品厚度1.5mm,500℃热处理23s,空冷,等成品。
实施例3
3.1将回收后的低强度5系汽车板废料加入740℃废料处理系统内进行熔化,熔化后的检测化学成分质量比是:Si,0.075%;Fe,0.16%;Cu,0.013%; Mn,0.43%;Mg,3.4%;Cr,0.029%;Zn,0.015%;Ti,0.013%。
3.2将废料处理系统内熔化后的回收铝水按90%的装炉量添加到755℃熔炼炉内并与10%的其它合金自产废料一起熔化。并使用电磁搅拌器以达到熔炼炉内的化学成分均匀。化学成分质量比是:Si,0.095%;Fe,0.15%;Cu,0.015%; Mn,0.48%;Mg,3.5%;Cr,0.04%;Zn,0.03%;Ti,0.014%。
3.3将熔炼炉的铝水转到750℃保温炉内精炼50分钟,在线除渣、除气、过滤处理。
3.3.1渣含量情况
3.3.2渣含量是衡量熔体质量洁净度的标准之一,实际检测符合工艺要求。
3.4铸造机以680℃铸造温度和55mm/min速度进行铸造。
3.5将大扁锭大面铣10mm,小面铣面量3mm,并在加热炉内530℃保温5小时,520℃时开炉轧制,热轧终轧温度310℃,厚度9.0mm。
3.6冷轧成品厚度2.5mm,505℃热处理27s,空冷,等成品。
图1~图3是实施例1~3的相关性能检测报告,通过实施例1~3的相关性能检测报告可知实施例1~3制备的5系低强度汽车板性能达标,从而实现了将废铝重新再次循环保级使用,而不是将废汽车板降级使用到压铸件,实现绿色高效循环经济。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将回收后的低强度5系汽车板废料加入废料处理系统内熔化,熔炼温度在690~770℃,熔化后取样检测化学成分;
步骤二:根据检测的化学成分的结果,使用元素去除剂,将合金中元素高的含量至少降低至工艺要求上限;
步骤三:将废料处理系统熔化后的铝液按60~90%的装炉比例转入到熔炼炉,熔炼炉按低强度5系汽车板的成分进行合金配比,熔炼温度在690~765℃;
步骤四:将合格的铝液转到保温内进行精炼,精炼温度700~760℃,精炼时间20~90分钟。
步骤五:在线除渣、除气、过滤处理,铸造大扁锭,铸造温度660~720℃,铸造速度50~60mm/min;
步骤六:大扁锭八面铣,大面铣面量10~25mm,小面铣面量3~15mm;
步骤七:大扁锭均匀化,均匀化温度520~580℃,保温时间3~20h;
步骤八:加热炉加热到520℃时开炉轧制,热轧终轧温度300~380℃,厚度3~10mm,冷轧至0.8~2.5mm;
步骤九:在450~550℃的温度下热处理5~30s,空冷至室温得成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤二中元素清除剂使用顺序:先添加高熔点元素清除剂,再添加低熔点元素清除剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤二中元素清除剂使用量:废料处理系统每添加一次废铝都需要添加一次元素清除剂,元素清除剂的添加量根据本批次废铝的各元素的检测含量情况确定。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤二中各元素含量的工艺要求为:Si,0~0.10%;Fe,0~0.30%;Cu,0~0.03%;Mn,0~0.55%;Mg,0~3.5%;Cr,0~0.05%;Zn,0~0.05%;Ti,0~0.05%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色循环保级5系低强度汽车板生产方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤三中低强度5系汽车板的成分包括如下百分比的元素:Si,0.3~0.10%;Fe,0.12~0.30%;Cu,0~0.03%;Mn,0.30~0.55%;Mg,3.0~3.5%;Cr,0.01~0.05%;Zn,0.01~0.05%;Ti,0.02~0.05%。
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