CN114616050A - 用于将热电偶安装在填充有催化剂的反应管内部的方法 - Google Patents

用于将热电偶安装在填充有催化剂的反应管内部的方法 Download PDF

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CN114616050A
CN114616050A CN202080075718.0A CN202080075718A CN114616050A CN 114616050 A CN114616050 A CN 114616050A CN 202080075718 A CN202080075718 A CN 202080075718A CN 114616050 A CN114616050 A CN 114616050A
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CN114616050B (zh
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G·D·米勒
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Abstract

提供了一种在对反应管填充催化剂的同时将温度测量装置安装在该反应管内部的方法。该方法包括将定位系统插入反应管中，该定位系统包括在中心位置连接到定心环的多个充气气囊，该反应管包括远端和近端。然后将温度测量装置插入定心环中。将定位系统定位成距远端第一预定距离。然后对多个充气气囊充气，从而使定心环和温度测量装置在SMR管内对中，并将催化剂引入SMR管中，从而将温度测量装置围在催化剂中。

Description

用于将热电偶安装在填充有催化剂的反应管内部的方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年10月28日提交的美国专利申请号16/665,315的优先权，该美国专利申请根据35U.S.C.§119(a)要求优先权权益，该美国专利申请的全部内容通过援引并入本文。
背景技术
蒸汽甲烷重整器(SMR)是一种利用热量、压力和催化剂将甲烷(CH4)和蒸汽(H2O)转化为氢气(3H2)和一氧化碳(CO)的工业设备。CH4和H2O在填充有催化剂的管中相互反应，这些管被封闭在为形成H2和CO的吸热反应提供热量的熔炉内。为了使这种吸热反应得以进行，需要非常高的熔炉温度。通常，温度将在700℃至1,000℃(1,292°F至1,832°F)之内，而压力的范围通常可以为3巴至25巴。
一些公司制造了可以插入反应管中的热电偶，通过这些热电偶，可以沿着管的长度测量温度。了解此SMR管内部温度是有价值的，这样可以监测SMR反应，可以优化工艺，并且可以预测管失效。
安装这些SMR管内部热电偶可能具有挑战性，因为这些热电偶需要在催化剂围绕这些热电偶安装之前进行安装。
本发明概述了一种方法，通过该方法安装反应管内部热电偶并且使其居中，然后将催化剂装填至管中。
发明内容
提供了一种在对反应管填充催化剂的同时将温度测量装置安装在该反应管内部的方法。该方法包括将定位系统插入反应管中，该定位系统包括在中心位置连接到定心环的多个充气气囊，该反应管包括远端和近端。然后围绕温度测量装置插入定心环。将定位系统定位成距远端第一预定距离。然后对多个充气气囊充气，从而使定心环和温度测量装置在SMR管内对中，并将催化剂引入SMR管中，从而将温度测量装置围在催化剂中。
附图说明
为了进一步理解本发明的本质和目的，应结合附图来参考以下详细说明，在附图中类似的元件被赋予相同或类似的附图标记，并且在附图中：
图1是如本领域已知的反应管和催化剂弹簧的截面视图的示意性表示。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管和催化剂弹簧的截面视图的示意性表示，其中有多气囊定位系统。
图3a是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管的截面视图的示意性表示，其中有单个温度测量装置。
图3b是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管的截面视图的示意性表示，其中有一串多个温度测量装置。
图4是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管和定心环的截面视图的示意性表示。
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管和已充气的多气囊定位系统的截面视图的示意性表示。
图6a是根据本发明的一个实施例的未充气的多气囊定位系统的截面视图的示意性表示。
图6b是根据本发明的一个实施例的未充气的多气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
图7是根据本发明的一个实施例的已充气的多气囊定位系统的截面视图的示意性表示。
图8是根据本发明的一个实施例的位于反应管的底部处的未充气的多气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
图9是根据本发明的一个实施例的位于反应管的底部处的已充气的多气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
图10是根据本发明的一个实施例的位于反应管的底部处的已充气的多气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示，其指示了催化剂引入至管中。
图11是根据本发明的一个实施例的位于反应管的底部处的已充气的多气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示，其中催化剂填料完成。
图12是根据本发明的一个实施例的重新定位至反应管内的下一个位置的未充气的多气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
元件附图标记
101＝反应管(SMR管)
102＝管内表面
103＝定心环
104＝多个充气气囊
106＝温度测量装置
107＝加压气体导管
109＝多个充气气囊之间的区域(用于催化剂填充)
110＝多气囊定位系统(包括定心环103和多个充气气囊104)
112＝催化剂
113＝反应管的底部(远端)
114＝反应管的顶部(近端)
115＝催化剂弹簧
116＝定心环和催化剂弹簧的系绳
117＝振动装置
118＝压缩气体源
119＝压缩气体源阀
122＝压缩空气放泄阀
123＝远端网状盘
具体实施方式
以下描述了本发明的说明性实施例。虽然本发明易受各种修改和替代形式的影响，但其具体实施例已通过举例在附图中示出并且在本文中详细描述。然而，应理解的是，本文中对具体实施例的说明不旨在将本发明限于所披露的具体形式，而是相反地，其意图是涵盖落入如由所附权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围内的所有修改、等效物以及替代物。
当然，将了解的是，在任何这类实际实施例的研制中，必须做出许多对实现方式特定的决策来实现开发者的特定目标(例如，遵守与系统相关及与商业相关的约束)，这些特定目标将随实现方式的不同而变化。此外，将了解的是，这样的发展工作可能是复杂且耗时的，但是对获得本披露益处的本领域普通技术人员而言仍是常见的保证。
术语“约1英尺”意指在条件允许的情况下尽可能接近一英尺。如本文所用，“约1英尺”被定义为意指12英寸加减20％。同样，“约5英尺”被定义为60英寸加减20％。
术语“基本上竖直的取向”意指在条件允许的情况下尽可能接近竖直方向。术语“基本上竖直的取向”意指充分竖直，使得从本领域技术人员的角度来看，本发明的表现就如同管精确竖直一样。如本文所用，“基本上竖直的取向”被定义为与实际的竖直方向相差10度以内、优选地在实际的竖直方向的5度以内。
概括而言，提供了一种使用密相催化剂装填技术的方法。定心环使用多个充气气囊(通常是3个)在重整器管内居中，该多个充气气囊将允许催化剂在该多个充气气囊之间穿过开口并进入反应管的下部空置空间。开始时，气囊被定位在管的催化剂层上方。或者，如果管完全空置，那么气囊被定位在管的端部上方。管端部(或催化剂层)上方的距离可以变化，但约12英寸是典型的。气囊通常使用氮气或干燥的日用空气进行充气。然后，使用“密相装填”技术将催化剂引入至气囊的高度正下方。然后，将气囊重新定位，通常在催化剂层上方1英尺，并重复该过程，直到管装满催化剂为止。
图1和图2表示使用该装置和方法的蒸汽甲烷重整器(SMR)管101的截面视图。至少三个充气气囊104中的每个充气气囊的一个端部附接至定心环103的周边、并且优选地围绕该周边均匀地间隔开。如图6a(截面视图，未充气)、图6b(等距视图，未充气)、以及图7(截面视图，已充气)所指示，为了便于解释，此组件将被称为多气囊定位系统110。
如图6a、图6b、以及图7所指示，在定心环103内至少有温度测量装置106和加压气体导管107。加压气体导管107引入和排出用于给多个充气气囊104充气和放气的气体。加压气体导管107直接连接至多个充气气囊104，从而允许给该多个充气气囊充气和放气。
在充气时(如图2所指示的)，多个充气气囊104与反应管壁内表面102至少部分接触，并且用于将定心环103居中定位在反应管壁内表面102内。温度测量装置106位于定心环103的内部，并且在多个充气气囊104充气之后，也定位在反应管101的轴向中心附近。虽然附图中仅指示了一个温度测量装置106，但应当理解，两个或更多个温度测量装置106可以位于定心环103内部(未示出)。
参考图2至图12可以更好地理解此实施例。
在典型的催化剂密相装填过程中，径向弹簧(或刷子)115以预定的间隔沿着反应管101的长度定位。反应管101可以是SMR管。弹簧115从大致中心的圆形环状件伸展，并且用于在催化剂沿着反应管101的长度下落时阻碍催化剂。弹簧115用于在催化剂下落时减缓催化剂的速度，并且有助于防止催化剂受到损坏。应当理解，弹簧115可以与本发明一起使用。弹簧115可以沿着反应管101分布在本发明上方的圆形环状件中。这些圆形环状件包围温度测量装置106和加压气体导管107。这些环状件在本发明沿反应管101向上移动时依次撤出。弹簧115从其发散出的这些圆形环状件彼此连接、并且通过系绳116连接至定位系统110。
在可以开始用催化剂填充反应管101之前，将管定位成处于基本上竖直的取向，并且筛子已经位于反应管的远端处，以便将催化剂保持在反应管内。优选的是，对管的内部进行检查，以确保不存在不期望的物体或异物。在一些情况下，使用内孔表面检查仪(未示出)来确定反应管的内部是干净的。
首先，将温度测量装置106附接至远端网状盘123。当在温度测量装置上方装填催化剂112时，这有助于将该温度测量装置固定在适当的位置。这使温度测量装置106在后续步骤期间不会沿反应管101向上迁移。
然后，在近端114处开始，将温度测量装置106沿着空置反应管的长度插入。将温度测量装置106和加压气体导管107插入定心环103的中心中，并将定心环系绳116附接至定心环103。虽然附图中示出了两条定心环系绳116，但温度测量装置106可以装配有一个或更多个定心环系绳116。可以将加压气体导管107插入穿过定心环103，或可以不将加压气体导管107插入穿过定心环103。如果期望，可以将加压气体导管107置于定心环103之外(未示出)。然后，在固持和延伸定心环系绳116的同时，将多气囊定位系统110下放至反应管101中。然后，将多气囊定位系统110下放，直到该多气囊定位系统接触到反应管101的底部为止。此时，建议对定心环系绳116进行标记，以指示管的近端114处的水平作为参考点。温度测量装置106可以是适合于此目的、本领域已知的任何装置。温度测量装置106可以是如图3a所指示的单个热电偶。温度测量装置106可以是如图3b所指示的一串多个热电偶传感器。
然后，将多气囊定位系统110从反应管101的端部抬升第一距离H1。H1是完全自由决定的，但典型值为约1英尺。此距离可以根据先前在定心环系绳116上所做的标记确定。此时，可以参考近端114在定心环系绳116上做出附加的参考标记，以指示多气囊定位系统110的新位置。
在未充气时，多个充气气囊104同时被充气，由此至少部分地接触管壁内表面102并将定心环103居中定位在反应管101内。可以使用任何可用且适合的压缩气体源118(比如压缩氮气、或干燥的日用空气或工厂空气)给气囊充气。
长度可以与反应管101的长度大约相同的温度测量装置106在反应管101内基本上居中。将预定量或计算量的催化剂112添加至反应管101。催化剂112穿过多个充气气囊104、定心环103与管壁内表面102之间的开放区域107。
使用密相装填技术，催化剂112可以通过本领域已知的任何这种系统以规定的填充速率添加至反应管101。在催化剂112添加至反应管101时，催化剂下落穿过多个充气气囊104之间的空间并沉淀到下方的空隙中。为了促进更好的催化剂填料，并且为了有助于避免催化剂中出现不想要的空隙，可以使反应管101在填充时振动117。当已经添加足以大致填充此空隙的量时，填充停止，并且多个充气气囊104被放气。
然后，将多气囊定位系统110抬升预定距离H2，并重复该过程。预定距离H2可以是对于安装者来说有用或有意义的任何距离，例如三英尺。同样，此距离可以根据先前在定心环系绳116上所做的标记确定，并且此时可以在定心环系绳116上做出附加的参考标记。必须注意不要过度填充催化剂并因此覆盖装置110。
在后续的第二重复中，还允许催化剂112填充多个充气气囊104下方的空间。这样确保催化剂112装满反应管101，并且温度测量装置106保持居中。重复此过程，以到达反应管101内的期望位置，该期望位置可以是距管的顶部的期望距离。
反应管101现在完全重新装填并装满新鲜的催化剂，并且温度测量装置106居中定位并且能够沿着反应管101的长度提供准确且有意义的温度读数。
应当理解，由本领域技术人员可在如所附权利要求中所表述的本发明的原则和范围内做出本文已经描述以解释本发明的本质的细节、材料、步骤和零件布置上的许多附加的改变。因此，本发明不旨在限于以上给出的示例中的具体实施例。

Claims (14)

1.一种在对反应管填充催化剂的同时将温度测量装置安装在该反应管内部的方法，该方法包括：
a)将定位系统插入反应管中，该定位系统包括在中心位置连接到定心环的多个充气气囊，该反应管包括远端和近端，
b)将该温度测量装置附接到远端网状盘，
c)围绕该温度测量装置插入该定心环，
d)将该定位系统定位成距该远端第一预定距离，
e)对该多个可充气气囊充气，从而使该定心环和该温度测量装置在该SMR管内居中，以及
f)将催化剂引入该SMR管中，从而将该温度测量装置围在催化剂中。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括：
a)使该多个可充气气囊放气并将该定位系统向该近端重新定位第二预定距离，以及
b)重复步骤b)至步骤f)，直到根据需要填充该SMR管为止。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，该定位系统包括三个充气气囊。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，该定位系统还包括多个开放区域，并且该催化剂穿过该多个开放区域以围住该温度测量装置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，该定位系统包括三个充气气囊和三个开放区域。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，该温度测量装置是热电偶。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，该温度测量装置是一串多个热电偶。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，使用加压氮气对该多个充气气囊充气。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，使用加压空气对该多个充气气囊充气。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤e)期间或之后振动该催化剂反应管。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，该第一预定距离小于约5英尺。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，该第一预定距离是约1英尺。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，该第二预定距离小于约5英尺。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，该第二预定距离是约1英尺。
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US11534731B2 (en) 2022-12-27
US11541366B2 (en) 2023-01-03
WO2021086920A1 (en) 2021-05-06
US11253830B2 (en) 2022-02-22
CN114616050B (zh) 2024-05-10
CN114599446A (zh) 2022-06-07
CN114616051B (zh) 2024-05-10
WO2021086931A1 (en) 2021-05-06
US20200256740A1 (en) 2020-08-13
US20200254413A1 (en) 2020-08-13
EP4052002A1 (en) 2022-09-07
CN114616051A (zh) 2022-06-10
EP4052002B1 (en) 2023-11-29
EP4052003A1 (en) 2022-09-07
US20200256739A1 (en) 2020-08-13
WO2021086934A1 (en) 2021-05-06

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