CN114622075A - Preparation method of high-temperature fastener steel - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-temperature fastener steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114622075A CN114622075A CN202210123168.6A CN202210123168A CN114622075A CN 114622075 A CN114622075 A CN 114622075A CN 202210123168 A CN202210123168 A CN 202210123168A CN 114622075 A CN114622075 A CN 114622075A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
Abstract
A method of making a high temperature fastener steel, the method comprising the steps of: preparing raw materials; heating the raw materials by using a heating furnace to obtain a casting blank; rolling the casting blank into a hot rolled wire rod; producing high temperature fastener steel using the hot rolled wire rod. According to the preparation method of the high-temperature fastener steel, on the basis of deeply analyzing the ion precipitation kinetic condition for supporting the high-temperature service performance and the full-flow processing heat history of the high-temperature fastener, the control process of separating out the carbide and the carbonitride is moved forward, and the rolling and annealing processes are accurately controlled, so that the reasonable matching of the content of the alloy elements and the high-temperature service performance is realized, the high-temperature service performance of the fastener steel is greatly improved, and the guarantee and the higher safety of the fastener material are provided for the large-scale, diversified and complicated equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fastener steel for high-temperature pressure containers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of high-temperature fastener steel.
Background
With the development of petrochemical power industry in China, equipment is large-sized, diversified and complicated, and the development trend of the industry is achieved. The pressure container and the pipeline are mainly used for storage and transportation, separation, heat exchange and chemical reaction, and the working conditions of use are high temperature, high pressure, inflammability, explosiveness, virulent corrosion and the like. The material is broken and damaged, so that explosion or leakage can occur, and catastrophic accidents can be caused. Meanwhile, the service environment is more and more demanding, and the demanding requirements are provided for the high-temperature performance (high-temperature service durability) of the fastener steel on the equipment. The main reason for the failure of the high-temperature and high-pressure fastener is stress relaxation caused by bolt creep, and the high-temperature creep performance of the material becomes a key technical index for judging the service safety performance of the pressure vessel.
In recent years, with the trend of low-carbon and green industrial development, heat treatment equipment of downstream fastener processing enterprises is replaced by a medium-high frequency induction furnace, the traditional heating mode of combustion media is changed into a clean energy electric heating mode of induction heating, and the quenching austenitizing and tempering heat preservation time is shortened to be several seconds (2-5 seconds) from the traditional 2-3 hours. During the induction heat treatment process, Mo, V and Cr carbide and carbonitride particles which do not have the high-temperature service performance of the traditional equipment support are fully precipitated, and the problems that the conventional components cannot be fully exerted and the content of the alloy needs to be increased exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method of making high temperature fastener steel that overcomes, or at least partially solves, the above-mentioned problems.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of high-temperature fastener steel, which comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials;
heating the raw materials by using a heating furnace to obtain a casting blank;
rolling the casting blank into a hot rolled wire rod;
producing high temperature fastener steel using the hot rolled wire rod.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.25% -0.40%, Si: 0.23% -0.24%, Mn: 0.60% -0.64%, Cr: 1.01% -1.63%, Mo: 0.24% -0.60%, V: 0.19 to 0.35 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the heating of the raw material using a heating furnace and obtaining a cast slab comprises the steps of:
preparing a heating furnace;
introducing the raw material into the furnace;
heating the raw material using a heating furnace;
controlling temperature parameters of a soaking section of the heating furnace;
controlling the time parameter of the soaking section of the heating furnace;
and obtaining the casting blank.
Preferably, the heating of the raw material using the heating furnace includes the steps of:
heating the raw material using an electric arc furnace;
heating the raw material using a ladle refining furnace;
the raw materials were heated using a vacuum degassing furnace.
Preferably, the temperature parameter of the soaking section of the heating furnace is 1150-1180 ℃.
Preferably, the time parameter of the soaking period of the heating furnace is more than or equal to 30 min.
Preferably, the rolling the cast slab into a hot rolled wire rod comprises the steps of:
controlling the temperature parameters of rolling reducing diameter;
controlling the first section of roll speed parameter of the stelmor cooling line;
controlling the cooling speed parameter in the interval of 850-750 ℃.
Preferably, the rolling reduction sizing temperature parameter is 800-850 ℃.
Preferably, the first-section roll speed parameter of the stelmor cooling line is 0.10-0.12 m/s.
Preferably, the cooling rate parameter is 0.5 ℃/s-1.0 ℃/s.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: according to the preparation method of the high-temperature fastener steel, on the basis of deeply analyzing the ion precipitation kinetic condition for supporting the high-temperature service performance and the full-flow processing heat history of the high-temperature fastener, the control process of separating out the carbide and the carbonitride is moved forward, and the rolling and annealing processes are accurately controlled, so that the reasonable matching of the content of the alloy elements and the high-temperature service performance is realized, the high-temperature service performance of the fastener steel is greatly improved, and the guarantee and the higher safety of the fastener material are provided for the large-scale, diversified and complicated equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of making a high temperature fastener steel provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the complete re-dissolution temperature of VCN versus the nitrogen content of the steel in an example of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of temperature versus VCN precipitation for various nitrogen contents of Cr-Mo-V steel 1 in an example of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the morphology of precipitated particles with large size V precipitated during continuous casting, which are not redissolved during heating in a heating furnace;
FIG. 5 shows the morphology of precipitated particles of finely dispersed V obtained by controlling the heating temperature, time and "deformation-induced precipitation + extreme slow cooling" in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the yield strength of the high-temperature tensile test in the range of 100-.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In an embodiment of the present application, the present invention provides a method of making high temperature fastener steel, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing raw materials;
in the embodiment of the present application, the components and mass fractions of the raw materials in step S1 are: c: 0.25% -0.40%, Si: 0.23% -0.24%, Mn: 0.60% -0.64%, Cr: 1.01% -1.63%, Mo: 0.24% -0.60%, V: 0.19 to 0.35 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
S2: heating the raw materials by using a heating furnace to obtain a casting blank;
in the embodiment of the present application, the heating of the raw material using the heating furnace and obtaining a cast slab in step S2 includes the steps of:
preparing a heating furnace;
introducing the raw material into the heating furnace;
heating the raw material using a heating furnace;
controlling temperature parameters of a soaking section of the heating furnace;
controlling the time parameter of the soaking section of the heating furnace;
and obtaining the casting blank.
In the embodiment of the application, when the heating furnace is used for heating the raw material, the heating furnace is prepared, then the heating furnace is used for heating the raw material, the soaking section temperature parameter and the soaking section time parameter of the heating furnace are controlled simultaneously, and finally the casting blank can be obtained.
In the embodiment of the application, the V size of the casting blank is separated from 100nm to 200nm or even larger in the continuous casting process, so that the strengthening effect cannot be achieved. In order to ensure complete re-dissolution of VCN, it is necessary to design V, N, C content in the steel in the raw material (already done in step S1), while controlling the temperature and heating time of the ingot in the soaking zone of the furnace to predetermined parameters.
In an embodiment of the present application, the heating the raw material using the heating furnace includes the steps of:
heating the raw material using an electric arc furnace;
heating the raw material using a ladle refining furnace;
the raw materials were heated using a vacuum degassing furnace.
In the embodiment of the application, the EAF (electric arc furnace) -LF (ladle refining furnace) -VD (vacuum degassing furnace) smelting process is adopted to produce the casting blank, and specifically, the raw material is heated and smelted by the electric arc furnace, the ladle refining furnace and the vacuum degassing furnace in sequence to obtain the casting blank.
In the embodiment of the application, the temperature parameter of the soaking section of the heating furnace is 1150-1180 ℃.
In the embodiment of the application, according to tests, the problem of high-temperature oxidation interface defects of the casting blank can be found if the temperature of the soaking section of the heating furnace is higher than 1180 ℃, and the heating effect can not be ensured if the temperature of the soaking section of the heating furnace is lower than 1150 ℃, so that the temperature parameter of the soaking section of the heating furnace is 1150-1180 ℃.
In the embodiment of the application, the time parameter of the soaking section of the heating furnace is more than or equal to 30 min.
In the embodiment of the application, according to experiments, V, N, C can not be completely dissolved if the soaking period of the heating furnace is less than 30 min. Therefore, the time parameter of the soaking period of the heating furnace is more than or equal to 30 min.
S3: rolling the casting blank into a hot rolled wire rod;
in the embodiment of the present application, rolling the casting slab into a hot rolled wire rod in step S3 includes the steps of:
controlling the temperature parameter of rolling reduction diameter;
controlling the first section of roll speed parameter of the stelmor cooling line;
controlling the cooling speed parameter in the interval of 850-750 ℃.
In the embodiment of the present application, in order to ensure that the precipitation percentage of the component V and the precipitation percentage of the VN or VCN particle size in the V, N, C content steel designed in step S1 reach the predetermined requirements, it is necessary to control the rolling reduction diameter temperature parameter, the first roll speed parameter of the stelmor cooling line, and the cooling speed parameter in the interval of 850-.
In the embodiment of the application, the rolling reduction sizing temperature parameter is 800-850 ℃.
In the embodiment of the application, in the range of the design components of the steel raw material in the step S1, the VCN precipitation temperature range is 750-950 ℃, and the precipitation peak value is 800-850 ℃. Therefore, it is necessary to control the finish rolling or reduction diameter temperature during rolling at 800-.
In the embodiment of the application, the first-section roll speed parameter of the stelmor cooling line is 0.10-0.12 m/s.
In the embodiment of the application, in order to match with the limit slow cooling (a cover and the limit low roller speed), the roller speed parameter of the first section of the stelmor cooling line needs to be controlled to be 0.10m/s-0.12 m/s.
In the embodiment of the application, the cooling rate parameter is 0.5 ℃/s-1.0 ℃/s.
In the examples of the present application, it was found that in order to provide sufficient VCN precipitation time, the cooling rate needs to be controlled within the range of 850-.
In the embodiment of the application, through the control of the parameters, the precipitation percentage Y1 of the component V in the material is more than or equal to 65 percent, and the precipitation percentage gamma 2 of VN or VCN particles with the size less than or equal to 10nm is more than or equal to 85 percent.
S4: producing high temperature fastener steel using the hot rolled wire rod.
In the examples of the present application, hot rolled wire rods were used to prepare high temperature fastener steels of various shapes as needed.
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
1. a natural gas heating furnace, wherein the temperature of a soaking section is controlled to be 1180 ℃, and the time of the soaking section is controlled to be 35 min;
2. the rolling reduction diameter temperature is controlled at 830 ℃, the first section roll speed of a stelmor cooling line is 0.10m/s, and the cooling speed is controlled at 0.5 ℃/s within the range of 850-750 ℃.
TABLE 1
Embodiment 2 of the present invention: the chemical components of the material for high-temperature and high-pressure application are shown in the table 1, and the specific preparation process in the precious steel Cr-Mo-V steel is as follows: an EAF-LF-VD smelting process is adopted to produce a 150mm2 casting blank, and the casting blank is rolled into a phi 20mm hot-rolled wire rod at a high speed line, wherein the control parameters are as follows:
1. a natural gas heating furnace, wherein the temperature of a soaking section is controlled to be 1150 ℃, and the time of the soaking section is 40 min;
2. the rolling reduction sizing temperature is controlled at 800 ℃, the first-section roll speed of a stelmor cooling line is 0.12m/s, and the cooling speed is controlled at 1 ℃/s within the range of 850-750 ℃.
For the Cr-Mo-V steel 1 and the Cr-Mo-V steel 2 in the invention, compared with the original process, the high-temperature yield strength Rp0.2 and the creep limit performance of the examples 1 and 2 are both greatly improved, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Compared with the prior art, the high-temperature and high-pressure fastener steel has the following characteristics:
compared with the prior art, in the evaluation of the high-temperature service performance of the Cr-Mo-V steel 1 material in the embodiment 1, the Rp0.2(450 ℃) is improved by 35Mpa, the Rp0.2(500 ℃) is improved by 50Mpa, and the creep limit strength at 500 ℃ is improved by 40 Mpa. Cr-Mo-V steel 2, Rp0.2(500 ℃) is increased by 50Mpa, RpO.2(550 ℃) is increased by 30Mpa, and creep limit strength at 550 ℃ is increased by 24 Mpa. This shows that the high temperature stability is greatly improved.
According to the preparation method of the high-temperature fastener steel, on the basis of deeply analyzing the ion precipitation kinetic condition for supporting the high-temperature service performance and the full-flow processing heat history of the high-temperature fastener, the control process of separating out the carbide and the carbonitride is moved forward, and the rolling and annealing processes are accurately controlled, so that the reasonable matching of the content of the alloy elements and the high-temperature service performance is realized, the high-temperature service performance of the fastener steel is greatly improved, and the guarantee and the higher safety of the fastener material are provided for the large-scale, diversified and complicated equipment.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making a high temperature fastener steel, the method comprising the steps of:
preparing raw materials;
heating the raw materials by using a heating furnace to obtain a casting blank;
rolling the casting blank into a hot rolled wire rod;
producing high temperature fastener steel using the hot rolled wire rod.
2. A method for preparing high temperature fastener steel according to claim 1, wherein the raw material comprises the following components by mass: c: 0.25% -0.40%, Si: 0.23% -0.24%, Mn: 0.60% -0.64%, Cr: 1.01% -1.63%, Mo: 0.24% -0.60%, V: 0.19 to 0.35 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. A method of producing a high temperature fastener steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating of the raw material and obtaining a billet using a furnace comprises the steps of:
preparing a heating furnace;
introducing the raw material into the furnace;
heating the raw material using a heating furnace;
controlling temperature parameters of a soaking section of the heating furnace;
controlling time parameters of a soaking section of the heating furnace;
and obtaining the casting blank.
4. A method of making a high temperature fastener steel as claimed in claim 3, wherein said heating the stock material using a furnace comprises the steps of:
heating the raw material using an electric arc furnace;
heating the raw material using a ladle refining furnace;
the raw materials were heated using a vacuum degassing furnace.
5. The method for preparing a high-temperature fastener steel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the temperature parameter of the soaking section of the heating furnace is 1150-1180 ℃.
6. A method for preparing high temperature fastener steel according to claim 3, wherein the soaking period time parameter of the heating furnace is more than or equal to 30 min.
7. A method of making a high temperature fastener steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said rolling the billet into a hot rolled wire rod comprises the steps of:
controlling the temperature parameter of rolling reduction diameter;
controlling the first section of roll speed parameter of the stelmor cooling line;
controlling the cooling speed parameter in the interval of 850-750 ℃.
8. A method of producing a high temperature fastener steel as claimed in claim 7 wherein the roll reduced diameter temperature parameter is 800 ℃ to 850 ℃.
9. A method for preparing high-temperature fastener steel according to claim 7, wherein the first-stage roll speed parameter of the stelmor cooling line is 0.10-0.12 m/s.
10. A method of making a high temperature fastener steel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the cold rate parameter is 0.5 ℃/s to 1.0 ℃/s.
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| CN202210123168.6A CN114622075A (en) | 2022-02-07 | 2022-02-07 | Preparation method of high-temperature fastener steel |
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2022
- 2022-02-07 CN CN202210123168.6A patent/CN114622075A/en active Pending
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| CN110983003A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-04-10 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | Production method of martensite air valve steel 45Cr9Si3 wire rod |
| CN111826587A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-27 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | Cold heading steel hot-rolled wire rod for large-size wind power bolt and preparation method thereof |
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