CN114621658B - 一种聚合物表面加硬剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚合物表面加硬剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114621658B
CN114621658B CN202210360672.8A CN202210360672A CN114621658B CN 114621658 B CN114621658 B CN 114621658B CN 202210360672 A CN202210360672 A CN 202210360672A CN 114621658 B CN114621658 B CN 114621658B
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沈静
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种聚合物表面加硬剂及其制备方法,该加硬剂由主剂和固化剂组成,所述固化剂的质量为主剂的2‑8%,所述主剂由水性聚合物溶液和其质量0.5‑5%的无机填料混匀而成,所述水性聚合物溶液中含有水溶性聚氨酯‑脲聚合物和醋酸,所述水溶性聚氨酯‑脲聚合物有聚氨酯链段,也有聚脲链段,两链段通过固化剂交联且聚脲链段内具有不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺。优点为,其具有聚氨酯和聚脲的综合性能,将不含羟基的芳香二胺引入聚脲单元,提高聚脲单元的刚性,从而提升聚合物强度;PP和PVC膜等经该加硬剂表面处理后形成的复合膜,具有耐刮、耐腐蚀和耐黄变性能;该硬化剂为弱酸性体系,固化成膜时及随后使用中,均无氨类或醛类释放,健康环保。

Description

一种聚合物表面加硬剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于聚合物表面处理改性领域,具体涉及一种聚合物表面加硬剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
在装饰薄膜材料领域,采用PVC或者PP膜作为基材,印制木纹等装饰涂层,可以替代传统的三聚氰胺纸,是一种新型的环保装饰材料。但是,由于PVC或者PP膜印制油墨的表面耐刮性能较低,而且不耐酒精等溶剂,无法达到行业标准。因此,在此类装饰膜表面往往需要涂覆表面加硬剂,进行表面保护。
目前针对PVC及PP膜进行表面加硬保护通常使用聚氨酯涂层,其具有强度高、韧性好等特点,故作为表面加硬剂得以应用。然而,目前多数聚氨酯涂层采用油性体系,存在醛类、氨类等TVOC超标的使用风险,无法达到环保型装饰材料的品质要求。另外,双组分水性聚氨酯涂层大多采用氮丙啶固化剂,会释放有毒有害的气味分子,具有潜在的生物毒性,而且碱性体系伴有氨类分子超标,对人体有危害。此外,现有的加硬涂层表面硬度达不到1H,耐磨耐刮性能较差,导致现有的PP装饰膜可使用领域受限,无法应用于复合地板。因此,仍需开发健康环保型水性聚氨酯涂层,要求不含醛类、氨类等有害化学物质,而且具有较高的表面硬度,更好地满足环保型装饰薄膜材料的表面改性需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供不同于传统聚氨酯涂层的聚合物表面加硬剂,以克服现有技术中存在的上述不足。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下:一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其由主剂和固化剂组成,所述固化剂的质量为主剂的2-8%,所述主剂由水性聚合物溶液和其质量0.5-5%的无机填料混匀而成,所述水性聚合物溶液中含有水溶性聚氨酯-脲聚合物和醋酸,所述水溶性聚氨酯-脲聚合物的分子主链结构如下:
Figure BDA0003585073000000021
X基团为聚醚二元醇、聚酯二元醇或两者的混合和N-甲基二乙醇胺一起与二异氰酸酯发生聚氨酯反应后对应的链段,Y基团为聚醚二胺、聚酯二胺或两者的混合和非极性芳香二胺、脂肪二胺或两者的混合一起与二异氰酸酯发生聚脲反应后对应的链段,非极性的芳香二胺或脂肪二胺均不含有羟基,m和n均为不小于1的整数。
在上述技术方案的基础上,本发明还可以做如下进一步的具体或最优选择。
具体的,形成X基团时同时用到聚醚二元醇和聚酯二元醇,聚醚二元醇与聚酯二元醇的摩尔比例为0.1-10:1。
具体的,聚醚二元醇为数均分子量在400-2000的PEG、PPG或PTHF,聚酯二元醇为数均分子量1000-2000的PCDL。
具体的,形成Y基团时同时用到聚醚二胺和聚酯二胺,聚醚二胺和聚酯二胺的摩尔比例为0.1-10:1。
具体的,聚醚二胺为ED-600或ED-900,聚酯二胺为聚酯胺EPO。
具体的,形成Y基团时用到的芳香二胺的摩尔数占比形成Y基团时用到的二胺总摩尔数的1-60%。
优选的,非极性的芳香二胺为具有下述结构式的二胺中的一种或多种:
Figure BDA0003585073000000031
脂肪二胺的结构式如下:
Figure BDA0003585073000000032
其中n为2至10之间的整数。
具体的,二异氰酸酯为TDI、MDI、IPDI、HDI中的一种或多种,所述固化剂为二异氰酸酯三聚体,所述二异氰酸酯三聚体为TDI三聚体、HDI三聚体、MDI三聚体、IPDI三聚体。
具体的,无机填料为纳米二氧化硅、纳米二氧化钛、纳米三氧化二铝中的一种或多种。
本发明还提供了制备上述的聚合物表面加硬剂的方法,其包括如下步骤:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二元醇、聚酯二元醇或二者混合,1-3份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热50-80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入6-10份二异氰酸酯,完全加入后70-100℃下反应1-5小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺、聚酯二胺或二者混合,0.05-7.5份芳香二胺和脂肪二胺,芳香二胺的摩尔数占比使用的总二胺摩尔数的1-60%(优选为15-60%),加热50-80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入5-10份二异氰酸酯化合物,完全加入后50-80℃下反应1-5小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度40-80℃,反应1-5h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸2-5份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为40-50wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入重量比0.5-5%无机填料,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量2-8%的固化剂,混匀,即得。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明将柔性的聚氨酯分子链段和刚性的聚脲段进行嵌段共聚,再引入固化剂进行交联反应,使得获得的共聚物具有聚氨酯和聚脲的综合性能,将不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺引入聚脲单元,有效提高聚脲单元的刚性,大幅改善聚合物分子刚性,大幅提升聚合物的强度,该加硬剂可在PP膜或PVC膜等表面形成厚度100nm-1μm之间的高分子交联型结膜层,其为一种高强度、高韧性的表面涂层,可以达到耐刮、耐溶剂腐蚀,同时具有优异的耐黄变性能;聚氨酯-脲聚合物分子与PP或PVC膜表面存在分子链锁扣作用、分子间氢键作用以及范德华力作用,使得表涂层与PP或PVC膜结合非常紧密,分子链上不含羟基等易反应基团,故耐腐蚀性好;硬化剂内引入有无机填料,有利于形成有机无体复合结构,可有效提高结膜的机械强度和粘附力。
该硬化剂为弱酸性体系,没有氨类分子或醛类分子等刺激性气体释放,不存在有害物质超标的问题,更加健康环保,可满足环保型家装装饰薄膜材料的需求。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的作进一步的详细描述,所举实例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限定本发明的范围。
为免赘述,以下实施例中用到的药品原料若无特别说明则均为市售产品,用到的方法若无特别说明则均为本领域常规方法。
实施例1
一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其通过如下方法制备得到:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在200份丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二元醇(PPG 1000),1份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热50℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入7份二异氰酸酯HDI,完全加入后70℃下反应5小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺(ED-600),0.55份不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺,加热50-80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入5份二异氰酸酯化合物MDI,完全加入后50℃下反应5小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液,其中不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺的结构式如下:
Figure BDA0003585073000000051
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度40℃,反应5h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸2份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为40wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入重量比0.5%无机填料纳米二氧化钛,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量2%的固化剂TDI三聚体,混匀,即得。
实施例2
一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其通过如下方法制备得到:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在200份丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二元醇(PEG 900),3份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入10份二异氰酸酯HDI,完全加入后100℃下反应1小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺(ED-600),7.5份不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺,加热80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入10份二异氰酸酯化合物MDI,完全加入后50℃下反应5小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液,其中不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺的结构式如下:
Figure BDA0003585073000000061
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度80℃,反应1h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸5份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为50wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入重量比5%无机填料纳米二氧硅,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量8%的固化剂HDI三聚体,混匀,即得。
实施例3
一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其通过如下方法制备得到:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在200份丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二元醇(PEG 400),2份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热70℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入8份二异氰酸酯HDI,完全加入后60℃下反应4小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺(ED-600),1.8份不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺,加热65℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入8份二异氰酸酯化合物MDI,完全加入后70℃下反应3小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液,其中不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺的结构式如下:
Figure BDA0003585073000000071
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度60℃,反应4h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸3份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为45wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入重量比3%无机填料纳米二氧化硅,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量5%的固化剂IPDI三聚体,混匀,即得。
实施例4
一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其通过如下方法制备得到:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在200份丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二元醇(PTHF 1000),3份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热70℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入10份二异氰酸酯IPDI,完全加入后100℃下反应1小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺(ED-600),5份不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺和1份脂肪二胺(碳链长度为7,即n为3),加热65℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入10份二异氰酸酯化合物MDI,完全加入后50-80℃下反应1-5小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液,其中不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺为如下结构式的二胺按照1:1摩尔比的混合:
Figure BDA0003585073000000081
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度50℃,反应4h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸4份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为40wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入重量比1%无机填料纳米二氧硅,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量6%的固化剂(TDI三聚体和HDI三聚体按1:1重量比混合),混匀,即得。
实施例5
一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其通过如下方法制备得到:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在200份丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二元醇(PTHF 1000),3份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热75℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入9份二异氰酸酯HDI,完全加入后100℃下反应2小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺(ED-600),3份不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺,加热65℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入10份二异氰酸酯化合物MDI,完全加入后80℃下反应2小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液,其中不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺为如下结构式的二胺按照1:1摩尔比的混合:
Figure BDA0003585073000000091
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度80℃,反应2h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸5份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为50wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入重量比3%无机填料纳米二氧硅,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量4%的固化剂MDI三聚体,混匀,即得。
实施例6
一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其通过如下方法制备得到:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在200份丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二元醇(PPG 2000),1份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入8份二异氰酸酯HDI,完全加入后100℃下反应3小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺(ED-600),4份不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺,加热50℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入10份二异氰酸酯化合物MDI,完全加入后80℃下反应3小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液,其中不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺为如下结构式的二胺按照1:1:2摩尔比的混合:
Figure BDA0003585073000000092
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度80℃,反应2h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸2份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为50wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入重量比1%无机填料纳米二氧硅,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量2%的固化剂TDI三聚体,混匀,即得。
实施例7
一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其通过如下方法制备得到:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在200份丙酮中加入2份的聚醚二元醇(PEG 400)和3份的聚酯二元醇(PCDL1000),2份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入9份二异氰酸酯IPDI,完全加入后100℃下反应3小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺(ED-600),4份不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺,加热50℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入10份二异氰酸酯化合物HDI,完全加入后75℃下反应3小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液,其中不含羟基的非极性芳香二胺为如下结构式的二胺按照1:1:1摩尔比的混合:
Figure BDA0003585073000000101
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度80℃,反应2h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸4份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为45wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入重量比2%无机填料纳米二氧硅,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量4%的固化剂TDI三聚体,混匀,即得。
需要说明的是,主剂和固化剂在对聚合物表面进行涂布处理时,要当场混匀当场尽快使用,平时存放时分开单独放置不能混在一起,避免提前固化。
性能测试:
以各实施例S5的白色乳液为对象,取白色乳液适量,旋转粘度计测试粘度200-300mpa·s;取适量白色乳液于烘箱烘干,称量固含物,固含量20-30%。另各取S6混匀后的液体加硬剂,高效液相色谱测量其醛类、氨类的总含量,均小于5ppm;电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测量其中重金属离子含量,均小于10ppm。
以各实施例S6对应的加硬剂分别进行涂布试验,涂布时,通过刮涂、凹版印刷等方式涂布在基材PP膜表面,80℃下8-10s固化,完成涂布,收卷不反粘。持续烘干2小时,无任何刺激性气味产生。用光泽度仪测试其哑光度,结果为5-7度;按国标GB/T6739-2006进行表面铅笔硬度测试,结果为1-2H;按国标GB/T528-2009分别测试其拉伸强度、横纵向断裂伸长率,结果为,拉伸强度25-35Mpa,纵向断裂伸长率≥80%,横向断裂伸长率≥50%。
另外,将上述涂覆后形成的复合膜于烘箱内100℃持续烘30分钟,其纵向、横向尺寸变化率均小于5%;100℃下持续烘2小时,其色泽度变化≤3。
随后还对各实施例对应硬化剂涂覆PP膜后的复合膜进行了一系列的测试,结果如下:指压测试,无指纹;耐污性能测试,咖啡、酱油、鞋油、醋、指甲油、盐酸、双氧水、红药水、豆油、墨水、柠檬酸,耐受等级5级(在PP膜表面涂上相应污渍,放置24小时后,可以完全擦除,无明显痕迹,为5级);耐磨仪测量其耐磨损程度,测试500转无明显损伤;耐刮伤性,用钢丝绒摩擦20次以上,无明显变化;水滴角测试仪测量其水滴角角度,均≥100°;按ASTM-D1148-1995《耐黄变实验方法》测试其耐黄变性能,测试时间200小时,ΔE<0.3,Δb*<0.2,样品表面无龟裂、脆化;分别用蘸透乙醇、丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的无尘布进行擦拭,擦拭力量等效于1000克砝码重量,可耐擦拭100-150次,无明显变化。
最后,在PVC、APET、RPET、PETG、PE等高分子薄膜表面做了类似涂布试验,该硬化剂均有表现较好。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,由主剂和固化剂组成,所述固化剂的质量为主剂的2-8%,所述主剂由水性聚合物溶液和水性聚合物溶液质量0.5-5%的纳米无机填料混匀而成,所述水性聚合物溶液中含有水溶性聚氨酯-脲聚合物和醋酸,所述水溶性聚氨酯-脲聚合物的分子主链结构如下:
Figure 794611DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
X基团为聚醚二元醇、聚酯二元醇或两者的混合和N-甲基二乙醇胺一起与二异氰酸酯发生聚氨酯反应后对应的链段,Y基团为聚醚二胺、聚酯二胺或两者的混合和非极性芳香二胺、脂肪二胺或两者的混合一起与二异氰酸酯发生聚脲反应后对应的链段,非极性的芳香二胺或脂肪二胺均不含有羟基,m和n均为不小于1的整数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,形成X基团时同时用到聚醚二元醇和聚酯二元醇,聚醚二元醇与聚酯二元醇的摩尔比例为0.1-10:1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,聚醚二元醇为数均分子量在400-2000的PEG、PPG或PTHF,聚酯二元醇为数均分子量1000-2000的PCDL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,形成Y基团时同时用到聚醚二胺和聚酯二胺,聚醚二胺和聚酯二胺的摩尔比例为0.1-10:1。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,聚醚二胺为ED-600或ED-900,聚酯二胺为聚酯胺EPO。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,形成Y基团时用到的芳香二胺的摩尔数占比形成Y基团时用到的二胺总摩尔数的1-60%。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,芳香二胺为具有下述结构式的二胺中的一种或多种:
Figure 755614DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
脂肪二胺的结构式如下:
Figure 653031DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
,其中n为2至10之间的整数。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,二异氰酸酯为TDI、MDI、IPDI、HDI中的一种或多种,所述固化剂为二异氰酸酯三聚体,所述二异氰酸酯三聚体为TDI三聚体、HDI三聚体、MDI三聚体、IPDI三聚体。
9.根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的一种聚合物表面加硬剂,其特征在于,无机填料为纳米二氧化硅、纳米二氧化钛、纳米三氧化二铝中的一种或多种。
10.一种如权利要求1至9任一项所述的聚合物表面加硬剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:各原料用量按照同一摩尔份数计,
S1.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二元醇、聚酯二元醇或二者混合,1-3份N-甲基二乙醇胺,加热50-80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入6-10份二异氰酸酯,完全加入后70-100℃下反应1-5小时,得到异氰酸基封端的含有聚氨酯分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S2.在丙酮中加入5份的聚醚二胺、聚酯二胺或二者混合,0.05-7.5份芳香二胺和脂肪二胺,芳香二胺的摩尔数占使用的总二胺摩尔数的1-60%,加热50-80℃后完全溶解,缓慢加入5-10份二异氰酸酯化合物,完全加入后50-80℃下反应1-5小时,得到氨基封端的含有聚脲分子链段的预聚物溶液;
S3.将以上两种不同的预聚物溶液全部混合,混合温度40-80℃,反应1-5h,得到聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液;
S4.在聚氨酯-脲聚合物溶液中,加入含醋酸2-5份的醋酸水溶液,醋酸水溶液中醋酸浓度为40-50wt%,得到乳白色混合液,再减压蒸馏除去丙酮,得到水性聚氨酯-脲溶液,为淡蓝色溶液;
S5.在水性聚氨酯-脲溶液中加入水性聚氨酯-脲溶液重量0.5-5%纳米无机填料,得到白色浑浊的乳液,即为主剂;
S6.在主剂中加入其质量2-8%的固化剂,混匀,即得。
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