CN114621151A - 热活化延迟荧光半导体材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
热活化延迟荧光半导体材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D241/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D241/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D241/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机光电半导体技术领域,具体涉及一种热活化延迟荧光半导体材料及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
有机半导体材料具有结构可涉及性强、可溶液加工以及可加工在柔性衬底上等优点,已成为新一代电子信息材料的主体,在有机发光二极管、有机场效应晶体管、有机太阳电池、钙钛矿太阳电池、光电探测器和生物传感与诊疗等领域获得广泛关注和应用。研究开发一种新型高效的有机共轭半导体材料必将在电子产业中产生广阔的市场前景。有机发光材料在所有共轭有机半导体材料中占重要的地位。
2012年,以热活化延迟荧光(TADF)材料替代以往的有机和磷光配合物作为发光主体,一方面可以避免使用昂贵的金属元素,另一方面激子可以同时进入TADF分子的S1和T1激发态,进入T1激发态的激子通过反系间窜越回到TADF分子的S1,分别以PF和DF的方式辐射发光。因此,基于TADF的OLED器件能够获得100%的内量子效率。目前为止,基于TADF发光体的OLED器件,在天蓝光(39%),绿光(35%)和红光(29%)方面分别获得较高的EQE,彰显了基于TADF发光体的OLED巨大的实用前景。从OLED器件研发的整体看,不管荧光OLED、磷光OLED还是基于TADF的OLED,器件结构都基本一致,也即是说,它们共享了空穴、电子传输等辅助层材料,差异只是这些材料同发光体之间的匹配。
对于TADF发光体而言,其材料的应用领域目前主要局限在OLED领域。TADF在有机场效应晶体管、有机太阳电池、钙钛矿太阳电池、光电探测器和生物传感与诊疗等领域的应用,随着更多高效TADF发光材料的发现和发展日渐受人关注。尤其是高效的长波发光TADF发光体。
具有适当平面Π共轭结构的杂环喹啉二甲腈具有强大的吸电子能力,以其作为受体部分,选择苯环作为给受体的桥联部分连接受体与不同的给体结构,D-Π-A的共轭框架可以保证相对较高的发光量子效率。迄今为止,很多研究将给受体结构置于杂环喹喔啉二甲腈头尾两端。例如,专利或文献中公开了如下的结构:
很容易发现这些结构(不局限以上结构)给受体结构置于杂环喹喔啉二甲腈头尾两端,虽然,这些结构在器件应用中已经表现出较好的性能,但依旧存在一定的不稳定性。
电子受体可以影响材料的基态和激发态特性,包括光吸收和发射波长、电子亲和(EA)和有机π共轭材料的电离能(IE),这些特性对非线性光学(NLO)、有机光电(OPV)、以及有机场效应晶体管(OFET)。然而,将强π受体结合到新材料中,这通常是通过Stille或Suzuki交叉耦合实现的,可能会有问题;许多缺乏电子的前驱体对亲电卤化反应有抗性,或需要苛刻的条件进行这些反应,这可能导致低收率,而对于Stille和Suzuki试剂来说,缺乏电子的锂化前驱体往往不稳定。此外,即使可以合成相应的Stille或Suzuki试剂,受体的强吸电子能力可能导致亲核性降低,这可能转化为反应活性降低,对于缺电子的硼酸,显著的空气不稳定性和/或有机金属偶联反应条件的不稳定性。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种热活化延迟荧光半导体材料及其制备方法与应用。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现:
热活化延迟荧光半导体材料,其结构如下述通式(I)所述的化合物:
其中,X=N或氰基取代的次甲基,Ar1和Ar2各自独立选自取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的杂芳基,虚线表示环Ar1和环Ar2可以相连,也可以不相连;D1和D2至少一个取自其中,L1选自单键、取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的杂芳基;Ar3,Ar4各自独立选自取代或未取代的芳基和取代或未取代的杂芳基,Ar3,Ar4彼此不连接,或Ar1和Ar2与其相连的N构成含氮杂环;R11、R12、R21和R22各自独立的取自氘、氟、氰基、取代或未取代C1-C10的烷基、取代或未取代C2-C10的烯基、取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代C3-C30的杂芳基中的一种。X为氰基取代的次甲基或N。当X为氰基取代的次甲基时,为双氰基结构,是对称结构的前提,通过控制氰基数量,可以改变吸电子能力,调整有机热活化延迟荧光半导体的发射波长和发光效率。
优选地,所述取代指取代基或化合物的至少一个氢被替换为D,F,Cl,CH3-,叔丁基,吡啶基,苯基,萘基,菲基,蒽基,芴基,咔唑基,三苯胺基,嘧啶基,三嗪基,苯并吡嗪基,苯并呋喃基,二苯并呋喃基,二苯并噻吩基,吲哚基,吲哚并咔唑基、芘基、苝基。所述未取代指取代基位置或化合物上的氢没有被替换。
优选地,所述D1和D2为以下芳香结构之一,其中虚线为基团的连接位点,
优选地,L1选自单键、苯基、联苯基、连三苯基、萘基、连萘基、苯基萘基、萘基苯基、芴基、苯基芴基、苯并芴基、菲基、蒽基、茚基、芘基、苝基、荧蔥基或螺芴基。
优选地,所述化合物包括如下化合物中的任意一种,但不限于所列全部结构:
R12选自氘、氟、氰基、与D1和D2相同结构或下列结构:CnH2n+1(n=0~24,直链或支链)、苯基、噻吩基、联苯基、芴基、咔唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、菲基、蒽基、以及以氘、氟、氰基、甲基、叔丁基、己基、辛基、异辛基取代的苯基、噻吩基、联苯基、芴基、咔唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、菲基、蒽基。
优选地,以上所述的热活化延迟荧光半导体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
通过原料F1-1与F1-2经过关环反应得到中间体原料F2,F2经C-H活化连接上D1与D2,所述Y为氢,或F2经Buchwald反应连接二芳基胺,最终得到F3;
其反应式如下所示:
优选地,所述步骤a)使用醋酸为溶剂,反应温度在140~170℃;所述步骤b)的C-H活化条件为Hermann’s催化剂、新戊酸钾为碱。
优选地,所述步骤b)的C-H活化反应的溶剂为DMF或甲苯;当所述步骤b)为Buchwald反应,反应条件Pd2dba3为催化剂,Sphos或Xphos作为膦配体,叔丁醇钾或叔丁醇钠作为碱,甲苯或二氧六环为溶剂,反应温度为80~130℃。
优选地,以上所述的热活化延迟荧光半导体材料应用于有机光电器件或生物传感与成像领域中。
优选地,所述有机光电器件包括有机发光二极管器件、有机薄膜晶体管器件、有机太阳电池器件、钙钛矿太阳电池器件。
优选地,所述材料应用于有机发光二极管器件的功能层作为发光层使用,应用于有机薄膜晶体管活性层中,应用于钙钛矿太阳电池组合物中作为空穴传输层使用;应用于有机太阳电池组合物中作为活性层添加物使用。
优选地,所述有机发光二极管器件包括第一电极和第二电极,以及位于所述第一电极和第二电极之间的至少一层有机层,其中所述有机层包含通式(I)代表的一种或两种有机半导体。所述的有机电致发光器件应用在显示装置或照明装置中。
其中所属显示装置选自由以下组成的群组:平板显示器、计算机监视器、医疗监视器、电视机、告示牌、用于内部或外部照明和/或发信号的灯、平视显示器、全透明或部分透明的显示器、柔性显示器、激光打印机、电话、蜂窝电话、平板电脑、平板手机、个人数字助理PDA、可佩戴装置、膝上型计算机、数码相机、摄像机、取景器、对角线小于2英寸的微型显示器、3-D显示器、虚拟现实或增强现实显示器、交通工具、包含多个平铺在一起的显示器的视频墙、剧院或体育馆屏幕、光疗装置,和指示牌。
本发明以氰基喹喔啉为核心,将三芳胺、咔唑等空穴传输特性的富电子共轭基团在特定位点通过钯催化的C-H活化的方式直接芳基化连接喹喔啉,或钯催化的Buchwald反应制备得到。本发明的所述的材料具有以下有益效果:
1、具有高的三线态(T1)能级、较小的△EST、高的PLQY和高的玻璃态转变温度。
通式(I)所表示的一种有机半导体,D1和D2位于喹喔啉中苯环的对位,拥挤的排列方式,一方面能有效调控D1、D2与喹喔啉稠环之间的角度,显著影响通式(I)所述化合物的能级、带隙和三线态激发态能级,改善其单线态和三线态能级差(△Est);另一方面,D1、D2与喹喔啉稠环之间的密堆积连接方式受桥联结构二面角的影响,会获得更优的光致发光效率(PLQY)。同时,给体部分与具有强吸电子的氰基相邻,对其分子结晶性有影响,有利于形成无定型的薄膜,从而使通式(I)所表示的分子在电致发光器件中具有更好的形态稳定性和优异的薄膜稳定性,对相应的器件寿命有利,有利于提升OLED器件的性能和发光效率。
2、通过调节核心骨架单元的取代方式,对氰基喹喔啉核心的LUMO能级进行微调,能够非常方便的在分子骨架中引入吸电子基团(吡啶,嘧啶,氰基等);通过优化D1、D2的取代基选择,也可以在通式(I)所代表的化合物分子骨架中引入苯基咔唑、苯基吲哚、三芳基胺、多环芳烃等共同构建具有双偶极特性的材料,这样HOMO能级分布于给电子基团,LUMO能级分布于吸电子基团,能够实现HOMO能级和LUMO能级的有效分离,既具有良好的空穴传输性能,也具有良好的电子传输性能,能够实现平衡的电荷传输。同时,富电子基团和缺电子基团的选择能方便的调控激发态单线态和三线态能级,优化单线态和三线态能级差△Est,有利于三线态激子向单线态激子的反系间窜越,促进主体材料向客体材料的能量转移,减少能量传递过程中的损失。
3、起始原料易于获得,反应条件温和,操作步骤简单,有利于通式(I)表示的化合物大规模生产。
附图说明
图1:实施例1中热活化延迟荧光半导体材料M1在氘代氯仿中的1H NMR谱图。
图2:实施例1中热活化延迟荧光半导体材料M1在氘代氯仿中的13C NMR谱图。
图3:实施例1中热活化延迟荧光半导体材料M1的LCMS检测谱图。
图4:实施例1中热活化延迟荧光半导体材料M1的紫外吸收和光致发光谱图。其中,谱图左侧纵坐标为吸收强度;右侧纵坐标为光致发光强度,横坐标为波长;曲线为归一化结果。
图5:实施例1中热活化延迟荧光半导体材料M1的以F127包覆制备的水溶性纳米颗粒的TEM图。
具体实施方式
本发明揭示了一种热活化延迟荧光半导体材料及其制备方法,该有机电致发光半导体材料具有发光效率高、发光波长可调谐、合成成本低、稳定性好等优势,可用于有机发光二极管器件的发光层,所述发光层为一种有机电致发光半导体发光,或者所述一种有机电致发光半导体作为敏化助剂,进行能量传递引起其他发光材料发光。
在本说明书中,当没有另外提供定义时,“取代的”是指取代基或化合物的至少一个氢被替换为氘、卤素、氰基、取代或未取代的C1至C24烷基、C3至C30环烷基、C6至C30芳基、C2至C30杂芳基或其组合。具体的,在本发明的具体示例中,“取代”是指取代基或化合物的至少一个氢被替换为D,F,Cl,CN,CH3-,叔丁基,吡啶基,苯基,萘基,菲基,蒽基,芴基,咔唑基,三苯胺基,嘧啶基,三嗪基,苯并吡嗪基,苯并呋喃基,二苯并呋喃基,二苯并噻吩基,吲哚基,吲哚并咔唑基。
在本说明书中,当没有另外提供定义时,“杂”是指包括选自N、O、S、P和Si中的1-2个杂原子以及一个官能团中剩余的碳。
在本说明书中,当没有另外提供定义时,“烷基”是指脂族烃基。烷基可以是C1至C30烷基。更具体地,烷基可以是C1至C20烷基或C1至C10烷基。例如,C1至C4烷基在烷基链中可具有1至4个碳原子,并且可以选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基。
烷基的具体实例可以是甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等。
在本说明书中,“芳基”是指包括至少一个烃芳族部分的基团,并且所述烃芳族部分的所有元素都具有形成共轭的p-轨道,例如苯基、萘基等,两个或多个烃芳族部分可通过σ键连接,并且可以是例如联苯基、三联苯基、四联苯基等,或两个或多个烃芳族部分直接或间接稠合以提供非芳族稠合环。例如,它可以是芴基。芳基可包括单环、多环或稠环多环(即共享相邻碳原子对的环)官能团。
在本说明书中,“杂环基”是杂芳基的一般概念,并且可以在诸如芳基、环烷基、其稠合环或它们的组合等环状化合物中包括至少一个选自N、O、S、P和Si的杂原子来代替碳(C)。当杂环基为稠合环时,杂环基的整个环或每个环可包含一个或多个杂原子。例如,“杂芳基”是指包括选自N、O、S、P和Si中的至少一个杂原子的芳基。两个或多个杂芳基通过σ键直接连接,或当杂芳基包含两个或多个环时,所述两个或多个环可稠合。当杂芳基为稠合环时,每个环可包含1至3个杂原子。杂环基的具体实例可以是吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、三嗪基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、取代或未取代的吩恶嗪基、取代或未取代的二苯并呋喃基、或取代或未取代的二苯并噻吩基或它们的组合,但并不限于此。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种具有如式M1所示结构:
M1的合成路线:
化合物3的合成:在250mL三口瓶中,将9,10-菲醌(10.4g,50mmol)溶解于冰醋酸(130mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后,在氮气流下,加入化合物1(8.7g,55mmol);反应在氮气保护下进行,130℃下冷凝回流6~8小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入适量水搅拌1小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,用乙醇对滤饼进行反复冲洗,得到化合物3纯品15g(产率为92%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):331.0911。
化合物M1的合成:将化合物3(6.6g,20mmol),4-溴三苯胺(13.62g,42mmol),特戊酸(2g,20mmol)、碳酸钾(8.3g,60mmol)、醋酸钯(0.45g,2mmol)、P(t-Bu)2Me·HBF4(1.16g,4mmol)放于150ml双口瓶中;抽换气三次之后,氮气保护下,用注射器加入无水甲苯50ml,120℃下反应12h。待反应结束后,反应体系冷却至室温,二氯甲烷、水萃取,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥后旋干溶剂得到粗品,粗品柱层析后得到M1,质量为12.57g,产率77%,HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):817.3009。
其反应式如下所示:
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种具有如式M2所示结构:
化合物5的合成:在250mL三口瓶中,将1,10-邻二氮杂菲-5,6-二酮(10.5g,50mmol)溶解于冰醋酸(130mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后,在氮气流下,加入化合物1(8.7g,55mmol);反应在氮气保护下进行,130℃下冷凝回流6~8小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入适量水搅拌1小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,用乙醇对滤饼进行反复冲洗,得到化合物5纯品14.8g(产率为89%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):333.0817。
化合物M2的合成:将化合物5(6.65g,20mmol),4-溴三苯胺(13.62g,42mmol),特戊酸(2g,20mmol)、碳酸钾(8.3g,60mmol)、醋酸钯(0.45g,2mmol)、PtBu2Me·HBF4(1.16g,4mmol)放于100ml双口瓶中;抽换气三次之后,氮气保护下,用注射器加入无水甲苯50ml,120℃下反应12h。待反应结束后,反应体系冷却至室温,二氯甲烷、水萃取,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥后旋干溶剂得到粗品,粗品柱层析后得到M2,质量为12.28g,产率75%,HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):819.2913。
其反应式如下所示:
实施例3
本实施例提供一种具有如式M3所示结构:
化合物7的合成:在250mL三口瓶中,将苯偶酰(10.5g,50mmol)溶解于冰醋酸(130mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后,在氮气流下,加入化合物1(8.7g,55mmol);反应在氮气保护下进行,130℃下冷凝回流6~8小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入适量水搅拌1小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,用乙醇对滤饼进行反复冲洗,得到化合物3纯品15.8g(产率为95%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):333.1069。
化合物M3的合成:将化合物7(6.65g,20mmol),4-溴三苯胺(13.62g,42mmol),特戊酸(2g,20mmol)、碳酸钾(8.3g,60mmol)、醋酸钯(0.45g,2mmol)、PtBu2Me·HBF4(1.16g,4mmol)放于100ml双口瓶中;抽换气三次之后,氮气保护下,用注射器加入无水甲苯50ml,120℃下反应12h。待反应结束后,反应体系冷却至室温,二氯甲烷、水萃取,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥后旋干溶剂得到粗品,粗品柱层析后得到M3,质量为13.3g,产率81%,HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):819.3166。
其反应式如下所示:
实施例4
本实施例提供一种具有如式M4所示结构:
化合物3的合成:同实施例1;
化合物M4的合成:将化合物3(6.6g,20mmol),9-(4-溴苯基)咔唑(13.54g,42mmol),特戊酸(2g,20mmol)、碳酸钾(8.3g,60mmol)、醋酸钯(0.45g,2mmol)、PtBu2Me·HBF4(1.16g,4mmol)放于100ml双口瓶中;抽换气三次之后,氮气保护下,用注射器加入无水甲苯50ml,120℃下反应12h。待反应结束后,反应体系冷却至室温,二氯甲烷、水萃取,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥后旋干溶剂得到粗品,粗品柱层析后得到M1,质量为12.68g,产率78%,HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):813.2694。
其反应式如下所示:
实施例5
本实施例提供一种具有如式M5所示结构:
化合物5的合成:同实施例2所述化合物5的合成方法。
化合物M5的合成:将化合物5(6.6g,20mmol),4-溴三苯胺(13.62g,42mmol),特戊酸(2g,20mmol)、碳酸钾(8.3g,60mmol)、醋酸钯(0.45g,2mmol)、PtBu2Me·HBF4(1.16g,4mmol)放于100ml双口瓶中;抽换气三次之后,氮气保护下,用注射器加入无水甲苯50ml,120℃下反应12h。待反应结束后,反应体系冷却至室温,二氯甲烷、水萃取,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥后旋干溶剂得到粗品,粗品柱层析后得到M5,质量为12.88g,产率79%,HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):815.2607。
其反应式如下所示:
实施例6
本实施例提供一种具有如式M6所示结构:
化合物7的合成:同实施例3的合成方法;
化合物M6的合成:将化合物7(6.6g,20mmol),4-溴三苯胺(13.62g,42mmol),特戊酸(2g,20mmol)、碳酸钾(8.3g,60mmol)、醋酸钯(0.45g,2mmol)、PtBu2Me·HBF4(1.16g,4mmol)放于100ml双口瓶中;抽换气三次之后,氮气保护下,用注射器加入无水甲苯50ml,120℃下反应12h。待反应结束后,反应体系冷却至室温,二氯甲烷、水萃取,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥后旋干溶剂得到粗品,粗品柱层析后得到M6,质量为13.5g,产率83%,HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):815.2849。
其反应式如下所示:
由于M1-M6分子结构相似,均是以两个氰基喹喔啉为核心,以三苯胺或咔唑这种具有空穴传输特性的结构构成,因此在性能表征上具有相似性,以下针对M1分子进行相关表征。
结合图1-图5针对材料M1进行相关图谱分析,由图2的LCMS检测谱图显示,图上部位液相部分,表明M1具有极高纯度;下部为其TOF-MS谱图,质谱结果与高分辨质谱一致。由图5可知,M11可被制成分散均匀的纳米颗粒,具有潜在应用于荧光成像的价值。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (9)
1.热活化延迟荧光半导体材料,其特征在于:其结构如下述通式(I)所述的化合物:
其中,X=N或氰基取代的次甲基,Ar1和Ar2各自独立选自取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的杂芳基,虚线表示环Ar1和环Ar2可以相连,也可以不相连;D1和D2至少一个取自其中,L1选自单键、取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的杂芳基;Ar3,Ar4各自独立选自取代或未取代的芳基和取代或未取代的杂芳基,Ar3,Ar4彼此不连接,或Ar1和Ar2与其相连的N构成含氮杂环;
R11、R12、R21和R22各自独立的取自氘、氟、氰基、取代或未取代C1-C10的烷基、取代或未取代C2-C10的烯基、取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代C3-C30的杂芳基中的一种,所述l、k、m和n独立取自0~4的整数,且m+n<6,l+k<6。
2.如权利要求1所述的热活化延迟荧光半导体材料,其特征在于:所述取代指取代基或化合物的至少一个氢被替换为D,F,Cl,CH3-,叔丁基,吡啶基,苯基,萘基,菲基,蒽基,芴基,咔唑基,三苯胺基,嘧啶基,三嗪基,苯并吡嗪基,苯并呋喃基,二苯并呋喃基,二苯并噻吩基,吲哚基,吲哚并咔唑基、芘基、苝基,所述未取代指取代基位置或化合物上的氢没有被替换。
4.如权利要求1所述的热活化延迟荧光半导体材料,其特征在于:L1选自单键、苯基、联苯基、连三苯基、萘基、连萘基、苯基萘基、萘基苯基、芴基、苯基芴基、苯并芴基、菲基、蒽基、茚基、芘基、苝基、荧蔥基或螺芴基。
7.如权利要求5所述的热活化延迟荧光半导体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤a)使用醋酸为溶剂,反应温度在140~170℃;所述步骤b)的C-H活化条件为Hermann’s催化剂、新戊酸钾为碱。
8.如权利要求6所述的热活化延迟荧光半导体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤b)的C-H活化反应的溶剂为DMF或甲苯;当所述步骤b)为Buchwald反应,反应条件Pd2dba3为催化剂,Sphos或Xphos作为膦配体,叔丁醇钾或叔丁醇钠作为碱,甲苯或二氧六环为溶剂,反应温度为80~130℃。
9.如权利要求1-5中任意一所述的热活化延迟荧光半导体材料的应用,其特征在于:应用于有机光电器件中。
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